The use of materials such as organofunctionalized silica for application in solid phase extraction (SPE) allows the preconcentration of several ions, including Pt, and subsequent detection. This work aims to synthesize and characterize an organofunctionalized silica (Sil-TMSDT) with the silylant N’(trimethoxysilyl)propylethylenetriamine and its application as a solid phase in the preconcentration Pt4+ ions in aqueous media, using detection by flame atomization atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the aminofunctionalization of the silica. For the adsorption process, a preconcentration mini-column with 200 mg of Sil-TMSDT, a solution of 0.485 mg L−1 of K2[PtCl6] at pH 10 and HNO3 0.5 mol L−1 as eluent were used, obtaining an enrichment factor of 15-fold with retention efficiency higher than 99%. The Pt4+ ion determined by FAAS showed a linear response between 0.02 and 0.40 mg L−1; a linear coefficient where R = 0.9981; a 16-fold preconcentration factor; a limit of quantification (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) of 0.045 and 0.014 mg L−1, respectively. The proposal system showed analytical applicability to determining Pt4+ ion in an aqueous medium and could be used to detect traces of this potentially toxic metal in biological fluids such as urine and blood. SPE (SPE Pt SilTMSDT Sil TMSDT (Sil-TMSDT Ntrimethoxysilylpropylethylenetriamine N trimethoxysilyl propylethylenetriamine Pt4 media FAAS. . (FAAS) Fouriertransform Fourier transform FTIR (FTIR SEM (SEM energydispersive energy dispersive EDS (EDS process minicolumn mini column 20 SilTMSDT, TMSDT, Sil-TMSDT 0485 0 485 0.48 L1 L 1 L− K2PtCl6 KPtCl K2 PtCl6 K PtCl K2[PtCl6 HNO 05 5 0. 15fold fold 15 99 99% 002 02 0.0 040 40 0.4 0.9981 09981 9981 16fold 16 LOQ (LOQ LOD (LOD 0045 045 0.04 0014 014 0.01 respectively blood (FAAS 2 048 48 K2PtCl K2[PtCl 9 00 04 4 0.998 0998 998 004 001 01 0.99 099 0.9 09

Worldwide, millions of people suffer from neurological and psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia, depression, and neurodegenerative diseases. These conditions are often linked to hyperactivity of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) in the brain, and inhibiting this enzyme can reduce oxidative stress, stabilize neurotransmitter levels, and alleviate symptoms. In this context, a pharmacophoric model was created using PharmaGist with 31 hits extracted from BindingDB to enable a pharmacophoric-based search of potential MAO-B inhibitors in ZincPharmer’s chemical space, followed by the building of 10 conformers for each molecule in the software OMEGA, screening for structural and electrostatic similarity to safinamide using ROCS (Rapid overlay of chemical structures) and EON (Electrostatic similarity for lead-hopping), respectively. In addition, the molecular docking with Gold using the score function was performed to rank the ligands with the highest probabilities of affinity to MAO-B and then discriminate those with suitable physical chemical, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological features using the tools QikProp, SwissADME, and DEREK. Four potential ligands with selective MAO-B inhibitor properties were identified, which show promise as future therapeutic agents for MAO-B-related disorders. Worldwide schizophrenia depression diseases MAOB MAO (MAO-B brain stress levels symptoms context 3 pharmacophoricbased based ZincPharmers ZincPharmer s space 1 OMEGA Rapid structures Electrostatic leadhopping, leadhopping lead hopping , lead-hopping) respectively addition pharmacokinetic QikProp SwissADME DEREK identified MAOBrelated related disorders lead-hopping

This study aimed to employ bibliometric methodologies to provide an overview of silver nanoparticles used as antimicrobial agents over the past decade. According to research conducted using the Scopus and Web of Science databases, a total of 2504 articles were published globally, of which 109 were from Brazilian institutions. Notably, approximately 70% of the leading article-producing countries are in Asia, with India emerging as the primary contributor with 1892 articles. Brazil ranked sixth in terms of publication volume, contributing 366 articles. Predominantly, the Southeastern region of Brazil exhibited the highest publication output, constituting 61% of the total, with the state of São Paulo playing a central role. Despite a gradual increase in the number of publications, most studies focused on synthesis methodologies, mainly producing aqueous silver nanoparticle solutions and their correlation with antimicrobial applications. The scarcity of publications addressing their efficacy in final commercialized products poses challenges for regulatory actions, quality control, and sanitary surveillance. Bibliometric studies are valuable tools for guiding future research efforts with significant potential impacts to foster a deeper understanding of this topic within the scientific community. decade databases 250 globally 10 institutions Notably 70 articleproducing article Asia 189 volume 36 Predominantly output 61 role applications actions control surveillance community 25 1 7 18 3 6 2

Fruits of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi were investigated. A fast and efficient method for the simultaneous determination of 11 polyphenolic substances by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) was applied. Limits of quantification ranged between 0.78 and 3.14 mg L-1. High concentrations of kaempferol were found. An exploratory evaluation was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) for fruit origin differentiation. Total phenolic content (TPC) ranged from 274 to 517 mg GAE 100 g-1; total flavonoid content (TFC) ranged from 101 to 283 mg QE 100 g-1. In vitro analyses showed that antioxidant capacity with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) ranged from 1.7 to 7 µM DPPH 100 g-1. The bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect were also evaluated against: Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella choleraesuis, Candida albicans and C. glabrata, using broth microdilution assay. It can be inferred that S. terebinthifolia Raddi fruit has the potential to act as an ally in the search for new alternatives in the action against pathogens, and it can be used as a potential natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. Metals (Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn and Zn) were also determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), with emphasis on high concentrations of Mg, Zn and Fe. investigated 1 chromatographydiode chromatography diode HPLCDAD HPLC DAD (HPLC-DAD applied 078 0 78 0.7 314 3 14 3.1 L1. L1 L 1. L-1 found PCA (PCA differentiation TPC (TPC 27 51 10 g1 g g-1 TFC (TFC 28 g1. 2,2diphenyl1picrylhydrazyl 22diphenyl1picrylhydrazyl diphenylpicrylhydrazyl 2,2 diphenyl picrylhydrazyl 2 (DPPH 17 subtilis B cereus aureus coli aeruginosa choleraesuis C glabrata assay S pathogens agent Cu, Cu (Cu Fe Mg FAAS, FAAS , (FAAS) 07 0. 31 3. L- 5 g- 2diphenyl1picrylhydrazyl 22 2, (FAAS

