ABSTRACT In this paper, we extend the concept of compatible maps of type J, (J-1) and (J-2) and prove fixed point theorems for compatible mappings in Non-Archimedian Intuitionistic Menger Probabilistic Metric Space. An example and an application to functional equation is provided to support the theoretical results. paper J J1 1 (J-1 J2 2 (J-2 NonArchimedian Non Archimedian Space results (J- (J

RESUMO Contexto: O papel dos níveis ascíticos e séricos de vários biomarcadores de tumores na discriminação da causa das ascites não está bem estabelecido. Objetivo: Avaliar o papel dos níveis séricos e ascíticos de biomarcadores tumorais (CA 72-4, CA 19-9, CEA e CA 125) na discriminação da causa das ascites. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo foi realizado em pacientes consecutivos que apresentaram ascite. Foram determinados níveis do soro e ascítico de CA 19-9, CA 125, CA 72-4 e antígeno carcinoembrínico (CEA). Os pacientes com ascites cirróticas, peritonite tuberculosa e carcinomatose peritoneal (CP) foram eventualmente incluídos na análise. Resultados: Dos 93 pacientes (58 homens, média de idade 47 anos) incluídos, a causa básica foi cirrose em 31, CP em 42 e tuberculose peritoneal em 20. O melhor corte para discriminação de ascites benignas e malignas para soro CEA, CA 19-9 e CA 72-4 foram 6,7 ng/mL, 108 UI/mL e 8,9 UI/mL, respectivamente. O melhor corte para discriminação de ascites benignas e malignas para CA 125 ascitico, CEA, CA 19-9 e CA 72-4 foram 623 UI/mL, 8,7 ng/mL, 33,2 UI/mL e 7 UI/mL, respectivamente. Conclusão: O desempenho do biomarcador único para a previsão do CP subjacente é baixo, mas uma combinação de soro CA 19-9 e CA 72-4 melhor previu a presença de carcinomatose peritoneal.

ABSTRACT Background: The role of ascitic and serum levels of various tumour biomarkers in the discrimination of cause of ascites is not well established. Objective: To evaluate the role of serum and ascitic levels of tumor biomarkers (CA 72-4, CA 19-9, CEA and CA 125) in discrimination of cause of ascites. Methods: A prospective study was conducted in consecutive patients presenting with ascites. Serum and ascitic levels of CA 19-9, CA 125, CA 72-4 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were determined at the presentation. The patients with cirrhotic ascites, tuberculous peritonitis (TBP) and peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) were eventually included in analysis. Results: Of the 93 patients (58 males, mean age 47 years) included, the underlying cause was cirrhosis in 31, PC in 42 and peritoneal tuberculosis in 20. The best cutoff for discriminating benign and malignant ascites for serum CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 were 6.7 ng/mL, 108 IU/mL and 8.9 IU/mL, respectively. The best cutoff for discriminating benign and malignant ascites for ascitic CA 125, CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 were 623 IU/mL, 8.7 ng/mL, 33.2 IU/mL and 7 IU/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The performance of single biomarker for the prediction of underlying PC is low but a combination of serum CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 best predicted the presence of peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Abstract Introduction Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder of unknown etiology, clinically characterized by whitish macules caused by selective loss of melanocytes. There are many melanocytes in the human cochlea. Recent studies have suggested a direct relation between cochlear dysfunction and decreased amounts of melanin. Objective To determine the effect of vitiligo on auditory function. Methods The present prospective, case control study was performed over a period of 1 year in patients between 15 and 40 years old with nonsegmental disease and the same number of controls. Pure tone audiometry (PTA) and Otoacoustic emission (OAE) were performed to analyze the correlation between vitiligo and auditory function. Results The mean pure tone audiometric threshold in the right ear at 0.5, 8 kHz, and in the left ear at the frequency of 8 kHz in the case group were significantly higher as compared with controls. The average band reproducibility (%) in the right and left ear of controls was significantly higher at the frequency of 4 kHz as compared with cases. It has been observed that signal to noise ratio was statistically higher at the frequency of 5kHz in the right ear and at 2, 3, and 5kHz in the left ear in controls as compared with cases. On the basis of disease type and duration of disease; mean pure tone audiometric threshold, average band reproducibility and signal to noise ratio, no significant effect was observed in the present study. Conclusion Vitiligo has an effect on cochlear function irrespective of the duration or distribution of the disease.

Abstract: In the present paper the notion of fuzzy cone b -metric space has been introduced. Here we have defined fuzzy cone b -contractive mapping, and Banach contraction theorem for single mapping and pair of mappings has been proved in the setting of fuzzy cone b -metric space.

