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RESUMO: A seleção de plantas conduzida em pomares comerciais é baseada principalmente nas características da planta. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar e selecionar genótipos de aceroleira com características promissoras para cultivo na região do Vale do Gurguéia, Piauí. Foram utilizados 25 genótipos, sendo 15 clones (CL 03, CL 08, CL 09, CL 12, CL 13, CL 14, CL 20, CL 23, CL 26, CL 27, CL 30, CL 31, CL 33, CL 36 e CL 38) e 10 cultivares (BRS 235, BRS 236, BRS 237, BRS 238, BRS 366, Sertaneja, Costa Rita, Morena, Tropicana e Junko). O experimento foi instalado no delineamento de blocos casualizados com três blocos e três plantas por unidade experimental no espaçamento de 4 m x 3 m. Um total de 40% dos genótipos avaliados apresentou formato guarda-chuva, 36% formato semiaberto e 24% formato aberto. Os clones 09, 14 e 12 apresentaram o maior potencial de cultivo da região, com produção mensal de 5,01, 4,30 e 3,70 kg planta-¹ por ano e produtividade de 4,16, 3,59 e 3,08 ton ha-¹, respectivamente. O clone 27, as cultivares BRS 236 e BRS 235 e o clone 14 foram os genótipos mais precoces, requerendo 1.503,3, 1.535,6, 1.686,6 e 1.686,6 DD, respectivamente, para completar seu ciclo. Os clones 09 e 14 se destacaram em relação aos demais e são potencialmente promissores para cultivo na região do Vale do Gurgueia. RESUMO planta Gurguéia Piauí 2 1 03 08 13 20 23 26 27 30 31 33 38 237 238 366 Sertaneja Rita Morena Junko. Junko . Junko) 40 guardachuva, guardachuva guarda chuva, chuva guarda-chuva 24 aberto 501 5 01 5,01 430 4,3 370 70 3,7 planta¹ ¹ planta- 416 16 4,16 359 59 3,5 308 3,0 ha¹, ha¹ ha ¹, ha-¹ respectivamente precoces 15033 503 1.503,3 15356 535 6 1.535,6 16866 686 1.686, DD ciclo 0 Gurgueia 50 5,0 43 4, 37 7 3, 41 4,1 35 ha- 1503 1.503, 1535 53 1.535, 1686 68 1.686 5, 150 1.503 153 1.535 168 1.68 1.50 1.53 1.6 1.5 1.

ABSTRACT: Plant selection conducted in commercial orchards is mainly based on plant features. This study characterizes and selects acerola tree genotypes with promising features for cultivation in the Gurguéia Valley region, Piauí. Twenty-five genotypes were used, consisting of 15 clones (CL 03, CL 08, CL 09, CL 12, CL 13, CL 14, CL 20, CL 23, CL 26, CL 27, CL 30, CL 31, CL 33, CL 36, and CL 38) and 10 cultivars (BRS 235, BRS 236, BRS 237, BRS 238, BRS 366, Sertaneja, Costa Rita, Morena, Tropicana, and Junko). The experiment was set up in a randomized block design with three blocks and three plants per experimental unit in 4 m x 3 m spacing. A total of 40% of the genotypes evaluated showed an umbrella shape, 36% showed a semi-open shape, and 24% showed an open shape. Clones 09, 14, and 12 presented the highest cultivation potential in the region, with monthly production of 5.01, 4.30, and 3.70 kg plant-¹ per year and productivity of 4.16, 3.59, and 3. 08-ton ha-¹, respectively. Clone 27, cultivars BRS 236 and BRS 235, and clone 14 were the earliest genotypes, requiring 1,503.3, 1,535.6, 1,686.6, and 1,686.6 DD; respectively, to complete their cycle. Clones 09 and 14 stood out from the others and are potentially promising for cultivation in the Gurgueia Valley region. ABSTRACT region Piauí Twentyfive Twenty five used 1 03 08 13 20 23 26 27 30 31 33 36 38 235 237 238 366 Sertaneja Rita Morena Tropicana Junko. Junko . Junko) spacing 40 shape semiopen semi 24 501 5 01 5.01 430 4.30 370 70 3.7 plant¹ ¹ plant- 416 16 4.16 359 59 3.59 08ton ton ha¹, ha¹ ha ¹, ha-¹ respectively 15033 503 1,503.3 15356 535 6 1,535.6 16866 686 1,686. DD cycle 0 2 50 5.0 43 4.3 37 7 41 4.1 35 3.5 ha- 1503 1,503. 1535 53 1,535. 1686 68 1,686 5. 4. 150 1,503 153 1,535 168 1,68 1,50 1,53 1,6 1,5 1,

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20230055

Bayesian and classical approaches for the estimation of genetic parameters and coefficients of repeatability of acerola quality traits
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Vilvert, João Claudio