The essential oil extracted from Anemia tomentosa (EOAT) has shown larvicidal potential against Aedes aegypti, based on methods in vitro and in silico. Chromatographic and spectrometric techniques (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG-MS), gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID)), as well as mono and bidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) were used to assess 10 essential oil components. Chemical composition of essential oil comprised 87.51% sesquiterpenes, with emphasis on presilphiperfolan-1-ol (42.13%) and silphiperfol-5-ene (19.47%). Larvicidal assay conducted in vitro with EOAT has evidenced potential cytotoxic activity up to 48 h exposure to it; mortality rate observed for A. aegypti larvae exposed to essential oil reached 100%. Study conducted in silico with chemical compounds deriving from the herein investigated plant species has evidenced its potential to inhibit acetylcholinesterase in A. aegypti. Activity of triquinane sesquiterpenes ranging from -6.8 to -8.2 kcal mol-1 stood out in comparison to that of temephos (-7.5 kcal mol-1). Chemical compounds identified in the investigated essential oil presented low human and environmental toxicity, as observed in absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, and toxicity (ADMETox) predictions. (EOAT chromatographymass chromatography mass CGMS, CGMS CG MS , (CG-MS) chromatographyflame flame GCFID, GCFID GC FID (GC-FID)) NMR (NMR 1 components 8751 87 51 87.51 presilphiperfolan1ol presilphiperfolanol presilphiperfolan ol 42.13% 4213 42 13 (42.13% silphiperfol5ene silphiperfolene silphiperfol 5 ene 19.47%. 1947 19.47% . 19 47 (19.47%) 4 it A 100 100% 6.8 68 6 8 -6. 8.2 82 2 -8. mol1 mol mol- 7.5 75 7 (-7. mol1. mol-1) absorption distribution excretion ADMETox (ADMETox predictions (CG-MS (GC-FID) 875 87.5 42.13 421 (42.13 194 19.47 (19.47% 6. -6 8. -8 7. (-7 (GC-FID 87. 42.1 (42.1 19.4 (19.47 - (- 42. (42. 19. (19.4 ( (42 (19. (4 (19 (1

Species from Pavonia genus (Malvaceae) are traditionally used as antioxidant, n anti inflammatory and antimicrobial remedies. Previous studies have revealed their diversity of specialized metabolites widely used in the development of new medicines. This is the first study on Pavonia glazioviana Gurke, a Brazilian species known as “Malva da Chapada”. The research led to identify fifteen compounds: 132 (S) hydroxy pheophytin a; and 132(S) hydroxy 173 ethoxyphaeophorbide, n decanol, cycloart 23Z ene 3β,25 diol, cycloart 24S 25 ene 3β,24 diol, sitosterol 3 O β D glucopyranoside, stigmasterol 3 O β D glucopyranoside, quercetin, acacetin, kaempferol, tiliroside, 5 hydroxy 3,7,8,4’ tetramethoxyflavone, 5,7 dihydroxy 3,8,4’ trimethoxyflavone, 5,7 dihydroxy 4’ methoxyflavone, 5,7,4’ trihydroxy 3,8 dimethoxyflavone and 5,7,4’ trihydroxy 3 methoxyflavone. The major flavonoids were tested for their antimicrobial activity, and the compound 5,7 dihydroxy 3,8,4’ trimethoxyflavone showed strong activity against Escherichia coli (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Candida albicans (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Candida tropicalis (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Candida parapsilosis (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Aspergillus flavus (MIC = 512 μg mL1) and A. fumigantus (MIC = 512 μg mL1). The total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and radical scavenging potential were determined showing its great production of phenolics and flavonoids, along with interesting radical scavenging potential (DPPH EC50 = 6.36 ± 0.029 mg mL 1). Our findings contributed to characterize P. glazioviana as a source of methoxylated flavonoids with antimicrobial potential. Malvaceae (Malvaceae antioxidant remedies medicines Gurke Malva Chapada. Chapada . Chapada” compounds 13 S (S 132S 132(S 17 ethoxyphaeophorbide decanol Z 3β25 3β 3β,2 diol 2 3β24 24 glucopyranoside quercetin acacetin kaempferol tiliroside 3,7,8,4 3784 7 8 4 tetramethoxyflavone 57 5, 3,8,4 384 methoxyflavone 5,7,4 574 38 3, MIC 51 mL1, mL1 , A mL1. content DPPH EC EC5 636 6 36 6.3 0029 0 029 0.02 1. 1 1) P 3β2 3β, 3,7,8, 378 3,8, 5,7, 63 6. 002 02 0.0 3,7,8 37 00 0. 3,7, 3,7

