Abstract Introduction: Multicenter research initiatives in Brazilian dialysis centers are scarce. We described the recruitment and implementation phases of the SARC-HD study, aimed at investigating sarcopenia and its impact on adverse clinical outcomes. Methods: The SARC-HD is a cohort study being conducted with patients on hemodialysis in Brazil. The recruitment phase was defined as the period from the invitation to the center until the start of patient enrollment, whereas the implementation phase lasted from then until the completion of enrollment and baseline data collection. Upon implementation, a structured questionnaire was distributed to collect feedback from principal investigators. Results: 21 centers from three Brazilian regions consented to participate, with two dropping out. Ten principal investigators oversaw the 19 sites. Nine centers (47%) were funded entirely by health insurance companies. A total of 1525 patients were screened for eligibility and 1008 were enrolled, with a 66.1% recruitment rate. Recruitment and baseline data collection took 12 [interquartile range: 5–15] weeks. Qualitative content analysis identified barriers such as a lack of infrastructure and logistics for research. Facilitators included the management and organization of the steering committee. Data collection challenges were mainly reported with the subjective 7-point global assessment and the international physical activity questionnaire. The main challenge for the ongoing maintenance phase will be the lack of standardized information in electronic health records. Conclusions: The recruitment and implementation phases of the multicenter SARC-HD study were feasible. Barriers and facilitators identified by principal investigators may help future multicenter initiatives to integrate research-related tasks into clinical routine, facilitating successful experiences. Introduction scarce SARCHD SARC HD outcomes Methods Brazil Results 2 participate out 1 sites 47% 47 (47% companies 152 100 enrolled 661 66 66.1 rate interquartile range 5–15 515 5 15 weeks committee 7point point 7 records Conclusions feasible researchrelated related routine experiences 4 (47 10 6 66. 5–1 51 (4 5– (

Resumo Introdução: Pesquisa multicêntrica em centros de diálise brasileiros são escassas. Descrevemos as fases de recrutamento e implementação do estudo SARC-HD, visando investigar a sarcopenia e seu impacto em desfechos clínicos adversos. Métodos: O SARC-HD é um estudo de coorte realizado com pacientes em hemodiálise no Brasil. A fase de recrutamento foi considerada o período entre convite ao centro e início da inclusão de pacientes, enquanto a fase de implementação durou a partir de então até a conclusão do recrutamento e coleta de dados basais. Após a implementação, um questionário estruturado foi distribuído para coletar feedback dos principais pesquisadores. Resultados: 21 centros de três regiões brasileiras consentiram em participar, com duas desistências. Dez pesquisadores principais supervisionaram 19 locais. Nove centros (47%) eram totalmente financiados por planos de saúde. 1525 pacientes foram avaliados para elegibilidade e 1008 foram incluídos, com taxa de recrutamento de 66,1%. Recrutamento e coleta de dados basais levaram 12 semanas [intervalo interquartil: 5–15]. A análise qualitativa de conteúdo identificou barreiras como falta de infraestrutura e logística para pesquisa. Os facilitadores incluíram gestão e organização do comitê gestor. Os desafios da coleta de dados foram relatados principalmente quanto à avaliação global subjetiva de 7 pontos e o questionário internacional de atividade física. O principal desafio para a fase de manutenção será a falta de informações padronizadas nos prontuários eletrônicos. Conclusões: As fases de recrutamento e implementação do estudo multicêntrico SARC-HD foram viáveis. Barreiras e facilitadores identificados pelos pesquisadores principais podem auxiliar futuras iniciativas multicêntricas a integrar tarefas relacionadas à pesquisa na rotina clínica, facilitando experiências bem-sucedidas. Introdução escassas SARCHD, SARCHD SARC HD, HD adversos Métodos Brasil Resultados 2 participar desistências 1 locais 47% 47 (47% saúde 152 100 incluídos 661 66 66,1% intervalo interquartil 5–15. 515 5–15 . 5 15 5–15] gestor física eletrônicos Conclusões viáveis clínica bemsucedidas. bemsucedidas bem sucedidas. sucedidas bem-sucedidas 4 (47 10 6 66,1 51 5–1 (4 66, 5– (

This study aimed to employ bibliometric methodologies to provide an overview of silver nanoparticles used as antimicrobial agents over the past decade. According to research conducted using the Scopus and Web of Science databases, a total of 2504 articles were published globally, of which 109 were from Brazilian institutions. Notably, approximately 70% of the leading article-producing countries are in Asia, with India emerging as the primary contributor with 1892 articles. Brazil ranked sixth in terms of publication volume, contributing 366 articles. Predominantly, the Southeastern region of Brazil exhibited the highest publication output, constituting 61% of the total, with the state of São Paulo playing a central role. Despite a gradual increase in the number of publications, most studies focused on synthesis methodologies, mainly producing aqueous silver nanoparticle solutions and their correlation with antimicrobial applications. The scarcity of publications addressing their efficacy in final commercialized products poses challenges for regulatory actions, quality control, and sanitary surveillance. Bibliometric studies are valuable tools for guiding future research efforts with significant potential impacts to foster a deeper understanding of this topic within the scientific community. decade databases 250 globally 10 institutions Notably 70 articleproducing article Asia 189 volume 36 Predominantly output 61 role applications actions control surveillance community 25 1 7 18 3 6 2

Cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum Schum.) is an Amazonian fruit rich in antioxidants potential due to its phenolic compounds. Its seeds produce cupulate, a chocolate-like product, and the residue remains rich in biocompounds. This study aimed to optimize and compare microwave-assisted (MAE) and high pressure/temperature extraction (HPTE) of polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds from cupuaçu seed by-products. A Box-Behnken 33 factorial design assessed the influence of extraction time, solid/liquid ratio, and ethanol concentration. Responses included total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, and anti-radical power via the ABTS (2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) method. In optimum conditions, MAE had the highest total polyphenol content and HPTE for flavonoids. Optimal conditions for both methods were 65% (m/v) ethanol concentration, 45 min extraction time, and 0.03 g mL−1 solid/liquid ratio. MAE and HPTE achieved greater recovery of (−)-epicatechin and (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate compared to percolation. Both techniques proved viable for recovering polyphenols from cupuaçu seed by-products, in less time and with less solvent. Thus, cupuaçu by-products can be a sustainable and functional food source, with MAE and HPTE providing high yields and quality extracts rich in polyphenols. Theobroma Schum. Schum cupulate chocolatelike chocolate like product biocompounds microwaveassisted microwave assisted (MAE pressuretemperature pressure temperature (HPTE byproducts. byproducts by products. products BoxBehnken Box Behnken 3 solidliquid solid liquid ratio concentration antiradical anti radical 2,2azinobis3ethylbenzothiazoline6sulphonic 22azinobis3ethylbenzothiazoline6sulphonic azinobisethylbenzothiazolinesulphonic 2,2 azino bis ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulphonic 2 acid method flavonoids 65 m/v mv m v (m/v 4 003 0 03 0.0 mL1 mL 1 mL− −epicatechin epicatechin − −epigallocatechin3gallate epigallocatechin3gallate epigallocatechingallate epigallocatechin gallate percolation byproducts, products, solvent Thus source 2azinobis3ethylbenzothiazoline6sulphonic azinobis 22 2, 00 0.

The essential oil extracted from Anemia tomentosa (EOAT) has shown larvicidal potential against Aedes aegypti, based on methods in vitro and in silico. Chromatographic and spectrometric techniques (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG-MS), gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID)), as well as mono and bidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) were used to assess 10 essential oil components. Chemical composition of essential oil comprised 87.51% sesquiterpenes, with emphasis on presilphiperfolan-1-ol (42.13%) and silphiperfol-5-ene (19.47%). Larvicidal assay conducted in vitro with EOAT has evidenced potential cytotoxic activity up to 48 h exposure to it; mortality rate observed for A. aegypti larvae exposed to essential oil reached 100%. Study conducted in silico with chemical compounds deriving from the herein investigated plant species has evidenced its potential to inhibit acetylcholinesterase in A. aegypti. Activity of triquinane sesquiterpenes ranging from -6.8 to -8.2 kcal mol-1 stood out in comparison to that of temephos (-7.5 kcal mol-1). Chemical compounds identified in the investigated essential oil presented low human and environmental toxicity, as observed in absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, and toxicity (ADMETox) predictions. (EOAT chromatographymass chromatography mass CGMS, CGMS CG MS , (CG-MS) chromatographyflame flame GCFID, GCFID GC FID (GC-FID)) NMR (NMR 1 components 8751 87 51 87.51 presilphiperfolan1ol presilphiperfolanol presilphiperfolan ol 42.13% 4213 42 13 (42.13% silphiperfol5ene silphiperfolene silphiperfol 5 ene 19.47%. 1947 19.47% . 19 47 (19.47%) 4 it A 100 100% 6.8 68 6 8 -6. 8.2 82 2 -8. mol1 mol mol- 7.5 75 7 (-7. mol1. mol-1) absorption distribution excretion ADMETox (ADMETox predictions (CG-MS (GC-FID) 875 87.5 42.13 421 (42.13 194 19.47 (19.47% 6. -6 8. -8 7. (-7 (GC-FID 87. 42.1 (42.1 19.4 (19.47 - (- 42. (42. 19. (19.4 ( (42 (19. (4 (19 (1

Species from Pavonia genus (Malvaceae) are traditionally used as antioxidant, n anti inflammatory and antimicrobial remedies. Previous studies have revealed their diversity of specialized metabolites widely used in the development of new medicines. This is the first study on Pavonia glazioviana Gurke, a Brazilian species known as “Malva da Chapada”. The research led to identify fifteen compounds: 132 (S) hydroxy pheophytin a; and 132(S) hydroxy 173 ethoxyphaeophorbide, n decanol, cycloart 23Z ene 3β,25 diol, cycloart 24S 25 ene 3β,24 diol, sitosterol 3 O β D glucopyranoside, stigmasterol 3 O β D glucopyranoside, quercetin, acacetin, kaempferol, tiliroside, 5 hydroxy 3,7,8,4’ tetramethoxyflavone, 5,7 dihydroxy 3,8,4’ trimethoxyflavone, 5,7 dihydroxy 4’ methoxyflavone, 5,7,4’ trihydroxy 3,8 dimethoxyflavone and 5,7,4’ trihydroxy 3 methoxyflavone. The major flavonoids were tested for their antimicrobial activity, and the compound 5,7 dihydroxy 3,8,4’ trimethoxyflavone showed strong activity against Escherichia coli (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Candida albicans (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Candida tropicalis (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Candida parapsilosis (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Aspergillus flavus (MIC = 512 μg mL1) and A. fumigantus (MIC = 512 μg mL1). The total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and radical scavenging potential were determined showing its great production of phenolics and flavonoids, along with interesting radical scavenging potential (DPPH EC50 = 6.36 ± 0.029 mg mL 1). Our findings contributed to characterize P. glazioviana as a source of methoxylated flavonoids with antimicrobial potential. Malvaceae (Malvaceae antioxidant remedies medicines Gurke Malva Chapada. Chapada . Chapada” compounds 13 S (S 132S 132(S 17 ethoxyphaeophorbide decanol Z 3β25 3β 3β,2 diol 2 3β24 24 glucopyranoside quercetin acacetin kaempferol tiliroside 3,7,8,4 3784 7 8 4 tetramethoxyflavone 57 5, 3,8,4 384 methoxyflavone 5,7,4 574 38 3, MIC 51 mL1, mL1 , A mL1. content DPPH EC EC5 636 6 36 6.3 0029 0 029 0.02 1. 1 1) P 3β2 3β, 3,7,8, 378 3,8, 5,7, 63 6. 002 02 0.0 3,7,8 37 00 0. 3,7, 3,7

