Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial action of different endodontic pastes against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, isolated from the urinary tract, and compare the action with E. faecalis ATCC 4083, isolated from the root canal. For this purpose, dentin blocks were infected for 21 days with both bacteria at different time-intervals to ensure there would be no cross contamination. After this period, blocks were immersed in the test medications for 7 days, according to the following groups: CH/S, CH/P, CH/CMCP, CH/CHX, CH/DAP and TAP. Images of the samples were captured with a confocal microscope and the percentage of live cells was computed by means of the Bioimage program. The ATCC 29212 strain was shown to be more resistant to CH/SS, Calen, CH/DAP, and TAP than the ATCC 4083 strain. The antimicrobial action of the medications against each strain were divergent concerning the order of susceptibility. The authors concluded that the strains behaved in a different manner: in general, those extracted from the urinary tract were more resistant to the tested medications. Therefore, when E. faecalis must be used for in vitro research in endodontics, we suggest the use of ATCC 4083 strain to obtain results that are closer to the clinical reality.

O sudoeste da Amazônia Brasileira é composto por um mosaico de paisagem com transição de campos naturais e floresta ombrófila densa. A bacia do rio Puruzinho, localizada no "Arco do Desmatamento" no interflúvio Purus-Madeira, tem passado por mudança no uso e cobertura da terra. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a variação espacial de índices biofísicos de uma paisagem heterogênea na bacia hidrográfica do rio Puruzinho. O índice de vegetação da diferença normalizada (NDVI), índice de área foliar (IAF), temperatura da superfície, albedo e saldo de radiação da superfície (Rn) foram estimados pelo SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land) a partir de imagens TM Landsat 5, e analisados sobre floresta densa, campos naturais, área desmatada e área urbana de Humaitá-AM. Todos os índices biofísicos foram significativamente diferentes, considerando o uso e cobertura da terra. Os índices biofísicos apresentaram padrão inverso entre a área urbana e a floresta densa, com menor NDVI, IAF e saldo de radiação e maior temperatura e albedo da superfície na área urbana. Portanto, as variáveis estimadas pelo SEBAL foram adequadas para avaliar o efeito das mudanças no uso do solo sobre as variáveis estimadas e distinguir áreas antropizadas de áreas naturais.

The southwest area of the Brazilian Amazon is composed of a landscape mosaic with transition grasslands and tropical rain forest. The basin of the Puruzinho River, located in the "Arc of Deforestation" in the Purus-Madeira interfluve, has undergone changes in land use and land cover. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial variation of biophysical indices of a heterogeneous landscape in the Basin of Puruzinho River. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf area index (LAI), surface temperature, surface albedo and surface net radiation (Rn) were estimated by SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land) from TM Landsat 5 images, and analyzed on areas of dense forest, grasslands, deforested area and urban area of Humaitá-AM. All biophysical indices were significantly different considering the land use and land cover. The biophysical indices showed an opposite pattern between the urban area and the dense forest, with lower NDVI, IAF and net radiation and higher surface temperature and surface albedo in the urban area. Therefore, the variables estimated by SEBAL were adequate to assess the effect of land use changes on the estimated variables and to distinguish disturbed areas from natural areas.