Abstract The study evaluated the use of nano copper in semi-purified diets for laying quails and its effect on performance, metabolic state, and bioavailability. A total of 160 (180-days-old) quails were distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 3x3+1 factorial. The copper sources used were copper sulfate, copper oxide, and nano copper oxide, at levels of 200, 400, and 800 ppm each, totaling nine treatments plus a negative control (with no copper inclusion). The following variables were determined: weight gain, feed intake, egg production, egg weight, hemoglobin, hematocrit, Cu in the tissues and Cu bioavailability. Data were subjected to analysis of variance at 5% probability. The effect of sources and levels, as well as the interaction between the factors were evaluated. When interaction was observed, the effect of sources was evaluated separately by the Tukey’s test and the effect of levels by regression, both at 5% probability. Copper nano oxide can be used at up to 800 ppm in the diet of laying quails without altering the productive performance, and with higher bioavailability than conventional copper oxide. Hemoglobin increases with the inclusion of 200 and 400 ppm of nano copper oxide and the hematocrit with 400 ppm. semipurified semi purified performance state 16 180daysold daysold 180 days old (180-days-old design 3x31 x 3x3 1 3x3+ factorial sulfate 80 each inclusion. . inclusion) determined gain intake production hemoglobin 5 probability observed Tukeys Tukey s regression 20 40 18 3x 8 2 4

RESUMO A osteoartrite é uma importante afecção do aparelho locomotor de equinos, e os condroprotetores têm obtido papel importante no manejo da dor e como adjuvantes na redução de doses e na frequência de aplicação de outros fármacos que apresentam efeitos deletérios. O condroitim sulfato (CS) e a glucosamina (GlcN) são condroprotetores com potenciais efeitos anti-inflamatórios e anticatabólicos, cuja administração oral é a via mais frequente e controversa por resultar em baixa biodisponibilidade. Por essa razão, a administração intramuscular pode ser mais vantajosa. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os períodos de tempo para se atingir o pico de excreção urinária de CS e o início de declínio, após injeção intramuscular de produto à base de CS e de GlcN, em seis cavalos hígidos, na dose de 2 mL/100kg de condroitim sulfato A (750 mg/mL) e sulfato de glucosamina (750 mg/mL). Amostras de urina foram coletadas, no mesmo horário, no dia anterior (D-1), no dia da administração (D0), as quais constituíram o valor basal, e por mais sete dias (D1 a D7). O CS urinário foi extraído por cromatografia de troca iônica em coluna de Q-Sepharose Fast Flow, identificado por eletroforese em gel de agarose e mensurado por meio de densitometria, enquanto a creatinina urinária foi mensurada por analisador bioquímico automático. Os níveis de CS excretado (mg/L) aumentaram (P<0,0097) no D1 (24 horas) em relação ao momento basal (D0) e diminuíram no D7 (P<0,05) em relação ao D1, além dos níveis da relação CS/creatinina (mg/g) se elevarem significativamente (P<0,012) no D1 (24 horas) em relação ao basal e diminuírem no D5 (P<0,015), se comparados ao D1 e ao D2 (P<0,002). Não houve diferença significativa (P<0,05) da creatinina (g/L) nos momentos avaliados. Uma única aplicação de CS e de GlcN injetável foi capaz de aumentar consideravelmente as concentrações urinárias de CS 24 horas após, decaindo a partir do quinto dia. Esse período fundamenta o intervalo de cinco dias entre tratamentos injetáveis desses condroprotetores na OA em equinos. equinos deletérios (CS (GlcN antiinflamatórios anti inflamatórios anticatabólicos biodisponibilidade razão vantajosa declínio hígidos mL100kg mLkg mL 100kg kg 750 (75 mg/mL mgmL mg mg/mL. . coletadas horário D 1 , (D-1) D0, D0 (D D7. D7) QSepharose Q Sepharose Flow densitometria automático mg/L mgL L (mg/L P<0,0097 P00097 P 0 0097 (P<0,0097 (2 (D0 P<0,05 P005 05 (P<0,05 CScreatinina mg/g mgg g (mg/g P<0,012 P0012 012 (P<0,012 P<0,015, P0015 P<0,015 015 (P<0,015) P<0,002. P0002 P<0,002 002 (P<0,002) g/L gL (g/L avaliados 75 (7 (D-1 P<0,009 P0009 009 (P<0,009 ( P<0,0 P00 (P<0,0 P<0,01 P001 01 (P<0,01 (P<0,015 P000 P<0,00 00 (P<0,002 7 (D- (P<0,00 P<0, P0 (P<0, P<0 (P<0 P< (P< (P