Alfred Schaeffer (1879-1957) was a German chemist who arrived in Minas Gerais in 1911 hired by the state government to organize the state health service in its newly established capital. He directed the Laboratory of Chemical Analysis of the State, and his analytical methods in dairy and mineral waters became a reference in Brazil. He also became professor of Chemistry at the new Faculty of Medicine of Belo Horizonte and founded the Chemistry Institute of the Engineering School in that city, influencing several students who became important names in Brazilian science. In addition, he was responsible for the assembly and technical coordination of pioneering industries in the dairy and wood distillation sector in the city of Santos Dumont. Later he assumed the post of technical director of Merck, also in Minas Gerais. Moving to Rio de Janeiro, he assumed a chair at the Technical School, working in teaching and research, and remained active even after retiring, publishing in important scientific journals. 18791957 1879 1957 (1879-1957 191 capital State Brazil science addition Dumont Merck Janeiro research retiring journals 1879195 187 195 (1879-195 19 187919 18 (1879-19 1 18791 (1879-1 (1879- (1879 (187 (18 (1 (

In the present work, three series of cinnamic (1), p-coumaric (2) and ferulic (3) esters containing different side-chains such as ethyl (1a-3a), n-propyl (1b-3b), n-butyl (1c-3c), n-pentyl (1d-3d), n-hexyl (1e-3e), and n-heptyl (1f-3f) were prepared, tested for activity against trypomastigote forms of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and toxicity against NCTC cells. Obtained results indicated that the presence of p-coumaric or ferulic moieties associated with C4-C7 linear side-chains play an important role in the bioactivity against T. cruzi since compounds 2c-2f and 3d-3f were found to be the most active derivatives with a half maximal effective concentration (EC50) value ranging from 12.8 to 1.7 μM, superior to that determined for the positive control benznidazole (EC50 = 16.4 μM). Additionally, machine learning and multivariate statistical analyses identified molecular features correlated with biological activity, emphasizing the importance of side-chain length and lipophilicity, highlighting the significance of the molecular structure of phenylpropanoid derivatives in the activity against T. cruzi. work 1, 1 , (1) pcoumaric p coumaric 2 (2 3 (3 sidechains side chains 1a3a, 1a3a aa 1a 3a (1a-3a) npropyl n propyl 1b3b, 1b3b bb 1b 3b b (1b-3b) nbutyl butyl 1c3c, 1c3c cc 1c 3c c (1c-3c) npentyl pentyl 1d3d, 1d3d dd 1d 3d d (1d-3d) nhexyl hexyl 1e3e, 1e3e ee 1e 3e e (1e-3e) nheptyl heptyl 1f3f ff 1f 3f f (1f-3f prepared cells C4C7 CC C4 C7 C C4-C T 2c2f cf 2c 2f 3d3f df EC50 EC 128 12 8 12. 17 7 1. μM (EC5 164 16 4 16. μM. . μM) Additionally sidechain chain lipophilicity (1 ( (1a-3a (1b-3b (1c-3c (1d-3d (1e-3e C4C EC5 (EC

Exploring the triacylglycerols composition in milk samples from different ruminant species is crucial for dairy product development. Identifying the fatty acid (FA) composition in human milk is essential and is usually performed using gas chromatography (GC). Heat maps are useful for visualizing these results, aiding in pattern identification and relationships between samples and variables. Additionally, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides important qualitative and quantitative information about fatty acids (FA). In the present study, we compare the fatty acid composition in samples of HM, cow milk, and goat milk, as well as to demonstrate their positional distribution in triacylglycerols (TAGs). Human milk contains 49.21% saturated fatty acids (SFAs), 34.32% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and 16.47% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including 2.14% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 13.02% linoleic acid (LA). On the other hand, cow and goat milk have higher proportions of SFAs (56.2 and 58.02%, respectively) and MUFAs (40.56 and 40.95%, respectively), but lower amounts of PUFAs (3.24 and 1.03%, respectively), with significantly lower quantities of DHA (0.03 and 0.43%, respectively) and LA (1.46 and 2.76%, respectively). Additionally, fatty acids in ruminant milk mainly consist of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), with oleic acid being the most abundant. development FA (FA GC. GC . (GC) results variables Additionally NMR (NMR FA. study HM TAGs. TAGs (TAGs) 4921 49 21 49.21 SFAs, , (SFAs) 3432 34 32 34.32 MUFA, MUFA (MUFA) 1647 16 47 16.47 PUFA, PUFA (PUFA) 214 2 14 2.14 (DHA 1302 13 02 13.02 LA. (LA) hand 56.2 562 56 (56. 5802 58 58.02% respectively 40.56 4056 40 (40.5 4095 95 40.95% respectively, 3.24 324 3 24 (3.2 103 1 03 1.03% 0.03 003 0 (0.0 043 43 0.43% 1.46 146 46 (1.4 276 76 2.76% respectively. longchain long chain LCFAs, LCFAs (LCFAs) abundant (GC (TAGs 492 4 49.2 (SFAs 343 34.3 (MUFA 164 16.4 (PUFA 2.1 130 13.0 (LA 56. 5 (56 580 58.02 40.5 405 (40. 409 9 40.95 3.2 (3. 10 1.03 0.0 00 (0. 04 0.43 1.4 (1. 27 7 2.76 (LCFAs 49. 34. 16. 2. 13. (5 58.0 40. (40 40.9 3. (3 1.0 0. (0 0.4 1. (1 2.7 ( 58. (4