; Freitas, Sérgio Tonetto de

; Ferreira, Ianca Carneiro

; Ferreira, Maria Aparecida Rodrigues

; Souza, Flávio de França

; Veloso, Cristiane Martins

Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy

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2024, Volume 46 elocation e64573

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. Although acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) is a tropical fruit of high interest due to its high ascorbic acid content and attractive sensory attributes, fruit production is characterized by high genetic variability. Additionally, the use of new biometric tools for acerola breeding is scarce. This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters and the coefficient of repeatability, as well as determine the optimal number of fruits for quality trait analyses in different acerola genotypes, using different approaches. Twenty-three (Experiment I) and thirty-five (Experiment II) genotypes were evaluated in a randomized block design with four replicates and three plants per plot. Twenty fruits per plant were harvested and evaluated for the following quality traits: diameter, mass, skin color (lightness, chroma and hue), firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, and ascorbic acid content. The genetic parameters and the coefficient of repeatability were estimated for each experiment using classical and Bayesian methods. Both approaches achieved similar results on estimating variance components, genetic parameters and the coefficient of repeatability. Genetic parameters showed favorable conditions for acerola selection. The coefficient of repeatability was high for all acerola quality traits. A total of 17 fruits are required for the effective selection of acerola genotypes with an accuracy of 95%. ABSTRACT Malpighia DC. DC attributes variability Additionally scarce Twentythree Experiment I thirtyfive thirty five II plot traits diameter mass lightness, lightness (lightness hue, hue , hue) firmness SS, SS (SS) TA, TA (TA) SSTA ratio methods components 1 95 95% (SS (TA 9

https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v46i1.64573

INDUCTION OF POLYPLOIDY IN WATERMELON GENOTYPE WITH POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE (Podosphaera xanthii)
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SILVA, CARLA MARIA DE JESUS

; DIAS, RITA DE CÁSSIA SOUZA

; SANTOS, JOICE SIMONE DOS

; SOUZA, FLÁVIO DE FRANÇA

; MELO, NATONIEL FRANKLIN DE

Revista Caatinga

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sep 2022, Volume 35 N. 3 Pages 505 - 513

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A melancia triploide é muito apreciada pelos mercados mais exigentes, e, devido ao seu tamanho reduzido, torna-se ideal para consumo em famílias pequenas. Com o incremento de áreas cultivadas com melancia sem sementes no mundo, há demanda pelo desenvolvimento de germoplasma tetraploides para obtenção de híbridos triploides de melhor desempenho agronômico. Foram realizados dois ensaios com o objetivo de induzir poliploidia na Linhagem resistente ao oídio desenvolvida pela Embrapa Semiárido, LDRO, sob diferentes concentrações de colchicina e métodos de aplicação. As sementes foram tratadas com colchicina (0,0%; 0,1% e 0,2%) por 24h e 48h (Experimento 1) e sob diferentes métodos de aplicação de colchicina a 0,2% a) direto na semente (MDS) com e sem escarificação, b) sementes com emissão da radícula (MER), c) no ponto de inserção entre o hipocótilo e a raiz (MIHR), d) no ápice da plântula (MAP) e e) no hipocótilo invertido (MHI) (Experimento 2). Foi realizada a análise citogenética (contagem do número cromossômico), do número de cloroplastos por pares de células-guardas, número de estômatos, altura da plântula e diâmetro do hipocótilo. Na Linhagem LDRO, a duplicação cromossômica ocorreu em algumas células das plantas, mas não foi possível obter plantas 100% tetraploides. A colchicina a 0,2% por 48h sem escarificação mecânica induz a duplicação cromossômica em melancia. A análise do número de cloroplastos identifica os níveis de ploidia, de forma precoce, reduzindo o número de plantas, que serão avaliadas em citogenética, sendo que esta permite identificar com maior precisão os diferentes níveis de ploidia da planta.

ABSTRACT Triploid watermelon is highly appreciated by the most demanding markets, and due to its small size, it is ideal for consumption by small families. With the growth in areas cultivated with seedless watermelon worldwide, there is a demand for the development of tetraploid germplasm to obtain triploid hybrids with better agronomic performance. This study performed two tests to induce polyploidy in the powdery mildew–resistant line developed by Embrapa Semi-Arid, LDRO, under different colchicine concentrations and application methods. In Experiment 1, the seeds were treated with colchicine (0.0%, 0.1%, and 0.2%) for 24 h and 48 h. In Experiment 2, 0.2% colchicine was applied by different methods: (a) directly on the seed (MDS) with and without scarification, (b) on seeds with radicle emission (MER), (c) at the insertion point between the hypocotyl and the root (MIHR), (d) at the seedling apex (MAP), and (e) in the inverted hypocotyl (MHI). Chromosome count (cytogenetic analysis), number of chloroplasts per pair of guard cells, number of stomata, seedling height, and hypocotyl diameter were measured. In the LDRO line, chromosomal duplication occurred in some plant cells, but it was not possible to obtain 100% tetraploid plants. Colchicine (0.2%) for 48 h without mechanical scarification induced chromosomal duplication in watermelon. The analysis of the number of chloroplasts identified the level of ploidy early, reducing the number of plants needed to be evaluated by cytogenetics, which allowed us to more accurately identify the different levels of ploidy of the plant.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n301rc

