The seed of the fruits of three palm of the Attalea gender were characterized chemically. They are: Attalea moorei, Attalea sp and Attalea salazarii, which were collected in the Peruvian Amazon. The centesimal composition for the three species presents in dry weight: ash: 1,54%, 1,30% and 1,44%; proteins: 20,63%, 17,48% and 10,16%; greases 23,02%, 18,03% and 19,47%; and carbohydrates: 54,81%, 63,19% and 68,93% for Attalea moorei, Attalea sp. and Attalea salazarii, respectively. The concentration of elements analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometríc, indicated (in: mg/100g), (Cu) : 0,955, 0,827 and 1,390; (K) : 490,13, 405,43 and 578,68; (Mn) : 1,43, 1,98 and 1,65; (Mg) : 134,83, 102,37 and 111,68; (Na) : 153,18, 126,28 and 120,55; (Zn) : 1,73, 1,21 and 1,86; (Fe) : 2,95, 1,68 and 0,51; and (Ca) : 24,30, 78,40 and 44,55 for A. moorei, A. sp. and A. salazarii, respectively. The characterization of fat acids, were realized by gas chromatography, and it was observed that this gender in study, presented a higher concentration of saturated acid, and the lauric acid was of the major, with 44,40%, 47,97% y 51,84% for A. moorei, A. sp. and A. salazarii, respectively. Identification of amino acids were made by means of the chromatography of fine layer and is observed that the fruits present all the essential amino acids.
Se caracterizó químicamente la almendra de los frutos de tres palmeras del género Attalea: Attalea moorei, Attalea sp. y Attalea salazarii que fueron colectadas en la región amazónica peruana. La composición centesimal para las tres especies presenta en peso seco: cenizas: 1,54%, 1,30% y 1,44%; proteínas: 20,63%, 17,48% y 10,16%; grasas: 23,02%, 18,03% y 19,47; y carbohidratos: 54,81%, 63,19% y 68,93% para A. moorei, A. sp. y A. salazarii, respectivamente. La concentración de elementos analizados por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica, en mg/100g indican: (Cu): 0,955, 0,827 y 1,390; (K): 490,13, 405,43 y 578,68; (Mn): 1,43, 1,98 y 1,65; (Mg): 134,83, 102,37 y 111,68; (Na): 153,18, 126,28 y 120,55; (Zn): 1,73, 1,21 y 1,86; (Fe): 2,95, 1,68 y 0,51; y (Ca): 24,30, 78,40 y 44,55 para A. moorei, A. sp. y A. salazarii, respectivamente. La caracterización de ácidos grasos se realizó por cromatografía gaseosa; se observó que las Attaleas presentaron mayor concentración de ácidos grasos saturados, encontrándose en mayor concentración el ácido láurico, siendo de 44,40%, 47,97% y 51,84% para A. moorei, A. sp y A. salazarii, respectivamente. La identificación de aminoácidos se realizó mediante la cromatografía de capa fina y se observa que los frutos presentan todos los aminoácidos esenciales.