RESUMO: Investigações anteriores revelaram que uma bebida funcional fermentada de laranja apresentou em sua composição diferentes compostos fenólicos, que através de investigações in silico demonstraram ter efeitos biológicos de importância terapêutica como propriedades antioxidantes, gastroreparadoras e antiulcerativas. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi confirmar in vivo, através de um modelo de úlcera gástrica induzida por EtOH em ratos, as propriedades benéficas indicadas pelos ensaios in silico. A úlcera gástrica foi induzida por EtOH (intragástrico) e tratada após 1 h com bebida fermentada de laranja com e sem o extrato de Mentha piperita (0,5 mL/100 g peso corporal). Omeprazol foi usado como controle positivo. A avaliação histopatológica revelou que a administração de EtOH resultou na formação de úlceras gástricas decorrentes da redução da camada de muco, presença de hemorragia e infiltração de neutrófilos no tecido estomacal de ratos, sendo apenas o tratamento com omeprazol capaz de reverter essas alterações. Além disso, a administração de EtOH alterou o volume do suco gástrico e induziu estresse oxidativo no tecido estomacal observado através do aumento da peroxidação lipídica (TBARS), redução dos níveis de tióis não-proteicos (SHNP) e alteração da atividade da superóxido dismutase (SOD). A ingestão da bebida fermentada de laranja aumentou os níveis de SHNP e reduziu as alterações nos níveis de TBARS induzidos pelo EtOH. Esses achados sugerem que a bebida fermentada de laranja apresenta efeitos antioxidantes, conforme apontado por estudos in silico, mas não efeitos gastroreparadores e antiulcerativos. RESUMO fenólicos antioxidantes antiulcerativas Assim vivo ratos intragástrico (intragástrico 0,5 05 0 5 (0, mL100 mL 100 mL/10 corporal. corporal . corporal) positivo muco disso TBARS, , (TBARS) nãoproteicos proteicos (SHNP SOD. SOD (SOD) antiulcerativos 0, (0 mL10 10 mL/1 (TBARS (SOD ( mL1 mL/

ABSTRACT: Previous investigations have revealed that a functional fermented orange beverage presented in its composition different phenolic compounds, which through in silico investigation demonstrated to have biological effects of therapeutic importance as antioxidant, gastrorepair, and anti-ulcerative properties. Thus, this study confirmed in vivo, through a model of EtOH-induced gastric ulcers in rats, the beneficial properties indicated by the in silico tests. Gastric ulcer was induced by EtOH (intragastric) and was treated after 1 h with fermented orange beverage with and without Menthapiperita extract (0.5 mL/100 g w.b). Omeprazole was used as positive control. Histopathological evaluation revealed that EtOH administration resulted in the formation of gastric ulcers due to the reduction of the mucus layer, presence of hemorrhage, and infiltration of neutrophils in the stomach tissue of rats, and only treatment with omeprazole was able to reverse these changes. Additionally, EtOH administration altered the gastric juice volume and induced oxidative stress in the gastric tissue observed through the increase in lipid peroxidation (TBARS), reduction in the levels of non-protein thiols (NPSH), and alteration in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The ingestion of the fermented orange beverage increased NPSH levels and reduced changes in TBARS levels induced by ethanol. These findings suggested that the fermented orange beverage has antioxidant effects, as pointed out by in silico studies, but not gastrorepair and anti-ulcerative effects. ABSTRACT compounds antiulcerative anti ulcerative Thus vivo EtOHinduced rats tests intragastric (intragastric 0.5 05 0 5 (0. mL100 mL 100 mL/10 w.b. wb w.b . w b w.b) control layer hemorrhage Additionally TBARS, , (TBARS) nonprotein non protein NPSH, (NPSH) SOD (SOD activity ethanol studies 0. (0 mL10 10 mL/1 (TBARS (NPSH ( mL1 mL/