IDENTIFICATION OF SOURCES OF RESISTANCE TO Meloidogyne enterolobii IN ACEROLA1
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SANTOS, JOHN LENNON FERRREIRA DOS

; SOUZA, FLÁVIO DE FRANÇA

; BOREL, JERÔNIMO CONSTANTINO

; CASTRO, JOSÉ MAURO DA CUNHA E

; CAPUCHO, ALEXANDRE SANDRI

Revista Caatinga

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dec 2021, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 879 - 886

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO No Brasil, as aceroleiras, quando infectadas por Meloidogyne enterolobii, apresentam redução na produtividade e na qualidade dos frutos. Uma das alternativas para solucionar este problema é a utilização de porta-enxerto resistente a esse patógeno. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a reação de 22 acessos de aceroleira a M. enterolobii, visando identificar, pelo menos, um porta-enxerto resistente. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso, com 10 repetições, sendo cada parcela formada por 10 plantas. Cada planta foi inoculada com 350 ovos mais juvenis de segundo estádio de M. enterolobii e, após 90 dias, foram determinados o índice de galhas (IG) e o fator de reprodução (FR). As variáveis foram analisadas pela metodologia de modelos mistos (REML/BLUP). Com base nas duas variáveis avaliadas, destacaram-se os acessos, ACO-13, ACO-14, ACO-18 e BRS Apodi com quatro a seis plantas com reação de resistência ao nematoide-das-galhas, mas a avaliação dos acessos deve ser feita sob maiores doses de inóculo e por tempo mais longo.

ABSTRACT In Brazil, acerola trees infested by Meloidogyne enterolobii present lower yield and fruit quality. The use of rootstocks resistant to this pathogen is one of the alternatives to overcome this problem. This study aimed to assess the reaction of 22 acerola accessions to M. enterolobii, aiming to identify at least one resistant rootstock. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with 10 replications and each plot consisting of 10 plants. Each plant was inoculated with 350 eggs and second-stage juveniles of M. enterolobii, with the gall index (GI) and reproduction factor (RF) being determined after 90 days. The variables were analyzed using the mixed model methodology (REML/BLUP). The accessions ACO-13, ACO-14, ACO-18, and BRS Apodi stood out with four to six plants showing resistance reaction to the root-knot nematode, but the assessment of accessions should be performed under a higher density inoculum and longer time.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n415rc 28 downloads

Implications for Clinical Practice from a Multicenter Survey of Heart Failure Management Centers
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Bocchi, Edimar Alcides

; Moreira, Henrique Turin

; Nakamuta, Juliana Sanajotti

; Simões, Marcus Vinicius

; Casas, Alberto de Almeida Las

; Costa, Altamiro Reis da

; Assis, Amberson Vieira de

; Durães, André Rodrigues

; Pereira-Barretto, Antonio Carlos

; Ravessa, Antonio Delduque de Araujo

; Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli

; Biselli, Bruno

; Pinto, Carolina Maria Nogueira

; Filho, Conrado Roberto Hoffmann

; Costantini, Costantino Roberto

; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues

; Santos Jr, Edval Gomes dos

; Soliva Junior, Erwin

; Figueiredo, Estevão Lanna

; Albuquerque, Felipe Neves de

; Paulitsch, Felipe

; Neuenschwander, Fernando Carvalho

; Figueiredo Neto, José Albuquerque de

; Brito, Flavio de Souza

; Lopes, Heno Ferreira

; Villacorta, Humberto

; Souza Neto, João David de

; Sepulveda, João Mariano

; Ayoub, José Carlos Aidar

; Vilela-Martin, José F.

