ABSTRACT Biochar can promote crop production and soil quality. However, its characteristics depend on the waste used in its production and its effects may vary according to the species being cultivated and the management adopted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of biochar from animal waste on soil quality and the agronomic characteristics of the cowpea. An experiment was set up to test three types of biochar (bovine-BB, swine-SB and poultry-BP), with added fertiliser (BBF, SBF and BPF) and two control treatments, including the addition of calcium magnesium oxide (CT) and calcium magnesium oxide with fertiliser (CTF), giving a total of eight treatments with four replications. There was a respective increase of up to 102.94%, 1048%, 1560% and 360.22% in stem diameter, number of pods, number of grains per pod and stem dry matter from adding the biochar. The poultry biochar increased each of the above parameters even with no added fertiliser. There was no difference in basal soil respiration or β-glucosidase enzyme activity, whereas organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), microbial carbon and soil labile carbon were greater with biochar. BBF gave the highest TOC content (24.40 g kg-1), while BP and BPF increased TN by around 61%. The application of biochar + fertiliser contributed to an average reduction of 56% in the soil metabolic quotient. Poultry biochar favoured both the agronomic characteristics of the cowpea and soil quality, while bovine biochar showed more marked results with the addition of fertiliser. However adopted bovineBB, bovineBB BB, BB (bovine-BB swineSB swine SB poultryBP, poultryBP , poultry-BP) BBF, (BBF CT (CT CTF, CTF (CTF) replications 10294 102 94 102.94% 1048 1048% 1560 36022 360 22 360.22 diameter pods βglucosidase β glucosidase activity TOC, (TOC) TN, (TN) 24.40 2440 24 40 (24.4 kg1, kg1 kg 1 kg-1) 61 61% 56 quotient poultry-BP (CTF 1029 10 9 102.94 104 156 3602 36 2 360.2 (TOC (TN 24.4 244 4 (24. kg-1 6 5 102.9 15 3 360. 24. (24 kg- 102. (2 (

Abstract Introduction: The fast pace of changes in contemporary life increases the need to adapt, which leads to depressive pathologies due to psychological suffering. Yoga has therefore emerged as a complementary approach to the treatment of depression. Objective: To analyze the efficacy of yoga in reducing depressive symptoms. Materials and methods: This is a systematic literature review, which followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for systematic reviews of efficacy, with the review protocol registered on Prospero under the code CRD42023448158. To devise the research question, the Pico strategy was adopted, in which "P" stands for people with depression, "I" for yoga; "C" for people who have not been submitted to yoga, and "O" for improvement/reduction of depressive symptoms. The requirements of the Prisma flowchart were followed and the search was conducted in the Medline/ PubMed, Web of Science, Lilacs, BDEnf, Ibecs, PsycINFO, and Cinahl databases. The Jadad scale was used to assess methodological quality and the Cochrane Risk of Bias2 to assess the risk of bias. Results: A total of 1138 studies were found, of which 10 were selected for data extraction, detailed reading, and qualitative synthesis. Yoga, especially mindfulness yoga, has been shown to be an effective intervention for various conditions, including depression. Its benefits include significant improvements in depression severity, health-related quality of life, motor dysfunction, mobility, spiritual well-being, and parasympathetic nervous system activity. Conclusion: The studies highlight the efficacy of yoga in reducing depressive symptoms in various populations and contexts, highlighting its effectiveness as a complementary therapeutic approach in the management of depression.

Resumo Introdução: O ritmo acelerado das mudanças na vida contemporânea aumenta a demanda por adaptação, o que leva a patologias depressivas devido ao sofrimento psíquico. Portanto, o yoga emerge como abordagem complementar ao tratamento da depressão. Objetivo: Analisar a eficácia do yoga na redução dos sintomas depressivos. Materiais e método: Revisão sistemática da literatura, a qual seguiu a metodologia do Joanna Briggs Institute para revisões sistemáticas de eficácia, e o protocolo da revisão foi registrado na Prospero com o código CRD42023448158. Para formular a questão de pesquisa, adotou-se a estratégia Pico, no em que "P" são pessoas com depressão; "I", yoga; "C", pessoas que não foram submetidas a yoga; "O", melhora/redução dos sintomas depressivos. Foram seguidos os requisitos do fluxograma Prisma e a busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Lilacs, BDEnf, Ibecs, PsycINFO e Cinahl. Aplicou-se a escala de Jadad para a avaliação da qualidade metodológica e a Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 para a avaliação do risco de viés. Resultados: Foram identificados 1138 estudos, dos quais 10 foram selecionados para a extração de dados, para a leitura detalhada e para a síntese qualitativa. O yoga, especialmente o mindfulness yoga, demonstrou ser intervenção eficaz para várias condições, incluindo a depressão. Os benefícios incluem melhorias significativas na gravidade da depressão, na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, na disfunção motora, na mobilidade, no bem-estar espiritual e na atividade do sistema nervoso parassimpático. Conclusão: Os estudos destacam a eficácia do yoga na redução dos sintomas depressivos em diferentes populações e contextos, reforçando sua eficácia como abordagem terapêutica complementar na gestão da depressão.