Resumo Objetivo As lesões do tipo joelho flutuante (FKIs, na sigla em inglês) são complexas e são geralmente causadas por trauma de alta velocidade. Estas lesões são frequentemente associadas a lesões que causamrisco demorte, que devemter precedente sobre lesões nas extremidades. Os autores revisaram os resultados das lesões do tipo joelho flutuante tratadas nesta instituição entre 2003 e 2015. Método Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo de todos os pacientes com FKIs de 2003 a 2015. Doze pacientes foram incluídos no estudo. Os dados relacionados ao tipo de fratura, lesões associadas, modalidades de tratamento e complicações foram observados. A avaliação funcional foi realizada utilizando os critérios de Karlstrom modificados após a união óssea completa. Resultados Omecanismo de lesão foi acidente automobilísticoemtodos os pacientes.O acompanhamentomédio foi de 4 anos.Amédia de idade dos pacientes foi de 34,75 anos.O tempo médio de união óssea foi de 6,5 meses nos fêmures e de 6,7 meses nas tíbias. As complicações foram rigidez do joelho, união óssea tardia e infecção. De acordo com os critérios modificados de Karlstrom, três resultados foram considerados excelentes, cinco bons, três razoáveis e um resultado foi considerado ruim. Conclusão Lesões do tipo joelho flutuante são graves e são geralmente associadas a lesões de vários órgãos. A detecção precoce e o tratamento adequado das lesões associadas, a afixação precoce das fraturas e a reabilitação pós-operatória são necessários para um bom resultado. As complicações são frequentes, sob a forma de união óssea tardia, rigidez do joelho e infecção.

Abstract Objective Floating knee injuries are complex injuries and are usually caused by highvelocity trauma. These injuries are often associated with life treating injuries, which should take precedent over extremity injuries. The authors reviewed the outcomes of floating knee injuries managed in this institute from 2003 to 2015. Method A retrospective study was conducted of all patients with floating knee injuries from2003 to 2015. Twelve patients were included in the study. Data related to fracture type, associated injuries, treatmentmodalities, and complications were noted. Functional assessment was performed using themodified Karlstromand Olerud criteria after complete bony union. Result The mechanism of injury was motor vehicle accident in all patients. The mean follow up was four years. The mean age of patients was 34.75 year. The mean union time was 6.5 months in femurs and 6.7 month in tibias. The complications were knee stiffness, delayed union, and infection. According to modified Karlstrom criteria, there were three - excellent, five - good, three - fair, and one poor result. Conclusion Floating knee injuries are severe injuries and are usually associated withmultiorgan injuries. Early detection and appropriate management of associated injuries, early fixation of fractures, and postoperative rehabilitation are needed for good outcome. Complications are frequent, in the form of delayed union, knee stiffness, and infection.

ABSTRACT: In this work, the Techno-economic Environmental Risk Analysis framework, a multi-disciplinary optimisation tool developed by Cranfield University, is utilised in conjunction with an in-house optimiser to carry out aircraft engine cycle optimisation processes. The central point here is the evaluation of the capabilities of the in-house optimiser for performing this type of optimisation processes. Simplifying hypotheses are thus considered when both defining the aircraft flight trajectory and modelling the different engine configurations analysed. Accordingly, several optimum engine cycles minimising separately three objective functions, (i) specific fuel consumption in cruise, (ii) fuel burned, and (iii) oxides of nitrogen emitted, are determined. The cycle optimisation processes carried out yield results reflecting the general trends expected when optimising according to these objective functions. It follows then that the in-house optimiser is suitable for carrying out gas turbine power plant optimisation processes. It is expected that this optimiser be utilised in future for both optimising the preliminary design of gas turbine engines and determining optimum and "greener" aircraft engine cycles.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: A Internet tornou-se uma fonte de fácil acesso para informações relativas à saúde. Nos últimos anos, sites como o YouTube tornaram-se cada vez mais populares como fonte de informação. No entanto, é necessário manter sob controle as informações divulgadas a partir destes sites de livre acesso para evitar a propagação de informações falsas. Este estudo analisou o modo pelo qual a informação relacionada com a superbactéria New Delhi metalo-β-lactamase 1 foi retratada em vídeos disponíveis no YouTube. MÉTODOS: YouTube (www.youtube.com) foi pesquisada em 22 de junho de 2012, utilizando os termos de busca palavras-chave NDM1, Nova Deli beta-metallolactamase, NDM, Nova Deli superbactéria, Nova Deli metallolactamase para identificar clipes relacionados a NDM-1. Vídeos foram classificados como úteis, enganosos e de atualização de notícias. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da avaliação de duração dos vídeos, do número de espectadores, e de um avaliação positiva ou negativa. RESULTADOS: Um total de 47 vídeos foram incluídos nesta análise. Vinte e nove foram classificados como atualização de notícias, nove como úteis, e nove como vídeos enganadores. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa nos três grupos em relação à duração dos vídeos, o número de espectadores, e avaliação positiva e negativa. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados demonstram que existe uma grande variedade de informações sobre o YouTube sobre NDM-1. Os espectadores são expostos a vídeos úteis, tanto quanto a vídeos enganadores. Como resultado, os profissionais de saúde pública devem ser mais vigilantes em reconhecer vídeos com informação enganosa e os médicos devem aconselhar e educar os pacientes contra o uso inadequado de vídeos on-line para fins médicos.