RESUMO A busca por novas tecnologias capazes de proporcionar benefícios para uma alimentação saudável tem sido meta mundial. A presença de alimentos ricos em carotenoides pode ser fundamental para prevenir sérios problemas de saúde. Aliar alimentos com altos teores de carotenoides e acessíveis para a maior parte da população é fundamental. A alface (Lactuca sativa L.) se apresenta como uma espécie adequada para investir em pesquisas com biofortificação a partir de melhoramento genético. Assim, o objetivo com este estudo foi selecionar híbridos de alface visando à obtenção de populações com potencial agronômico e biofortificadas para carotenoides. Dez linhagens de alface cadastradas no Software “BG α Biofort” foram utilizadas nas hibridações. Os cruzamentos para obtenção dos híbridos foram planejados envolvendo duas linhagens ricas em pelo menos um dos pigmentos (clorofila e carotenoides) sendo obtidos 24 híbridos experimentais. Foram avaliados 37 genótipos (linhagens, híbridos e cultivares comercias) em delineamento em blocos casualizados quanto as variáveis agronômicas e teores de clorofila e carotenoides. Foi verificado que os híbridos 12 (UFU-189#3#4#1 × UFU MC BIOFORT 2) e 25 (UFU66#4#2 × UFU-189#3#4#1) possuem potencial para obtenção de populações de duplo propósito (produtividade e biofortificada para carotenoide). O híbrido 27 (UFU66#4#2 × UFU MC BIOFORT1) foi o que apresentou maior equilíbrio para pigmentos. Sugere-se a obtenção de populações F2 dos híbridos 12, 25 e 27 visando a obtenção de novas cultivares de alfaces biofortificadas vermelhas e verdes, para os segmentos de alface crespa, americana, mini e romana. mundial saúde Lactuca L. L genético Assim BG Biofort hibridações 2 experimentais 3 linhagens, (linhagens comercias 1 UFU189#3#4#1 UFU189341 189#3#4#1 189 4 (UFU-189#3#4# UFU66#4#2 UFU6642 UFU66 (UFU66#4# UFU-189#3#4#1 produtividade carotenoide. carotenoide . carotenoide) BIOFORT1 Sugerese Sugere F verdes crespa americana romana UFU189 UFU189#3#4# UFU18934 189341 189#3#4# 18 (UFU-189#3#4 UFU66#4# UFU664 UFU6 (UFU66#4 UFU-189#3#4# UFU18 UFU189#3#4 UFU1893 18934 189#3#4 (UFU-189#3# UFU66#4 (UFU66# UFU-189#3#4 UFU1 UFU189#3# 1893 189#3# (UFU-189#3 UFU66# (UFU66 UFU-189#3# UFU189#3 189#3 (UFU-189# (UFU6 UFU-189#3 UFU189# 189# (UFU-189 (UFU UFU-189# (UFU-18 UFU-189 (UFU-1 UFU-18 (UFU- UFU-1 UFU-

ABSTRACT The search for new technologies capable of providing benefits to healthy eating is a global goal. The consumption of foods rich in carotenoids can prevent serious health problems. Thus, the availability of foods high in carotenoids that are accessible to the majority of the population is essential. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a suitable species for biofortification research based on genetic improvements. In this study, we aimed to select and obtain hybrid lettuce populations with high agronomic potential and biofortified carotenoid content. Ten lettuce lines registered in the “BG α Biofort” software were selected for hybridization. The crosses used to obtain the hybrids involved two strains rich in at least one of the pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids), and 24 experimental hybrids were obtained. A total of 37 genotypes (strains, hybrids, and commercial cultivars) were evaluated using a randomized block design for agronomic variables and chlorophyll and carotenoid content. Hybrids 12 (UFU-189#3#4#1 × UFU MC BIOFORT 2) and 25 (UFU66#4#2 × UFU-189#3#4#1) had the potential to produce dual-purpose populations (yield and carotenoid biofortification). Hybrid 27 (UFU66#4#2 × UFU MC BIOFORT1) exhibited the best pigment balance. Thus, F2 hybrids 12, 25, and 27 should be obtained to produce new cultivars of biofortified red and green lettuce for curly, american, mini, and romaine lettuce segments. goal problems Thus essential Lactuca L. L improvements study content BG Biofort hybridization carotenoids, , carotenoids) 2 3 strains, (strains 1 UFU189#3#4#1 UFU189341 189#3#4#1 189 4 (UFU-189#3#4# UFU66#4#2 UFU6642 UFU66 (UFU66#4# UFU-189#3#4#1 dualpurpose dual purpose yield biofortification. . biofortification) BIOFORT1 balance F curly american mini segments UFU189 UFU189#3#4# UFU18934 189341 189#3#4# 18 (UFU-189#3#4 UFU66#4# UFU664 UFU6 (UFU66#4 UFU-189#3#4# UFU18 UFU189#3#4 UFU1893 18934 189#3#4 (UFU-189#3# UFU66#4 (UFU66# UFU-189#3#4 UFU1 UFU189#3# 1893 189#3# (UFU-189#3 UFU66# (UFU66 UFU-189#3# UFU189#3 189#3 (UFU-189# (UFU6 UFU-189#3 UFU189# 189# (UFU-189 (UFU UFU-189# (UFU-18 UFU-189 (UFU-1 UFU-18 (UFU- UFU-1 UFU-