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da inclusão de palma forrageira (Opuntia stricta Haw) na dieta de ovinos sobre o balanço dos macrominerais, a função renal e os metabólitos sanguíneos. Cinco ovinos canulados no rúmen (61,5±9,5kg de peso corporal) foram distribuídos em um quadrado de 5 × 5 latinos, composto de cinco dietas e cinco períodos experimentais. O período experimental teve duração de 105 dias, sendo cinco períodos de 21 dias cada. Foram avaliadas quatro dietas contendo níveis de palma forrageira (121, 245, 371 e 500g/kg de matéria seca (MS)), e uma dieta controle. Foram coletadas amostras dos ingredientes, sobras, fezes, urina e sangue. A inclusão de palma forrageira na dieta dos ovinos aumentou o consumo de MS, cinzas, oxalato e todos os macrominerais (P<0,05), mas não afetou a excreção urinária e a fecal de P, bem como a concentração de P no sangue (P>0,05). É possível verificar que a inclusão de palma forrageira, até o nível de 500g/kg de MS na dieta de ovinos, não parece causar danos à saúde do animal. Sua inclusão não compromete a função renal ou os metabólitos sanguíneos avaliados. Opuntia Haw 61,5±9,5kg 61595kg kg 61 9 5kg corporal latinos experimentais 10 2 cada 121, 121 (121 245 37 500gkg gkg 500g g , (MS)) controle ingredientes sobras fezes cinzas P<0,05, P005 P<0,05 0 05 (P<0,05) P>0,05. P>0,05 . (P>0,05) animal avaliados 6 1 12 (12 24 3 (MS) P00 P<0,0 (P<0,05 P>0,0 (P>0,05 (1 (MS P0 P<0, (P<0,0 P>0, (P>0,0 ( P<0 (P<0, P>0 (P>0, P< (P<0 P> (P>0 (P< (P> (P

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of spineless cactus (Opuntia stricta Haw) in the diet of sheep on the balance of macrominerals, renal function, and blood metabolites. Five sheep cannulated in the rumen (61.5±9.5kg body weight) were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square composed of five diets and five experimental periods. The experimental period lasted 105 days, with five periods of 21 days each. Four diets containing levels of spineless cactus (121, 245, 371, and 500g/kg of dry matter (DM)), and a control diet were evaluated. Samples of the ingredients, orts, feces, urine, and blood were collected. Spineless cactus inclusion in sheep diets increased the DM intake, ash, oxalate, and all macrominerals intake (P < 0.05), but did not affect the urinary and fecal excretion of P, as well as the concentration of P in the blood (P > 0.05). It is possible to verify that the inclusion of spineless cactus, up to the level of 500g/kg of DM in the sheep diets, does not appear to cause damage to the animal’s health. Its inclusion does not compromise kidney function or blood metabolites evaluated herein. Opuntia Haw 61.5±9.5kg 61595kg kg 61 9 5kg weight 10 2 each 121, 121 (121 245 371 500gkg gkg 500g g DM, , (DM)) ingredients orts feces urine collected ash oxalate 0.05, 005 0.05 0 05 0.05) 0.05. . animals animal s health herein 6 1 12 (12 24 37 (DM) 00 0.0 (1 3 (DM 0. (