OBJECTIVE: Internet has become an easy source for healthcare information. In recent years, websites like YouTube have become increasingly popular as a source of information. It is necessary to keep in check the information disseminated from these open-access sites to prevent the spread of false information. This study analyzed how information related to the superbug New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase 1 (NDM1) was portrayed in video clips available on YouTube. METHODS: YouTube (www.youtube.com) was searched on June 22, 2011, using the search terms keywords NDM1, New Delhi beta-metallolactamase, NDM, New Delhi superbug, New Delhi metallolactamase to identify clips related to NDM-1. Videos were classified as useful, misleading and news update. Data analyses were conducted for the duration of videos, number of viewers, and positive and negative rating. RESULTS: A total of 47 videos were included in this analysis. Twenty-nine videos were classified as news update, 9 videos as useful, and 9 videos as misleading videos. There was no statistically significant difference in the 3 groups regarding duration of videos, number of viewers, and positive and negative rating. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate that there is a wide variety of information on YouTube regarding NDM-1. The viewers are exposed to the useful videos as much as to misleading videos. As a result, public health professionals should be more vigilant in recognizing videos containing misleading information and physicians should counsel and educate patients against inappropriate use of online videos for medical purposes.

ABSTRACT: This work describes initial results obtained from an ongoing research involving the development of optimization algorithms which are capable of performing multi-disciplinary aircraft trajectory optimization processes. A short description of both the rationale behind the initial selection of a suitable optimization technique and the status of the optimization algorithms is firstly presented. The optimization algorithms developed are subsequently utilized to analyze different case studies involving one or more flight phases present in actual aircraft flight profiles. Several optimization processes focusing on the minimization of total flight time, fuel burned and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions are carried out and their results are presented and discussed. When compared with others obtained using commercially available optimizers, results of these optimization processes show satisfactory level of accuracy (average discrepancies ~2%). It is expected that these optimization algorithms can be utilized in future to efficiently compute realistic, optimal and 'greener' aircraft trajectories, thereby minimizing the environmental impact of commercial aircraft operations.

Agro-industrial wastes such as sugarcane bagasse, wheat bran, rice bran, corn cob and wheat straw are cheapest and abundantly available natural carbon sources. The present study was aimed to production of amylase and xylanase simultaneously using agro-industrial waste as the sole carbon source. Seven thermophilic strains of actinomycete were isolated from the mushroom compost. Among of these, strain designated MSC702 having high potential to utilize agro-industrial wastes for the production of amylase and xylanase. Strain MSC702 was identified as novel species of Streptomyces through morphological characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequence. Enzyme production was determined using 1% (w/v) of various agro-industrial waste in production medium containing (g/100mL): K2HPO4(0.1), (NH4)2SO4(0.1), NaCl (0.1), MgSO4(0.1) at pH 7.0 after incubation of 48 h at 50°C. The amylase activity (373.89 IU/mL) and xylanase activity (30.15 IU/mL) was maximum in rice bran. The decreasing order of amylase and xylanase activity in different type of agro-industrial wastes were found rice bran (RB) > corn cob (CC) > wheat bran (WB) > wheat straw (WS) > sugarcane bagasse (SB) and rice bran (RB) > wheat bran (WB) > wheat straw (WS) > sugarcane bagasse (SB) > corn cob (CC), respectively. Mixed effect of different agro-industrial wastes was examined in different ratios. Enzyme yield of amylase and xylanase was ~1.3 and ~2.0 fold higher with RB: WB in 1:2 ratio.