Resumen Introducción: El ritmo acelerado de los cambios en la vida contemporánea aumenta la demanda de adaptación, lo que conduce a patologías depresivas debidas al malestar psicológico. Por ello, el yoga ha surgido como un enfoque complementario para el tratamiento de la depresión. Objetivo: Analizar la eficacia del yoga en la reducción de los síntomas depresivos. Materiales y método: Revisión sistemática de la literatura, que siguió la metodología del Joanna Briggs Institute para revisiones sistemáticas de efectividad, y el protocolo de revisión se registró en Prospero con el código CRD42023448158. Para formular la pregunta de investigación, se adoptó la estrategia Pico, en la que "P" son personas con depresión; "I", Yoga; "C", personas que no han realizado Yoga; "O", mejora/reducción de los síntomas depresivos. Se siguieron los requisitos del diagrama de flujo de Prisma y la búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Medline/ PubMed, Web of Science, Lilacs, BDEnf, Ibecs, PsycINFO y Cinahl. Se utilizó la escala Jadad para evaluar la calidad metodológica y la Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 para evaluar el riesgo de sesgo. Resultados: Se identificaron 1138 estudios, de los cuales se seleccionaron 10 para la extracción de datos, la lectura detallada y la síntesis cualitativa. El yoga, especialmente el mindfulness yoga, ha demostrado ser una intervención eficaz para diversas condiciones, incluida la depresión. Los beneficios incluyen mejoras significativas en la gravedad de la depresión, la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, la disfunción motora, la movilidad, el bienestar espiritual y la actividad del sistema nervioso parasimpático. Conclusión: Los estudios destacan la eficacia del yoga en la reducción de los síntomas depresivos en diferentes poblaciones y contextos, reforzando su eficacia como enfoque terapéutico complementario en el tratamiento de la depresión.

Resumo A presente revisão integrativa tem por objetivo identificar os arranjos de cuidado em saúde mental que foram implementados no enfrentamento à pandemia de COVID-19. Realizou-se busca em três bases de dados (SciELO, PubMed e LILACS), em português, inglês e espanhol, com os descritores “SAÚDE MENTAL” or “SALUD MENTAL” or “MENTAL HEALTH” AND “COVID-19”, no período de 2020 a 2021. Foram encontrados 3.451 artigos, sendo 43 selecionados para análise. Em relação ao cuidado em saúde mental, os principais arranjos identificados foram os digitais, de natureza pública, desenvolvidos na esfera municipal e com integração com a rede de saúde. Os modelos de cuidado em saúde mental para o enfrentamento da pandemia são discutidos a partir dos tipos de arranjo produzidos nesse contexto sanitário emergencial e crítico. Apresenta-se, ainda, um recorte da realidade encontrada no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), reiterando sua resiliência. Concluiu-se que os arranjos digitais foram os mais usados e que há necessidade de investigar a acessibilidade deste modelo para populações com maior vulnerabilidade social. Reafirma-se a importância do SUS para o enfrentamento da COVID-19 e no acesso a informações de saúde. COVID19. COVID19 COVID 19. 19 Realizouse Realizou se SciELO, SciELO (SciELO LILACS, LILACS , LILACS) português espanhol SAÚDE MENTAL SALUD HEALTH COVID19, “COVID-19” 202 2021 3451 3 451 3.45 artigos 4 análise pública crítico Apresentase, Apresentase Apresenta se, Apresenta-se ainda SUS, (SUS) resiliência Concluiuse Concluiu social Reafirmase Reafirma COVID-1 COVID1 1 “COVID-19 20 345 45 3.4 (SUS COVID- “COVID-1 2 34 3. “COVID- “COVID

Abstract This integrative review aims to identify the mental health care measures that were produced during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research was conducted on three databases (SciELO, PubMed, and LILACS) with the following descriptors in Portuguese, English, and Spanish: “SAÚDE MENTAL” or “SALUD MENTAL” or “MENTAL HEALTH” AND “COVID-19” from 2020 to 2021. In total, 3,451 articles were found, 43 of which were analyzed. Most measures were digital, stemmed from public institutions, focused on the local perspective, and were integrated with the public health care system. This study discusses the models of care in mental health based on measures to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. It also discusses the Brazilian health care system, reiterating its resilience. In conclusion, digital measures occurred most often. This study suggest the evaluation of the accessibility of this mental health care model for most vulnerable groups. Finally, this research reinforces the importance of the Brazilian health care system for public health and access to information to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pandemic SciELO, SciELO (SciELO PubMed LILACS Portuguese English Spanish SAÚDE MENTAL SALUD HEALTH “COVID-19 202 2021 total 3451 3 451 3,45 found 4 analyzed institutions perspective resilience conclusion often groups Finally COVID1 1 COVID- “COVID-1 20 345 45 3,4 “COVID- 2 34 3, “COVID

