ABSTRACT Introduction: Protocols for obtaining the maximum threshold pressure have been applied with limited precision to evaluate inspiratory muscle endurance. In this sense, new protocols are needed to allow more reliable measurements. The purpose of the present study was to compare a new incremental ramp load protocol for the evaluation of inspiratory muscle endurance with the most used protocol in healthy individuals. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study carried out in a single center. Ninety-two healthy individuals (43 men [22 ± 3 years] and 49 women [22 ± 3 years]) were randomly allocated to perform: (i) incremental ramp load protocol and (ii) incremental step loading protocol. The sustained pressure threshold (or maximum threshold pressure), maximum threshold pressure/dynamic strength index ratio, time until task failure, as well as difference between the mean heart rate of the last five minutes of baseline and the peak heart rate of the last 30 seconds of each protocol were measured. Results: Incremental ramp load protocol with small increases in the load and starting from minimum values of strength index was able to evaluate the inspiratory muscle endurance through the maximum threshold pressure of healthy individuals. Conclusion: The present study suggests that the incremental ramp load protocol is able to measure maximum threshold pressure in a more thorough way, with less progression and greater accuracy in the load stratification compared to the limited incremental step loading protocol and with a safe and expected cardiovascular response in healthy individuals. Introduction sense measurements Methods crosssectional cross sectional center Ninetytwo Ninety two 43 (4 22 [2 years 4 perform i (i ii (ii or pressure, , pressure) pressuredynamic dynamic ratio failure measured Results Conclusion way ( 2 [

ABSTRACT Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are at -increased risk for severe COVID-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate the burden of COVID-19 in a cohort of HSCT recipients. This retrospective study evaluated a cohort of adult hospitalized HSCT recipients diagnosed with COVID-19 in two large hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil post-HSCT, from January 2020 to June 2022. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Of 49 cases, 63.2% were male with a median age of 47 years. Allogeneic-HSCT (51.2%) and autologous-HSCT (48.9%) patients were included. The median time from HSCT to COVID-19 diagnosis was 398 days (IQR: 1211-134), with 22 (44.8%) cases occurring within 12 months of transplantation. Most cases occurred during the first year of the pandemic, in non-vaccinated patients (n=35; 71.4%). Most patients developed severe (24.4%) or critical (40.8%) disease; 67.3% received some medication for COVID-19, primarily corticosteroids (53.0%). The probable invasive aspergillosis prevalence was 10.2%. All-cause mortality was 40.8%, 51.4% in non-vaccinated patients and 14.2% in patients who received at least one dose of the vaccine. In the multiple regression analyses, the variables mechanical ventilation (OR: 101.01; 95% CI: 8.205 – 1,242.93; p = 0.003) and chest CT involvement at diagnosis ≥50% (OR: 26.61; 95% CI: 1.06 – 664.26; p = 0.04) remained associated with all-cause mortality. Thus, HSCT recipients with COVID-19 experienced high mortality, highlighting the need for full vaccination and infection prevention measures. (HSCT increased COVID19. COVID19 COVID 19. 19 COVID-1 Paulo postHSCT, postHSCT post HSCT, post-HSCT 202 2022 allcause all cause 4 632 63 2 63.2 years AllogeneicHSCT Allogeneic 51.2% 512 51 (51.2% autologousHSCT autologous 48.9% 489 48 9 (48.9% included 39 IQR (IQR 1211134, 1211134 1211 134 , 1211-134) 44.8% 448 44 8 (44.8% 1 transplantation pandemic nonvaccinated non vaccinated n=35 n35 n 35 (n=35 71.4%. 714 71.4% . 71 71.4%) 24.4% 244 24 (24.4% 40.8% 408 40 (40.8% disease 673 67 3 67.3 COVID19, 19, 53.0%. 530 53.0% 53 0 (53.0%) 102 10 10.2% Allcause All 514 51.4 142 14 14.2 vaccine analyses OR (OR 101.01 10101 101 01 95 CI 8205 205 8.20 1,242.93 124293 242 93 0.003 0003 003 50 ≥50 26.61 2661 26 61 106 06 1.0 664.26 66426 664 0.04 004 04 Thus measures COVID1 COVID- 20 6 63. 51.2 5 (51.2 48.9 (48.9 121113 121 13 1211-134 44.8 (44.8 n=3 n3 (n=3 71.4 7 24.4 (24.4 40.8 (40.8 67. 53.0 (53.0% 10.2 51. 14. 101.0 1010 820 8.2 1,242.9 12429 0.00 000 00 ≥5 26.6 266 1. 664.2 6642 66 0.0 (51. 48. (48. 12111 1211-13 44. (44. n= (n= 71. 24. (24. 40. (40. 53. (53.0 10. 101. 82 8. 1,242. 1242 ≥ 26. 664. 0. (51 (48 1211-1 (44 (n (24 (40 (53. 1,242 124 (5 (4 1211- (2 (53 1,24 ( 1,2 1,

