Abstract Introduction: México has a high rate of teenage pregnancy, which symbolizes a risk to the health and socio-economic development of this group. The prevention of a second pregnancy at this stage is relevant to improve quality of life. Objective: To explore the social representations of prenatal contraceptive counseling based on the experiences and expectations of pregnant adolescents and health providers in a second level care hospital. Methodology: Qualitative study based on Serge Moscovici’s Social Representations Theory with ten primiparous adolescents in any quarter of pregnancy and seven health providers, adolescents without pregnancy condition were excluded. We used semi-structured interviews recorded and analyzed in their integrity through fluctuating reading by two researchers, the discourse of the proposed thematic axes was contrasted. Integrity, confidentiality, and autonomy were respected. Results: The realities represented by adolescents showed a need for knowledge, values, respect, kindness, and patience. Providers evoked paternalistic counseling, but with recognition of focused counseling and reproductive rights. Conclusion: More participants stated that the ideal time to receive counseling is during pregnancy, since pregnant adolescents expressed the need to receive information and have more time lapse between their pregnancies. The expectations of the Prenatal Contraceptive Counseling (CAP by its acronym in Spanish) differed in terms of values to give rise to a paternalistic attitude on the part of the health provider and the preference of adolescents for counseling based on respect, honesty, and trust, among others.

Abstrato Introdução: O México tem um alto índice de gravidez na adolescência, o que simboliza um risco para a saúde e o desenvolvimento socioeconômico desse grupo. A prevenção de uma segunda gravidez nesta fase é relevante para melhorar sua qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Explorar as representações sociais do aconselhamento contraceptivo pré-natal a partir das experiências e expectativas de gestantes adolescentes e profissionais de saúde em um segundo nível de atenção hospitalar. Metodologia: Estudo qualitativo baseado na Teoria das Representações Sociais de Serge Moscovici com dez adolescentes primíparas em qualquer trimestre da gravidez e sete profissionais de saúde; foram excluídas as adolescentes sem condições de gravidez. Foram utilizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas gravadas e analisadas em sua integridade por meio da leitura flutuante de dois pesquisadores, contrastando o discurso dos eixos temáticos propostos. Integridade, confidencialidade e autonomia foram respeitadas. Resultados: As realidades representadas pelos adolescentes mostraram necessidade de conhecimento, valores, respeito, gentileza e paciência. Os prestadores evocaram aconselhamento paternalista, más com reconhecimento de aconselhamento focado e direitos reprodutivos. Conclusão: Um número maior de participantes afirmou que o momento ideal para receber aconselhamento é durante a gravidez, pois as adolescentes grávidas expressaram a necessidade de receber informações e de ter mais tempo entre as gestações. As expectativas da aconselhamento contraceptivo pré-natal (CAP, na sigla em espanhol) diferiram quanto aos valores para dar lugar a uma atitude paternalista por parte do provedor de saúde e a preferência das adolescentes por uma assessoria baseada no respeito, honestidade, confiança, entre outros

Resumen Introducción: México presenta una tasa elevada de embarazo adolescente lo que simboliza un riesgo a la salud y desarrollo socioeconómico de este grupo. La prevención de un segundo embarazo en esta etapa es relevante para mejorar su calidad de vida. Objetivo: Explorar las representaciones sociales de la consejería anticonceptiva prenatal a partir de las experiencias y expectativas de adolescentes gestantes y proveedores de salud en un hospital de segundo nivel de atención. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo basado en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales de Serge Moscovici con diez adolescentes primíparas en cualquier trimestre de embarazo y siete proveedores de salud, se excluyeron adolescentes sin condición de embarazo. Se utilizó entrevista semiestructurada grabadas y analizadas en su integridad mediante lectura fluctuante realizada por dos investigadores, se contrastó el discurso de los ejes temáticos propuesto. Se respetó la integridad, confidencialidad y autonomía. Resultados: Las realidades representadas por las adolescentes mostraron necesidad de conocimientos, valores, respeto, amabilidad y paciencia. Los proveedores evocaron una consejería paternalista, pero con reconocimiento de una consejería focalizada y derechos reproductivos. Conclusión: Las experiencias similares de los participantes fueron que el momento ideal para recibir la consejería es durante el embarazo, en virtud de que las adolescentes embarazadas manifestaron necesidad de recibir información y espaciar sus embarazos. Las expectativas de la consejería anticonceptiva prenatal difirieron en los valores para dar lugar a una actitud paternalista por parte del proveedor de salud y la preferencia de las adolescentes por una consejería basada en el respeto, honestidad, confianza, entre otros.