Resumo A presente revisão integrativa tem por objetivo identificar os arranjos de cuidado em saúde mental que foram implementados no enfrentamento à pandemia de COVID-19. Realizou-se busca em três bases de dados (SciELO, PubMed e LILACS), em português, inglês e espanhol, com os descritores “SAÚDE MENTAL” or “SALUD MENTAL” or “MENTAL HEALTH” AND “COVID-19”, no período de 2020 a 2021. Foram encontrados 3.451 artigos, sendo 43 selecionados para análise. Em relação ao cuidado em saúde mental, os principais arranjos identificados foram os digitais, de natureza pública, desenvolvidos na esfera municipal e com integração com a rede de saúde. Os modelos de cuidado em saúde mental para o enfrentamento da pandemia são discutidos a partir dos tipos de arranjo produzidos nesse contexto sanitário emergencial e crítico. Apresenta-se, ainda, um recorte da realidade encontrada no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), reiterando sua resiliência. Concluiu-se que os arranjos digitais foram os mais usados e que há necessidade de investigar a acessibilidade deste modelo para populações com maior vulnerabilidade social. Reafirma-se a importância do SUS para o enfrentamento da COVID-19 e no acesso a informações de saúde.

Abstract This integrative review aims to identify the mental health care measures that were produced during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research was conducted on three databases (SciELO, PubMed, and LILACS) with the following descriptors in Portuguese, English, and Spanish: “SAÚDE MENTAL” or “SALUD MENTAL” or “MENTAL HEALTH” AND “COVID-19” from 2020 to 2021. In total, 3,451 articles were found, 43 of which were analyzed. Most measures were digital, stemmed from public institutions, focused on the local perspective, and were integrated with the public health care system. This study discusses the models of care in mental health based on measures to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. It also discusses the Brazilian health care system, reiterating its resilience. In conclusion, digital measures occurred most often. This study suggest the evaluation of the accessibility of this mental health care model for most vulnerable groups. Finally, this research reinforces the importance of the Brazilian health care system for public health and access to information to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.

ABSTRACT. Invasive species threaten crops and ecosystems worldwide. Therefore, we sought to understand the relationship between the geographic distribution of species populations and the characteristics of seeds using new techniques such as seed image analysis, multivariate analysis, and machine learning. This study aimed to characterize Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. seeds from spatially dispersed populations using digital images and analyzed their implications for genetic studies. Seed size and shape descriptors were obtained using image analysis of the five populations. Several analyses were performed including descriptive statistics, principal components, Euclidean distance, Mantel correlation test, and supervised machine learning. This image analysis technique proved to be efficient in detecting biometric differences in L. leucocephala seeds from spatially dispersed populations. This method revealed that spatially dispersed L. leucocephala populations had different biometric seed patterns that can be used in studies of population genetic divergence. We observed that it is possible to identify the origin of the seeds from the biometric characters with 80.4% accuracy (Kappa statistic 0.755) when we applied the decision tree algorithm. Digital imaging analysis associated with machine learning is promising for discriminating forest tree populations, supporting management activities, and studying population genetic divergence. This technique contributes to the understanding of genotype-environment interactions and consequently identifies the ability of an invasive species to spread in a new area, making it possible to track and monitor the flow of seeds between populations and other sites. ABSTRACT worldwide Therefore Lam. Lam (Lam. Wit statistics components distance test L divergence 804 80 4 80.4 Kappa 0.755 0755 0 755 algorithm activities genotypeenvironment genotype environment area sites (Lam 8 80. 0.75 075 75 0.7 07 7 0.

ABSTRACT. Tomato is a demanding crop in terms of handling, mainly because irrigation has a strong influence on fruit production and quality. Salinity changes the absorption, transport, assimilation, and distribution of nutrients in the plant. In general, such effects are analyzed using statistical tests. However, fuzzy models allow simulations between points that are not verified in agricultural experimentation. Currently, systems with artificial intelligence have excelled in the field of applied sciences, particularly fuzzy systems applied to mathematical modeling. The objective of this research was to use fuzzy modeling to analyze the biometric variables during the development of hybrid tomatoes under two different conditions: the first concerning different water tensions in the soil and the second concerning different salinity doses in irrigation. To this end, two models were developed based on an experiment carried out at São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agriculture, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil. Both models sought to estimate the values of biometric variables of the tomato crop. Thus, two models were developed: Model 1 regarded water tensions and days after sowing (DAS), while Model 2 featured salinity and DAS. Fuzzy models provided results that verified the effects of irrigation and salinity layers. Two Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems (FRBS), an input processor with two variables, a set of linguistic rules defined from statistical procedures with percentiles, the Mamdani fuzzy inference method, and the center of gravity method to defuzzification were elaborated for this purpose. The range between −25 and −10 kPa (for Model 1) and between 0.08 and 3 dS m−1 (for Model 2) provided the development within the ideal parameters for the complete development of the plant cycle. The use of fuzzy logic has shown effectiveness in evaluating the development of tomato crops, thus showing potential for use in agricultural sciences. Moreover, the created fuzzy models showed the same characteristics of the experiment, allowing their use as an automatic technique to estimate ideal parameters for the complete development of the plant cycle. The development of applications (software) that provide the results generated by the artificial intelligence models of the present study is the aim of future research. ABSTRACT handling quality absorption transport assimilation general tests However experimentation Currently sciences conditions end UNESP, UNESP , (UNESP) Agriculture Botucatu Brazil Thus DAS, DAS (DAS) layers RuleBased Rule Based FRBS, FRBS (FRBS) percentiles purpose 25 −2 10 −1 008 0 08 0.0 m1 m m− cycle crops Moreover software (software (UNESP (DAS (FRBS − 00 0.