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the supply of input and procedures, non-invasive and micro-invasive, for dental caries lesions in Primary Care in Brazil, comparing the Brazilian geographic regions in three different periods. Material and Methods: Historical series study based on secondary data extracted from the 1st Cycle (2012), 2nd (2014), and 3rd cycle (2018) of the External Evaluation of the National Program for Access and Quality of Primary Care. The proportions of Oral Health Teams offering non-invasive (fluor) and micro-invasive (sealants) supplies and procedures between Brazilian geographic regions were compared using the Chi-square test, using the Z Test adjusted by the Bonferroni method, and between the years (2012, 2014, and 2018) using the Cochran Q test (p<0.05). The percentage variation between the proportions per cycle was calculated. Results: The availability of inputs of fluor gel in Brazil increased between 2014 (91.6%) and 2018 (94.1%) (p<0.001), but statistically only in the Northeast and North (p<0.001). The offer of the topical fluorine procedure increased between 2012 (78.8%) and 2018 (87.4%) (p<0.001) in Brazil, with the most significant increase in the North (+7.5%) and Northeast (+22.0%). There was greater availability of inputs of sealants in Brazil between 2012 (56.8%) and 2018 (69.5%) (p<0.001) in Brazil, and more significant expansion in the Northeast (+43.4%). There was a greater offer of the sealing procedure in Brazil between 2014 (98.6%) and 2018 (98.5%), compared to 2012 (94.7%) (p<0.001), with more significant expansion in the North (+5.8%). Conclusion: There was an increase in the supply of input and procedures, non-invasive and micro-invasive, in Primary Care in Brazil. Despite maintaining regional inequalities, they were reduced, with greater expansion in the North and Northeast regions between the years evaluated. Objective noninvasive non invasive microinvasive, microinvasive micro invasive, periods Methods st 2012, , (2012) nd (2014) rd (2018 (fluor (sealants Chisquare Chi square method (2012 p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 . 0 05 (p<0.05) calculated Results 201 91.6% 916 91 6 (91.6% 94.1% 941 94 1 (94.1% p<0.001, p0001 p<0.001 001 p<0.001. 78.8% 788 78 8 (78.8% 87.4% 874 87 4 (87.4% (p<0.001 +7.5% 75 7 5 (+7.5% +22.0%. 220 +22.0% 22 (+22.0%) 56.8% 568 56 (56.8% 69.5% 695 69 (69.5% +43.4%. 434 +43.4% 43 (+43.4%) 98.6% 986 98 (98.6% 98.5%, 985 98.5% (98.5%) 94.7% 947 (94.7% +5.8%. 58 +5.8% (+5.8%) Conclusion inequalities reduced evaluated (2014 (201 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 20 91.6 9 (91.6 94.1 (94.1 p000 p<0.00 00 78.8 (78.8 87.4 (87.4 (p<0.00 +7.5 (+7.5 +22.0 2 (+22.0% 56.8 (56.8 69.5 (69.5 +43.4 (+43.4% 98.6 (98.6 98.5 (98.5% 94.7 (94.7 +5.8 (+5.8% (20 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 91. (91. 94. (94. 78. (78. 87. (87. +7. (+7. +22. (+22.0 56. (56. 69. (69. +43. (+43.4 98. (98. (98.5 +5. (+5.8 (2 p<0 (p<0. (91 (94 (78 (87 +7 (+7 +22 (+22. (56 (69 +43 (+43. (98 +5 (+5. ( p< (p<0 (9 (7 (8 + (+ +2 (+22 (5 (6 +4 (+43 (+5 (p< (+2 (+4 (p

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of corn dried distillers’ grains (DDG) levels in non-forage diets by in vitro, in situ (0 to 50%), and in vivo (0 to 40%) trials on kinetic parameters of gas production (GP) on rumen-degradable protein (RDP) and rumen-undegradable protein (RUP) as well as on nitrogen (N) metabolism in Nellore cattle. For in vitro and in situ studies, three rumen cannulated Nellore males with body weight of 340.48 ± 22.22 kg were used. For the in vivo study, five non-castrated male Nellore cattle with an initial body weight of 355.20 ± 35.28 kg and 24 ± 3 months old were used to evaluate the effect of increasing DDG levels in non-forage diets on N metabolism by a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Experimental diets were based on ground corn, cottonseed cake, urea, mineral supplement, and increasing levels of DDG replacing ground corn. The DDG levels caused a linear decrease in GP and in vitro dry matter digestibility. The DDG presented a lower dry matter digestibility (DMD) and RDP and higher RUP than corn grain and cottonseed cake, making DDG diets present lower DMD and RDP than control. The DDG levels linearly increased the intake of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and ether extract, whereas non-fiber carbohydrates intake decreased and tended to decrease the DMD and organic matter digestibility. The DDG levels caused a linear increase in N intake and in total, fecal, and urinary N excretion, which was the major N excretion route, causing a quadratic drop in retained N and caused a quadratic effect on alanine aminotransferase. In contrast, triglycerides were cubically affected, and total blood protein increased. Thus, DDG levels negatively affect in vitro and in situ digestibility, increasing N intake but increasing urinary N excretion. distillers (DDG nonforage non forage 0 ( 50%, 50 50% , 50%) 40% 40 (GP rumendegradable degradable (RDP rumenundegradable undegradable (RUP (N studies 34048 340 48 340.4 2222 22 22.2 noncastrated castrated 35520 355 20 355.2 3528 35 28 35.2 2 design cake urea supplement (DMD control fiber extract nonfiber fecal route aminotransferase contrast affected Thus 4 3404 34 340. 222 22. 3552 355. 352 35.