Resumen: Se investigó la factibilidad de utilizar el ensayo de flexión de vigas Semicirculares (SCB, del inglés Semi Circular Bending Test) para monitorear y controlar la calidad del hormigón para su aplicación en pavimentos. Se fabricaron dos mezclas de hormigón con resistencias a la compresión especificadas de 30 MPa y 40 MPa incorporando cemento de alta resistencia. Los resultados del ensayo SCB se correlacionaron con la resistencia a la flexión de vigas estandarizadas y la resistencia a la compresión de cilindros. Se realizó un análisis estadístico de bondad de ajuste de todos los modelos empíricos obtenidos para estudiar el grado de asociación entre las variables. El modelo de correlación potencial resultó ser el más apropiado para relacionar las propiedades mecánicas estudiadas, con coeficientes de correlación de Pearson superiores a 0,93. Estas ecuaciones pueden ser utilizadas para alimentar la base de datos de los niveles 1 y 2 del método de diseño Mecanicista-Empirico (ME) para pavimentos de concreto. También se hallaron modelos con valores únicos que permiten cálculos rápidos con buena precisión. Los resultados muestran que el ensayo SCB es una opción promisoria a la hora de estimar la resistencia a flexión del hormigón para uso en pavimento, así como para realizar su control y aseguramiento de calidad.

Abstract: The feasibility of using the Semicircular Bending (SCB) test to control the quality of concrete for application in pavements was investigated. Two concrete mixtures incorporating high-strength cement with specified compressive strengths of 30 MPa and 40 MPa were manufactured. The results of the SCB test were correlated with those of the flexural strength of standardized beams and the compressive strength of cylinders. A statistical analysis of the goodness of fit of all the empirical models obtained was conducted to study the degree of association between the variables. Power models were the most appropriate to relate the mechanical properties studied, with Pearson's correlation coefficients higher than 0.93. These equations can feed the database of levels 1 and 2 of the Mechanistic-Empirical (ME) design method for concrete pavements. Models with unique values that allow quick calculations with good precision were also found. The results show that the SCB test is a promising option when estimating the flexural strength of concrete for use in pavement, as well as carrying out its control and quality assurance.

RESUMEN El desarrollo profesional en la escuela básica, como evidencia del nivel de desempeño profesional pedagógico, es objeto de atención en contextos nacionales y locales centrados en la elevación de la calidad educativa al considerar las exigencias de la Agenda 2030. Resulta necesario que el docente asuma el reto fijado desde la concreción de los objetivos en cada sistema nacional de educación en su derivación para la escuela básica. Desde una perspectiva dialéctico-materialista se utilizan los métodos: análisis documental, encuesta, entrevista y se aplica la triangulación metodológica para favorecer el desempeño profesional pedagógico observable en el sistema de relaciones de la institución, educandos y familias en el tránsito hacia el desarrollo profesional que se aspira proponer un resultado científico que desde las acciones de preparación. En tal sentido, el artículo socializa los elementos relativos al proceso de profesionalización que propician el desarrollo profesional desde el desempeño profesional pedagógico en la escuela básica a partir de elementos generales y contextuales que previo diagnóstico inicial, ofrecen la base para proponer una estrategia pedagógica. Como resultado se establecen los elementos multifactoriales que influyen en el desarrollo profesional a partir de la estrategia pedagógica postgraduada potencia desempeños exitosos en las funciones de instruir y educar.

ABSTRACT Professional development in basic school, as evidence of the level of professional pedagogical performance, is the object of attention in national and local contexts focused on raising educational quality when considering the demands of the 2030 Agenda. It is necessary for the teacher to assume the challenge set from the realization of the objectives in each national education system in its derivation to basic school. From a dialectical-materialist perspective, the methods are used: documentary analysis, survey, interview and methodological triangulation is applied to promote professional pedagogical performance observable in the system of relationships of the institution, students and families in the transition towards professional development that. The aim is to propose a scientific result from the preparatory actions. In this sense, the article socializes the elements related to the professionalization process that promote professional development from professional pedagogical performance in basic school based on general and contextual elements that, after an initial diagnosis, offer the basis for proposing a pedagogical strategy. As a result, the multifactorial elements that influence professional development are established based on the postgraduate pedagogical strategy that enhances successful performances in the functions of instructing and educating.