; Cardoso, Juliano Novaes

; Uemura, Laercio

; Moura, Lidia Zytynski

; Maia, Lilia Nigro

; Oliveira, Lucia Brandão de

; Maia, Lucimir

; Silva, Luís Beck da

; Gowdak, Luís Henrique Wolff

; Danzmann, Luiz Claudio

; Andrade, Marcus

; Braile-Sternieri, Maria Christiane Valeria Braga

; Moreira, Maria da Consolação Vieira

; França Neto, Olimpio R

; Filho, Otavio Rizzi Coelho

; Esteves, Paulo Frederico

; Raupp-da-Rosa, Priscila

; Silva, Ricardo Jorge de Queiroz e

; Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo

; Viégas, Ruy Felipe Melo

; Rassi, Salvador

; Mangili, Sandrigo

; Kaiser, Sergio Emanuel

; Martins, Silvia Marinho

; Kawabata, Vitor Sergio

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e1991

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: This observational, cross-sectional study based aimed to test whether heart failure (HF)-disease management program (DMP) components are influencing care and clinical decision-making in Brazil. METHODS: The survey respondents were cardiologists recommended by experts in the field and invited to participate in the survey via printed form or email. The survey consisted of 29 questions addressing site demographics, public versus private infrastructure, HF baseline data of patients, clinical management of HF, performance indicators, and perceptions about HF treatment. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 98 centers (58% public and 42% private practice) distributed across Brazil. Public HF-DMPs compared to private HF-DMP were associated with a higher percentage of HF-DMP-dedicated services (79% vs 24%; OR: 12, 95% CI: 94-34), multidisciplinary HF (MHF)-DMP [84% vs 65%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-8), HF educational programs (49% vs 18%; OR: 4; 95% CI: 1-2), written instructions before hospital discharge (83% vs 76%; OR: 1; 95% CI: 0-5), rehabilitation (69% vs 39%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), monitoring (44% vs 29%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-5), guideline-directed medical therapy-HF use (94% vs 85%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15), and less B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) dosage (73% vs 88%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), and key performance indicators (37% vs 60%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-7). In comparison to non- MHF-DMP, MHF-DMP was associated with more educational initiatives (42% vs 6%; OR: 12; 95% CI: 1-97), written instructions (83% vs 68%; OR: 2: 95% CI: 1-7), rehabilitation (69% vs 17%; OR: 11; 95% CI: 3-44), monitoring (47% vs 6%; OR: 14; 95% CI: 2-115), GDMT-HF (92% vs 83%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15). In addition, there were less use of BNP as a biomarker (70% vs 84%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-8) and key performance indicators (35% vs 51%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 91,6) in the non-MHF group. Physicians considered changing or introducing new medications mostly when patients were hospitalized or when observing worsening disease and/or symptoms. Adherence to drug treatment and non-drug treatment factors were the greatest medical problems associated with HF treatment. CONCLUSION: HF-DMPs are highly heterogeneous. New strategies for HF care should consider the present study highlights and clinical decision-making processes to improve HF patient care.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e1991 870 downloads

Coffea canephora breeding: estimated and achieved gains from selection in the Western Amazon, Brazil
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Rocha, Rodrigo Barros

; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara

; Ramalho, Andre Rostand

; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba

; Lunz, Aureny Maria Pereira

; Souza, Flavio de França

Ciência Rural

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2021, Volume 51 N. 5 elocation e20200713

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O ganho com a seleção é um dos critérios mais importantes para avaliar a eficiência de programas de melhoramento de plantas. O objetivo desse trabalho é quantificar a associação entre o ganho de seleção estimado em condições experimentais e o ganho de seleção realizado em campo, buscando quantificar a eficiência do melhoramento do Coffea canephora. Para isso, foram considerados experimentos iniciados com a hibridação direcionada para obtenção de progênies no ano de 2004, a avaliação de testes de progênies em condições experimentais no período de 2005 a 2012, e avaliações em diferentes ambientes da Amazônia Ocidental no período de 2012 a 2018. De uma população composta por 288 indivíduos estruturados em nove progênies de irmãos completos foram selecionados 12 genótipos com amplitude de 127,70 a -19,19% em suas estimativas de ganho com a seleção, para serem avaliados em quatro ambientes da Amazônia Ocidental. O ambiente que apresentou maior correlação entre os valores genéticos preditos e o ganho realizado foi Ouro Preto do Oeste - RO (0,67), local em que as plantas foram selecionadas, seguido pelos ambientes de Alta Floresta D´Oeste - RO (0,44), Rio Branco - AC (0,43) e Porto Velho - RO (0,37). Avaliações em condições experimentais mostraram que os efeitos devido aos desvios de dominância foram aproximadamente três vezes maiores do que os efeitos aditivos. Nove clones apresentaram maiores estimativas de ganho em condições experimentais e nos ensaios de campo, e dois clones apresentaram menores estimativas em ambas condições. O clone G17-P7 apresentou altas estimativas de ganho em condições experimentais e baixo desempenho em campo. A seleção em único ambiente esteve positivamente correlacionada com o desempenho dos cafeeiros em campo (r=0,55), permitindo reduzir a população de melhoramento original em um conjunto de clones de maior potencial agronômico.

ABSTRACT: Gain from selection is an important criterion in quantifying the efficiency of breeding programs. This study quantified the selection gain estimated under experimental conditions and realized gain achieved in the field, seeking to interpret the efficiency of the Coffea canephora selection. For that purpose, we considered experiments that began in 2004 with directed hybridizations to obtain new hybrid progenies. From a breeding population composed of 288 hybrid individuals, 12 genotypes were selected in experimental conditions from 2005 to 2012, with amplitude in the estimated gains from 127.70 to−19.19%. Those genotypes were evaluated from 2012 to 2018 in clonal tests in four environments of the Western Amazon. The environment that exhibited the greatest correlation between the predicted genetic values and the realized genetic gain observed in the field was the environment of Ouro Preto do Oeste, RO (0.67), the location in which the plants were selected, followed by the environments of Alta FlorestaD´Oeste, RO (0.44), Rio Branco, AC (0.43), and Porto Velho, RO (0.37).Experimental conditions showed that the effect due to dominance deviations was approximately three times greater than the additive effect. Nine clones exhibited higher genetic gains in the experimental conditions and at field, and two clones exhibited lower estimated gains and lower field performance.The clone G17-P7 exhibited high genetic gain under experimental conditions and low field performance. The selection in experimental conditions was positively correlated with plant performance in the field (r=0.55), which allows reduction of the original breeding population to a set of more promising clones to be grown in multiple environments, optimizing time and resources.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200713 413 downloads