RESUMO O cultivo do milho convencional em áreas de refúgio é importante para preservação da tecnologia Bt e para atender mercados específicos com maior valor agregado aos grãos. Portanto, as pesquisas voltadas ao controle químico de plantas daninhas também devem continuar direcionadas aos híbridos convencionais de milho. O objetivo foi avaliar a seletividade de herbicidas aplicados em pré e pós-emergência de um híbrido convencional de milho cultivado no bioma Cerrado do Brasil. Foram instalados dois experimentos de campo, um na safra verão e outro segunda safra. Os tratamentos foram onze herbicidas, cujas doses são apresentadas em g ha-1 de ingrediente ativo: S-metolachlor (1.680), mesotrione + atrazine (115,2 + 2.000), mesotrione + atrazine (192 + 2.000), tembotrione + atrazine (75,6 + 2.000), tembotrione + atrazine (100,8 + 2.000), nicosulfuron + atrazine (16 + 2.000), nicosulfuron + atrazine (24 + 2.000), [mesotrione + atrazine] ([120 + 1.,200]), aplicação sequencial de [mesotrione + atrazine] ([60 + 600]), atrazine (2.000), mais testemunha capinada. Independentemente do experimento, todos os herbicidas aplicados pré e pós-emergência do milho proporcionaram baixos percentuais de fitointoxicação. Em ambos os experimentos nenhum dos tratamentos causou redução no estande, confirmando a ausência de mortalidade das plantas pela aplicação de herbicidas. O tombamento/acamamento das plantas foi observado no experimento realizado de verão e não observou efeito entre tratamentos. Massa de 100 grãos e produtividade do milho não alteraram em função da aplicação de herbicidas na pré e pósemergência da cultura. Todos os tratamentos herbicidas avaliados apresentaram seletividade ao híbrido de milho convencional. Portanto pós emergência Brasil campo ha1 ha 1 ha- ativo Smetolachlor S metolachlor 1.680, 1680 1.680 , 680 (1.680) 115,2 1152 115 2 (115, 2.000, 2000 2.000 000 2.000) 192 (19 75,6 756 75 6 (75, 100,8 1008 8 (100, 16 (1 24 (2 120 ([12 1.,200, 1200 1.,200 200 1.,200]) 60 ([6 600, 600 600]) (2.000) capinada fitointoxicação estande tombamentoacamamento tombamento acamamento 10 cultura 168 1.68 68 (1.680 115, 11 (115 2.00 00 19 75, 7 (75 100, (100 ( 12 ([1 1.,20 20 1.,200] ([ 600] (2.000 1.6 (1.68 (11 2.0 0 (7 (10 1.,2 (2.00 1. (1.6 2. 1., (2.0 (1. (2.

ABSTRACT The cultivation of conventional maize in refuge areas is important for preserving Bt technology and serving specific markets with greater added value to the grains. Therefore, research aimed at chemical weed control must also continue to be directed to conventional maize hybrids. The objective was to evaluate the selectivity of herbicides applied in preand post-emergence of a conventional maize hybrid cultivated in the Cerrado biome of Brazil. Two field experiments were set up, one in summer and the other in second season. The treatments were composed of eleven herbicide treatments, whose doses are presented in g ha-1 of active ingredient: S-metolachlor (1,440), S-metolachlor (1,680), mesotrione + atrazine (115.2 + 2,000), mesotrione + atrazine (192 + 2,000), tembotrione + atrazine (75.6 + 2,000), tembotrione + atrazine (100.8 + 2,000), nicosulfuron + atrazine (16 + 2,000), nicosulfuron + atrazine (24 + 2,000), [mesotrione + atrazine] ([120 + 1,200]), sequential application of [mesotrione + atrazine] ([60 + 600]), atrazine (2,000), plus a weeded control. Regardless of the experiment, all herbicides applied preand post-emergence of maize led to low percentages of phytointoxication. In both experiments, none of the treatments caused reductions in crop stand, confirming the absence of plant mortality due to the application of herbicides. Plant tipping/lodging was seen in summer maize, with no treatment effect. Maize 100grain mass and yield did not change as a result of the application of herbicides in preand post-emergence of the crop. All herbicide treatments evaluated showed selectivity for the conventional maize hybrid. grains Therefore hybrids postemergence post emergence Brazil up season ha1 ha 1 ha- ingredient Smetolachlor S metolachlor 1,440, 1440 1,440 , 440 (1,440) 1,680, 1680 1,680 680 (1,680) 115.2 1152 115 2 (115. 2,000, 2000 2,000 000 2,000) 192 (19 75.6 756 75 6 (75. 100.8 1008 100 8 (100. 16 (1 24 (2 120 ([12 1,200, 1200 1,200 200 1,200]) 60 ([6 600, 600 600]) (2,000) experiment phytointoxication stand tippinglodging tipping lodging effect grain 144 1,44 44 (1,440 168 1,68 68 (1,680 115. 11 (115 2,00 00 19 75. 7 (75 100. 10 (100 ( 12 ([1 1,20 20 1,200] ([ 600] (2,000 14 1,4 4 (1,44 1,6 (1,68 (11 2,0 0 (7 (10 1,2 (2,00 1, (1,4 (1,6 2, (2,0 (1, (2,