Abstract In this article, when there are now new perspectives in the Writing of History and the “reflexive turn” and the “historiographic turn” allow the “Theory of history as Historiography” to be forged one more possibility, a desire, a promise whose access key is. It is necessary to know what you want, to do with the notion of Archaeo-writing. Historicize the temporal plurality of the Theory of History from the question: What can we expect in the deferred writings of Archaeo-writing? Expect equivocal writings in Derridean key of the Theory of History as Historiography. An impossible possibility yesterday. Writings created to examine the metaphysics of presence in historiography, knowing that they will not be able to formulate a “Theory of History” with the sole Derridean signature because “the real” resists being domesticated and incorporated into a single theoretical thought.

Resumen Cuando ahora las formas de hacer historia materializan una multiplicidad de grafías, y el giro reflexivo y el giro historiográfico nos permiten idear las historias de las teorías de la historia en una posibilidad más, en este ensayo se presenta un deseo, una promesa cuya llave de acceso precisa saber lo que pretende la locución arqueoescritura. Esbozos y trazas de la teoría de la historia en cuestión: ¿qué cabe esperar en las escrituras diferidas de la arqueoescritura? Escrituras equívocas en clave derridiana de la teoría de la historia como historiografía. Una posibilidad imposible aplazada. Escrituras para examinar la metafísica de la presencia en la historiografía, conscientes de que no podrán formular una teoría de la historia en la única firma derridiana, porque lo real se resiste a ser domado e incorporado al impar filosófico derridiano.

Abstract In Mexico, there is a lack in academic research about bisexual Health-Disease-Attention process. This paper analyzes the main problems about health-disease for bisexual people with a Social Medicine and a Collective Health approach. In order to do this analysis, this paper offers a systematization of research’s discoveries related to the Health-Disease-Attention process in bisexual people. Problems on health-disease for bisexual people include worse mental health conditions in comparison to gay and lesbian people. As psychologists have few contextualized knowledge about bisexual health-disease situations, then they cannot adequately respond to bisexual people needs. Bisexual Health-Disease-Attention process is an historical and social product where the lack of visibility and the negative valuation functions as mechanisms to regulate people’s sexuality, which can be reproduced in Health-Attention places, such as Mental Health ones.

Resumen En México, los estudios académicos sobre el proceso salud-enfermedad-atención (SEA) de personas bisexuales son escasos. En este trabajo se analizan las problemáticas de salud-enfermedad-atención de personas bisexuales a partir de los planteamientos teóricos de la medicina social y la salud colectiva. Para ello, se ubicaron y sistematizaron hallazgos de investigaciones donde se presentan datos relacionados con el proceso salud-enfermedad-atención de personas bisexuales. Las personas bisexuales presentan mayores daños a la salud mental en comparación con personas gays y lesbianas, los proveedores de servicios psicológicos poseen pocos conocimientos contextualizados sobre las situaciones de salud de personas bisexuales para responder adecuadamente a sus necesidades. El proceso salud-enfermedad-atención de personas bisexuales es producto de un proceso sociohistórico donde la invisibilización y la valoración negativa operan como mecanismos para regular el ejercicio de su sexualidad, los cuales pueden reproducirse en espacios de atención a su salud, como los destinados al abordaje de su salud mental.

ABSTRACT: Capsicum chinense, is a species of chili native to Peru, considered a culinary symbol in the La Libertad region, for its culinary characteristics, such as its distinctive aroma, high heat, uniform fruits, attractive color and significant resistance to pests, in addition to require little care during cultivation. Given the need to carry out research that favors the improvement of cultivable species, the research objective was to determine the correlation between the development of the floral bud and the stage from uninucleate to binucleate in Capsicum chinense "ají mochero". This activity was carried out by staining the anthers of 200 randomly selected ají mochero floral buds with the acetic orcein dye. The results revealed that the floral buds of Capsicum chinense "ají mochero" that are related to the uninucleate microspore phase have lengths ranging between 3.744 and 3.976 millimeters, with diameters of 2.644 to 2.828 millimeters. Similarly, the floral buds associated with the binucleate microspore phase are found in the length range of 4.674 to 4.917 millimeters and diameters of 2.923 to 3.001 millimeters. It is concluded that There is a positive correlation between the development of the floral bud and the binucleate stage of C. chinense "ají mochero", therefore, buds that have a corolla slightly smaller than the calyx are ideal for initiating an androgenesis process, which would contribute to the genetic improvement of C. chinense by obtaining pure lines.