Inheritance of seed size in watermelon populations
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NASCIMENTO, TIAGO LIMA DO

; SOUZA, FLÁVIO DE FRANÇA

; DIAS, RITA DE CÁSSIA SOUZA

; SANTOS, JOICE SIMONE DOS

; MELO, NATONIEL FRANKLIN DE

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas

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apr 2020, Volume 14 N. 1 Pages 9 - 16

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN El tamaño de las semillas es un rasgo agronómico importante, pudiendo utilizarse para diferentes habilidades. Mientras que las semillas pequeñas garantizan un mayor aprovechamiento de la pulpa, semillas más grandes facilitan la siembra, sin embargo, existen pocos trabajos sobre el control genético de este carácter en la sandía. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la herencia del tamaño de las semillas en poblaciones de sandía cruzando genotipos contrastantes, buscando proporcionar soporte técnico durante la selección del tamaño de la semilla en el desarrollo de nuevos genotipos de este fruto. Fue medida la longitud de la semilla de seis poblaciones P1, P2, F1, F2, RC1 y RC2 utilizando el procedimiento generaciones segregantes y no segregantes (GENES), por medio del cual fue posible concluir que la herencia del tamaño de semillas en las poblaciones estudiadas es controlada por dos genes con dominancia incompleta. Además, dependiendo de las poblaciones estudiadas la herencia del carácter en cuestión puede comportarse de manera diferente. La selección de individuos superiores dentro de las poblaciones puede ser realizada con base en el fenotipo, lo que posibilita la exploración de estos individuos dentro de los programas de mejoramiento para componer líneas o híbridos.

ABSTRACT Seed size is an important agronomic trait and is applicable to different abilities. Small seeds guarantee the greater use of the pulp, while larger seeds facilitate sowing. However, there is little work on the genetic control of this characteristic in watermelon. The objective of this work was to study the seed size inheritance in watermelon populations by crossing contrasting genotypes, seeking to gain information to provide technical support during the selection of seed size for the development of new watermelon genotypes. The seed lengths of six populations, P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2, were measured using the GENES software segregating and nonsegregating generations procedure. This trait is controlled by two genes with incomplete dominance. In addition, depending on the populations studied, inheritance for the characteristic in question may behave differently. Nevertheless, the selection of superior individuals within populations can be performed based on this phenotype, which allows the exploitation of these individuals within breeding programs to develop lines or hybrids.

https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2020v14i1.10521 12 downloads

Amazonian Robustas - new Coffea canephora coffee cultivars for the Western Brazilian Amazon
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Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara

; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros

; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba

; Ramalho, André Rostand

; Vieira Júnior, José Roberto

; Alves, Enrique Anastácio

; Lunz, Aureny Maria Pereira

; Souza, Flávio de França

; Costa, José Nilton Medeiros

; Fernandes, Cleberson de Freitas

Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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2020, Volume 20 N. 3 elocation e323420318

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Amazonian Robustas are ten new clones of high yield potential with characteristics typical of the botanical varieties conilon and robusta. With individual registration, the new cultivars were developed to be grown together with other clones, with flexibility of composition of the crops according to the preference of the producer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332020v20n3c53 728 downloads

Development and validation of a standard area diagram set to assess powdery mildew severity on watermelon leaves
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Nascimento, Francinete Alves

; Duarte, Henrique da Silva Silveira

; Souza, Flávio França

; Ishikawa, Francine Hiromi

; Capucho, Alexandre Sandri

Ciência Rural

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2020, Volume 50 N. 10 elocation e20200281

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Neste estudo foi proposto o desenvolvimento e validação de uma escala diagramática (ED) para avaliar a severidade do oídio (Podosphaera xanthii) em folhas de melancia (Citrullus lanatus). A ED proposta possui 12 níveis de severidade, variando de 0,07 a 100%. A ED foi validada por 16 avaliadores inexperientes em avaliação de severidade de doenças de plantas. Inicialmente, as estimativas de severidade foram realizadas sem o uso da ED em folhas com diferentes níveis de severidade. No segundo momento, os mesmos avaliadores estimaram a severidade da doença usando a ED proposta. Pela análise da correlação concordante de Lin, houve melhoria na precisão (coeficiente de correlação, r = 0,787 e r = 0,959, sem e com o uso da ED, respectivamente) e acurácia (fator de correção do desvio, Cb = 0,830 e 0,982, sem e com o uso da ED, respectivamente) usando a ED quando comparado ao não uso da ED. O coeficiente de correlação concordante de Lin, ρc = 0,734 e 0,952 sem e com o uso da ED, respectivamente) também melhorou com o uso da ED. As estimativas de severidade tiveram melhoria na reprodutibilidade quando a ED foi usada (coeficiente de determinação, R2=0,681 e R2 = 0,864 sem e com o uso da ED, respectivamente; coeficiente de correlação intra-classe, ρ = 0,759 e ρ = 0,928, sem e com o uso da ED, respectivamente). Portanto, a ED melhorou a precisão, acurácia e reprodutibilidade das estimativas de severidade do oídio em folhas de melancia.