Resumo Amesa d’água possibilita a visualização qualitativa da ventilação natural em modelos físicos reduzidos. A qualidade dos resultados depende de diversos parâmetros, tais como a taxa de obstrução do modelo físico reduzido na área de ensaio. No entanto, faltam pesquisas científicas que analisam a influência dessa taxa na qualidade dos resultados. O objetivo do artigo é avaliar, qualitativamente, o comportamento do fluido para diferentes valores de taxa de obstrução do modelo físico reduzido na área de ensaio da mesa d’água. O método foi dividido em quatro etapas: seleção dos modelos; construção dos modelos físicos reduzidos; ensaios na mesa d’água e simulações Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). De forma geral, o comportamento do fluido nos experimentos e nas simulações são similares. No entanto, os modelos com baixa e alta taxa de obstrução apresentam dificuldade de manipulação e visualização do comportamento do fluido. Nota-se que as taxas de obstrução entre 24,14% e 30,49% (corte) e as taxas entre 4,16% e 3,26% (planta) apresentaram melhor desempenho. Entretanto, não foi possível determinar uma escala exata para os ensaios, pois esta irá variar conforme proporções do modelo a ser estudado. dágua d água reduzidos parâmetros entanto avaliar qualitativamente dágua. água. etapas CFD. CFD . (CFD) geral similares Notase Nota se 2414 24 14 24,14 3049 30 49 30,49 corte (corte 416 4 16 4,16 326 3 26 3,26 planta (planta desempenho Entretanto estudado (CFD 241 2 1 24,1 304 30,4 41 4,1 32 3,2 24, 30, 4, 3,

Abstract The water table apparatus allows the qualitative visualization of natural ventilation in reduced physical models. The quality of the results depends on several parameters, such as the obstruction rate of the reduced physical model in the test area. However, there is a lack of scientific research that analyzes the influence of this rate on the quality of results. The objective of this article is to qualitatively evaluate the fluid behavior at different values of clogging rate of the reduced physical model of the test area on the water table. The research method was divided into four stages: model selection; construction of reduced physical models; experimental tests on the water table and simulations of Computational Fluid Dynamics. In general, the behavior of the fluid in the experimental and simulation results is similar. However, the models with low and high obstruction rates present difficulties in handling and visualizing the behavior of the fluid. Thus, it is concluded that frontal obstruction rates (in cross section) between 24.14% and 30.49% and in-plan obstruction rates between 4.16% and 3.26% showed better performance. However, it is not possible to determine an exact scale for carrying out tests, as the scale will vary according to the proportions of the model to be studied. parameters However stages selection Dynamics general similar Thus section 2414 24 14 24.14 3049 30 49 30.49 inplan plan 416 4 16 4.16 326 3 26 3.26 performance studied 241 2 1 24.1 304 30.4 41 4.1 32 3.2 24. 30. 4. 3.

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta os principais resultados de uma pesquisa sobre Trabalho Escravo Contemporâneo, financiada pela Organização Internacional do Trabalho e realizada no município de Açailândia (MA), com trabalhadores resgatados. A partir da estratégia metodológica dos grupos focais, o objetivo foi analisar a experiência de trabalhadores que vivenciaram o processo de escravização que culmina no trabalho escravo, a partir de suas construções narrativas. As narrativas das experiências dos trabalhadores resgatados forneceram informações fundamentais sobre as distintas dinâmicas que caracterizam o TEC, como o perfil e as condições de vida dos trabalhadores resgatados; o perfil e o modus operandi dos aliciadores; o perfil e o modus operandi dos proprietários das empresas que escravizam sua mão de obra; a sazonalidade e imigração (origem - destino), o processo de exploração e a degradância nas condições de trabalho. Contemporâneo MA, MA , (MA) focais escravo TEC aliciadores obra origem destino, destino destino) (MA

ABSTRACT This article presents the main results of a research on contemporary slave labor, financed by the International Labour Organization , with rescued workers in the city Açailândia (MA). Using the focal groups method, the objective was to analyze the experience of workers who underwent the process of slavery that culminated in slave labor, based on their narrative constructions. The narrative of the rescued workers’ experiences provided fundamental information on the distinct dynamics that characterize contemporary slave labor, including their profile and life conditions, the profile and modus operandi of the captors, the profile and modus operandi of the owners of companies that enslave workers, the seasonality and immigration (origin-destination), the process of exploitation and the degradation in working conditions. labor MA. MA . (MA) method constructions conditions captors origindestination, origindestination origin destination (origin-destination) (MA (origin-destination

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) encompasses a broad spectrum of hip pathologies, including femoral or acetabular dysplasia, hip instability, or both. According to the medical literature, ultrasonography is the most reliable diagnostic method for DDH. Several techniques for the assessment of hips in newborns and infants, using ultrasonography, have been described. OBJECTIVE: To compare the accuracy of the Graf technique and other diagnostic techniques for DDH. DESIGN AND SETTING: A systematic review of studies that analyzed ultrasound techniques for the diagnosis of DDH within an evidence-based health program of a federal university in São Paulo (SP), Brazil. METHODS: A systematic search of relevant literature was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and LILACS databases for articles published up to May 5, 2020, relating to studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of different ultrasound techniques for diagnosing DDH. The QUADAS 2 tool was used for methodological quality evaluation. RESULTS: All hips were analyzed using the Graf method as a reference standard. The Morin technique had the highest rate of sensitivity, at 81.12–89.47%. The Suzuki and Stress tests showed 100% specificity. The Harcke technique showed a sensibility of 18.21% and specificity of 99.32%. CONCLUSION: All the techniques demonstrated at least one rate (sensibility and specificity) lower than 90.00% when compared to the Graf method. The Morin technique, as evaluated in this systematic review, is recommended after the Graf method because it has the highest sensitivity, especially with the three-pattern classification of 89.47%. REGISTRATION NUMBER: Identifier: CRD42020189686 at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (identifier: CRD42020189686). BACKGROUND (DDH pathologies instability both infants described OBJECTIVE SETTING evidencebased evidence based SP, SP , (SP) Brazil METHODS PubMed EMBASE Library CINAHL 5 2020 evaluation RESULTS standard sensitivity 81128947 81 12 89 47 81.12–89.47% 100 1821 18 21 18.21 9932 99 32 99.32% CONCLUSION 9000 90 00 90.00 threepattern three pattern 8947 89.47% NUMBER Identifier CRD CRD4202018968 identifier (identifier CRD42020189686. . CRD42020189686) (SP 202 8112894 8 1 4 81.12–89.47 10 182 18.2 993 9 3 99.32 900 0 90.0 894 89.47 CRD420201896 20 811289 81.12–89.4 18. 99.3 90. 89.4 CRD42020189 81128 81.12–89. 99. 89. CRD4202018 8112 81.12–89 CRD420201 811 81.12–8 CRD42020 81.12– CRD4202 81.12 CRD420 81.1 CRD42 81. CRD4