RESUMEN: Capsicum chinense es una especie de ají originario de Perú, considerado un símbolo culinario en la región de La Libertad, por sus características culinarias, como su aroma distintivo, alto picor, frutos uniformes, atractivo color y una resistencia significativa a plagas, además de requerir pocos cuidados durante su cultivo. Ante la necesidad de realizar investigaciones que favorezcan con el mejoramiento de especies cultivables, se planteó como objetivo de investigación determinar la correlación entre desarrollo del pimpollo floral y el estadio de uninucleado a binucleado en Capsicum chinense "ají mochero”. Esta actividad se llevó a cabo mediante la tinción de anteras de 200 capullos florales de ají mochero seleccionados al azar, con la colorante orceína acética. Los resultados revelaron que los pimpollos florales de Capsicum chinense "ají mochero" que están relacionados con la fase de microsporas uninucleadas tienen longitudes que oscilan entre 3,744 y 3,976 milímetros, con diámetros de 2,644 a 2,828 milímetros. De manera similar, los pimpollos florales asociados con la fase de microsporas binucleadas se encuentran en el rango de longitud de 4,674 a 4,917 milímetros y diámetros de 2,923 a 3,001 milímetros. Se concluye que existe una correlación positiva entre el desarrollo del pimpollo floral y el estadío a binucleado de C. chinense "ají mochero", por tanto, los pimpollos que poseen corola ligeramente más pequeña que el cáliz, son ideales para iniciar un proceso de androgénesis, el cual contribuiría con el mejoramiento genético de C. chinense al obtenerse líneas puras.

ABSTRACT This paper offers a quantitative explanation of the employment dynamics in the technology-based sectors and companies (tbs) of the network of Central-Northeast cities of Mexico (T-MEC network). The research questions are: Where, how much, in what tbs, and why did employment change in the T-MEC network, in its nodes, and its micro spaces, between 2015 and 2020? The method was the Spatial Shift-Share Analysis. It explains the performance of tbs employment as a multi-scale space-sector system. Medium cities are more efficient in producing tbs jobs than cities with higher populations and tbs employment, which shows the economic strength. The network depends on the Electronic Sector and manufacture of vehicular equipment. If the sector fails, the network collapses. The paper reveals which region, city and municipality offers greater/less competitive advantages, to what type of companies by sector and activity. It suggests some policy lines to leverage the network.

RESUMEN Explicamos cuantitativamente la dinámica del empleo en sectores y empresas de base tecnológica (SBT) de la Red de ciudades Centro-Noreste de México. Las preguntas de investigación son: ¿dónde, cuánto, en qué SBT y por qué cambió el empleo en la Red, sus nodos y sus microespacios, entre 2015 y 2020? El método fue el análisis de cambio y participación espacial. Exponemos el desempeño del empleo SBT como un sistema espacio-sectorial multiescalar. Las ciudades medias son más eficientes en la producción de empleos SBT que ciudades con mayor población y empleo SBT, lo que demuestra su fortaleza económica. La Red depende del sector electrónico y fabricación de equipo vehicular. Si el sector cae, la Red se desmorona. Develamos qué región, ciudad y municipio ofrece mayores/menores ventajas competitivas, a qué tipo de empresas por sector y actividad. Sugerimos algunas líneas de política para apalancar la Red.

ABSTRACT Secondary metabolites of Capsicum spp. have biological activity, which can be modified by external factors as the amount of incident light and soil water availability during crop growing, and by internal factors as fruit ripeness level. The study aim was to determine by HPLC method the phytochemical profile of C. annuum L. var. glabriusculum (Dunal) Heiser & Pickersgill (AMA and GAR genotypes) and C. frutescens L. (PIP genotype) grown under open sky and 70% shade during dry and rainy harvest season. Phytochemicals were affected by genotype, light level, harvest season, and fruit ripeness level. Phytochemicals number changed among genotypes: PIP > AMA> GAR. In immature fruits AMA (4.74 mg g-1) and GAR (3.83 mg g-1) had highest capsaicin content; and PIP (0.43 (g g-1), AMA (0.18 (g g-1) and GAR (0.14 (g g-1) in lutein content in all harvest seasons and light level conditions studied. In mature fruits, PIP had the highest capsaicin (5.77 mg g-1) and β-carotene (0.45 (g g-1) content. Gallic and syringic acids were major constituents of phenolics acids, and quercetin and rutin for flavonoids. Mature and immature fruits from 70% shade showed the quercetin highest content (108.4-160.02 (g g-1), increasing during dry season (180.9-1368.6 (g g-1). Gallic acid (789.3-1076.7 (g g-1) and rutin (114.0 (g g-1) increased in AMA immature fruits when grown under open sky. Ferulic acid was not detected in GAR under any of the conditions studied. In AMA, ferulic, protocatechuic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids were detected only in rainy season fruits in both light levels. The harvest season and shading level of these Capsicum spp. should be considered when evaluating the biological activity of chili peppers fruits extracts in tropical crops.