Over the last two decades, metabolomics has emerged as a pivotal tool in multidisciplinary research, providing invaluable insights into metabolome modulations and finding applications across various scientific domains, including medicine and agronomy. Nonetheless, the absence of standardized procedures in sample preparation, data acquisition, and documentation of data quality presents a significant challenge. This review underscores the critical importance of quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) in untargeted metabolomics, advocating for the establishment of agreed-upon QA/QC reporting standards within the scientific community. We discuss the requisite quality controls at various stages of untargeted metabolomics studies, encompassing blank samples, pooled samples, and the utilization of external quality control samples. Methods for assessing accuracy, reproducibility, and identifying/correcting batch effects are addressed. Furthermore, emphasis is placed on standardizing the description of QA/QC data in scientific publications and repositories to foster reproducibility and transparency. We recommend the publication of QC data alongside studies in appropriate databases to facilitate data comparison and sharing among researchers, thereby enhancing the quality of untargeted metabolomics research. In summary, implementing standardized QA/QC data reporting, along with promoting best practices within the untargeted metabolomics community, is crucial for improving result quality and credibility and advancing research utilizing this powerful technique. decades domains agronomy Nonetheless preparation acquisition challenge QAQC QA (QA/QC agreedupon agreed upon community samples accuracy identifyingcorrecting identifying correcting addressed Furthermore transparency researchers summary technique

Exploring the triacylglycerols composition in milk samples from different ruminant species is crucial for dairy product development. Identifying the fatty acid (FA) composition in human milk is essential and is usually performed using gas chromatography (GC). Heat maps are useful for visualizing these results, aiding in pattern identification and relationships between samples and variables. Additionally, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides important qualitative and quantitative information about fatty acids (FA). In the present study, we compare the fatty acid composition in samples of HM, cow milk, and goat milk, as well as to demonstrate their positional distribution in triacylglycerols (TAGs). Human milk contains 49.21% saturated fatty acids (SFAs), 34.32% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and 16.47% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including 2.14% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 13.02% linoleic acid (LA). On the other hand, cow and goat milk have higher proportions of SFAs (56.2 and 58.02%, respectively) and MUFAs (40.56 and 40.95%, respectively), but lower amounts of PUFAs (3.24 and 1.03%, respectively), with significantly lower quantities of DHA (0.03 and 0.43%, respectively) and LA (1.46 and 2.76%, respectively). Additionally, fatty acids in ruminant milk mainly consist of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), with oleic acid being the most abundant. development FA (FA GC. GC . (GC) results variables Additionally NMR (NMR FA. study HM TAGs. TAGs (TAGs) 4921 49 21 49.21 SFAs, , (SFAs) 3432 34 32 34.32 MUFA, MUFA (MUFA) 1647 16 47 16.47 PUFA, PUFA (PUFA) 214 2 14 2.14 (DHA 1302 13 02 13.02 LA. (LA) hand 56.2 562 56 (56. 5802 58 58.02% respectively 40.56 4056 40 (40.5 4095 95 40.95% respectively, 3.24 324 3 24 (3.2 103 1 03 1.03% 0.03 003 0 (0.0 043 43 0.43% 1.46 146 46 (1.4 276 76 2.76% respectively. longchain long chain LCFAs, LCFAs (LCFAs) abundant (GC (TAGs 492 4 49.2 (SFAs 343 34.3 (MUFA 164 16.4 (PUFA 2.1 130 13.0 (LA 56. 5 (56 580 58.02 40.5 405 (40. 409 9 40.95 3.2 (3. 10 1.03 0.0 00 (0. 04 0.43 1.4 (1. 27 7 2.76 (LCFAs 49. 34. 16. 2. 13. (5 58.0 40. (40 40.9 3. (3 1.0 0. (0 0.4 1. (1 2.7 ( 58. (4