La sífilis ha resurgido como un problema serio de salud pública en Brasil y en todo el mundo, afectando desproporcionadamente a hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH), travestis y mujeres transgénero (TrTGW). Los estudios de las enfermedades trasmitidas sexualmente (ETS) en adolescentes de estas poblaciones clase son relativamente escasos. Se trata de un estudio transversal brasileño multicéntrico, con análisis de prevalencia de la base de referencia de la cohorte PrEP1519 de hombres activos sexualmente que mantienen sexo con hombres y adolescentes TrTGW, reclutados desde abril de 2019 a diciembre de 2020. Se hicieron análisis, usando las dimensiones de vulnerabilidad a las ETS/VIH, y se realizaron modelos de regresión logística para estimar las odds ratios de la asociación entre las variables predictoras y la prueba treponémica positiva para la sífilis al comenzar el estudio. Se analizaron a 677 participantes. La media de edad fue 18,9 años (IQR: 18,1-19,5), 70,5% (477) se autodeclararon como negros, 70,5% (474) como homosexuales/gays y 48 (7,1%) como mujeres trans o travestis. La base de referencia de prevalencia de sífilis fue 21,3%. En el modelo final de regresión logística, se asociaron con una posibilidad más alta de sífilis: un episodio autoinformado de ETS en los últimos 12 meses (OR = 5,92; IC95%: 3,74-9,37), trabajadores sexuales (OR = 3,39; IC95%: 1,32-8,78) y < 11 años de estudio (OR = 1,76; IC95%: 1,13-2,74). La prevalencia de sífilis entre adolescentes HSH/TrTGW con edades de 15 a 19 años fue alarmante, mucho más que lo descrito para la población general en este rango de edad y asociado con factores de vulnerabilidad. Esto refuerza la urgente necesidad de fortalecer los programas de salud pública, discutiendo cuestiones de raza, género, sexualidad y prevención. mundo HSH, HSH , (HSH) TrTGW. TrTGW . (TrTGW) (ETS escasos multicéntrico PrEP PrEP151 201 2020 ETSVIH VIH ETS/VIH 67 participantes 189 18 9 18, IQR (IQR 18,119,5, 181195 18,1 19,5 1 5 18,1-19,5) 705 70 70,5 477 (477 negros 474 (474 homosexualesgays homosexuales gays 4 7,1% 71 7 (7,1% 213 21 3 21,3% OR 5,92 592 92 IC95% IC95 IC 3,749,37, 374937 3,74 9,37 74 37 3,74-9,37) 3,39 339 39 1,328,78 132878 1,32 8,78 32 8 78 1,32-8,78 1,76 176 76 1,132,74. 113274 1,13 2,74 13 2 1,13-2,74) HSHTrTGW alarmante raza género prevención (HSH (TrTGW PrEP15 20 202 6 119 18,119,5 18119 181 195 19, 18,1-19,5 70, 47 (47 7,1 (7,1 21,3 5,9 59 IC9 749 3,749,37 37493 374 3,7 937 9,3 3,74-9,37 3,3 33 328 1,328,7 13287 132 1,3 878 8,7 1,32-8,7 1,7 17 1,132,74 11327 113 1,1 274 2,7 1,13-2,74 PrEP1 18,119, 1811 18,1-19, (4 7, (7, 21, 5, 3,749,3 3749 3, 93 9, 3,74-9,3 1,328, 1328 1, 87 8, 1,32-8, 1,132,7 1132 27 2, 1,13-2,7 18,119 18,1-19 ( (7 3,749, 3,74-9, 1,328 1,32-8 1,132, 1,13-2, 18,11 18,1-1 3,749 3,74-9 1,32- 1,132 1,13-2 18,1- 3,74- 1,13-