Abstract Although there are reports that polyphenol resveratrol (Rsv) may cause muscle hypertrophy in basal conditions and attenuate muscle wasting in catabolic situations, its mechanism of action is still unclear. Our study evaluated the ex vivo effects of Rsv on protein metabolism and intracellular signaling in innervated (sham-operated; Sham) and 3-day sciatic denervated (Den) rat skeletal muscles. Rsv (10-4 M) reduced total proteolysis (40%) in sham muscles. Den increased total proteolysis (~40%) in muscle, which was accompanied by an increase in the activities of ubiquitin-proteasome (~3-fold) and lysosomal (100%) proteolytic systems. Rsv reduced total proteolysis (59%) in Den muscles by inhibiting the hyperactivation of ubiquitin-proteasome (50%) and lysosomal (~70%) systems. Neither Rsv nor Den altered calcium-dependent proteolysis in muscles. Mechanistically, Rsv stimulated PKA/CREB signaling in Den muscles, and PKA blockage by H89 (50μM) abolished the antiproteolytic action of the polyphenol. Rsv reduced FoxO4 phosphorylation (~60%) in both Sham and Den muscles and Akt phosphorylation (36%) in Den muscles. Rsv also caused a homeostatic effect in Den muscles by returning their protein synthesis rates to levels similar to Sham muscles. These data indicate that Rsv directly inhibits the proteolytic activity of lysosomal and ubiquitin-proteasome systems, mainly in Den muscles through, at least in part, the activation of PKA/CREB signaling. (Rsv situations unclear shamoperated operated (sham-operated 3day day 3 (Den 104 10 4 (10- M 40% 40 (40% ~40% (~40% ubiquitinproteasome ubiquitin proteasome ~3fold 3fold fold ~3 (~3-fold 100% 100 (100% systems 59% 59 (59% 50% 50 (50% ~70% 70 (~70% calciumdependent calcium dependent Mechanistically PKACREB CREB H H8 50μM μM (50μM FoxO ~60% 60 (~60% 36% 36 (36% through part 1 (10 (40 ~40 (~40 ~ (100 5 (59 (50 ~70 7 (~70 ~60 6 (~60 (36 (1 (4 ~4 (~4 (5 ~7 (~7 ~6 (~6 (3 ( (~

Resumo Muitas cidades são impactadas pelo efeito das ilhas de calor. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com esse analisar a distribuição espacial e temporal das ilhas de calor urbanas e a influência das áreas verdes na formação dos microclimas urbanos no município do Rio de Janeiro. Como resultados, observou-se que Rio de Janeiro encontra-se sob influência das ilhas de calor, as áreas mais antigas da cidade e sobretudo mais urbanizadas são as mais acometidas pelas altas temperaturas. Foi possível constatar o papel da vegetação na formação dos microclimas urbanos por meio do coordenador de psicologia negativa entre a temperatura da superfície (Ts) e os índices de vegetação (NDVI) e (EVI), e ainda um coeficiente de transferência positiva entre Temperatura da Superfície (Ts) e Índice de Áreas Construídas por Diferença Normalizada (NDBI), demonstrando a influência da urbanização no aumento da temperatura. contexto objetivouse objetivou se resultados observouse observou encontrase encontra temperaturas Ts (Ts NDVI (NDVI EVI, EVI , (EVI) NDBI, NDBI (NDBI) (EVI (NDBI

Abstract Many cities are impacted by the effect of heat islands. In this context, the aim of this study was to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of urban heat islands and the influence of green areas on the formation of urban microclimates in the city of Rio de Janeiro. As a result, it was observed that Rio de Janeiro city is under heat islands influence, in which the oldest and most urbanized areas of the city are the most affected by high temperatures. It was possible to verify the role of vegetation in the formation of urban microclimates through the negative correlation coefficient between surface temperature (Ts) and vegetation indexes (NDVI and EVI), along with the positive correlation coefficient between surface temperature (Ts) and the Index of Areas Built by Normalized Difference (NDBI), what demonstrates the influence of urbanization on the increase of temperature. context result temperatures Ts (Ts NDVI EVI, EVI , EVI) NDBI, NDBI (NDBI) (NDBI

Resumen Muchas ciudades se ven afectadas por el efecto de las islas de calor. En este contexto, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la distribución espacial y temporal de las islas de calor urbanas y la influencia de las áreas verdes en la formación de los microclimas urbanos en el municipio de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Como resultados, se observó que Río de Janeiro está influenciada por las islas de calor, siendo las áreas más antiguas y urbanizadas las más afectadas por altas temperaturas. Se pudo constatar el papel de la vegetación en la formación de los microclimas urbanos mediante el coeficiente de correlación negativo entre la temperatura de la superficie (Ts) y los índices de vegetación (NDVI) y (EVI), así como un coeficiente de correlación positivo entre la temperatura de la superficie (Ts) y el Índice de Áreas Construidas por Diferencia Normalizada (NDBI), lo que demuestra la influencia de la urbanización en el aumento de la temperatura. contexto Brasil resultados temperaturas Ts (Ts NDVI (NDVI EVI, EVI , (EVI) NDBI, NDBI (NDBI) (EVI (NDBI