RESUMO A leptospirose acomete diversas espécies animais, inclusive o homem. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp., bem como identificar fatores associados ao risco da infecção por Leptospira spp. em bovinos de leite do município de Ji-Paraná - RO, amostrados por setor rural, de setembro de 2012 a novembro de 2013. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas sistematicamente de 627 fêmeas leiteiras, oriundas de 63 propriedades pertencentes a seis setores rurais. O diagnóstico da leptospirose foi realizado por meio da soroaglutinação microscópica. Constatou-se que 255 animais possuíam anticorpos anti-Leptospira (40,48%, IC95%: 36,64-44,31). Das 63 propriedades estudadas, 57 (90,5%, IC95%: 83,23-97,72) apresentavam pelo menos um animal reagente. Observou-se maior ocorrência do sorovar Hardjo nas fêmeas bovinas (12,38%, IC95%: 10,03-15,18), seguido dos sorovares Shermani, Wolffi, Hebdomadis e Canicola. Observaram-se, como fatores associados à infecção por sorovar, a ocorrência de aborto em fêmeas de 36 propriedades estudadas (57,14%), bem como a existência de cães criados livres em 47 propriedades (74,60%) e com acesso ao pasto, à água e aos bovinos, o que reforça a necessidade de adoção de medidas profiláticas e a conscientização dos produtores rurais sobre a importância e os prejuízos que podem ser causados pela leptospirose.

ABSTRACT Leptospirosis affects several animal species, including man. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Leptospira spp. and to identify factors associated with the risk of Leptospira spp. in dairy cattle in the municipality of Ji-Paraná, RO, Brazil, sampled by rural sector, from September 2012 to November 2013. Blood samples from 627 dairy cows were randomly collected from 63 farms belonging to six rural sectors. Leptospirosis was diagnosed by the microscopic serum agglutination technique. Of the 627 animals tested, 255 had anti-Leptospira antibodies (40.48%, 95% CI: 36.64-44.31) and 57 of the 63 studied dairy farms (90.5%, 95% CI: 83.23-97.72) had at least one reactive animal. The results indicate that serovar Hardjo had the highest (12.38%. 95% CI: 10.03-15.18) followed by serovars Shermani, Wolffi, Hebdomadis and Canicola occurrence in dairy cows. Additionally, infection was also associated with abortion occurrences in cows of 36 farms (57.14%) and the presence of dogs roaming free with access to pasture, water and cattle in 47 farms (74.60%). Therefore, free-roaming animals are considered a predisposing factor, highlighting the need for adopting prophylactic measures while raising the awareness from rural producers about the importance and the economic losses that leptospirosis may cause.

The hydrogen storage properties of pure magnesium and magnesium ZK60 alloy containing 2.5 wt% of mischmetal (Mm) processed by Cold Rolling (CR) and Low Temperature Rolling (LTR) were investigated. Before CR and LTR processing, Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) was employed in the alloys as an initial processing step to refine their microstructures. Microstructure findings showed that the ECAP+LTR route is more effective than the others to generate grain refinement - a desirable aspect in hydrogen storage materials. SEM and TEM results in combination with XPS analysis revealed that the ZK60 + 2.5 wt. % Mm alloy after being processed by ECAP + LTR had more refined grains (with sizes < 1μm) and exhibited superior resistance to the formation of oxides and/or hydroxides when compared with the pure magnesium alloy. The refined microstructures of the ECAP+LTR samples combined with the presence of highly oriented grains along to the (002) plane and large amount of defects – which are features associated to the LTR route - such as cracks and voids, resulted in a fast activation kinetics than for the samples processed by ECAP + CR route.

RESUMO Os centros melanomacrófagos (MMCs) no fígado de peixes são indicadores das condições ambientais, pois estão envolvidos na biotransformação xenobiótica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o número de MMC no fígado de juvenis e adultos de Sciades herzbergii de áreas com diferentes níveis de contaminação. Os peixes foram capturados em três pontos (referência - A1; potencialmente impactado - A2; e contaminado - A3), na baía de São José (Maranhão, Brasil), em quatro amostras. Os fígados foram submetidos ao procedimento histológico padrão e cortes de 5μm foram corados com hematoxilina-eosina. Em fígados de indivíduos adultos A2 (260,50±161,50 MMCs/mm²), eles apresentaram maior número de MMCs quando comparados aos adultos A3 (60,00±30,10 MMCs/mm²). Os juvenis apresentaram valores elevados em A1 (100,00 ± 0,00 MMCs/mm²) e A2 (95,33±33,00 MMCs/mm²) quando comparados aos juvenis em A3 (49,00±0,00 MMCs/mm²). Esses altos valores são inesperados para os jovens. O número médio de MMC correlacionou-se com a época chuvosa na região. A utilização de MMCs hepáticos como biomarcador de exposição a poluentes, em particular substâncias provenientes de sistemas pesqueiros, como amônia e nitrito, mostrou-se adequada para diferenciar áreas com diferentes níveis de impactos.