A sífilis reemergiu enquanto problema sério de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo, afetando de maneira desproporcional homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH), travestis e mulheres transgênero. São relativamente escassos os estudos sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) entre adolescentes pertencentes a essas populações-chave. O estudo transversal multicêntrico brasileiro analisou a prevalência de sífilis na linha de base da coorte PrEP15-19 de HSH, travestis e mulheres transgênero adolescentes, sexualmente ativos, recrutados entre abril de 2019 e dezembro de 2020. As análises foram realizadas com as dimensões de vulnerabilidade a ISTs/HIV, e modelos de regressão logística foram construídos para estimar as razões de chances da associação entre as variáveis preditoras e um teste treponêmico positivo para sífilis na entrada do estudo. Foram analisados 677 participantes. A idade mediana era 18,9 anos (IIQ: 18,1-19,5), 70,5% (477) se autoidentificaram como pretos, 70,5% (474) como homossexuais/gays e 48 (7,1%) como mulheres trans ou travestis. A prevalência de sífilis na linha de base era 21,3%. No modelo final de regressão logística, as seguintes variáveis estiveram associadas com chances maiores de sífilis: autorrelato de episódio de IST nos últimos 12 meses (OR = 5,92; IC95%: 3,74-9,37), profissional do sexo (OR = 3,39; IC95%: 1,32-8,78) e menos de 11 anos de escolaridade (OR = 1,76; IC95%: 1,13-2,74). A prevalência de sífilis entre HSH, travestis e mulheres transgênero adolescentes entre 15 e 19 anos de idade foi alarmante, muito acima da taxa relatada na população geral nesta faixa etária, e esteve associada a fatores de vulnerabilidade. Os achados reforçam a necessidade urgente de fortalecer os programas de saúde pública com a discussão sobre raça, gênero, sexualidade e prevenção. mundo HSH , (HSH) (IST populaçõeschave. populaçõeschave populações chave. chave populações-chave PrEP1519 PrEP PrEP15 PrEP15-1 ativos 201 2020 ISTsHIV ISTs HIV ISTs/HIV 67 participantes 189 18 9 18, IIQ (IIQ 18,119,5, 181195 18,1 19,5 1 5 18,1-19,5) 705 70 70,5 477 (477 pretos 474 (474 homossexuaisgays homossexuais gays 4 7,1% 71 7 (7,1% 213 21 3 21,3% OR 5,92 592 92 IC95% IC95 IC 3,749,37, 374937 3,74 9,37 74 37 3,74-9,37) 3,39 339 39 1,328,78 132878 1,32 8,78 32 8 78 1,32-8,78 1,76 176 76 1,132,74. 113274 1,13 2,74 . 13 2 1,13-2,74) alarmante etária raça gênero prevenção (HSH PrEP151 PrEP1 PrEP15- 20 202 6 119 18,119,5 18119 181 195 19, 18,1-19,5 70, 47 (47 7,1 (7,1 21,3 5,9 59 IC9 749 3,749,37 37493 374 3,7 937 9,3 3,74-9,37 3,3 33 328 1,328,7 13287 132 1,3 878 8,7 1,32-8,7 1,7 17 1,132,74 11327 113 1,1 274 2,7 1,13-2,74 18,119, 1811 18,1-19, (4 7, (7, 21, 5, 3,749,3 3749 3, 93 9, 3,74-9,3 1,328, 1328 1, 87 8, 1,32-8, 1,132,7 1132 27 2, 1,13-2,7 18,119 18,1-19 ( (7 3,749, 3,74-9, 1,328 1,32-8 1,132, 1,13-2, 18,11 18,1-1 3,749 3,74-9 1,32- 1,132 1,13-2 18,1- 3,74- 1,13-

Syphilis has reemerged as a serious public health problem in Brazil and worldwide, disproportionately affecting men who have sex with men (MSM) and travestis and transgender women (TrTGW). Studies on sexually transmitted infections (STI) in adolescents from these key populations are relatively scarce. This is a Brazilian multi-center, cross study with prevalence analysis, using as baseline the PrEP1519 cohort of sexually active MSM and TrTGW adolescents, recruited from April 2019 to December 2020. Analyses were made using the dimensions of vulnerability to STI/HIV and logistic regression models were conducted to estimate the odds ratios of the association between the predictor variables and positive treponemal test for syphilis at the moment of entry in the study. In total, 677 participants were analyzed; participants’ median age was 18.9 years (IQR: 18.1-19.5); 70.5% (477) self-declared as black; 70.5% (474), as homosexuals/gays; and 48 (7.1%), as trans women or travestis. The baseline prevalence of syphilis was 21.3%. In the final logistic regression model, higher chance of syphilis was associated with: self-reported episode of STI in the last 12 months (OR = 5.92; 95%CI: 3.74-9.37), sex worker (OR = 3.39; 95%CI: 1.32-8.78), and < 11 years of schooling (OR = 1.76; 95%CI: 1.13-2.74). The prevalence of syphilis among MSM/TrTGW adolescents aged from 15 to 19 years was alarming, much higher than the described for the general population within this age range and associated with vulnerability factors. This reinforces the urgent need to strengthen public health programs to debate about race, gender, sexuality, and prevention. worldwide (MSM TrTGW. . (TrTGW) (STI scarce multicenter, multicenter multi center, center multi-center analysis PrEP PrEP151 201 2020 STIHIV HIV total 67 analyzed 189 18 9 18. IQR (IQR 18.119.5 181195 18.1 19.5 1 5 18.1-19.5) 705 70 70.5 477 (477 selfdeclared self declared black 474, 474 , (474) homosexuals/gays homosexualsgays homosexuals gays 4 7.1%, 71 7.1% 7 (7.1%) 213 21 3 21.3% model selfreported reported OR 5.92 592 92 95%CI 95CI CI 95 3.749.37, 374937 3.74 9.37 74 37 3.74-9.37) 3.39 339 39 1.328.78, 132878 1.32 8.78 32 8 78 1.32-8.78) 1.76 176 76 1.132.74. 113274 1.13 2.74 13 2 1.13-2.74) MSMTrTGW alarming factors race gender sexuality prevention (TrTGW PrEP15 20 202 6 119 18.119. 18119 181 195 19. 18.1-19.5 70. 47 (47 (474 7.1 (7.1% 21.3 5.9 59 749 3.749.37 37493 374 3.7 937 9.3 3.74-9.37 3.3 33 328 1.328.78 13287 132 1.3 878 8.7 1.32-8.78 1.7 17 1.132.74 11327 113 1.1 274 2.7 1.13-2.74 PrEP1 18.119 1811 18.1-19. (4 7. (7.1 21. 5. 3.749.3 3749 3. 93 9. 3.74-9.3 1.328.7 1328 1. 87 8. 1.32-8.7 1.132.7 1132 27 2. 1.13-2.7 18.11 18.1-19 ( (7. 3.749. 3.74-9. 1.328. 1.32-8. 1.132. 1.13-2. 18.1-1 (7 3.749 3.74-9 1.328 1.32-8 1.132 1.13-2 18.1- 3.74- 1.32- 1.13-