Super-austenitic stainless steels (SASS) are alloys with better performance in industrial applications in comparison with standard degrees of austenitic stainless steels (ASS), mainly because of elevated Ni and Mo contents and residual control of certain elements because the improvement of refine techniques. These facts, promotes an improvement of mechanical properties and minimize detrimental effects of intergranular corrosion. Besides, some industrial applications involve high temperatures services, because these alloys families have an excellent creep and oxidation resistances performances. In this work, the objective is evaluate the microstructural and mechanical properties in high Mo SASS exposed at 600˚C in specimens aged until 2000 hours. Thus, hardness and toughness values and Double Loop Electrochemical Potentiodynamic Reactivation (DL-EPR) measurements were analyzed in several thermal aging in comparison to solution treatment condition. Complementary, analysis by Light Optical (LOM), of specimens tested by DL-EPR, and Scanning Electron Microscopies (SEM) in fractured surface from Charpy specimens were also analysed by SEM by backscattered electron mode (BSE). The results show that the aging provokes intergranular embrittlement by inhomogeneous distribution in grain boundaries of Mo rich phase precipitation.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a taxa de crescimento folicular e a taxa ovulatória em éguas tratadas com dispositivo intravaginal de progesterona (P4) durante o período de 10 dias, associado à utilização de benzoato de estradiol (BE). Os resultados foram comparados durante o período de transição (ET) da primavera com a época de reprodução no verão (ER). As variáveis foram submetidas à ANOVA (teste de Tukey), considerando-se P<0,05. Nenhuma ovulação ocorreu durante a permanência do dispositivo de P4 em ambos os períodos experimentais. A taxa ovulatória na ER foi de 100% (n = 8) e na ET, de 62,5% (n=5; P=0,0547). Diferença significativas (<0,001) foram observadas, em ambos os períodos experimentais, comparando as taxas de crescimento folicular durante a permanência da P4 (ER: 1,33 ± 0,89mm/d; ET: 1,00 ± 0,81mm/d) com o período sem P4 (ER: 3,63 ± 1,33mm/d; ET: 3,31 ± 1,66mm/d). O presente estudo demonstrou aplicabilidade e eficiência do protocolo hormonal utilizando dispositivo intravaginal de P4 e BE para controle folicular de éguas, tanto na ET quanto na ER.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate follicular growth and ovulatory rates in mares treated with an intravaginal progesterone device (P4) during the 10-day period, associated with the use of estradiol benzoate (EB). The results were compared during the transition period (ET) in the spring and the breeding season in the summer (ER). The variables were submitted to ANOVA (Tukey's test), considering P<0.05. No ovulation occurred during the permanence of the P4 implant in both experimental periods. The ovulatory rate in the ER was 100% (n = 8) and in the ET 62.5% (n = 5; P = 0.0547). Significant differences were observed (<0.001), in both periods, comparing follicular growth rates during the permanence of P4 device (ER: 1.33 ± 0.89mm/d; ET: 1.00 ± 0.81mm/d) to the period without P4 (ER: 3.63 ± 1.33 mm/d; ET: 3.31 ± 1.66 mm/d). The present study demonstrated applicability and efficiency of a hormonal protocol using P4 intravaginal device and EB for follicular control in mares, both during ET and ER.