Abstract In sampling of pests with low densities, it is common to obtain a large number of zeros, which is difficult to manage since the Poisson and negative binomial probability distributions are not suitable for modeling and equations to estimate the optimal sample size are not available. In this study model the excess of zeros by estimating parameters through the methods of moments and maximum likelihood of the zero-inflated Poisson and zero-inflated negative binomial distributions, and to derive equations to calculate the optimal sample size. Systematic sampling was used to select 100 trees per grove of Río Red grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macfad) at Finca Sayula, Veracruz, Mexico (latitude 19.20722, longitude -96.35194), from June to July 2021 and January 2022. The number of leafminers (Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton) and aphids (Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy) present in three leaves per shoot per tree, considered as a sample unit, was counted. Simulations were performed in RStudio with different proportions of zero (0.1, 0.4, and 0.6) to compare the parameters obtained in the field using the methods of moments and maximum likelihood. Equations were derived to estimate the optimal sample size in studies of pests with low densities, based on the zero-inflated Poisson and zero-inflated negative binomial probability distributions. The method of moments yields optimal sample sizes smaller than those obtained by maximum likelihood, because they distinguish the origin from zero, so its use is recommended.

Resumen En muestreos de plagas con densidades bajas es común obtener gran cantidad de ceros, lo que es difícil de manejar, ya que las distribuciones de probabilidad Poisson y binomial negativa no son adecuadas para su modelación y no se dispone de ecuaciones para estimar el tamaño de muestra óptimo. En este estudio se modelo el exceso de ceros mediante la estimación de parámetros a través de los métodos de momentos y de máxima verosimilitud de las distribuciones Poisson cero inflado y binomial negativa cero inflado, y derivar ecuaciones para calcular el tamaño de muestra óptima. Se utilizó muestreo sistemático para seleccionar 100 árboles por huerto de toronja (Citrus paradisi Macfad) Río Red, en la Finca Sayula, Veracruz, México (latitud 19.20722, longitud -96.35194), de junio a julio 2021 y enero 2022. Se contó el número de minadores (Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton) y pulgones (Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy) presentes en tres hojas por brote por árbol, consideradas como unidad muestral. Se realizaron simulaciones en RStudio con diferentes proporciones de cero (0.1, 0.4 y 0.6) para comparar los parámetros obtenidos en campo, mediante el método de los momentos y máxima verosimilitud. Se derivaron ecuaciones para estimar el tamaño de muestra óptimo en estudios de plagas con densidades bajas, a partir de las distribuciones de probabilidad Poisson cero inflado y binomial negativa cero inflado. El método de los momentos arroja tamaños de muestra óptimos menores a aquellos obtenidos mediante máxima verosimilitud, debido a que distinguen el origen del cero, por lo que se recomienda su uso.

ABSTRACT This investigation tests the impact of work-to-family and family-to-work enrichment on job satisfaction and affective commitment. Also, it analyzes the impact of job satisfaction on affective commitment and the impact of job satisfaction and affective commitment on turnover intention. The investigation is based on a Spanish multisectoral sample of employed workers. The results confirmed all the model relationships except the impact of work-to-family enrichment on job satisfaction and affective commitment. Nor did they confirm the association between job satisfaction and turnover intention. Furthermore, managerial implications are derived to curb turnover intention through family-friendly policies that promote affective commitment and job satisfaction by means of work-family enrichment. worktofamily work family familytowork Also workers Furthermore familyfriendly friendly workfamily

RESUMO Esta investigação testa o efeito do enriquecimento trabalho-a-família e família-ao-trabalho na satisfação profissional e no compromisso afetivo. Analisa igualmente o efeito da satisfação profissional no compromisso afetivo, e os efeitos da satisfação profissional e do compromisso afetivo na intenção de abandono. A investigação baseia-se numa amostra multissetorial de trabalhadores espanhóis. Os resultados confirmaram todas as relações do modelo, exceto o efeito do enriquecimento trabalho-a-família na satisfação profissional e no compromisso afetivo. Também não confirmaram a relação entre satisfação e intenção de abandono. Da mesma forma, derivam-se implicações gerenciais destinadas a coibir a intenção de abandono por meio de políticas family-friendly que promovam o compromisso afetivo e a satisfação profissional por meio do enriquecimento trabalho-família. trabalhoafamília trabalho família famíliaaotrabalho ao baseiase baseia se espanhóis modelo forma derivamse derivam familyfriendly family friendly trabalhofamília. trabalhofamília família. trabalho-família