ABSTRACT The use of tank mixtures has long been a practice in the phytosanitary management of agricultural crops. However, when different molecules are mixed in a tank, interactions may occur that reduce the efficiency of the products and cause a loss of selectivity in the crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate selectivity in maize, with a tank mixture of different phytosanitary products recommended for use with the crop. The following products were used: herbicides - Sanson®, Soberan®, Callisto®, Zapp Pro®; fungicides - Priori Xtra®, Nativo®, Tebufort®, Aproach Prima®; insecticides - Connect®, Lorsban® 480 BR, Karate Zeon®; and nutrition - Kellus Manganese®, Kellus Blindex®. The experimental units consisted of 5-litre pots, containing two plants per pot, with the products applied at phenological stage V6. Assessments were made of phytotoxicity, transient chlorophyll a fluorescence, chlorophyll content and shoot dry weight. The data obtained in the experiment were submitted to ANOVA (p ≤ 0.05), and when significant, to the Scott-Knott test (p ≤ 0.05). The maize crop suffered phytotoxicity of up to 30%, with the plants recovering from 28 DAA. The phytotoxicity was caused by mixing the different products in the spraying solution, mainly due to the synergism caused by the mixture of the herbicides nicosulfuron and tembotrione with the insecticide chlorpyrifos and the fertiliser Kellus Manganese®, which aggravated the incompatibility of some treatments. The results of this study defined which phytosanitary products recommended for use with maize should not be mixed in the same spraying solution due to the possibility of damaging the crop. crops However used Sanson Sanson® Soberan Soberan® Callisto Callisto® Pro® Pro Xtra Xtra® Nativo Nativo® Tebufort Tebufort® Prima® Prima Connect Connect® Lorsban 48 BR Zeon® Zeon Manganese Manganese® Blindex Blindex® 5litre litre 5 pots pot V6 V fluorescence weight p 0.05, 005 0.05 , 0 05 0.05) significant ScottKnott Scott Knott 0.05. . 30 30% 2 DAA treatments 4 00 0.0 3 0.

ABSTRACT The use of biochar in agriculture remains controversial due to the amounts applied and the small size of the particles which can cause respiratory problems when inhaled. With the aim of evaluating the effects of cattle manure biochar (CMB) on the chemical attributes of the soil and on plant growth and nutrition, a greenhouse experiment was conducted, with Urochloa brizantha ‘BRS Paiaguás’ grown in pots over five crop cycles, in weathered soil (Oxisol). CMB pellets, both enriched and not enriched with potassium phosphate (PK), were produced using cassava starch as the binder, in a ratio of 2:2:1 (biochar: PK fertiliser: binder) and 4:1 (biochar: binder), respectively. The CMB was produced at a pyrolysis temperature of 450 °C. The experimental design was completely randomised in a 2 x 2 x 2 + 1 factorial scheme, with five replications. The treatments were non-pelletised and pelletised CMB, with and without liming, and with and without PK, and an additional treatment with no fertiliser. The CMB improved the chemical properties of the soil, correcting acidity, increasing nutrient availability and improving the production of Urochloa brizantha ‘BRS Paiaguás’. The use of CMB enriched with phosphorus and potassium behaved as a slow-release organomineral fertiliser in Urochloa brizantha ‘BRS Paiaguás’. inhaled (CMB nutrition conducted BRS Paiaguás cycles Oxisol. Oxisol . (Oxisol) pellets , (PK) binder 221 2:2: (biochar 41 4 4: respectively 45 C °C scheme replications nonpelletised non liming acidity Paiaguás. slowrelease slow release (Oxisol (PK 22 2:2 2:

Abstract Background A cost of illness (COI) study aims to evaluate the socioeconomic burden that an illness imposes on society as a whole. This study aimed to describe the resources used, patterns of care, direct cost, and loss of productivity due to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Brazil. Methods This 12-month, cross-sectional, COI study of patients with SLE (ACR 1997 Classification Criteria) collected data using patient interviews (questionnaires) and medical records, covering: SLE profile, resources used, morbidities, quality of life (12-Item Short Form Survey, SF-12), and loss of productivity. Patients were excluded if they were retired or on sick leave for another illness. Direct resources included health-related (consultations, tests, medications, hospitalization) or non-health-related (transportation, home adaptation, expenditure on caregivers) hospital resources. Costs were calculated using the unit value of each resource and the quantity consumed. A gamma regression model explored cost predictors for patients with SLE. Results Overall, 300 patients with SLE were included (92.3% female, mean [standard deviation (SD)] disease duration 11.8 [7.9] years), of which 100 patients (33.3%) were on SLE-related sick leave and 46 patients (15.3%) had stopped schooling. Mean (SD) travel time from home to a care facility was 4.4 (12.6) hours. Antimalarials were the most commonly used drugs (222 [74.0%]). A negative correlation was observed between SF-12 physical component and SLE Disease Activity Index (- 0.117, p = 0.042), Systemic Lupus International CollaboratingClinics/AmericanCollegeofRheumatology Damage Index (- 0.115, p = 0.046), medications/day for multiple co-morbidities (- 0.272, p < 0.001), SLE-specific drugs/day (- 0.113, p = 0.051), and lost productivity (- 0.570, p < 0.001). For the mental component, a negative correlation was observed with medications/day for multiple co-morbidities (- 0.272, p < 0.001), SLE-specific medications/day (- 0.113, p = 0.051), and missed appointments (- 0.232, p < 0.001). Mean total SLE cost was US$3,123.53/patient/year (median [interquartile range (IQR)] US$1,618.51 [$678.66, $4,601.29]). Main expenditure was medication, with a median (IQR) cost of US$910.62 ($460, $4,033.51). Mycophenolate increased costs by 3.664 times (p < 0.001), and inflammatory monitoring (erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein) reduced expenditure by 0.381 times (p < 0.001). Conclusion These results allowed access to care patterns, the median cost for patients with SLE in Brazil, and the differences across regions driven by biological, social, and behavioral factors. The cost of SLE provides an updated setting to support the decision-making process across the country. (COI whole (SLE Brazil 12month, 12month month 12 month, 12-month crosssectional, crosssectional cross sectional, sectional cross-sectional ACR 199 Criteria questionnaires (questionnaires records covering profile morbidities 12Item Item Survey SF12, SF12 SF , SF-12) healthrelated health related consultations, consultations (consultations tests medications hospitalization nonhealthrelated non transportation, transportation (transportation adaptation caregivers consumed Overall 30 92.3% 923 92 3 (92.3 female standard SD 118 11 8 11. 7.9 79 7 9 [7.9 years, years years) 10 33.3% 333 33 (33.3% SLErelated 4 15.3% 153 15 (15.3% schooling (SD 44 4. 12.6 126 6 (12.6 hours 222 (22 74.0%. 740 74.0% . 74 0 [74.0%]) SF-1 ( 0117 117 0.117 0.042, 0042 0.042 042 0.042) CollaboratingClinicsAmericanCollegeofRheumatology CollaboratingClinics AmericanCollegeofRheumatology 0115 115 0.115 0.046, 0046 0.046 046 0.046) medicationsday day comorbidities co 0272 272 0.272 0.001, 0001 0.001 001 0.001) SLEspecific specific drugsday 0113 113 0.113 0.051, 0051 0.051 051 0.051) 0570 570 0.570 0.001. 0232 232 0.232 US312353patientyear USpatientyear US 123 53 year interquartile IQR US161851 1 618 51 US$1,618.5 $678.66, 67866 678 66 [$678.66 $4,601.29. 460129 $4,601.29 601 29 $4,601.29]) medication (IQR US91062 910 62 US$910.6 $460, 460 ($460 $4,033.51. 403351 $4,033.51 033 $4,033.51) 3664 664 3.66 erythrocyte Creactive C reactive protein 0381 381 0.38 biological social factors decisionmaking decision making country 19 SF1 92.3 (92. 7. [7. 33.3 (33.3 15.3 (15.3 12. (12. 22 (2 74.0 [74.0%] SF- 011 0.11 004 0.04 04 027 27 0.27 000 0.00 00 005 0.05 05 057 57 0.57 023 23 0.23 patientyear 5 US16185 61 US$1,618. $678.66 6786 67 [$678.6 46012 $4,601.2 60 2 $4,601.29] US9106 91 US$910. $460 ($46 40335 $4,033.5 03 366 3.6 038 38 0.3 92. (92 [7 33. (33. 15. (15. (12 74. [74.0% 01 0.1 0.0 02 0.2 0.5 US1618 US$1,618 $678.6 [$678. 4601 $4,601. US910 US$910 $46 ($4 4033 $4,033. 36 3. 0. (9 [ (33 (15 (1 [74.0 US161 US$1,61 $678. [$678 $4,601 US91 US$91 $4 ($ 403 $4,033 (3 [74. US16 US$1,6 $678 [$67 $4,60 US9 US$9 $ 40 $4,03 [74 US1 US$1, $67 [$6 $4,6 US$ $4,0 US$1 $6 [$ $4,