ABSTRACT The melanomacrophage centers (MMCs) in the liver of fish are indicators of environmental conditions, as they are involved in xenobiotic biotransformation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the number of MMC in the liver of juveniles and adults of Sciades herzbergii from areas with different levels of contamination. The fish were caught at three points (reference - A1, potentially impacted - A2 and contaminated - A3), in São José bay (Maranhão, Brazil), in four samples. The livers were subjected to the standard histological procedure and 5μm sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. In livers of A2 adult individuals (260.50±161.50 MMCs / mm²) they presented a greater number of MMCs when compared to A3 adults (60.00 ± 30.10 MMCs / mm²). Juveniles showed considerable values in A1 (100.00 ± 0.00 MMCs/mm²) and A2 (95.33 ± 33.00 MMCs / mm²) compared to juveniles in A3 (49.00±0.00 MMCs/mm²). These high values are unexpected for young people. The average number of MMC correlated with the rainy season in the region. The use of hepatic MMCs as a biomarker of exposure to pollutants, in particular substances from fisheries systems, such as ammonia and nitrite, proved to be adequate to differentiate areas with different levels of impacts.

ABSTRACT The adsorption of Violet Remazol 5R (VR 5) on wood sawdust modified with succinic anhydride (SSA) as a function of contact time, pH, and initial dye concentrations was investigated using a batch technique under ambient conditions. The SSA obtained was confirmed by IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and 13C NMR, and degrees of substitution (DS) were calculated. A study on the effect of the pH on the adsorption of VR 5 showed that the optimum pH was 2.0. The interactions were assayed with respect to the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, and were found to follow closely the pseudo-second-order. The isotherm was adjusted to the Langmuir, the Freundlich and the Temkin sorption models. SSA is a promising material for the removal of dye textile from aqueous solutions, and under conditions studied the removal percentage achieved was 51.7%.

Tradicionalmente, a determinação das condições ideais para a conservação de sementes é obtida através de experimentos que estudam a combinação dos fatores: teor de água e temperatura de armazenamento, monitorando a viabilidade das sementes ao longo do tempo. Ante o exposto, objetivou-se determinar o Teor de Água Limite para Crioconservação das sementes de romã, quando armazenadas nas temperaturas de -170 e -196 °C. As sementes passaram por um processo de umedecimento e secagem até atingirem os teores de água de 4; 6; 8; 10; 12 e 14% b.u.; logo após, foram crioconservadas durante cinco dias e, em seguida, descongeladas gradativamente nas temperaturas de -196, -170, -80, 10 ºC e ambiente, com intervalo de 3 horas para cada temperatura, para então serem realizados os testes de germinação e vigor. Para efeito de análise comparativa, utilizou-se da armazenagem das sementes a 25 ºC e 70% de umidade relativa por igual período de tempo (5 dias). O delineamento estatístico empregado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com arranjo fatorial 6 X 3, representado pelos teores de água e temperaturas, empregando-se quatro repetições por tratamento. Pode-se concluir que o melhor porcentual de germinação e vigor das sementes de romã foi obtido quando essas sementes foram crioconservadas em vapor de nitrogênio (-170 °C), com um teor de água de 10% b.u.

Traditionally, determining the ideal conditions for seed storage is obtained from experiments that study the combination of two factors: water content and storage temperature, monitoring the viability of the seeds over time. Based on the foregoing, the aim was to determine the water content limit to the freezing of the pomegranate seeds by cryogenics system, when stored at temperatures of -170 and -196 °C. The seeds have undergone to a process of wetting and drying until they achieve the moisture content of 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14% on wet basis; shortly after, they were cryopreserved for five days and then defrosted gradually at temperatures of -196, -170, -80, 10 °C and room temperature with an interval of 3 hours for each temperature, in order to be conducted tests of germination and vigor. For purpose of a comparative analysis it was used storage of seeds at 25 °C and 70% relative humidity for the same period of time (5 days). The statistical design was completely randomized with 6 X 3 factorial arrangement represented by the water content and temperature, using four replicates per treatment. It can be concluded that the best percentage of germination and vigor of a pomegranate was obtained when these seeds were cryopreserved in nitrogen vapor (-170 °C), with a water content of 10% w.b.