RESUMO Novas tecnologias desenvolvidas para controlar plantas daninhas nas lavouras surgiram nos últimos anos. Diante disso objetivou-se com o trabalho estudar a habilidade competitiva dos híbridos de milho 2B433 (Enlist®), Pioneer 30F53 (VYHR®), 13K288 PWE (Enlist®) e uma variedade convencional (não transgênica), com antecedentes biotecnológicos distintos, ao competir com leiteiro (Euphorbia heterophylla) e papuã (Urochloa plantaginea). O milho e os competidores foram estudados em diferentes proporções de plantas: 20:0; 15:5; 10:10; 5:15 e 0:20 plantas vaso-1 ou 100:0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75 e 0:100% (cultura: planta daninha) em experimentos de série substitutiva. Aos 50 dias após a emergência das espécies foi determinado a eficiência fotossintética e de carboxilação, a concentração de CO2 no mesofilo foliar, além da área foliar e a massa seca da parte aérea das plantas. O milho híbrido 2B433 (Enlist®) apresentou melhor desempenho fisiológico e morfológico em relação à variedade convencional, e os híbridos 13K288 PWE (Enlist®) e 30F53 (VYHR®) quando em competição com leiteiro e papuã. O aumento da capacidade competitiva parece ser devido à maior área foliar e massa seca da parte aérea relatada para 2B433 (Enlist®). A capacidade competitiva apresentada pelos híbridos é distinta não se encontrando evidências de que o evento transgênico presente na cultura esteja afetando a habilidade competitiva. anos objetivouse objetivou B 2B43 Enlist®, Enlist Enlist® , F 30F5 VYHR®, VYHR VYHR® K 13K28 (Enlist® transgênica, transgênica transgênica) distintos Euphorbia heterophylla Urochloa plantaginea. plantaginea . plantaginea) 200 20 0 20:0 155 15 5 15:5 1010 10 10:10 515 5:1 020 0:2 vaso1 vaso 1 vaso- 1000 100 100:0 7525 75 25 75:25 5050 50:50 2575 25:7 0100% 0100 100% 0:100 (cultura daninha substitutiva carboxilação CO (VYHR® Enlist®. 2B4 30F 13K2 (Enlist 2 20: 15: 101 10:1 51 5: 02 0: 100: 752 7 75:2 505 50:5 257 25: 010 0:10 (VYHR 2B 13K 10: 75: 50: 01 0:1

ABSTRACT New technologies developed to control weeds in crops have flourished in recent years. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the competitive ability of maize hybrids 2B433 (Enlist®), Pioneer 30F53 (VYHR®), and 13K288 PWE (Enlist®) and a conventional (non-transgenic) variety with a distinct biotechnological background when competing against wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla) and Alexandergrass (Urochloa plantaginea). Crops and competitors were studied in distinct plant proportions: 20:0, 15:5, 10:10, 5:15 and 0:20 plants per pot or 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100% (crop:weed) in replacement series experiments. Fifty days after emergence, the leaf area and aboveground dry mass were measured. Concomitantly, the photosynthetic and carboxylation efficiency and CO2 concentration were assessed in the leaf mesophyll. Maize hybrid 2B433 (Enlist®) showed better physiological and morphological performance compared to the conventional variety, and hybrids 13K288 PWE (Enlist®) and 30F53 (VYHR®) showed better performance when competing with wild poinsettia or Alexandergrass. The increased competitive ability seems to be due to the greater leaf area and aboveground dry mass reported for 2B433 (Enlist®). Therefore, the competitive ability presented by the hybrids was distinct, and we found no evidence that the transgenic event present in these hybrids affected their competitive ability. years Therefore B 2B43 Enlist®, Enlist Enlist® , F 30F5 VYHR®, VYHR VYHR® K 13K28 (Enlist® nontransgenic non (non-transgenic Euphorbia heterophylla Urochloa plantaginea. plantaginea . plantaginea) proportions 200, 200 20 0, 0 20:0 155, 155 15 5, 5 15:5 1010, 1010 10 10, 10:10 515 5:1 020 0:2 1000, 1000 100 100:0 7525, 7525 75 25, 25 75:25 5050, 5050 50 50, 50:50 2575, 2575 75, 25:75 0100% 0100 100% 0:100 cropweed crop weed (crop:weed experiments emergence measured Concomitantly CO mesophyll (VYHR® Enlist®. 2B4 30F 13K2 (Enlist 2 20: 1 15: 101 10:1 51 5: 02 0: 100: 752 7 75:2 505 50:5 257 25:7 010 0:10 (VYHR 2B 13K 10: 75: 50: 25: 01 0:1

RESUMO O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar o índice de rendimento, o índice de rendimento de campo, a uniformidade e o ciclo de maturação de quinze genótipos de Coffea canephora cultivados em diferentes ambientes da Amazônia Ocidental. A pesquisa foi conduzida no Amazonas, em Itacoatiara e Manaus, e em Rondônia, em Porto Velho, Brasil. A interação entre genótipos x ambientes foi significativa, indicando que os clones apresentaram desempenho diferenciado entre os ambientes. A superioridade dos coeficientes genotípicos sobre aqueles de natureza ambiental sugere predominância dos efeitos genéticos na expressão dos índices de rendimento e da uniformidade de maturação. O índice de rendimento médio foi de 24,68% e o rendimento de campo de 22,57%, sendo o ambiente Itacoatiara com as maiores médias. A uniformidade de maturação de frutos teve uma média geral de 63,02%, com Porto Velho apresentando a maior uniformidade média (71,78%). A cultivar BRS1216 apresentou o melhor desempenho para os índices de rendimento e proporcionou maior ganho de seleção na média dos ambientes, apresentando adaptabilidade ampla para o índice de rendimento usual e adaptabilidade para ambientes favoráveis ao rendimento de campo. BRS3210 e BRS3220 se destacaram com mais 82% de uniformidade de maturação na média das localidades, porém a primeira com adaptabilidade para ambientes favoráveis e a segunda para ambiente desfavorável. BRS3220 também se destacou pela superioridade média para o rendimento de campo, exibindo ampla adaptabilidade e alta estabilidade fenotípica. Os clones avaliados apresentaram ciclos de maturação conforme o esperado. Ocidental Amazonas Manaus Rondônia Brasil significativa 2468 24 68 24,68 2257 22 57 22,57% médias 6302 63 02 63,02% 71,78%. 7178 71,78% . 71 78 (71,78%) BRS BRS121 BRS321 BRS322 82 localidades desfavorável fenotípica esperado 246 2 6 24,6 225 5 22,57 630 0 63,02 717 71,78 7 (71,78% BRS12 BRS32 8 24, 22,5 63,0 71,7 (71,78 BRS1 BRS3 22, 63, 71, (71,7 (71, (71 (7 (