ABSTRACT: The development and validation of a standard area diagram set (SADs) was proposed in this study to assess the severity of powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii) in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) leaves. The SADs proposed has twelve levels of severity, varying from 0.07 to 100%. The SADs were validated by 16 raters who had no previous experience in evaluating plant disease severity. Initially, the estimation of severity was performed without the use of the SADs in leaves with different levels of severity. In a second moment, the same raters estimated the disease severity using the SADs proposed. By Lin’s concordance correlation analysis, there was an improvement in precision (coefficient of correlation, r = 0.878 and r = 0.959, without and with SADs, respectively) and accuracy (bias correction factor, Cb = 0.830 and 0.982, without and with SADs, respectively) using SADs when compared to the non-use of SADs. The agreement (Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, ρc = 0.734 and 0.952 without and with SADs, respectively) also improved using SADs. Severity estimates inter-rater were more reliable when using SADs (coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.681 without and R2 = 0.864 with SADs; Intra-class correlation coefficient, ρ = 0.759 and ρ = 0.928, without and with SADs, respectively). Therefore, SADs improved precision, accuracy and reliability of powdery mildew severity on watermelon leaves.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200281 672 downloads

10.

Agronomic performance of colored cotton influenced by irrigation with treated domestic sewage and potassium fertilization in semi-arid region of Brazil
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Lima, Breno Leonan de Carvalho

; e Silva, Ênio Farias de França

; Bezerra, José Renato Cortez

; da Silva, Gerônimo Ferreira

; Cruz, Flávio José Rodrigues

; dos Santos, Patrício Rinaldo

; Campeche, Luis Fernando de Souza Magno

DYNA

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jul 2019, Volume 86 N. 210 Pages 74 - 80

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Este estudio evaluó la contribución de la nutrición con potasio (K) y la aplicación de las láminas de las aguas residuales al rendimiento agronómico del algodón colorido. Los tratamientos consistieron en cinco láminas de riego (50, 75, 100, 125 y 150% de la evapotranspiración del cultivo - ETC) y cinco dosis de K (0, 50, 100, 150 y 200% de la recomendación del cultivo). Fue también utilizado un control absoluto de riego con lámina 100% de la ETC y fertilizado con una recomendación de 100% N-P-K. Así como los tratamientos el control también tuvo cuatro repeticiones. La altura de la planta, el diámetro del tallo, el área de la hoja y la acumulación de materia seca del algodón en los brotes se evaluaron a los 130 días después de la emergencia (DAE), mientras que el peso del algodón semilla, se evaluó a 135 DAE. Los resultados indican que el uso de aguas residuales domésticas tratadas para compensación del 100% de ETC promueve un mayor aumento de peso y crecimiento del algodón colorido sin la necesidad de fertilización con K, lo que evidencia el potencial de las aguas residuales para el algodón colorido para una agricultura sostenible.

Abstract This study evaluated the contribution of potassium (K) nutrition and application of wastewater depths to the agronomic performance of colored cotton. Treatments consisted of five irrigation depths (50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration - ETC) and five K doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200% of the recommendation for the crop) and an absolute control irrigated with 100% ETC water depth and fertilized with 100% N-P-K recommendation. Each treatment and the control had four replicates. Plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and shoot dry matter accumulation of cotton were evaluated at 130 days after emergence (DAE), whereas seed cotton weight was evaluated at 135 DAE. Our findings indicate that the use of treated domestic sewage for 100% ETC replacement promotes greater gains of weight and growth in colored cotton without the need for K fertilization, evidencing the potential of wastewater for colored cotton for sustainable agriculture.

https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n210.77022 572 downloads

11.