RESUMO A busca por novas tecnologias capazes de proporcionar benefícios para uma alimentação saudável tem sido meta mundial. A presença de alimentos ricos em carotenoides pode ser fundamental para prevenir sérios problemas de saúde. Aliar alimentos com altos teores de carotenoides e acessíveis para a maior parte da população é fundamental. A alface (Lactuca sativa L.) se apresenta como uma espécie adequada para investir em pesquisas com biofortificação a partir de melhoramento genético. Assim, o objetivo com este estudo foi selecionar híbridos de alface visando à obtenção de populações com potencial agronômico e biofortificadas para carotenoides. Dez linhagens de alface cadastradas no Software “BG α Biofort” foram utilizadas nas hibridações. Os cruzamentos para obtenção dos híbridos foram planejados envolvendo duas linhagens ricas em pelo menos um dos pigmentos (clorofila e carotenoides) sendo obtidos 24 híbridos experimentais. Foram avaliados 37 genótipos (linhagens, híbridos e cultivares comercias) em delineamento em blocos casualizados quanto as variáveis agronômicas e teores de clorofila e carotenoides. Foi verificado que os híbridos 12 (UFU-189#3#4#1 × UFU MC BIOFORT 2) e 25 (UFU66#4#2 × UFU-189#3#4#1) possuem potencial para obtenção de populações de duplo propósito (produtividade e biofortificada para carotenoide). O híbrido 27 (UFU66#4#2 × UFU MC BIOFORT1) foi o que apresentou maior equilíbrio para pigmentos. Sugere-se a obtenção de populações F2 dos híbridos 12, 25 e 27 visando a obtenção de novas cultivares de alfaces biofortificadas vermelhas e verdes, para os segmentos de alface crespa, americana, mini e romana. mundial saúde Lactuca L. L genético Assim BG Biofort hibridações 2 experimentais 3 linhagens, (linhagens comercias 1 UFU189#3#4#1 UFU189341 189#3#4#1 189 4 (UFU-189#3#4# UFU66#4#2 UFU6642 UFU66 (UFU66#4# UFU-189#3#4#1 produtividade carotenoide. carotenoide . carotenoide) BIOFORT1 Sugerese Sugere F verdes crespa americana romana UFU189 UFU189#3#4# UFU18934 189341 189#3#4# 18 (UFU-189#3#4 UFU66#4# UFU664 UFU6 (UFU66#4 UFU-189#3#4# UFU18 UFU189#3#4 UFU1893 18934 189#3#4 (UFU-189#3# UFU66#4 (UFU66# UFU-189#3#4 UFU1 UFU189#3# 1893 189#3# (UFU-189#3 UFU66# (UFU66 UFU-189#3# UFU189#3 189#3 (UFU-189# (UFU6 UFU-189#3 UFU189# 189# (UFU-189 (UFU UFU-189# (UFU-18 UFU-189 (UFU-1 UFU-18 (UFU- UFU-1 UFU-

ABSTRACT The search for new technologies capable of providing benefits to healthy eating is a global goal. The consumption of foods rich in carotenoids can prevent serious health problems. Thus, the availability of foods high in carotenoids that are accessible to the majority of the population is essential. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a suitable species for biofortification research based on genetic improvements. In this study, we aimed to select and obtain hybrid lettuce populations with high agronomic potential and biofortified carotenoid content. Ten lettuce lines registered in the “BG α Biofort” software were selected for hybridization. The crosses used to obtain the hybrids involved two strains rich in at least one of the pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids), and 24 experimental hybrids were obtained. A total of 37 genotypes (strains, hybrids, and commercial cultivars) were evaluated using a randomized block design for agronomic variables and chlorophyll and carotenoid content. Hybrids 12 (UFU-189#3#4#1 × UFU MC BIOFORT 2) and 25 (UFU66#4#2 × UFU-189#3#4#1) had the potential to produce dual-purpose populations (yield and carotenoid biofortification). Hybrid 27 (UFU66#4#2 × UFU MC BIOFORT1) exhibited the best pigment balance. Thus, F2 hybrids 12, 25, and 27 should be obtained to produce new cultivars of biofortified red and green lettuce for curly, american, mini, and romaine lettuce segments. goal problems Thus essential Lactuca L. L improvements study content BG Biofort hybridization carotenoids, , carotenoids) 2 3 strains, (strains 1 UFU189#3#4#1 UFU189341 189#3#4#1 189 4 (UFU-189#3#4# UFU66#4#2 UFU6642 UFU66 (UFU66#4# UFU-189#3#4#1 dualpurpose dual purpose yield biofortification. . biofortification) BIOFORT1 balance F curly american mini segments UFU189 UFU189#3#4# UFU18934 189341 189#3#4# 18 (UFU-189#3#4 UFU66#4# UFU664 UFU6 (UFU66#4 UFU-189#3#4# UFU18 UFU189#3#4 UFU1893 18934 189#3#4 (UFU-189#3# UFU66#4 (UFU66# UFU-189#3#4 UFU1 UFU189#3# 1893 189#3# (UFU-189#3 UFU66# (UFU66 UFU-189#3# UFU189#3 189#3 (UFU-189# (UFU6 UFU-189#3 UFU189# 189# (UFU-189 (UFU UFU-189# (UFU-18 UFU-189 (UFU-1 UFU-18 (UFU- UFU-1 UFU-

RESUMO O aumento da fertilidade do solo no cultivo de hortaliças apresenta desafios, notadamente usando adubo verde de espécies espontâneas do bioma Caatinga, como a flor-de-seda (Calotropis procera [Ait.] R. Br.). Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar e otimizar as eficiências física e econômica da rúcula em monocultivo, influenciadas por quantidades variáveis de biomassa de flor-de-seda. Um delineamento em blocos casualizados com sete tratamentos e cinco repetições foi utilizado. Os tratamentos consistiram de diferentes quantidades de biomassa de C. procera (20, 40, 60, 80 e 100 t ha-1 em base seca), juntamente com dois tratamentos adicionais em cada bloco: um controle (sem fertilização) e um com fertilização mineral. A cultivar de rúcula "Cultivada" foi adubada para máxima eficiência produtiva usando 63,31 t ha-1 de biomassa seca de C. procera, rendendo 8,45 t ha-1. A maior eficiência agroeconômica otimizada, refletindo uma renda líquida de R$ 111.007,64 por hectare, foi alcançada com 59,26 t ha-1 de biomassa seca de C. procera. A taxa de retorno foi de R$ 4,65 para cada real investido, com um índice de rentabilidade de 77,38%. Assim, utilizar biomassa de C. procera como adubo verde é uma tecnologia viável para produtores de rúcula em regiões semiáridas. desafios Caatinga flordeseda flor seda Calotropis Ait. Ait [Ait. R Br.. Br Br. . Br.) monocultivo flordeseda. seda. utilizado C 20, 20 (20 40 60 8 10 ha1 ha 1 ha- seca, , seca) bloco sem mineral Cultivada "Cultivada 6331 63 31 63,3 845 45 8,4 ha1. 1. otimizada 11100764 111 007 64 111.007,6 hectare 5926 59 26 59,2 465 4 65 4,6 investido 7738 77 38 77,38% Assim semiáridas [Ait 2 (2 6 633 3 63, 84 8, 1110076 11 00 111.007, 592 5 59, 46 4, 773 7 77,38 ( 111007 0 111.007 77,3 11100 111.00 77, 1110 111.0 111.