Avaliaram-se o consumo e o desempenho de ovinos alimentados com silagens de cana-de-açúcar tratadas com óxido de cálcio (CaO) e cloreto de sódio (NaCl). Utilizaram-se sete tratamentos: controle (silagem sem aditivo), silagens com 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5% de CaO e silagens com 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0% de NaCl, com quatro repetições. Os animais consumiram maior quantidade de matéria seca e de nutrientes digestíveis totais quando se adicionou 0,5% de NaCl ou ainda 1,0 e 1,5% de CaO. Quanto à fibra em detergente neutro e à proteína bruta, observou-se maior consumo quando se adicionou 0,5% de NaCl ou 1,0% de CaO. Não foi observado efeito da dieta sobre o ganho médio diário de peso. A adição de 0,5% de cloreto de sódio e 1,0% de óxido de cálcio à silagem de cana-de-açúcar resultou em aumento no consumo e melhora no desempenho de ovinos.

The intake and performance of lambs fed with sugarcane silages treated with whitewash and chloride sodium were evaluated. Seven treatments were used: untreated silage (control); silages treated with 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5% of CaO (whitewash); and silages treated with 0.5; 1.0 and 2.0% of NaCl, with four replicates per treatment. The animals were fed a higher amount of dry matter and total digestible nutrients when the sugarcane silages were treated with 0.5% of NaCl, 1.0 and 1.5% of CaO. The intake of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein increased when the lambs were fed silages treated with 0.5% of NaCl and 1.0% of CaO. The average daily gain did not differ among treatments. The inclusion of 0.5% of sodium chloride and 1.0% of whitewash in sugarcane silages increased the intake and improved the performance of lambs.

This work aimed to estimate correlation coefficients path analysis. It was studied the effect of the tiller number, stem diameter, stem length and leaf number of Capparis flexuosa plants during two evaluation periods in the Cariri region of Paraiba State, Brazil. Tiller number during the dry season and stem length during the rainy season explained best the leaf number, acting respectively in a direct and inversely proportional way on the main variable, changing according to the environmental conditions during the growth period. The results allowed the conclusion that tiller number exerts great influence on leaf number in both evaluation periods.

O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em obter estimativas do desdobramento das correlações em análise de trilha sobre as variáveis, número de brotações, diâmetro do caule, comprimento do caule e número de folhas de plantas de feijão-bravo em dois períodos de avaliação em condições edafoclimaticas do Cariri Paraibano. As características número de brotações na época seca e comprimento do caule na época chuvosa foram capazes de explicar melhor o desenvolvimento do numero de folhas, atuando de forma direta e inversamente proporcional sobre a variável básica. O estudo permitiu concluir que o número de brotações exerce grande influência no número de folhas em ambos os períodos de avaliação.

A literatura apresenta resultados conflitantes sobre a manutenção do potencial fisiológico de semente de mamão armazenada por longos períodos com baixo teor de água e em ambientes a baixas temperaturas. Neste trabalho, sementes de mamão do cultivar UENF-CALIMAN 01 foram secadas à sombra até teor de água de 12,6% b.u. e submetidas à secagem complementar a 37º C, em secador de bandejas, até atingir teor de água de 7,7% b.u. A germinação e o vigor da semente, estimado pela contagem de plântulas normais fortes aos 14 dias, foram avaliados depois de submetidos aos dois processos de secagem e aos quatro e oito meses de armazenamento, em embalagem hermética a 15º C. O vigor da semente, inicialmente de cerca de 46%, aumentou para 77%, depois de quatro meses de armazenamento. O percentual de germinação, depois dos processos de secagem, foi de 75%, aumentando para 87% e declinando para 66%, aos quatro e oito meses de armazenamento, respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho indicam que o comportamento da semente de mamão se aproxima mais daquele observado em sementes ortodoxas, que têm sua viabilidade extendida pela redução simultânea do teor de água e da temperatura, durante o armazenamento.

