Abstract This study aimed to investigate the physical characteristics of pequiá fruits in the Cerrado areas of Nova Xavantina-MT, and to determine the influence of native vegetation on fruit biometry and productivity. The research question was whether proximity to fragments of native vegetation increases the productivity of pequiá fruit. In 2017 and 2018, 40 ripe fruits that had fallen to the ground were collected from three locations, two of which were close to native vegetation and one of which was close to crops and pastures. The highest values were observed in fruits collected in 2018, when there was more rainfall, and in fruits from the locations close to native vegetation, indicating that the presence of native vegetation can provide ecosystem services that promote the productivity of pequiá fruits. These findings have important implications for the conservation and management of Cerrado ecosystems. XavantinaMT, XavantinaMT Xavantina MT, MT Xavantina-MT 201 2018 4 pastures rainfall ecosystems 20 2

ABSTRACT Baru tree (Dipteryx alata) is an arboreal, fruitful plant native to the Cerrado biome with an important socioeconomic impact. Populations of this species are a good model to study anthropogenic disturbances on the biome through the genetic information. In this study, we developed seven new polymorphic microsatellite markers for D. alata, using an enriched genomic library. We performed loci characterization in three populations, obtaining a total of 49 alleles, with an average of 5 to 5.57 alleles per locus. A significant content of polymorphic information was obtained, as indicated by the average expected heterozygosity (uHE), with a total average of 0.58 to 0.65 per locus. The average value of the observed heterozygosity (Ho) was also high, with a total average of 0.73 to 0.85 per locus. Some of the loci are in linkage disequilibrium, such as DalatG6 with DalatB3, DalatH3 and DalatB4. The estimate of the combined loci for the probability of paternity exclusion obtained an average value of 1.00 for all loci, and the average combined probability of identity, the values were (1.210^-5) to (4.410^-6). All markers are informative and suitable for studies on genetic diversity and population structure, aiming at the conservation and management of the species. Dipteryx alata arboreal impact D library populations 4 557 57 5.5 locus uHE, uHE , (uHE) 058 0 58 0.5 065 65 0.6 Ho (Ho high 073 73 0.7 085 85 0.8 disequilibrium DalatG DalatB3 DalatB DalatH DalatB4 100 1 00 1.0 identity 1.210^5 12105 1.210^ 210 (1.210^-5 4.410^6. 44106 4.410^ 6 . 410 (4.410^-6) structure 55 5. (uHE 05 0. 06 07 7 08 8 10 1. 1210 1.210 21 (1.210^- 4.410^6 4410 4.410 41 (4.410^-6 121 1.21 2 (1.210^ 441 4.41 (4.410^- 12 1.2 (1.210 44 4.4 (4.410^ (1.21 4. (4.410 (1.2 (4.41 (1. (4.4 (1 (4. ( (4