ABSTRACT Enhancing soil fertility in vegetable cultivation presents challenges, notably using green manure from spontaneous species in the Caatinga biome, such as roostertree (Calotropis procera [Ait.] R. Br.). This study aimed to evaluate and optimize the physical and economic efficiencies of monocropped arugula, as influenced by varying amounts of roostertree biomass. We employed a randomized block design with seven treatments and five replications. Treatments involved different quantities of C. procera biomass (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 t ha-1 on a dry basis), along with two additional treatments in each block: a control (no fertilization) and one with mineral fertilization. The "Cultivada" arugula cultivar was fertilized for maximum productive efficiency using 63.31 t ha-1 of C. procera dry biomass, yielding 8.45 t ha-1. The highest optimized agroeconomic efficiency, reflecting a net income of BRL 111,007.64 per hectare, was achieved with 59.26 t ha-1 of C. procera dry biomass. The return rate was BRL 4.65 for every real investment, with a profitability index of 77.38%. Thus, using C. procera biomass as green manure is a viable technology for arugula producers in semi -arid regions. challenges biome Calotropis Ait. Ait [Ait. R Br.. Br Br. . Br.) replications C 20, 20 (20 40 60 80 10 ha1 ha 1 ha- basis, basis , basis) no fertilization Cultivada "Cultivada 6331 63 31 63.3 845 8 45 8.4 ha1. 1. 11100764 111 007 64 111,007.6 hectare 5926 59 26 59.2 465 4 65 4.6 investment 7738 77 38 77.38% Thus arid regions [Ait 2 (2 6 633 3 63. 84 8. 1110076 11 00 111,007. 592 5 59. 46 4. 773 7 77.38 ( 111007 0 111,007 77.3 11100 111,00 77. 1110 111,0 111,

RESUMO Os estresses abióticos, como as altas temperaturas, são potencializados pelas mudanças climáticas. O feijão-fava apresenta maior tolerância às altas temperaturas em comparação ao feijãocomum. O conhecimento dessa tolerância as altas temperaturas de germoplasma landraces de feijão-fava é importante para o desenvolvimento de programas de melhoramento. Assim, objetivouse com este trabalho verificar a resposta de variedades crioulas de feijão-fava do Banco de germoplasma de Phaseolus da Universidade Federal do Piauí (BGP-UFPI, Brasil) às altas temperaturas, em dois ambientes. Foram avaliadas as cinco variedades crioulas com maior desempenho emissão de flores e vagens formadas (UFPI-945, UFPI1037, UFPI-876, UFPI-1036 e UFPI-1064) e dois ambientes de cultivo natural (29ºC) e controlado (37ºC), utilizando-se o delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro repetições, sendo uma planta por parcela. Realizou-se a análise de variância e o teste Turkey (P < 0,05) para as dozes variáveis quantitativas, seguidas pela correlação de Pearson. Há variabilidade genética em feijão-fava para tolerância à alta temperatura tanto em ambiente natural quanto controlado. Para os caracteres espessura e largura vagem, número de flores, abortamento de flor e de vagem destacaram-se tanto em ambiente natural quanto controlado o genótipo UFPI-1064. A correlação de Pearson aferiu que o ambiente natural, se sobresaiu com correlações positivas e de altas magnitudes em número e o abortamento de flores. Contudo, em ambiente controlado, o número de vagem e número de sementes por vagem também tiveram correlações de altas magnitudes. abióticos climáticas feijãofava feijão fava feijãocomum melhoramento Assim BGPUFPI, BGPUFPI BGP UFPI, UFPI (BGP-UFPI Brasil UFPI945, UFPI945 945, 945 (UFPI-945 UFPI1037 UFPI876, UFPI876 876, 876 UFPI-876 UFPI1036 1036 UFPI-103 UFPI1064 1064 UFPI-1064 29ºC ºC (29ºC 37ºC, 37ºC , (37ºC) utilizandose utilizando acaso repetições parcela Realizouse Realizou P 0,05 005 0 05 quantitativas destacaramse destacaram UFPI1064. 1064. Contudo UFPI94 94 (UFPI-94 UFPI103 UFPI87 87 UFPI-87 103 UFPI-10 UFPI106 106 UFPI-106 (37ºC 0,0 00 UFPI9 9 (UFPI-9 UFPI10 UFPI8 8 UFPI-8 10 UFPI-1 0, (UFPI- UFPI1 UFPI- 1 (UFPI