ABSTRACT This study aimed to characterize the outturn index, field outturn index, uniformity of maturity, and maturation cycle of fifteen Coffea canephora genotypes grown in different environments of the Western Amazon. Conducted in Amazonas (Itacoatiara and Manaus) and Rondônia (Porto Velho), the research evaluated the performance of ten cultivars and five promising genotypes from Embrapa. The genotype × environment interaction was significant, indicating different performance of clones across environments. Genotypic coefficients surpassed environmental ones, indicating a genetic influence on outturn indices and uniformity of maturity. The mean outturn index was 24.68%, and the field outturn index was 22.57%, with Itacoatiara having the highest mean values. The overall mean fruit uniformity of maturity was 63.02%, with Porto Velho achieving the highest mean uniformity value (71.78%). The cultivar BRS1216 exhibited the best performance for outturn indices and provided the highest gain from selection across environments, showing wide adaptability for the outturn index and adaptability to environments favorable for field outturn. Cultivars BRS3210 and BRS3220 achieved more than 82% uniformity of maturity across locations, with BRS3210 adapting to favorable environments and BRS3220 adapting to unfavorable ones. Additionally, BRS3220 had a high mean field outturn index, indicating wide adaptability and high phenotypic stability. The evaluated Amazon Robusta clones and cultivars displayed the expected maturation cycles. Manaus Velho, , Velho) Embrapa significant ones 2468 24 68 24.68% 2257 22 57 22.57% values 6302 63 02 63.02% 71.78%. 7178 71.78% . 71 78 (71.78%) BRS BRS121 BRS321 BRS322 82 locations Additionally stability cycles 246 2 6 24.68 225 5 22.57 630 0 63.02 717 71.78 7 (71.78% BRS12 BRS32 8 24.6 22.5 63.0 71.7 (71.78 BRS1 BRS3 24. 22. 63. 71. (71.7 (71. (71 (7 (

RESUMO A batata-doce é uma raiz alimentar vital, rica em vitaminas, minerais e compostos bioativos. Genótipos que atendam a essas demandas nutricionais são essenciais para combater deficiências de nutrientes e promover a saúde humana. Assim, pressupõe-se a hipótese de que os genótipos de batata-doce diferem na qualidade físico-química e nos compostos bioativos quando avaliados sob as mesmas condições ambientais. Deste modo, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a qualidade físico-química e os compostos bioativos em genótipos de batata-doce de polpa alaranjada. O experimento foi conduzido de abril de 2022 a agosto de 2022, na área experimental de Engenharia Agronômica, localizada na Unidade Acadêmica Especializada em Ciências Agrárias (UAECA) - UFRN, em Macaíba, RN, Brasil. Os tratamentos foram compostos por oito genótipos, sendo duas cultivares (BRS Amélia e Beauregard) e seis acessos (Macaíba I, Macaíba II, Macaíba III, Macaíba IV, Ceará-Mirim e Natal I) de batata-doce de polpa alaranjada da coleção didática da UAECA. Após a colheita, foram avaliadas as seguintes características: firmeza, elasticidade, potencial hidrogeniônico (pH), acidez titulável (AT), sólidos solúveis (SS), razão (SS/AT), vitamina C e os compostos bioativos: antocianinas, flavonoides e carotenoides totais. Os genótipos de batata-doce de polpa alaranjada apresentaram características distintas para as variáveis físico-químicas e os compostos bioativos. Devido ao aumento do pH da polpa, as antocianinas foram reduzidas nos genótipos Ceará-Mirim, Macaíba III e Macaíba IV. Os genótipos Macaíba II e Natal I se destacaram quanto à relação SS/AT, flavonoides e antocianinas. Em contrapartida, o genótipo Macaíba III apresentou o maior teor de carotenoides e grande potencial bioativo. batatadoce batata doce vital vitaminas humana Assim pressupõese pressupõe físicoquímica físico química ambientais modo 202 Agronômica UAECA (UAECA UFRN RN Brasil BRS Beauregard IV CearáMirim Ceará Mirim colheita firmeza elasticidade pH, , (pH) AT, AT (AT) SS, SS (SS) SSAT SS/AT (SS/AT) totais físicoquímicas químicas CearáMirim, Mirim, contrapartida bioativo 20 (pH (AT (SS (SS/AT 2

ABSTRACT Sweet potato is a vital food root, rich in vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds. Genotypes that meet these nutritional demands are essential to combat nutrient deficiencies and promote human health. Thus, it presupposes the hypothesis that sweet potato genotypes differ in physicochemical quality and bioactive compounds when evaluated under the same environmental conditions. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the physicochemical quality and bioactive compounds in genotypes of orange-fleshed sweet potato. The experiment was conducted from April 2022 to August 2022 in the experimental area of Agronomic Engineering, located at the Academic Unit Specialized in Agricultural Sciences (UAECA) - UFRN, in Macaíba, RN, Brazil. The treatments were composed of eight genotypes, being two cultivars (BRS Amélia and Beauregard) and six accessions (Macaíba I, Macaíba II, Macaíba III, Macaíba IV, Ceará-Mirim, and Natal I) of orange-fleshed sweet potato from the UAECA teaching collection. After harvest, the following characteristics were evaluated: firmness, elasticity, hydrogen potential (pH), titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), ratio (SS/TA), Vitamin C, and the bioactive compounds: anthocyanins, flavonoids, and total carotenoids. The orange-fleshed sweet potato genotypes showed distinct characteristics for the physicochemical variables and the bioactive compounds. Due to increased pulp pH, anthocyanins were reduced in the Ceará-Mirim, Macaíba III, and Macaíba IV genotypes. The Macaíba II and Natal I genotypes stood out regarding the SS/TA ratio, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. In contrast, the Macaíba III genotype had the highest carotenoid content and great bioactive potential. root vitamins minerals health Thus conditions orangefleshed orange fleshed 202 Engineering (UAECA UFRN RN Brazil BRS Beauregard CearáMirim, CearáMirim Ceará Mirim, Mirim Ceará-Mirim collection harvest firmness elasticity pH , (pH) TA, TA (TA) SS, SS (SS) SS/TA, SSTA (SS/TA) C flavonoids carotenoids contrast 20 (pH (TA (SS (SS/TA 2