Conflicting results are reported in the literature concerning the germination capability of papaya seeds submmitted to long-term storage at low moisture content and temperature levels. This study was undertaken to evaluate the viability of papaya seeds of the UENF-CALIMAN 01 cultivar dried under shade to 12.6% w.b moisture and subsequently dried at 37 ºC in a cabinet drier to 7.7% w.b. The germination and vigour of these seeds were evaluated after drying and after four and eight months of storage in a sealed, moistureproof container at 15 ºC. Seed vigour, initially of 46%, increased to 77% after four months of storage. Seed germination after drying to the two moisture levels was 75%, increasing to 87% and declining to 66% after four and eight months of storage, respectively. Results indicated that papaya seeds exhibit signs that prompt their classification as orthodox seeds, which are capable of extending their viability by the simultaneous reduction of mositure content and temperature during storage.

Objetivou-se avaliar um sistema de secagem de café, com meia-seca em leito fixo e complementação da secagem em secador de lotes, intermitente, de fluxos concorrentes, em um experimento instalado na Área de Pré-processamento e Armazenamento de Produtos Vegetais, DEA-UFV. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Fez-se a colheita pelo método de derriça sobre o chão. Os frutos foram pré-processados por via seca, secando-se os frutos verdes, cerejas e passas. Na meia-seca, a umidade inicial dos frutos variou entre 68,9 e 71,3% b.u. e a final entre 44,0 e 47,5% b.u. Na complementação da secagem a umidade final variou entre 12,2 e 13,8% b.u. A temperatura do ar, no secador de leito fixo, variou entre 50,4 e 76 °C, e no de fluxos concorrentes, entre 87,2 e 110 °C. A entalpia específica no secador de leito fixo variou entre 8,4 e 9,1 MJ kg-1 e no de fluxos concorrentes, entre 7,1 e 16,9 MJ kg-1. Relativamente às testemunhas, a qualidade final do produto apresentou melhores características comerciais. Concluiu-se que a meia-seca em leito fixo e a secagem em secador de fluxos concorrentes, além de reduzir o tempo de operação, poderá contribuir para melhor preservar as qualidades que o produto adquire no campo.

The general objective of this study was the evaluation of a system for coffee drying, using partial drying in fixed bed dryer and complementary drying in an intermittent concurrent flow batch dryer. The experiment was carried out in the Vegetable Products Processing Area, DEA-UFV. The drying tests were accomplished in completely randomized design. The coffee was harvested on the ground by manual striping process. The fruits were pre-processed by drying of ripe, overripe and greenish cherries. For the preliminary drying, the initial coffee moisture content varied from 68.9 to 71.3% w.b. with the drying being interrupted with moisture content between 44.0 and 47.5% w.b. In the complementary drying phase the final moisture varied between 12.2 and 13.8% w.b. The temperature of the drying air, in the fixed-bed dryer, varied from 50.4 to 76 °C, and in the concurrent flow batch dryer, between 87.2 and 110 °C. The specific enthalpies were 8.4 to 9.1 MJ kg-1 and 7.1 to 16,9 MJ kg-1 for the fixed-bed dryer and concurrent flow batch dryer, respectively. In comparison with the control tests, the final quality of the product presented better commercial characteristics. It was concluded that with preliminary drying in fixed bed dryer and complementary drying in a concurrent flow dryer, besides reducing the total drying time, the combined system contributes to a better preservation of qualities acquired in field.

Utilizou-se do modelo matemático de secagem proposto por Page (1949) para se derivar uma equação de secagem em camada delgada para sementes de maracujá-amarelo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Degener.). Para a obtenção da equação, foram coletados dados experimentais em um protótipo de secador de leito fixo, utilizando-se de três níveis de temperatura do ar de secagem (30; 37 e 40ºC), três níveis de fluxo de ar para secagem (24; 48 e 71 m³ min-1 m²) e um nível de teor médio de água inicial (30,4±2,0% b.u.). Todos os experimentos foram realizados em ambiente com temperatura de 28,4±1,0 ºC e razão de umidade de 0,0138±0,0016 kg kg-1. Os valores dos resíduos obtidos com a equação desenvolvida por meio de análise de regressão não-linear foram considerados inadequadas para fins de engenharia, o que sugere a necessidade de avaliar outros modelos, teóricos ou empíricos, para a secagem de sementes de maracujá em camada delgada. Observou-se que o tempo de secagem diminuiu em função do aumento da temperatura; porém, não houve influência da vazão específica do ar de secagem sobre o tempo necessário para reduzir o teor de água de sementes de maracujá-amarelo para 9,9±0,4% b.u..