RESUMEN Esta investigation testa el efecto del enriquecimiento trabajo-a-familia y familia-a-trabajo sobre la satisfacción laboral y el compromiso afectivo. También analiza el efecto de la satisfacción laboral sobre el compromiso afectivo, y los efectos de la satisfacción laboral y el compromiso afectivo sobre la intención de abandono. La investigación se basa en una muestra multisectorial de trabajadores españoles. Los resultados confirmaron todas las relaciones del modelo salvo el impacto del enriquecimiento trabajo-a-familia sobre satisfacción laboral y el compromiso afectivo. Tampoco confirmaron la asociación de satisfacción con intención de abandono. Igualmente, se derivan implicaciones gerenciales dirigidas a frenar la intención de abandono mediante políticas family-friendly que promuevan el compromiso afectivo y la satisfacción laboral por medio del enriquecimiento trabajo-familia. trabajoafamilia trabajo familia familiaatrabajo españoles Igualmente familyfriendly family friendly trabajofamilia. trabajofamilia familia. trabajo-familia

Resumo Introdução A inclusão de fisioterapeutas é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de diretrizes de prática clínica (DPCs) abrangentes para o gerenciamento de condições de saúde relacionadas ao movimento prejudicado e à capacidade funcional. A metodologia usada para desenvolver essas diretrizes pode influenciar a extensão de sua inclusão. Objetivo Avaliar a associação entre a metodologia de desenvolvimento e a inclusão de fisioterapeutas nas DPCs para o programa de Garantias Explícitas de Saúde (GES) do Ministério da Saúde do Chile (ChMH). Além disso, para as DPCs desenvolvidas usando a estrutura Evidence to Decision (EtD), objetivou-se examinar a associação entre a inclusão de fisioterapeutas no painel de especialistas e a geração de recomendações relevantes para sua prática clínica. Métodos Realizou-se um estudo transversal para analisar 148 DPCs desenvolvidas pelo ChMH até dezembro de 2022. As DPCs foram recuperadas do site oficial do ChMH, que hospeda DPCs desenvolvidas com o ChMH original e aquelas produzidas usando a estrutura EtD. Resultados O uso da metodologia baseada na estrutura de EtD para o desenvolvimento de DPCs foi significativamente associada a uma maior probabilidade de inclusão de fisioterapeutas no painel de especialistas (OR 3,62; IC 95% 1,76 a 7,43). Além disso, a inclusão de fisioterapeutas em DPCs desenvolvidas com a metodologia baseada na estrutura EtD foi significativamente associada a uma maior probabilidade de recomendações relacionadas à sua prática clínica (OR 18,41; IC 95% 3,80 a 89,09). Conclusão A metodologia baseada na estrutura de EtD para o desenvolvimento de DPCs do programa GES projetadas pelo ChMH provavelmente contribuiu para a inclusão de fisioterapeutas nos painéis de especialistas e facilitou o desenvolvimento de recomendações relevantes para suas intervenções. (DPCs funcional (GES ChMH. . (ChMH) disso EtD, , (EtD) objetivouse objetivou se Realizouse Realizou 14 2022 OR 3,62 362 3 62 95 176 1 76 1,7 7,43. 743 7,43 7 43 7,43) 18,41 1841 18 41 380 80 3,8 89,09. 8909 89,09 89 09 89,09) intervenções (ChMH (EtD 202 3,6 36 6 9 17 1, 74 7,4 4 18,4 184 38 8 3, 890 89,0 0 20 7, 18, 89, 2