ABSTRACT Effects of abiotic stresses, such as high temperature, on plants are exacerbated by climate change. Lima beans exhibit higher tolerance to high temperatures than the common beans. Understanding the tolerance of lima bean landrace germplasm to high temperatures is important to improve their breeding. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to examine the high temperature responses of lima bean landrace varieties obtained from the Phaseolus Germplasm Bank at Universidade Federal do Piauí (BGP-UFPI, Brazil) in two environments. Five landraces showing the best performance in emission of flowers and number of pods formed (UFPI-945, UFPI1037, UFPI-876, UFPI-1036, and UFPI-1064) were evaluated in two cultivation environments, natural (29 ºC) and controlled (37 ºC), using a completely randomized design with four replications, with each plot consisting of a single plant. Analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (P < 0.05) were performed for 12 quantitative traits, followed by Pearson’s correlation analysis. Lima beans exhibited genetic variability in high temperature tolerance in both natural and controlled environments. Specifically, UFPI-1064 exhibited superior performance with higher pod thickness and width and number of flowers and lower flower and pod abortion than the other varieties in both natural and controlled environments. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed positive and strong correlations between the number of flowers and flower abortion in the natural environment and number of pods and seeds per pod in the controlled environment. stresses change breeding Therefore study BGPUFPI, BGPUFPI BGP UFPI, UFPI (BGP-UFPI Brazil environments UFPI945, UFPI945 945, 945 (UFPI-945 UFPI1037 UFPI876, UFPI876 876, 876 UFPI-876 UFPI1036, UFPI1036 1036, 1036 UFPI-1036 UFPI1064 1064 29 (2 ºC 37 (3 ºC, , replications plant Tukeys Tukey s P 0.05 005 0 05 1 traits Pearsons Pearson Specifically UFPI-106 UFPI94 94 (UFPI-94 UFPI103 UFPI87 87 UFPI-87 103 UFPI-103 UFPI106 106 2 ( 3 0.0 00 UFPI-10 UFPI9 9 (UFPI-9 UFPI10 UFPI8 8 UFPI-8 10 0. UFPI-1 (UFPI- UFPI1 UFPI- (UFPI

RESUMO Compostos derivados de petróleo presentes no solo podem comprometer o crescimento das plantas e inibir o desenvolvimento da população microbiana. Esses contaminantes diminuem a porosidade do solo, dificultam a absorção de água e podem interromper processos metabólicos das plantas. Assim, nesta pesquisa buscou-se avaliar os efeitos da presença no solo de três hidrocarbonetos no solo sobre o crescimento e desenvolvimento de espécies forrageiras e nos indicadores microbiológicos do solo. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação no delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em fatorial de 5×4, sendo o primeiro fator constituído pelas espécies avaliadas (Pennisetum glaucum, Zea mays, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Panicum maximum e Sorghum bicolor), e o segundo fator correspondendo a presença dos contaminantes: benzeno, tolueno ou xileno e solo sem contaminante. As espécies foram cultivadas por 42 dias. A tolerância das espécies dependeu do tipo de contaminante presente no solo. A massa seca total da P. glaucum foi reduzida em 26%, 10% e 32% para o tolueno, benzeno e xileno, respectivamente. Z. mays teve o crescimento reduzido na presença do tolueno (13%) e do benzeno (21%). S. bicolor teve sua matéria seca aumentada em 58% com o xileno. B. ruziziensis e P. maximum foram tolerantes para todos os contaminantes. A magnitude dos efeitos dos contaminantes nos indicadores microbiológicos do solo dependeu da espécie cultivada. A tolerância das plantas e da comunidade microbiana do solo aos contaminantes depende da espécie forrageira utilizada e deve ser aspecto importante para a seleção de plantas para recuperação de áreas degradadas. Assim buscouse buscou se casualizados repetições 54 5 4 5×4 Pennisetum bicolor, , bicolor) dias P 26 26% 10 32 respectivamente Z 13% 13 (13% 21%. 21 21% . (21%) S 58 B cultivada degradadas 5× 2 1 3 (13 (21% (1 (21 ( (2

ABSTRACT Oil-derived compounds present in the soil can compromise plant growth and inhibit the development of the microbial population. These contaminants reduce soil porosity, hinder water absorption, and can disrupt plant metabolic processes. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of the presence of three hydrocarbons in the soil on the growth and development of forage species and on soil microbiological indicators. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using a randomized block design with four replications. Treatments were arranged in a 5×4 factorial, with the first factor consisting of the species evaluated (Pennisetum glaucum, Zea mays, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Panicum maximum and Sorghum bicolor) and the second factor corresponding to the presence of contaminants: benzene, toluene or xylene and soil without contaminants. The species were grown for 42 days. The tolerance of the species depended on the type of contaminant present in the soil. The total dry matter of P. glaucum was reduced by 26%, 10% and 32% for toluene, benzene and xylene, respectively. Z. mays had its growth reduced in the presence of toluene (13%) and benzene (21%). S. bicolor had its dry matter increased by 58% with xylene. B. ruziziensis and P. maximum were tolerant to all contaminants. The magnitude of the effects of contaminants on soil microbiological indicators depended on the species grown. The tolerance of plants and soil microbial community to contaminants depends on the forage species used and should be an important aspect when selecting plants to restore degraded areas. Oilderived Oil derived population porosity absorption processes replications 54 5 4 5× factorial Pennisetum days P 26 26% 10 32 respectively Z 13% 13 (13% 21%. 21 21% . (21%) S 58 B areas 2 1 3 (13 (21% (1 (21 ( (2