Níveis de substituição de ureia por esterco bovino na adubação de capim-marandu
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Gomes, Luan Souza de Paula

; Braz, Thiago Gomes dos Santos

; Mourthé, Mário Henrique França

; Paraíso, Humberto Alencar

; Pires Neto, Otaviano de Souza

; Silva, Flávio Emanuel Gomes

; Pereira, Luísa Rocha Ferreira

; Almeida, Brenner Queiroz

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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dec 2018, Volume 41 N. 4 Pages 41 - 50

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar a resposta produtiva e os ciclos de colheita do capim-marandu irrigado e adubado com combinações contendo ureia e esterco bovino em diferentes períodos. Utilizou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo com 5 tratamentos e 5 repetições. Foram testados cinco níveis de substituição da ureia por esterco bovino (0; 25; 50; 75 e 100% de esterco bovino) em três épocas de crescimento. O acúmulo de forragem total e de folhas com a inclusão do esterco em substituição a ureia reduziu em 59,24% e 61,23%, respectivamente. A produção acumulada e o número de ciclos de colheita decresceram com a inclusão de esterco bovino, de 44,7% e 46,66% respectivamente. As porcentagens de folha, colmo e morto foram influenciadas somente pela época, sendo os melhores resultados observados no segundo período. A produção acumulada e o número de ciclos de colheita decresceram com a inclusão de esterco bovino. A produção de forragem e os ciclos de colheita são afetados negativamente pela inclusão do esterco em substituição à ureia.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive response and harvest cycles of irrigated and fertilized marandu grass with combinations containing urea and bovine manure in different periods. A randomized complete block design was used, in a plot scheme subdivided in time with 5 treatments and 5 replications. Five levels of urea replacement by bovine manure (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% bovine manure) were tested at three growing seasons. The accumulation of forage and leaves with the inclusion of manure in substitution of urea decreased by 59.24% and 61.23%, respectively. The accumulated production and the number of harvest cycles decreased with the inclusion of bovine manure, 44.7% and 46.66%, respectively. The percentages of leaf, stem and dead were influenced only by the season, and the best results were observed in the second period. The accumulated production and the number of harvest cycles decreased with the inclusion of bovine manure. Forage production and harvest cycles are negatively affected by the inclusion of manure as a substitute for urea.

https://doi.org/10.19084/RCA17272 895 downloads

12.

Agronomic characterization and heterosis in watermelon genotypes
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Nascimento, Tiago Lima do

; Souza, Flávio de França

; Dias, Rita de Cássia Souza

; Silva, Edson Ferreira da

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

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apr 2018, Volume 48 N. 2 Pages 170 - 177

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Para o aumento da produtividade em hortaliças de interesse agronômico, tem sido realizado o estudo da heterose, devido à superioridade dos híbridos, em relação aos genótipos de polinização livre. Objetivou-se estimar a heterose relativa em híbridos de melancia para os principais caracteres de interesse agronômico, visando ao desenvolvimento de futuras cultivares. Foram utilizados os genótipos 'JNY', 'ORA', 'KOD', 'SOL', 'CHG', 'PEA' e todos os híbridos possíveis entre eles, totalizando 36 tratamentos. Empregou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados, com três repetições e parcelas com cinco plantas. Os genitores 'ORA', 'SOL', 'CHG' e 'PEA' apresentaram-se promissores para o desenvolvimento de híbridos de maior massa, enquanto 'JNY' e 'KOD' proporcionaram combinações com menor massa de fruto e sementes pequenas, indicando o seu potencial para o desenvolvimento de cultivares do tipo "mini". Os híbridos 'CHG x ORA' e 'ORA x CHG' foram promissores para atender a demanda de mercado por frutos maiores, enquanto 'KOD x JNY' e 'JNY x KOD' podem ser destinados à comercialização de frutos menores.

ABSTRACT In order to increase the yield of vegetables of agronomic interest, heterosis has been studied in view of the superiority of hybrids, if compared to genotypes obtained by free pollination. This study aimed to estimate the relative heterosis in watermelon hybrids, regarding the most important agronomic traits, in order to develop future cultivars. The genotypes 'JNY', 'ORA', 'KOD', 'SOL', 'CHG', 'PEA' and all hybrids among them were used, totaling 36 treatments. A randomized block design, with three replications and five-plant plots, was used. The genotypes 'ORA', 'SOL', 'CHG' and 'PEA' were promising for the development of watermelon hybrids with higher weight, whereas 'JNY' and 'KOD' provided combinations with lower fruit weight and smaller seeds, indicating their potential for the development of cultivars of the 'ice box' type. The hybrids 'CHG x ORA' and 'ORA x CHG' were promising to meet the market demand for larger fruits, while 'KOD x JNY' and 'JNY x KOD' could be targeted to the market of smaller fruits.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632018v4851779 763 downloads

13.