Abstract Background Ischemic stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are cardiovascular diseases with high morbidity and mortality rates in Brazil and worldwide. Their outcomes are influenced by public policies aimed at mitigating risk factors and by investments in infrastructure of emergency support and quality of hospital care. Objective To analyze the trend in the proportion of in-hospital deaths from ischemic stroke and AMI in Brazil as a way of evaluating the effectiveness of urgency and emergency services. Methods Ecological time series study using data from the Hospital Information System. The outcome was the proportion of in-hospital deaths from ischemic stroke and AMI with stratification by sex and state. Prais-Winsten regression was used to analyze the trend between 1998-2018 with α≤0,05. Results The proportion of deaths from AMI and ischemic stroke declined in the time series (p<0.001), decreasing annually by 0.17% and 0.25%, respectively. In 20 years, it reduced 43.76% (ischemic stroke) and 32.39% (AMI) in both sexes. However, the decline was more evident in the South and Southeast regions. Conclusion The reduction in hospital deaths from AMI and ischemic stroke was heterogeneous among Brazilian regions, which may be related to inequality in emergency services and hospital support. (AMI worldwide care inhospital System state PraisWinsten Prais Winsten 19982018 1998 2018 1998-201 α005 α 0 05 α≤0,05 p<0.001, p0001 p p<0.001 , 001 (p<0.001) 017 17 0.17 025 25 0.25% respectively 2 years 4376 43 76 43.76 3239 32 39 32.39 sexes However regions 1998201 199 201 1998-20 α00 α≤0,0 p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.001 01 1 0.1 02 0.25 437 4 7 43.7 323 3 32.3 199820 19 1998-2 α0 α≤0, p00 p<0.0 (p<0.00 0. 0.2 43. 32. 19982 1998- α≤0 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 α≤ p<0 (p<0. p< (p<0 (p< (p

RESUMO No contexto de um programa de restauração florestal em área de mineração na Amazônia oriental brasileira, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a espécie de abiu-seringarana (Ecclinusa sp.) em remanescentes florestais adjacentes à mina. Como a identificação de Ecclinusa com base apenas na morfologia externa é difícil, ela foi corroborada por análise molecular. Amostras de folhas de três árvores foram comparadas com Ecclinusa no acervo do herbário da Embrapa. O DNA extraído seguiu um protocolo CTAB modificado, e o sequenciamento foi com marcadores ITS. Tanto a identificação morfológica quanto o alinhamento das sequências obtidas com material do GenBank indicaram que os indivíduos pertencem a Ecclinusa guianensis, que é confirmada como a espécie que ocorre na área de mineração. brasileira abiuseringarana abiu seringarana sp. sp mina difícil molecular Embrapa modificado ITS guianensis

ABSTRACT In the context of a forest restoration program in a mining area in the eastern Brazilian Amazon, the objective of this study was to identify the species of trees of abiu-seringarana (Ecclinusa sp.) in forest remnants adjacent to the mine. As the identification of Ecclinusa based on external morphology alone is difficult, it was corroborated by molecular analysis. Leaf samples of three trees were compared with Ecclinusa in the Embrapa herbarium collection. DNA was extracted with a CTAB modified protocol for sequencing with ITS markers. Both the morphological identification and the alignment of the obtained sequences with material in GenBank indicated that the individuals belong to Ecclinusa guianensis, which is confirmed as the species occurring in the mining area. Amazon abiuseringarana abiu seringarana sp. sp mine difficult analysis collection markers guianensis

Resumen El universo agrario suele explorar enunciados de géneros científicos o técnicos dirigidos a especialistas. Sin embargo, un episodio de The Crown, disponible en la Netflix, lo explora de forma particular al presentar el interés de la reina Elizabeth II acerca de la creación de caballos. Así que, ese capítulo, es el punto clave del análisis de este artículo, que pretende establecer una lectura sobre cómo circulan los significados del dominio agrario en ambientes urbanos, en medios audiovisuales de narrativa a través de la comprensión de las circunstancias en que términos técnicos, como gestión de pastos, son inseridos en la historia enunciada. Las escenas indican condiciones de producción y atribución de significados que se evalúan bajo el apoyo teórico-metodológico del análisis del discurso francés. El estudio identifica la construcción de narrativas en contraste como forma de situar el tema en un segundo plan, aunque reconozca convergencias con relación a los significados construidos en esa historia. especialistas embargo Crown Netflix caballos capítulo artículo urbanos pastos enunciada teóricometodológico teórico metodológico francés plan

Resumo O universo agrário costuma ser explorado por enunciados dos gêneros científicos ou técnicos, voltados a especialistas. No entanto, um episódio da série The Crown, disponível na Netflix, o explora de maneira peculiar ao apresentar o interesse da rainha Elizabeth II em relação à criação de cavalos. Por isso, o episódio é a instância de análise deste artigo, que objetiva estabelecer uma leitura sobre como os sentidos do domínio agrário circulam em ambientes urbanos, em meios audiovisuais de narrativa ficcional por meio da compreensão das circunstâncias em que termos técnicos, como manejo de pastagens, são inseridos na trama enunciativa. As cenas de enunciação indicam condições de produção e atribuição de sentidos que são avaliadas sob o suporte teórico-metodológico da análise de discurso francesa. O estudo identifica a construção de narrativas em contraste como forma de posicionar o tema em segundo plano, embora reconheça convergências em relação aos sentidos construídos na enunciação. técnicos especialistas entanto Crown Netflix cavalos isso artigo urbanos pastagens enunciativa teóricometodológico teórico metodológico francesa plano