RESUMO Os estresses abióticos, como as altas temperaturas, são potencializados pelas mudanças climáticas. O feijão-fava apresenta maior tolerância às altas temperaturas em comparação ao feijãocomum. O conhecimento dessa tolerância as altas temperaturas de germoplasma landraces de feijão-fava é importante para o desenvolvimento de programas de melhoramento. Assim, objetivouse com este trabalho verificar a resposta de variedades crioulas de feijão-fava do Banco de germoplasma de Phaseolus da Universidade Federal do Piauí (BGP-UFPI, Brasil) às altas temperaturas, em dois ambientes. Foram avaliadas as cinco variedades crioulas com maior desempenho emissão de flores e vagens formadas (UFPI-945, UFPI1037, UFPI-876, UFPI-1036 e UFPI-1064) e dois ambientes de cultivo natural (29ºC) e controlado (37ºC), utilizando-se o delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro repetições, sendo uma planta por parcela. Realizou-se a análise de variância e o teste Turkey (P < 0,05) para as dozes variáveis quantitativas, seguidas pela correlação de Pearson. Há variabilidade genética em feijão-fava para tolerância à alta temperatura tanto em ambiente natural quanto controlado. Para os caracteres espessura e largura vagem, número de flores, abortamento de flor e de vagem destacaram-se tanto em ambiente natural quanto controlado o genótipo UFPI-1064. A correlação de Pearson aferiu que o ambiente natural, se sobresaiu com correlações positivas e de altas magnitudes em número e o abortamento de flores. Contudo, em ambiente controlado, o número de vagem e número de sementes por vagem também tiveram correlações de altas magnitudes. abióticos climáticas feijãofava feijão fava feijãocomum melhoramento Assim BGPUFPI, BGPUFPI BGP UFPI, UFPI (BGP-UFPI Brasil UFPI945, UFPI945 945, 945 (UFPI-945 UFPI1037 UFPI876, UFPI876 876, 876 UFPI-876 UFPI1036 1036 UFPI-103 UFPI1064 1064 UFPI-1064 29ºC ºC (29ºC 37ºC, 37ºC , (37ºC) utilizandose utilizando acaso repetições parcela Realizouse Realizou P 0,05 005 0 05 quantitativas destacaramse destacaram UFPI1064. 1064. Contudo UFPI94 94 (UFPI-94 UFPI103 UFPI87 87 UFPI-87 103 UFPI-10 UFPI106 106 UFPI-106 (37ºC 0,0 00 UFPI9 9 (UFPI-9 UFPI10 UFPI8 8 UFPI-8 10 UFPI-1 0, (UFPI- UFPI1 UFPI- 1 (UFPI

ABSTRACT Effects of abiotic stresses, such as high temperature, on plants are exacerbated by climate change. Lima beans exhibit higher tolerance to high temperatures than the common beans. Understanding the tolerance of lima bean landrace germplasm to high temperatures is important to improve their breeding. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to examine the high temperature responses of lima bean landrace varieties obtained from the Phaseolus Germplasm Bank at Universidade Federal do Piauí (BGP-UFPI, Brazil) in two environments. Five landraces showing the best performance in emission of flowers and number of pods formed (UFPI-945, UFPI1037, UFPI-876, UFPI-1036, and UFPI-1064) were evaluated in two cultivation environments, natural (29 ºC) and controlled (37 ºC), using a completely randomized design with four replications, with each plot consisting of a single plant. Analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (P < 0.05) were performed for 12 quantitative traits, followed by Pearson’s correlation analysis. Lima beans exhibited genetic variability in high temperature tolerance in both natural and controlled environments. Specifically, UFPI-1064 exhibited superior performance with higher pod thickness and width and number of flowers and lower flower and pod abortion than the other varieties in both natural and controlled environments. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed positive and strong correlations between the number of flowers and flower abortion in the natural environment and number of pods and seeds per pod in the controlled environment. stresses change breeding Therefore study BGPUFPI, BGPUFPI BGP UFPI, UFPI (BGP-UFPI Brazil environments UFPI945, UFPI945 945, 945 (UFPI-945 UFPI1037 UFPI876, UFPI876 876, 876 UFPI-876 UFPI1036, UFPI1036 1036, 1036 UFPI-1036 UFPI1064 1064 29 (2 ºC 37 (3 ºC, , replications plant Tukeys Tukey s P 0.05 005 0 05 1 traits Pearsons Pearson Specifically UFPI-106 UFPI94 94 (UFPI-94 UFPI103 UFPI87 87 UFPI-87 103 UFPI-103 UFPI106 106 2 ( 3 0.0 00 UFPI-10 UFPI9 9 (UFPI-9 UFPI10 UFPI8 8 UFPI-8 10 0. UFPI-1 (UFPI- UFPI1 UFPI- (UFPI