RESUMO Objetivo Estimar cobertura vacinal, atraso e perda de seguimento da vacina tríplice viral, em crianças até 24 meses residentes em cidades brasileiras. Método Inquérito domiciliar baseado em uma coorte retrospectiva de nascidos vivos em 2017-2018, que analisou cobertura e dados sociodemográficos das crianças e famílias, a partir dos registros da caderneta de vacinação e entrevista. Resultados A cobertura válida da primeira dose foi de 90,0% (IC95% 88,9;91,0), e da segunda, e 81,1% (IC95% 79,8;82,4). O atraso para ambas as doses foi de 23,2% (IC95% 21,9;24,5) e a perda de seguimento de 10,8% (IC95% 9,9;11,8). O estrato socioeconômico A apresentou menor cobertura e, à medida que a ordem de nascimento aumentava, menor era a cobertura para as duas doses. Crianças de mães com 13 a 15 anos de escolaridade apresentaram maior cobertura. Conclusão As coberturas não alcançaram a meta preconizada. Estratégias diferenciadas para dirimir dificuldade de acesso, desinformação e hesitação poderão melhorar a cobertura. vacinal viral 2 brasileiras 20172018, 20172018 2017 2018, 2018 2017-2018 famílias entrevista 900 90 0 90,0 IC95% IC95 IC (IC95 88,991,0, 889910 88,9 91,0 , 88 9 91 88,9;91,0) segunda 811 81 1 81,1 79,882,4. 798824 79,8 82,4 . 79 8 82 4 79,8;82,4) 232 23 23,2 21,924,5 219245 21,9 24,5 21 5 21,9;24,5 108 10 10,8 9,911,8. 99118 9,9 11,8 11 9,9;11,8) aumentava preconizada acesso 2017201 201 2017-201 90, IC9 (IC9 991 88,991,0 88991 889 88, 910 91, 88,9;91,0 81, 882 79,882,4 79882 798 79, 824 82, 7 79,8;82,4 23, 924 21,924, 21924 219 21, 245 24, 21,9;24, 10, 911 9,911,8 9911 99 9, 118 11, 9,9;11,8 201720 20 2017-20 (IC 88,991, 8899 88,9;91, 79,882, 7988 79,8;82, 92 21,924 2192 21,9;24 9,911, 9,9;11, 20172 2017-2 88,991 88,9;91 79,882 79,8;82 21,92 21,9;2 9,911 9,9;11 2017- 88,99 88,9;9 79,88 79,8;8 21,9; 9,91 9,9;1 88,9; 79,8; 9,9;

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate measles-mumps-rubella vaccination coverage, delay and loss to follow-up in children up to 24 months old living in Brazilian cities. Methods Surveys and questionnaires with a retrospective cohort of live births in 2017-2018, analyzing vaccination coverage and sociodemographic data of children and families, based on vaccination card records and interviews. Results Valid coverage of first dose was 90.0% (95%CI 88.9;91.0) and 81.1% for the second dose (95%CI 79.8;82.4). Delay for both doses was 23.2% (95%CI 21.9;24.5) and loss to follow-up was 10.8% (95%CI 9.9;11.8). Socioeconomic stratum A had the lowest vaccination coverage and the higher the child’s birth order, the lower the vaccination coverage for the second dose. Children whose mothers had 13 to 15 years of education had higher vaccination coverage. Conclusion Coverage did not meet the recommended target. Differentiated strategies to resolve difficulties in access, misinformation, and vaccination hesitancy will help improve vaccination coverage. measlesmumpsrubella measles mumps rubella followup follow 2 cities 20172018, 20172018 2017 2018, 2018 2017-2018 families interviews 900 90 0 90.0 95%CI 95CI CI 95 88.991.0 889910 88.9 91.0 88 9 91 88.9;91.0 811 81 1 81.1 79.882.4. 798824 79.8 82.4 . 79 8 82 4 79.8;82.4) 232 23 23.2 21.924.5 219245 21.9 24.5 21 5 21.9;24.5 108 10 10.8 9.911.8. 99118 9.9 11.8 11 9.9;11.8) childs child s order target access misinformation 2017201 201 2017-201 90. 991 88.991. 88991 889 88. 910 91. 88.9;91. 81. 882 79.882.4 79882 798 79. 824 82. 7 79.8;82.4 23. 924 21.924. 21924 219 21. 245 24. 21.9;24. 10. 911 9.911.8 9911 99 9. 118 11. 9.9;11.8 201720 20 2017-20 88.991 8899 88.9;91 79.882. 7988 79.8;82. 92 21.924 2192 21.9;24 9.911. 9.9;11. 20172 2017-2 88.99 88.9;9 79.882 79.8;82 21.92 21.9;2 9.911 9.9;11 2017- 88.9; 79.88 79.8;8 21.9; 9.91 9.9;1 79.8; 9.9;