Abstract Introduction Including physiotherapists is crucial for developing comprehensive clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) to manage health conditions related to impaired movement and functional capacity. The methodology used to develop these guidelines may influence the extent of their inclusion. Objective To assess the association between the development methodology and the inclusion of physiotherapists in CPGs for the Explicit Health Guarantees (GES) program of the Chilean Ministry of Health (ChMH). Additionally, for CPGs developed using the Evidence to Decision (EtD) framework, we aimed to examine the association between the inclusion of physiotherapists on the expert panel and the generation of recommendations relevant to their clinical practice. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze 148 CPGs developed by the ChMH up to December 2022. The CPGs were retrieved from the official ChMH website, which hosts CPGs developed with the original ChMH and those produced using the EtD framework. Results The use of the EtD framework-based methodology for CPG development was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of including physiotherapists in the expert panel (OR 3.62; CI 95% 1.76 to 7.43). Moreover, the inclusion of physiotherapists in CPGs developed with the EtD framework-based methodology was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of generating recommendations related to their clinical practice (OR 18.41; CI 95% 3.80 to 89.09). Conclusion The EtD framework-based methodology for developing CPGs of the GES program designed by the ChMH likely contributed to the inclusion of physiotherapists on expert panels and facilitated the development of recommendations relevant to their interventions. (CPGs capacity (GES ChMH. . (ChMH) Additionally (EtD framework crosssectional cross sectional 14 2022 website frameworkbased based OR 3.62 362 3 62 95 176 1 76 1.7 7.43. 743 7.43 7 43 7.43) Moreover 18.41 1841 18 41 380 80 3.8 89.09. 8909 89.09 89 09 89.09) interventions (ChMH 202 3.6 36 6 9 17 1. 74 7.4 4 18.4 184 38 8 3. 890 89.0 0 20 7. 18. 89. 2

ABSTRACT Recent research indicates that public and private organizations worldwide face cybersecurity breaches due to a need for more cybersecurity awareness among their employees. This study assesses the cybersecurity culture in different organizations across various sectors in Leon City, Mexico. For this purpose, an evaluation process was implemented, which involved anonymous online surveys among employees from multiple sectors, including service companies, wholesale trade businesses, manufacturing industries, construction companies, and retail trade establishments. The study took place in 2022 and achieved a response rate of 73.33% from employees across the participating organizations. The findings underscore the necessity of fostering a robust cybersecurity culture within Leon City organizations, which entails implementing ongoing security awareness training programs to empower employees with the knowledge and skills to mitigate cyber risks effectively. Analyzing the results reveals valuable insights regarding the countermeasures implemented by organizations in Leon City to strengthen their cybersecurity defenses and minimize the risk surface. These insights enhance cybersecurity strategies and fortify the overall security posture of organizations operating in Leon City.

RESUMEN Investigaciones recientes indican que organizaciones públicas y privadas en todo el mundo enfrentan brechas de ciberseguridad debido a la falta de conciencia de ciberseguridad entre sus empleados. Este estudio evalúa la cultura de ciberseguridad en diversas organizaciones de varios sectores en la ciudad de León, México. Con este propósito, se implementó un proceso de evaluación que incluyó encuestas en línea anónimas entre empleados de múltiples sectores, como empresas de servicios, negocios mayoristas, industrias manufactureras, empresas de construcción y establecimientos de comercio minorista. El estudio se llevó a cabo en 2022 y logró una tasa de respuesta del 73,33% de empleados de las organizaciones participantes. Los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de fomentar una sólida cultura de ciberseguridad dentro de las organizaciones en la ciudad de León, lo cual implica implementar programas continuos de capacitación en conciencia de seguridad para dotar a los empleados de los conocimientos y habilidades necesarios para mitigar de manera efectiva los riesgos cibernéticos. Al analizar los resultados, surgen percepciones valiosas sobre las contramedidas implementadas por las organizaciones en León para fortalecer sus defensas de ciberseguridad y minimizar la superficie de riesgo. Estas percepciones mejoran las estrategias de ciberseguridad y fortalecen la postura de seguridad general de las organizaciones que operan en la ciudad de León.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Diabetic people have between two and three times more risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than those who do not suffer from the disease. Objective: To estimate cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated in a Health Area. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out on 103 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, belonging to the Family Medical Office No. 23 of the Carlos J. Finlay polyclinic, Songo-La Maya municipality, Santiago de Cuba province, from January to December 2023. Qualitative variables and quantitative (age, year of diagnosis and duration of the disease) were studied; Cardiovascular risk was estimated according to the model for predicting cardiovascular risk in people with type 2 diabetes. Results: A predominance of the female sex was observed (58.3%). Most patients had arterial hypertension (76.0%) and microalbuminuria (31.2%). The average age of the patients was 65.5 years and on average they had a duration of diabetes of 8.6 years. The cardiovascular risk evaluation placed 43.3% of the population at a moderate level and 25.7% at high risk. Conclusions: The diabetic patients studied showed a moderate to high risk of presenting cardiovascular events. It is necessary to carry out educational interventions in these patients and their families to achieve favorable changes in lifestyles and improve disease control, thus preventing complications and the occurrence of fatal events in the coming years.