Progresso genético da produtividade de café beneficiado com a seleção de clones de cafeeiro 'Conilon'
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Ramalho, André Rostand

; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros

; Souza, Flávio França

; Veneziano, Wilson

; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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sep 2016, Volume 47 N. 3 Pages 516 - 523

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A espécie Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner possui ampla distribuição geográfica, com ocorrência em regiões tropicais de diversos continentes. Aproximadamente 30% da produção brasileira de café é proveniente do cultivo dessa espécie, sendo que o Estado de Rondónia se destaca como seu segundo maior produtor. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar os parâmetros genéticos com a seleção de clones de C. canephora, da variedade botânica 'Conilon', visando caracterizar a variabilidade genética e estimar o progresso genético da produtividade de café beneficiado. A análise de variância da produção de café beneficiado evidenciou que a fonte de variação "clones" foi significativa nas safras avaliadas, de acordo com o teste F a 1% de significância. A predominância do componente genético na expressão dessa característica, associado a uma boa precisão experimental, indica a possibilidade de obtenção de ganhos com a seleção de plantas. O progresso genético da produção de café beneficiado com o plantio dos clones selecionados foi de 57,85%, que equivale a um aumento na média em quatro anos de 44,75 sacas ha-1, para 70,64 sacas ha-1. Além do incremento na produtividade de grãos, os clones de ciclo intermediário selecionados favorecem a concentração da colheita e a redução dos custos operacionais.

ABSTRACT The species Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner is geographically widely distributed, occurring in the tropical regions of several continents. Cultivation of the species accounts for approximately 30% of coffee production in Brazil, with the state of Rondonia being the second largest producer. The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters in the selection of clones of the 'Conilon' variety of C. canephora, seeking to characterise genetic variability and estimate genetic gain in the productivity of processed coffee. Analysis of variance of the production of processed coffee demonstrated that, according to F-test at a level of 1%, the source of variation, clones, was significant in the crops being evaluated. A predominance of the genetic component in the expression of this characteristic, together with good experimental precision, indicates the possibility of obtaining gains from plant selection. Genetic gain in the production of processed coffee from the planting of selected clones was 57.85%, which is equal to an average increase over four years of from 44.75 bags ha-1 to 70.64 bags ha-1. Aside from the increase in grain productivity, selecting clones with an intermediate cycle contributes to concentrating the harvest and reducing operating costs.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20160062 2660 downloads

14.

Characterization of Enzymatic profiles of Aedes aegypti strains from the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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Nunes, Renan Flávio de França

; Souza, Marcos Antonio de

; Oliveira, Jéssica Costa de

; Grangeiro, Richardeson Fagner de Oliveira

; Marinho, Maria Jocileide de Medeiros

; Pereira, Wogelsanger Oliveira

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jan 2016, Volume 21 N. 1 Pages 285 - 292

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este estudo foi realizado em quatro cepas de mosquitos Aedes aegypti da cidade de Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, com o intuito de avaliar os perfis de atividade enzimática e correlacioná-los com os mecanismos bioquímicos de resistência a inseticidas. Mosquitos foram utilizados para quantificar as seguintes enzimas de detoxificação: oxidase de Função Mista (MFO), PNPA-esterase (PNPA-EST) e acetilcolinesterase (AChE). Os perfis das populações foram comparados estatisticamente com os da cepa Rockefeller por meio do teste de Kruskal-Wallis e do de comparações múltiplas de Dunn (p < 0,05). O percentil 99 dos valores de atividade enzimática da cepa referência foi calculado para cada enzima, e o percentual de indivíduos acima desse valor foi quantificado. As atividades enzimáticas foram classificadas como “Inalterada” (< 15%), “Alteração Identificada” (> 15% e < 50%), e “Substancialmente Alterada” (> 50%). A análise estatística revelou diferenças significativas nos perfis de MFO e AChE, que são fundamentais na determinação de perfis de resistência a inseticidas. Três populações foram classificadas como “Substancialmente Alteradas” para MFO. Os níveis alterados de atividade enzimática demonstram que essa mudança pode desempenhar um importante papel na resistência a inseticidas.

Abstract This study was conducted in four strains of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes to evaluate the enzymatic activity profiles in the city of Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, and correlate them with biochemical mechanisms of resistance to insecticides. Mosquitos were used to quantify the following detoxification enzymes: Mixed-Function Oxidase (MFO), PNPA-esterase (PNPA-EST), and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The profiles were compared statistically with profiles from the Rockefeller strain, through the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's multiple comparisons (p < 0.05). The 99 percentile of the values of enzyme activity from the reference strain was calculated for each enzyme, and the percentage of individuals above the 99 percentile was quantified. The enzyme activities were classified as “Unchanged” (< 15%), “Identified change” (> 15% and < 50%), and “Substantially changed” (> 50%). The statistical analysis revealed significant differences in the MFO and AChE profiles, which are fundamental in the determination of profiles of resistance to insecticides. Three populations were classified as “Substantially changed” for MFO. The altered enzymatic activity showed that the changes could have an important role in exposing resistance to insecticides.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232015211.15052014 2517 downloads

15.

Characterization of Enzymatic profiles of Aedes aegypti strains from the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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Nunes, Renan Flávio de França

; Souza, Marcos Antonio de

; Oliveira, Jéssica Costa de

; Grangeiro, Richardeson Fagner de Oliveira

; Marinho, Maria Jocileide de Medeiros

; Pereira, Wogelsanger Oliveira

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jan 2016, Volume 21 N. 1 Pages 285 - 292

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232015211.15052014 730 downloads

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