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Resumo Antecedentes Encefalites autoimunes (EAIs) são um grupo de doenças inflamatórias caracterizadas pela presença de anticorpos contra antígenos neuronais e gliais, que ocasionam sintomas psiquiátricos subagudos, queixas de memória e distúrbios anormais do movimento. A maioria dos pacientes é jovem, e o atraso no tratamento está associado a pior prognóstico. Objetivo Com o apoio da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia (ABN) e da Sociedade Brasileira de Neurologia Infantil (SBNI), desenvolvemos um consenso sobre o diagnóstico e o tratamento da EAIs no Brasil utilizando a metodologia Delphi. Métodos Um total de 25 especialistas, incluindo neurologistas e neurologistas infantis, foram convidados a participar. Resultados Os especialistas concordaram que os pacientes com critérios de possíveis EAIs devem ser submetidos ao rastreio de anticorpos antineuronais no soro e no líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) por meio das técnicas de ensaio baseado em tecidos (tissue-based assay, TBA, em inglês) e ensaio baseado em células (cell-based assay, CBA, em inglês). As crianças também devem ser submetidas ao rastreio de de anticorpo contra a glicoproteína da mielina de oligodendrócitos (anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, anti-MOG, em inglês). O tratamento deve ser iniciado dentro das primeiras 4 semanas dos sintomas, sendo as opções de primeira linha metilprednisolona combinada com imunoglobulina intravenosa (IGIV) ou plasmaférese. O tratamento de segunda linha inclui rituximabe e ciclofosfamida. Bortezomib e tocilizumab são opções de tratamento de terceira linha. A maioria das crises epilépticas nas EAIs são sintomáticas, e os fármacos anticrise podem ser desmamadas após a fase aguda. Em relação à encefalite antirreceptor de N-metil-D-aspartato (anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, anti-NMDAR, em inglês), os especialistas concordaram que agentes imunossupressores orais não devem ser usados. Os pacientes devem ser avaliados na fase aguda e pós-aguda mediante escalas funcionais e cognitivas, como Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Modified Rankin Scale (mRS), e Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis (CASE). Conclusão Esta pesquisa oferece evidências tangíveis do manejo efetivo de pacientes com EAIs no sistema de saúde Brasileiro. (EAIs gliais subagudos movimento jovem prognóstico ABN (ABN SBNI, SBNI , (SBNI) Delphi 2 infantis participar LCR (LCR tissuebased tissue based assay TBA inglês cellbased cell CBA inglês. . antimyelin anti myelin glycoprotein antiMOG, antiMOG MOG, MOG anti-MOG IGIV (IGIV plasmaférese ciclofosfamida sintomáticas NmetilDaspartato N metil D aspartato antiNmethylDaspartate methyl aspartate receptor antiNMDAR, antiNMDAR NMDAR, NMDAR anti-NMDAR inglês, usados pósaguda pós cognitivas MiniMental Mini Mental MMSE, MMSE (MMSE) MoCA, MoCA (MoCA) mRS, mRS (mRS) CASE. CASE (CASE) Brasileiro (SBNI (MMSE (MoCA (mRS (CASE

Abstract Background Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a group of inflammatory diseases characterized by the presence of antibodies against neuronal and glial antigens, leading to subacute psychiatric symptoms, memory complaints, and movement disorders. The patients are predominantly young, and delays in treatment are associated with worse prognosis. Objective With the support of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (Academia Brasileira de Neurologia, ABN) and the Brazilian Society of Child Neurology (Sociedade Brasileira de Neurologia Infantil, SBNI), a consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of AIE in Brazil was developed using the Delphi method. Methods A total of 25 panelists, including adult and child neurologists, participated in the study. Results The panelists agreed that patients fulfilling criteria for possible AIE should be screened for antineuronal antibodies in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using the tissue-based assay (TBA) and cell-based assay (CBA) techniques. Children should also be screened for anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glucoprotein antibodies (anti-MOG). Treatment should be started within the first 4 weeks of symptoms. The first-line option is methylprednisolone plus intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or plasmapheresis, the second-line includes rituximab and/or cyclophosphamide, while third-line treatment options are bortezomib and tocilizumab. Most seizures in AIE are symptomatic, and antiseizure medications may be weaned after the acute stage. In anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis, the panelists have agreed that oral immunosuppressant agents should not be used. Patients should be evaluated at the acute and postacute stages using functional and cognitive scales, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and the Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis (CASE). Conclusion The present study provides tangible evidence for the effective management of AIE patients within the Brazilian healthcare system. (AIE antigens symptoms complaints disorders young prognosis Academia ABN Sociedade Infantil SBNI, SBNI , SBNI) method 2 neurologists CSF (CSF tissuebased tissue based TBA (TBA cellbased cell CBA (CBA techniques antimyelin anti myelin antiMOG. antiMOG MOG . (anti-MOG) firstline line IVIG (IVIG plasmapheresis secondline second andor cyclophosphamide thirdline third tocilizumab symptomatic stage antiNmethylDaspartate N methyl D aspartate antiNMDAR NMDAR (anti-NMDAR used scales MiniMental Mini Mental MMSE, MMSE (MMSE) MoCA, MoCA (MoCA) mRS, mRS (mRS) CASE. CASE (CASE) system (anti-MOG (MMSE (MoCA (mRS (CASE