RESUMEN Introducción: Las personas diabéticas tienen entre dos y tres veces más riesgo de morbilidad y mortalidad cardiovascular que aquellas que no padecen la enfermedad. Objetivo: Estimar el riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 atendidos en un Área de Salud. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y trasversal de 103 pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, pertenecientes al Consultorio Médico de la Familia No. 23 del policlínico Carlos J Finlay, municipio Songo-La Maya en la provincia Santiago de Cuba, desde enero hasta diciembre de 2023. Se estudiaron variables cualitativas y cuantitativas (edad, año de diagnóstico y duración de la enfermedad); se estimó el riesgo cardiovascular según el modelo para la predicción del riesgo en personas con diabetes tipo 2. Resultados: Se observó predominio del sexo femenino (58,3 %). La mayoría de los pacientes tenían hipertensión arterial (76 %) y microalbuminuria (31,2 %). La edad media de los pacientes fue de 65,5 años y como promedio tenían un tiempo de evolución de la diabetes de 8,6 años. La evaluación del riesgo cardiovascular ubicó a 43,3 % de la población en un nivel moderado y 25,7 % con alto riesgo. Conclusiones: Los pacientes diabéticos estudiados mostraron un riesgo de moderado a alto de presentar eventos cardiovasculares. Se hace necesario realizar intervenciones educativas en estos pacientes y sus familiares para lograr cambios favorables en los estilos de vida y mejorar el control de la enfermedad, previniendo así complicaciones y la ocurrencia de eventos fatales en los próximos años.

PURPOSE: This study tests a research model that reflects the nomological relationship between satisfaction as a two-dimensional construct and continuity, coordination, and cooperation in business-to-business (B2B) sales relationships DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The study sample comprised small- and medium-sized companies across industries in Spain. In total, 237 satisfactorily completed questionnaires were obtained for data analysis. Structural equation modelling was applied to secure the development of the study's results FINDINGS/RESULTS: The results revealed that sales managers should reach agreements with their partners to put in place appropriate coordination mechanisms that contribute to improving efficiency and achieving expected long-term goals PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The study guides B2B sales managers on how to establish good interpersonal relationships with partners, foster an atmosphere in which favourable impressions are generated between the parties, treat each other with respect and promote open sharing of information that avoids distrust and fear of the appearance of opportunistic behaviour ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This study provides an extended foundation of the structural properties with intermediary constructs between economic satisfaction and non-economic satisfaction based on a seller's perspective. This is significant, seeing that most extant studies have explored the constructs proposed from a buyer's perspective

Abstract: This article aims to give a review about cryptocurrencies and their role in the modern economy. This work focuses on the immersion of cryptofinance in the real sector of the economy and its productive processes, from its creation and its underlying technology to the conception and future development of central bank digital currencies (CBDC). It is found that so far cryptocurrencies, despite their great popularity in certain sectors, still have little relevance in productive processes. However, and especially with the possibility of the monetary authorities issuing their version of digital currency, it is expected that the relationship between cryptofinance and the real sector of the economy will be growing.

Resumen: El presente artículo tiene como objetivo brindar una revisión acerca de las criptomonedas y su rol en la economía moderna, centrándose en la inmersión de las criptofinanzas en el sector real de la economía y sus procesos productivos, desde su creación y su tecnología subyacente hasta la concepción y desarrollo a futuro de las monedas digitales de banco central (CBDC). Se evidencia que las criptomonedas, pese a su gran popularidad en ciertos sectores, tiene aún poca relevancia en los procesos productivos. No obstante, y sobre todo con la posibilidad de que las autoridades monetarias emitan su versión de moneda digital, se espera que la relación entre las criptofinanzas y el sector real de la economía sea cada vez mayor. Clasificación JEL: E42, E51, G23, O33, O38.

Résumé: Cet article vise à fournir une revue des crypto-monnaies et de leur rôle dans l’économie moderne, en se concentrant sur l’immersion de la cryptofinance dans le secteur réel de l’économie et ses processus de production, depuis sa création et sa technologie sous-jacente jusqu’à sa conception et son développement futur. des monnaies numériques des banques centrales (CBDC). Il est évident que les crypto-monnaies, malgré leur grande popularité dans certains secteurs, ont encore peu d’importance dans les processus de production. Cependant, et notamment avec la possibilité pour les autorités monétaires d’émettre leur propre version de la monnaie numérique, la relation entre la cryptofinance et le secteur réel de l’économie devrait se développer.