Abstract The agrarian universe is usually explored by statements of scientific or technical genres, aimed at the specialized public. However, an episode of The Crown explores it in a peculiar way by presenting Queen Elizabeth II interested in horse breeding. The episode is the instance of analysis of this article, which aims to establish a reading about how the meanings of the agrarian domain circulate in urban environments, in fictional narrative audiovisual devices through the understanding of the circumstances in which technical terms, such as pasture management, are inserted in the enunciative plot. The enunciation scenes indicate conditions of production and attribution of meanings that are evaluated under the theoretical-methodological support of French discourse analysis. The study identifies the construction of contrasting narratives as a way of placing the topic of interest in the background, although it recognizes convergences in relation to the meanings constructed in the enunciation. genres public However breeding article environments terms management plot theoreticalmethodological theoretical methodological background

Abstract Recent advances in genome editing have enormously enhanced the effort to develop biotechnology crops for more sustainable food production. CRISPR/Cas, the most versatile genome-editing tool, has shown the potential to create genome modifications that range from gene knockout and gene expression pattern modulations to allele-specific changes in order to design superior genotypes harboring multiple improved agronomic traits. However, a frequent bottleneck is the delivery of CRISPR/Cas to crops that are less amenable to transformation and regeneration. Several technologies have recently been proposed to overcome transformation recalcitrance, including HI-Edit/IMGE and ectopic/transient expression of genes encoding morphogenic regulators. These technologies allow the eroding of the barriers that make crops inaccessible for genome editing. In this review, we discuss the advances in genome editing in crops with a particular focus on the use of technologies to improve complex traits such as water use efficiency, drought stress, and yield in maize. production CRISPRCas CRISPR Cas genomeediting tool allelespecific allele specific However regeneration recalcitrance HIEdit/IMGE HIEditIMGE HI Edit/IMGE Edit IMGE ectopictransient ectopic transient regulators review efficiency stress maize HIEdit EditIMGE

A sífilis reemergiu enquanto problema sério de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo, afetando de maneira desproporcional homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH), travestis e mulheres transgênero. São relativamente escassos os estudos sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) entre adolescentes pertencentes a essas populações-chave. O estudo transversal multicêntrico brasileiro analisou a prevalência de sífilis na linha de base da coorte PrEP15-19 de HSH, travestis e mulheres transgênero adolescentes, sexualmente ativos, recrutados entre abril de 2019 e dezembro de 2020. As análises foram realizadas com as dimensões de vulnerabilidade a ISTs/HIV, e modelos de regressão logística foram construídos para estimar as razões de chances da associação entre as variáveis preditoras e um teste treponêmico positivo para sífilis na entrada do estudo. Foram analisados 677 participantes. A idade mediana era 18,9 anos (IIQ: 18,1-19,5), 70,5% (477) se autoidentificaram como pretos, 70,5% (474) como homossexuais/gays e 48 (7,1%) como mulheres trans ou travestis. A prevalência de sífilis na linha de base era 21,3%. No modelo final de regressão logística, as seguintes variáveis estiveram associadas com chances maiores de sífilis: autorrelato de episódio de IST nos últimos 12 meses (OR = 5,92; IC95%: 3,74-9,37), profissional do sexo (OR = 3,39; IC95%: 1,32-8,78) e menos de 11 anos de escolaridade (OR = 1,76; IC95%: 1,13-2,74). A prevalência de sífilis entre HSH, travestis e mulheres transgênero adolescentes entre 15 e 19 anos de idade foi alarmante, muito acima da taxa relatada na população geral nesta faixa etária, e esteve associada a fatores de vulnerabilidade. Os achados reforçam a necessidade urgente de fortalecer os programas de saúde pública com a discussão sobre raça, gênero, sexualidade e prevenção.

La sífilis ha resurgido como un problema serio de salud pública en Brasil y en todo el mundo, afectando desproporcionadamente a hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH), travestis y mujeres transgénero (TrTGW). Los estudios de las enfermedades trasmitidas sexualmente (ETS) en adolescentes de estas poblaciones clase son relativamente escasos. Se trata de un estudio transversal brasileño multicéntrico, con análisis de prevalencia de la base de referencia de la cohorte PrEP1519 de hombres activos sexualmente que mantienen sexo con hombres y adolescentes TrTGW, reclutados desde abril de 2019 a diciembre de 2020. Se hicieron análisis, usando las dimensiones de vulnerabilidad a las ETS/VIH, y se realizaron modelos de regresión logística para estimar las odds ratios de la asociación entre las variables predictoras y la prueba treponémica positiva para la sífilis al comenzar el estudio. Se analizaron a 677 participantes. La media de edad fue 18,9 años (IQR: 18,1-19,5), 70,5% (477) se autodeclararon como negros, 70,5% (474) como homosexuales/gays y 48 (7,1%) como mujeres trans o travestis. La base de referencia de prevalencia de sífilis fue 21,3%. En el modelo final de regresión logística, se asociaron con una posibilidad más alta de sífilis: un episodio autoinformado de ETS en los últimos 12 meses (OR = 5,92; IC95%: 3,74-9,37), trabajadores sexuales (OR = 3,39; IC95%: 1,32-8,78) y < 11 años de estudio (OR = 1,76; IC95%: 1,13-2,74). La prevalencia de sífilis entre adolescentes HSH/TrTGW con edades de 15 a 19 años fue alarmante, mucho más que lo descrito para la población general en este rango de edad y asociado con factores de vulnerabilidad. Esto refuerza la urgente necesidad de fortalecer los programas de salud pública, discutiendo cuestiones de raza, género, sexualidad y prevención.