RESUMO O aporte de resíduos vegetais ao longo dos ciclos da cana-de-açúcar favorece o incremento de matéria orgânica e atividade de microrganismos no solo, especialmente nas camadas superficiais. A textura do solo também tem um efeito importante nos processos ecológicos e na qualidade do solo. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar atributos biológicos do solo em diferentes ciclos de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar sob colheita mecanizada, em um Latossolo da região de cerrado do Brasil Central. O estudo foi realizado em áreas comerciais de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar na safra 2018/2019, consideradas homogêneas em termos de condições edafoclimáticas, tendo como fonte de variação entre as áreas os ciclos de cultivo (C1: um ciclo de cultivo; C3: três ciclos de cultivo; C7: sete ciclos de cultivo) e uma área de vegetação de cerrado selecionada como referência. Foram determinadas variáveis microbiológicas nas camadas de 0-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 m. As variáveis relacionados à biomassa microbiana e textura foram submetidos à análise de componentes principais. Áreas com ciclos de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar mais longos apresentaram maior proporção de carbono da biomassa microbiana no carbono orgânico total nas camadas subterrâneas (quociente microbiano). O desempenho da comunidade microbiana do solo, expresso pelos indicadores carbono orgânico total e nitrogênio da biomassa microbiana foi associado à maior presença de argila e silte, ou seja, partículas de solo menores que 0,02 mm. canadeaçúcar cana açúcar superficiais sentido mecanizada Central 20182019 2018 2019 2018/2019 edafoclimáticas C1 C (C1 C3 C7 referência 00,10 0010 0 0,10 10 0-0,1 0,100,20 010020 0,20 20 0,10-0,2 m principais quociente microbiano. microbiano . microbiano) silte seja 002 02 0,0 mm 2018201 201 2018/201 (C 00 00,1 001 010 0,1 1 0-0, 100 0,100,2 01002 020 0,2 2 0,10-0, 0, 201820 2018/20 00, 01 0-0 0,100, 0100 0,10-0 20182 2018/2 0- 0,100 0,10- 2018/

ABSTRACT The contribution of plant residues throughout the sugarcane cycles favors the increase of organic matter and the activity of microorganisms in the soil, especially in the surface layers. Soil texture also has an important effect on ecological processes and soil quality. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate soil biological attributes in different sugarcane cultivation cycles under mechanized harvesting in an Oxisol in the Savanna region of Central Brazil. The study was conducted in commercial areas under sugarcane cultivation during the 2018/2019 season, which were considered homogeneous in terms of soil and climatic conditions, with the source of variation among the areas being the cultivation cycles (C1: one cultivation cycle; C3: three cultivation cycles; C7: seven cultivation cycles) and a savanna vegetation area selected as a reference. Microbiological variables were determined in two layers, 0-0.1 and 0.1-0.2 m. The variables related to microbial biomass and texture were subjected to principal component analysis. Areas with longer sugarcane cultivation cycles show higher proportion of microbial biomass carbon in the total organic carbon in subsurface layers (microbial quotient). The performance of the soil microbial community, as expressed by total organic carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen indicators, was associated with higher presence of clay and silt, i.e., soil particles smaller than 0.02 mm. quality context Brazil 20182019 2018 2019 2018/201 season conditions C1 C (C1 cycle C3 C7 reference 00.1 001 0 0.1 1 0-0. 0.10.2 0102 0.2 2 0.1-0. m analysis quotient. quotient . quotient) community indicators silt ie i e i.e. 002 02 0.0 mm 2018201 201 2018/20 (C 00 00. 01 0. 0-0 10 0.10. 010 0.1-0 i.e 201820 20 2018/2 0- 0.10 0.1- 20182 2018/

RESUMO A avaliação nutricional em mangueiras baseada em métodos diagnósticos que consideram o equilíbrio nutricional tem sido recomendada. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: estabelecer faixas nutricionais ótimas por métodos diagnósticos e compará-las entre si; identificar o método diagnóstico mais eficiente na determinação de desequilíbrios nutricionais; e selecionar os nutrientes que melhor respondem à aplicação do método diagnóstico. O estudo foi realizado em pomares comerciais de mangueira no Vale do São Francisco-PE, Brasil. Foram calculados os teores nutricionais pelos métodos Sistema Integrado de Diagnóstico e Recomendação (DRIS-Beaufils, DRIS-Jones), DRIS Modificado (M-DRIS-Beaufils; M-DRIS-Jones), Diagnose da Composicão Nutricional (CND) e Chance Matemática (ChM) e comparados entre si pelo teste qui-quadrado. A análise de componentes principais foi aplicada para selecionar o método diagnóstico mais eficiente e os nutrientes responsáveis pela maior variabilidade. Os métodos DRIS Beaufils, M-DRIS Beaufils, DRIS Jones, M-DRIS Jones, CND e ChM geraram faixas de suficiência nutricional para as cultivares avaliadas. Os diagnósticos nutricionais dos métodos DRIS-Beaufils e M-DRIS Beaufius foram semelhantes entre si e discordantes dos métodos DRIS-Jones, M-DRIS-Jones e CND que foram semelhantes. O método DRIS Beaufils atualizado por Maia mostrou-se mais consistente na avaliação nutricional de mangueiras. Os nutrientes N, P, K, Mg e S na cultivar Tommy Atkins; N, P, Mg, S, B, Mn, Zn, Mo e Cl na cultivar Kent; e N, P, K, Ca, S, B, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mo e Cl na cultivar Keitt apresentam potencial de resposta significativa à aplicação do método DRIS-Beaufils atualizado por Maia. recomendada comparálas compará las FranciscoPE, FranciscoPE Francisco PE, PE Francisco-PE Brasil DRISBeaufils, DRISBeaufils (DRIS-Beaufils DRISJones, DRISJones Jones , DRIS-Jones) MDRISBeaufils M (M-DRIS-Beaufils MDRISJones, MDRISJones M-DRIS-Jones) (CND (ChM quiquadrado. quiquadrado qui quadrado. quadrado qui-quadrado variabilidade MDRIS avaliadas DRIS-Jones mostrouse mostrou se N P K Atkins B Mn Zn Kent Ca Cu Fe