RESUMO: O plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) é uma alternativa terapêutica promissora, pois as plaquetas são ricas em fatores de crescimento com ação na regeneração de tecidos. No entanto, o PRP fresco não pode ser armazenado por longos períodos. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver um protocolo de obtenção de PRP liofilizado canino capaz de manter a viabilidade pós reconstituição. Portanto, foram testados diversos protocolos de extração e liofilização. Para validação do PRP canino liofilizado foi analisada a concentração dos fatores de crescimento VEGF e TGF-β antes e após o processo de liofilização, a estrutura tridimensional do PRP liofilizado reconstituído em forma de gel por microscopia eletrônica e seu efeito in vitro na proliferação de células-tronco mesenquimais. Os resultados demonstraram que o PRP liofilizado apresentou concentrações terapêuticas adequadas dos fatores de crescimento VEGF e TGF- β (9,1pg/ml e 6161,6pg/ml, respectivamente). O gel de PRP reconstituído após liofilização apresentou uma durabilidade in vitro de 10 dias, sua estrutura tridimensional mostrou-se semelhante ao PRP fresco e proporcionou intensa proliferação de células-tronco mesenquimais durante o cultivo. O teste de imunogenicidade não demonstrou evidências de reação imune. Os achados foram promissores, sugerindo a possibilidade de uso de PRP canino liofilizado para o mercado. Novos estudos in vivo e in vitro deverão ser conduzidos para comprovação terapêutica.

ABSTRACT: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been considered a promising therapeutic alternative, since platelets are rich in growth factors that are used in the Regenerative Medicine field. However, fresh PRP cannot be stored for long periods. This study aimed to develop a protocol for obtaining lyophilized canine PRP capable of maintaining viability after its reconstitution. For that purpose, canine PRP extraction and lyophilization protocols were initially tested. Subsequently, assays were carried out to quantify the growth factors VEGF and TGF-β, before and after the lyophilization process, gelation test and the three-dimensional gel structure analysis of the reconstituted lyophilized PRP by electron microscopy, as well as in vitro cell proliferation test in lyophilized PRP gel. Additionally, the immunogenicity test was performed, using allogeneic samples of lyophilized PRP. The results showed that the lyophilized PRP had adequate therapeutic concentrations of growth factors VEGF and TGF-β (9.1pg/mL and 6161.6pg/mL, respectively). The reconstituted PRP gel after lyophilization showed an in vitro durability of 10 days. Its electron microscopy structure was similar to that of fresh PRP. In the cell proliferation test, an intense division process was verified in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through the three-dimensional mesh structure of the lyophilized PRP gel. The immunogenicity test showed no evidence of an immune reaction. The findings were promising, suggesting the possibility of having a lyophilized canine PRP that can be marketed. New in vivo and in vitro studies must be carried out for therapeutic confirmation.

Abstract Geographic information systems make it possible to obtain fine scale maps for environmental monitoring from airborne sensors on aerial platforms, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which offer products with low costs and high space-time resolution. The present study assessed the performance of an UAV in the evaluation of the seasonal behavior of five vegetation coverages: Coffea spp., Eucalyptus spp., Pinus spp. and two forest remnants. For this, vegetation indices (Excess Green and Excess Red minus Green), meteorological data and moisture of surface soils were used. In addition, Sentinel-2 satellite images were used to validate these results. The highest correlations with soil moisture were found in coffee and Forest Remnant 1. The Coffea spp. had the indices with the highest correlation to the studied soil properties. However, the UAV images also provided relevant results for understanding the dynamics of forest remnants. The Excess Green index (p = 0.96) had the highest correlation coefficients for Coffea spp., while the Excess Red minus Green index was the best index for forest remnants (p = 0.75). The results confirmed that low-cost UAVs have the potential to be used as a support tool for phenological studies and can also validate satellite-derived data.

Abstract The use of creep feeding for preweaning piglets is important to improve the performance of the piglets. The objective of this experiment was evaluate the effect of using or altering the position of piglet’s creep feeder during lactation on piglet’s performance and on behavior of piglets and sows kept in a hot climate environment. Forty-five sows and their litters at 10 days of lactation were randomly distributed into three treatments: front feeder (FF) - near the side of the sow’s head; back feeder (BF) - near the side of the rump of the sow; and no feeder (NF). All piglets were weighed individually to evaluate the average weight, weight gain and coefficient of variation of the weight. Behavior assessments of the piglets and sows were recorded in 3 period. At 15 and 21 d, piglets of the FF treatment were heavier (P ≤ 0.0001) than piglets of the other treatments. At 10-21d piglets of FF treatment had 76.2% less belly nosing behavior than the NF piglets (P=0.015). The treatments had no impact on behavior of the sows. The creep feeders positioned in the front of the farrowing crate increased piglet growth rate and decreased frequency of belly nosing behavior.