Syphilis has reemerged as a serious public health problem in Brazil and worldwide, disproportionately affecting men who have sex with men (MSM) and travestis and transgender women (TrTGW). Studies on sexually transmitted infections (STI) in adolescents from these key populations are relatively scarce. This is a Brazilian multi-center, cross study with prevalence analysis, using as baseline the PrEP1519 cohort of sexually active MSM and TrTGW adolescents, recruited from April 2019 to December 2020. Analyses were made using the dimensions of vulnerability to STI/HIV and logistic regression models were conducted to estimate the odds ratios of the association between the predictor variables and positive treponemal test for syphilis at the moment of entry in the study. In total, 677 participants were analyzed; participants’ median age was 18.9 years (IQR: 18.1-19.5); 70.5% (477) self-declared as black; 70.5% (474), as homosexuals/gays; and 48 (7.1%), as trans women or travestis. The baseline prevalence of syphilis was 21.3%. In the final logistic regression model, higher chance of syphilis was associated with: self-reported episode of STI in the last 12 months (OR = 5.92; 95%CI: 3.74-9.37), sex worker (OR = 3.39; 95%CI: 1.32-8.78), and < 11 years of schooling (OR = 1.76; 95%CI: 1.13-2.74). The prevalence of syphilis among MSM/TrTGW adolescents aged from 15 to 19 years was alarming, much higher than the described for the general population within this age range and associated with vulnerability factors. This reinforces the urgent need to strengthen public health programs to debate about race, gender, sexuality, and prevention.

Resumo A ventilação natural é uma importante estratégia passiva para manutenção da qualidade do ar e do conforto térmico em espaços internos. O diferencial de pressão nas fachadas das edificações, quantificado a partir dos coeficientes de pressão (Cps), impacta diretamente no desempenho da ventilação natural. Fatores como direção do vento, entorno, tipo de terreno, geometria da edificação e detalhamentos nas fachadas influenciam a distribuição de pressão. Muitas investigações utilizam-se de ensaios em túneis de vento ou simulações fluidodinâmicas para avaliar os Cps em geometrias lisas e regulares. Neste artigo, objetiva-se avaliar o impacto de dispositivos de sombreamento externos nos Cps em um modelo genérico isolado de 3,0 m x 3,0 m x 2,7 m com duas aberturas (de 1 m2 cada uma) centralizadas e dispostas em faces opostas a 1,1 m do piso. Assim, a partir de sua versão reduzida (escala 1:7,5), cinco configurações (sem dispositivos, modelo selado e com aberturas e tipologias com sombreamentos horizontal, combinados e verticais) foram ensaiadas em túnel de vento para oito incidências de vento (de 0° a 90° e 180°). Os resultados indicarammaiores discrepâncias nos Cps nas tipologias com componentes verticais expostas às incidências de 45°, 60° e 75°.

Abstract Natural ventilation in buildings is an important passive strategy to maintain indoor air quality and comfortable thermal environments. The pressure differential on buildings’ façades, quantified by the wind pressure coefficients (WPCs), directly impacts the performance of natural ventilation. Several factors, as wind direction, surroundings, terrain type, building geometry and facades’ details influence wind pressure distribution. Many investigations use wind tunnel tests or computational fluid dynamics simulations to evaluate the Cps in regular geometries. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of external shading devices on the WPCs of a generic isolated model with 3.0 m x 3.0 m x 2.7 m with two openings (with 1.0 m 2 each), centralised and placed on opposite façades with a windowsill measuring 1.1 m. Thus, from its reduced version (scale 1:7.5), five configurations (model without shadings, sealed model and model with openings, and typologies with horizontal, combined and vertical shading devices) are tested in a wind tunnel with eight wind attack angles (0° to 90° and 180°). The results show greater differences in cases with vertical shading devices exposed to wind attack angles of 45°, 60° and 75°.

ABSTRACT Background: Stroke is a serious complication of sickle cell anemia (SCA). The transcranial Doppler (TCD) is the risk-screening tool for ischemic strokes. The objective of the study was to describe the clinical progression of children with SCA who presented with high risk for stroke by TCD or relevant changes by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and underwent the regular transfusion program (RTP) and/or hydroxyurea (HU) treatment between 2007 and 2018. Method: This was a neonatal retrospective/prospective cohort study with children born between 1999 and 2014 with the homozygotic form (HbSS) or Sβ0-thalassemia who underwent TCD at least once. Results: Of the 718 children screened during this period, 675 had HbSS and 43 Sβ0-thalassemia. In 54 children (7.5%), all with HbSS, a high-risk TCD (n = 45) or, when the TCD was inconclusive, an MRA with cerebral vasculopathy (n = 9) was used for detection. Of these, 51 started the RTP and the families of three refused treatment. Of the 43 children with a highrisk TCD who initiated the RTP, 29 (67.4%) reverted to low risk. In 18 of them (62%), HU was started at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) before transfusion discontinuation. None of these 29 patients had a stroke. Eight children (18.6%) maintained a high-risk TCD, even using the RTP/HU and two had a stroke. Conclusions: The TCD was confirmed as a viable tool for tracking patients with a risk for stroke. The RTP was effective in preventing the primary event. New strategies are necessary to prevent stroke using HU and new drugs, in addition to bone marrow transplantation.