ABSTRACT Nutritional assessment of mango trees based on diagnostic methods considering nutritional balance is recommended. This study aimed to establish optimum nutritional ranges using diagnostic methods, compare them, identify the most efficient diagnostic method, and select the nutrients responding best to the application of the diagnostic method. The study was conducted in commercial mango orchards in the São Francisco Valley. Nutritional content was calculated using the diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS-Beaufils, DRIS-Jones), modified DRIS (M-DRIS-Beaufils; M-DRIS-Jones), compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND), and mathematical chance (ChM) methods and compared using the chi-square test. Principal component analysis was applied to select the most efficient diagnostic method and the nutrients responsible for the greatest variability. The DRIS-Beaufils, M-DRIS-Beaufils, DRIS-Jones, M-DRIS-Jones, CND, and ChM methods generated nutritional sufficiency ranges for the evaluated cultivars. The nutritional diagnoses of the DRIS-Beaufils and M-DRIS-Beaufils methods were similar and discordant with those of DRIS-Jones, M-DRIS-Jones, and CND. The DRIS-Beaufils method, updated by Maia, proved to be more consistent for the nutritional assessment of mango trees. The nutrients N, P, K, Mg, and S in the Tommy Atkins cultivar; N, P, Mg, S, B, Mn, Zn, Mo, and Cl in the Kent cultivar; and N, P, K, Ca, S, B, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mo, and Cl in the Keitt cultivar showed significant responses to the application of the DRIS-Beaufils method updated by Maia. recommended them Valley DRISBeaufils, DRISBeaufils Beaufils, Beaufils (DRIS-Beaufils DRISJones, DRISJones Jones , DRIS-Jones) MDRISBeaufils M (M-DRIS-Beaufils MDRISJones, MDRISJones M-DRIS-Jones) CND (CND) (ChM chisquare chi square test variability MDRISBeaufils, Jones, DRIS-Jones M-DRIS-Jones cultivars Maia N P K Mg B Mn Zn Mo Ca Cu Fe (CND

Abstract The objective of this study was to examine the impact of a high-fat finishing diet on the in vivo performance, anatomical and carcass characteristics, and meat quality of adult culled goats. Over a period of 28 days leading up to slaughter, eighteen adult culled goats were subjected to a finishing diet provided in quantities sufficient to meet 3.0 times the nutritional requirements of adult non-dairy maintenance goats. The female goats were divided into two groups: one fed with the baseline diet without fat supplementation (n = 9) and the other fed a diet concentrated supplemented with whole full-fat linseed (n = 9). The diets varied in fat content (2.8% vs. 8.4% DM). The high-fat group exhibited a higher dry matter intake compared to the control group (+37%), along with elevated plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The control group experienced a significant decrease in daily weight gain between the second and final week of the finishing period (-70%), in contrast to the increase observed in the high-fat group (+59%). At slaughter, no differences were noted between the groups in anatomical and carcass characteristics. Additionally, no differences were found between the diets regarding proximate composition, pH, yellow color component, and lightness of loin. The high-fat group exhibited a higher redness of loin. The inclusion of high-fat levels in finishing diets for culled adult goats allows for increased feed intake and performance but does not appear to affect carcass or meat quality.

Abstract Objective: To assess the relationship between internet addiction, quality of life, and sleep problems among adolescents. Method: This research was conducted with a representative sample of 875 adolescents. This cross-sectional study used the Internet Addiction Test, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ version 4.0, Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale, and sleep duration. Sociodemographic factors were also analyzed. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate relationships between variables. Results: After adjusting the model for covariances between the latent variables of daytime sleepiness and correlations between the physical and emotional domains of quality of life, the authors obtained satisfactory fit indices (RMSEA = 0.031, CFI = 0.926, TLI = 0.909, SRMR = 0.058). Internet addiction was positively associated with daytime sleepiness (rho = 0.549, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with quality of life (rho = –0.173, p < 0.001). By contrast, sleep duration was negatively associated with daytime sleepiness (rho = –0.089, p = 0.007), positively associated with quality of life (rho = 0.105, p = 0.014), and dependent on school shift (rho = 0.453, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Adolescents with higher levels of internet addiction had lower perceptions of quality of life and higher daytime sleepiness. Moreover, sleep duration had a positive correlation with quality of life. Given its detrimental effects on quality of life and daytime sleepiness, parents should better supervise internet use in adolescents. Objective adolescents Method 87 crosssectional cross sectional Test Inventory 40 4 0 4.0 Scale analyzed Results RMSEA 0031 031 0.031 0926 926 0.926 0909 909 0.909 0.058. 0058 0.058 . 058 0.058) rho 0549 549 0.549 0.001 0001 001 0173 173 –0.173 0.001. contrast 0089 089 –0.089 0.007, 0007 0.007 , 007 0.007) 0105 105 0.105 0.014, 0014 0.014 014 0.014) 0453 453 0.453 Conclusions Moreover 8 4. 003 03 0.03 092 92 0.92 090 90 0.90 005 0.05 05 054 54 0.54 0.00 000 00 017 17 –0.17 008 08 –0.08 010 10 0.10 0.01 01 045 45 0.45 0.0 09 9 0.9 5 0.5 1 –0.1 –0.0 0.1 04 0.4 0. –0. –0 –