The present study compared the effects of a footwear designed to enhance energy return (thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU) vs minimalist shoes on running economy (RE) and endurance performance. In this counterbalanced and crossover design study, 11 recreational male runners performed two submaximal constant-speed running tests and two 3-km time-trials with the two shoe models. Oxygen uptake was measured during submaximal constant-speed running tests in order to determine the RE at 12 km/h and oxygen cost of running (CTO2) at individual average speed sustained during the 3-km running time-trials wearing either of the two shoes. Our results revealed that RE was improved (2.4%) with TPU shoes compared with minimalist shoes (P=0.01). However, there was no significant difference for CTO2 (P=0.61) and running performance (P=0.52) comparing the TPU (710±60 s) and the minimalist (718±63 s) shoe models. These novel findings demonstrate that shoes with enhanced mechanical energy return (i.e. TPU) produced a lower energy cost of running at low (i.e., 12 km/h) but not at high speeds (i.e., average speed sustained during the 3-km running time-trial, ∼15 km/h), ultimately resulting in similar running performance compared to the minimalist shoe.

Mechanisms involved in cardiac function and calcium (Ca2+) handling in obese-resistant (OR) rats are still poorly determined. We tested the hypothesis that unsaturated high-fat diet (HFD) promotes myocardial dysfunction in OR rats, which it is related to Ca2+ handling. In addition, we questioned whether exercise training (ET) becomes a therapeutic strategy. Male Wistar rats (n=80) were randomized to standard or HFD diets for 20 weeks. The rats were redistributed for the absence or presence of ET and OR: control (C; n=12), control + ET (CET; n=14), obese-resistant (OR; n=9), and obese-resistant + ET (ORET; n=10). Trained rats were subjected to aerobic training protocol with progressive intensity (55-70% of the maximum running speed) and duration (15 to 60 min/day) for 12 weeks. Nutritional, metabolic, and cardiovascular parameters were determined. Cardiac function and Ca2+ handling tests were performed in isolated left ventricle (LV) papillary muscle. OR rats showed cardiac atrophy with reduced collagen levels, but there was myocardial dysfunction. ET was efficient in improving most parameters of body composition. However, the mechanical properties and Ca2+ handling from isolated papillary muscle were similar among groups. Aerobic ET does not promote morphological and cardiac functional adaptation under the condition of OR.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar em uma amostra de pacientes com distúrbios da diferenciação do sexo (DDS), dados relacionados à idade, ao encaminhamento e sua correlação com as queixas iniciais, ao sexo ao encaminhamento e ao sexo final e diagnóstico etiológico. Métodos: Revisão retrospectiva da idade por ocasião da primeira consulta e motivo dela, sexo social inicial e após definição do diagnóstico, cariótipo e diagnóstico etiológico de todos os casos atendidos em um ambulatório especializado em DDS entre 1989 e 2016. Foram excluídos casos que não compreendiam DDS e diagnósticos de DDS que não cursam comumente com ambiguidade genital, não necessitam de acompanhamento especializado. Resultados: Dos 1.793 casos atendidos, 1.139 foram diagnosticados com algum DDS. Excluíram-se 430 (272 síndrome de Turner, 66 síndrome de Klinefelter e 92 disgenesia gonadal pura), totalizando 709. Desses, 82,9% foram encaminhados por ambiguidade genital, somente um quarto ainda no primeiro mês de vida e 6,6% por atraso puberal, a maioria com 10 anos ou mais; 68,6% tiveram diagnóstico de DDS XY; 22,4% DDS XX e 9% de anomalias dos cromossomos sexuais. Conclusões: Este estudo apresenta a maior casuística na literatura de pacientes com DDS atendidos em um único serviço. O momento de encaminhamento da maioria dos pacientes com ambiguidade genital foi aquém do ideal e casos mais leves de ambiguidade e muitos com manifestações puberais foram encaminhados ainda mais tardiamente. Os resultados reforçam a importância do ensino continuado a profissionais que terão o primeiro contato com esses pacientes, principalmente pediatras e neonatologistas.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate, in a sample of patients with disorders of sex development (DSD), data related to the age at referral and their correlation with the initial complaints, gender at referral, defined gender after diagnosis and etiological diagnosis. Methods: Retrospective review of the age at the first consultation and the reason for it, initial social gender and gender after the diagnosis, karyotype and etiological diagnosis of all cases treated at a DSD outpatient clinic between 1989 and 2016. Cases that did not involve DSD and DSD diagnoses that do not usually involve ambiguous genitalia, thus not requiring specialized monitoring, were excluded. Results: Of the 1793 treated cases, 1139 were diagnosed with some type of DSD. This study excluded 430 cases (272 with Turner's syndrome, 66 with Klinefelter syndrome, and 92 with pure gonadal dysgenesis), thus a total 709 individuals were included. Of these, 82.9% were referred due to ambiguous genitalia; only one-quarter were still in the first month of life, and 6.6% were referred due to pubertal delay, with most of them aged 10 years or older. Of these patients, 68.6% had a diagnosis of XY DSD, 22.4% of XX DSD, and 9% of sex chromosome abnormalities. Conclusions: This study presents the largest series in the literature of patients with DSD treated in a single center. The time of referral of the majority of patients with ambiguous genitalia fell short of the ideal, and milder cases of ambiguous genitalia and many with pubertal manifestations were referred even later. The results reinforce the importance of continuing education for professionals who will have the first contact with these patients, mainly pediatricians and neonatologists.