The original mathematical drying model proposed by Page (1949) was used to derive a thin-layer drying equation to describe the drying of seeds of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis L.). With this purpose, experimental drying data were collected using a fixed-bed prototype drier, using three levels of drying-air temperature (30, 37 e 40ºC); three levels of specific airflow rate (24, 48 e 71 m³ min-1 m²), and one level of initial moisture content (30.4±2.0% w.b.). All tests were conducted in an Agricultural Engineering Laboratory where the average temperature and humidity ratio were 28.4±1.0ºC, and 0.0138±0.0016 kg kg-1, respectively. The values of errors produced by the equation derived by non-linear regression analyses were considered unacceptable for engineering purposes; this may suggest the need to evaluate other theoretical or empirical models to describe the thin-layer drying of yellow passion fruit seeds. Experimental data revealed, as expected, that as the drying air increased, the total time of drying decreased. Nonetheless, specific airflow rate appears to have no influence on drying time to reduce the initial moisture content of seeds of yellow passion fruit to a final value of 9.9±0.4% w.b.

RESUMO Com o objetivo de conhecer-se a freqüência sorológica antileptospírica em cães e sua correlação com roedores e fatores ambientais, na área territorial urbana de 32 km2 do Município de Botucatu, SP, colheram-se 1.000 amostras de sangue de cães, em 20 postos homogeneamente distribuídos. A prova diagnóstica utilizada foi a de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM), com 24 sorovares de Leptospira spp. Das 1.000 amostras submetidas à prova, 17,9% foram reagentes. Os cães reagentes que tiveram contato com roedores (23,68%) mostraram-se significativos (p < 0,05) em relação aos reagentes que não tiveram contato (15,37%). Na correlação entre animais de residências ligadas (18,10%) ou não ligadas (13,63%) à rede pública de esgoto e a soropositividade, não se observou significância estatística (p > 0,05). Ocorreram reações para 20 sorovares, com maior importância para: castellonis (28,68%), autumnalis (19,12%), pyrogenes (17,65%), icterohaemorrhagiae (11,03%) e canicol (9,56%).

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to ascertain the antileptospirosis serological frequency in dogs and its correlation with rodents and environmental factors in a 32 km2 urban area of Botucatu, SP, Brazil. One thousand blood samples were collected from dogs at 20 homogenously distributed stations. The microscopic serum agglutination diagnostic test (SAM) was used with 24 Leptospira spp. serovars. From the 1,000 samples tested, 17.9% were reactive. Reactive dogs who had contact with rodents (23.68%) were significant (p < 0.05) in relation to those without contact (15.37%). There was no statistical significance (p > 0.05) between seropositive animals from homes connected (18.10%) and not connected (13.63%) to the public sewage system. There were reactions to 20 serovars, the most important were: castellonis (28.68%), autumnalis (19.12%), pyrogenes (17.65%), icterohaemorrhagiae (11.03%), and canicola (9.56%).

Clinic-epidemiological data in canine infection by Hepatozoon canis were reported. Apatia, anorexia, prostaction, weight loss and muscle pain were the most-common clinical recognized signs. Blood smear was used as diagnosis method for the detection of H. canis gamonts in the neutrophils. Anaemia, leucocytosis, monocytosis and lymphopenia were observed in the haematological exams. Imidocarb dipropionate associated with tetracyclines and sulfamethoxasole-trimethoprim were used in therapy.

In this work the process of desorption of hexavalent chromium, a toxic metal ion, from the marine algae Sargassum sp, following biosorption experiments 2³ factorial design was studied. A technique was applied to three eluents: HCl, H2SO4 and EDTA. Three factors of importance were evaluated: concentration of eluent, the ratio between mass of biosorbent and volume of eluent (S/L) and process time. A statistical analysis of the experimental results showed that the three variables evaluated are significant for all three eluents. The models for chromium desorption were validated, as the results agreed well with the observed values. Through use of the response surface methodology, a factorial design based optimization technique; it was possible to identify the most suitable eluent and the interval of values for the process variables that resulted in the most significant desorption of chromium, which is relevant information for work aiming at process optimization.

Propionibacterium acnes as immunostimulant in oral canine papillomatosis treatment in 16 animals was studied. Regression of the pappiloma started being observed after the second aplication, with complete resolution in all dogs after the sixth aplication. These results suggest the use of P. acnes as an alternative in oral canine papillomatosis therapy.