RESUMO Foram avaliados ultrassonograficamente, pela via transpalpebral, 28 bulbos oculares de 14 catetos adultos, através de técnica padronizada pelo operador. Adicionalmente foi realizado o estudo hemodinâmico da artéria oftálmica externa pela técnica de Doppler colorido. Os dados coletados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo programa Bioestat 5.0 for Windows, adotando-se 5% de significância. Com a metodologia empregada, obtiveram-se os seguintes valores para os globos oculares direito e esquerdo, respectivamente D1: 1,72 ± 0,29mm e 1,76 ± 0,40mm; D2: 9,95 ± 1,08mm e 10,6 ± 0,99mm; D3: 7,42 ± 0,93mm e 7,45 ± 0,72mm e D4: 17,6 ± 0,78mm e 17,8 ± 0,59mm. Os valores médios do índice de resistividade da artéria oftálmica externa foram 0,435 ± 0,02 e 0,448 ± 0,02 (globos oculares direito e esquerdo, respectivamente). Não houve diferença estatística quanto aos antímeros oculares em nenhum dos parâmetros estudados. Conclui-se que a ecobiometria ocular e a Dopplerfluxometria da artéria oftálmica na espécie Tayassu tajacu é executável e reprodutível, desde que haja domínio do examinador em relação à anatomia e à técnica adequada. Os valores inferidos neste estudo servem de referência para médicos veterinários no diagnóstico de doenças oculares.

ABSTRACT Twenty-eight ocular bulbs of fourteen adult catheters were evaluated through ultrasound with the transpalpebral approach, using a standardized technique by the operator. Additionally, the hemodynamic study of the external ophthalmic artery was performed using the color Doppler technique. The collected data were statistically analyzed by the Bioestat 5.0 for Windows program, adopting 5% of significance. With the methodology employed, the following values were obtained for the right and left eyeballs, respectively D1: 1.72 ± 0.29mm and 1.76 ± 0.40mm; D2: 9.95 ± 1.08mm and 10.6 ± 0.99mm; D3: 7.42 ± 0.93mm and 7.45 ± 0.72mm and D4: 17.6 ± 0.78mm and 17.8 ± 0.59mm. The mean resistivity index values of the external ophthalmic artery were 0.435 ± 0.02 and 0.448 ± 0.02 (right and left eyeball respectively). There was no statistical difference regarding ocular antimers in any of the studied parameters. We concluded that ocular echobiometry and ophthalmic artery Doppler flowmetry in Tayassu tajacu species is executable and reproducible, provided there is an examiner's domain regarding the anatomy and proper technique. The values inferred in this study serve as a reference for veterinarians in the diagnosis of eye diseases.