RESUMO: O manejo da adubação do feijão-guandu pode melhorar a qualidade do solo e o aproveitamento do N pelas plantas. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a atividade biológica do solo cultivado com feijão guandu (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.) com diferentes manejos de adubação. Empregou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com três repetições e arranjo fatorial 3x5 (genótipos x fertilização e manejo de inoculação). Na fase de florescimento pleno procedeu-se a coleta da planta, para determinação da massa seca da parte aérea e do solo em 0-20 cm, para avaliações da nodulação; carbono orgânico total; nitrogênio total; carbono e nitrogênio da biomassa microbiana; relação C/N; atividade enzimática de β-glucosidase e urease. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste Tukey (P ≤ 0,05). Foi construída uma matriz de correlações de Pearson, a similaridade entre os tratamentos foi avaliada pela distância de Mahalanobis e o agrupamento pelo método de pares não ponderados com média aritmética (UPGMA). Ambos genótipos experimentais (BRS03 e BRS04) apresentaram comportamento semelhante para nodulação e padrão de matéria seca da parte aérea semelhantes em relação aos tratamentos com adubação. A aplicação de N mineral e inoculação incrementou o N total do solo, favorecendo a mineralização deste nutriente. Durante as fases de testes, os genótipos obtiveram elevação nos teores de carbono microbiano e quociente microbiano, indicando melhoria da qualidade do solo. A combinação de adubação e inoculação aumentou a atividade das enzimas β-glicosidase e urease. A matiz de correlação demonstrou elevada associação entre N total e relação C/N. A formação dos grupos pelo UPGMA foi obtida em função da inoculação, evidenciando seu efeito sobre as variáveis biológicas do solo. RESUMO feijãoguandu plantas Assim objetivouse objetivou se Cajanus L (L Millsp. Millsp Empregouse Empregou casualizados 3x inoculação. . inoculação) procedeuse procedeu planta 020 0 20 0-2 cm microbiana C/N CN C βglucosidase β glucosidase urease P 0,05. 005 0,05 05 0,05) Pearson UPGMA. (UPGMA) BRS03 BRS (BRS0 BRS04 nutriente testes βglicosidase glicosidase 02 2 0- 00 0,0 (UPGMA BRS0 (BRS 0,

ABSTRACT: Fertilization management of pigeon peas can increase soil quality and the N utilization by plants. Therefore, we evaluated the biological activity of soil cultivated with pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.) under different fertilization treatments. A randomized block design was used with three replicates and a 3×5 factorial arrangement (genotype×fertilization and inoculation management). At full flowering stage, the plants were collected and shoot dry matter was evaluated. Soil was sampled at 0-20 cm for various analysis viz. nodulation assessment; soil organic carbon; total nitrogen; carbon and nitrogen from microbial biomass; C/N ratio; β-glucosidase and urease enzymatic activity. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (P ≤ 0.05). A Pearson correlation matrix was constructed, and the similarity between treatments was evaluated using the Mahalanobis distance and grouping was done using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA). Both the experimental genotypes (BRS03 and BRS04) showed similar nodulation and shoot dry matter pattern with respect to fertilizer treatments. Furthermore, the microbial inoculation promoted a higher shoot dry matter content in all the genotypes. The application of mineral N and inoculation increased the total N content in the soil, favoring the mineralization of this nutrient. During the testing phase, the genotypes exhibited an increase in microbial carbon and microbial quotient levels, indicating an improvement in soil quality. The combination of fertilization and inoculation increased the enzymatic activity of β-glucosidase and urease. The correlation matrix showed a strong association between N total and C/N ratio. The formation of groups by UPGMA was observed as a function of inoculation, demonstrating its effect on soil biological variables. ABSTRACT Therefore Cajanus L (L Millsp. Millsp 35 3 5 3× genotype×fertilization genotypefertilization genotype management. . management) stage 020 0 20 0-2 viz assessment biomass CN C ratio βglucosidase β glucosidase Tukeys Tukey s P 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) constructed UPGMA. (UPGMA) BRS03 BRS (BRS0 BRS04 Furthermore nutrient phase levels variables 02 2 0- 00 0.0 (UPGMA BRS0 (BRS 0.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar os fatores preditivos associados ao atraso de consolidação em 6 meses e à não união em 12 meses em fraturas da diáfise da tíbia tratadas com haste intramedular (HIM). Métodos: O estudo longitudinal retrospectivo de coorte incluiu 218 pacientes, que apresentaram fraturas da díafise da tíbia e receberam HIM entre janeiro de 2015 e março de 2022. Os desfechos principais pesquisados foram atraso de consolidação em 6 meses de acompanhamento, e não união em 12 meses. Coletou-se dados de uma variedade de fatores de risco. Utilizou-se análise de regressão logística bivariada para explorar os fatores preditivos de atraso de consolidação e não união. Resultados: Aos 6 meses, a incidência de atraso de consolidação foi de 28,9%. Os preditores de atraso de consolidação incluem cobertura de retalho, trauma de alta energia, fraturas expostas, uso de fixação externa como tratamento estagiado, porcentagem de contato cortical em fraturas simples, escore RUST e infecção pós-operatória. Após 12 meses, a taxa de não união foi de 15,6%, com fatores preditivos sendo necessidade de cobertura por retalho, lesão vascular, trauma de alta energia, fraturas expostas, uso de fixação externa como tratamento estagiado, porcentagem de contato cortical em fraturas simples e infecção pós-operatória. Nível de Evidência III; Estudo Longitudinal Retrospectivo. Objetivo 1 HIM. . (HIM) Métodos 21 pacientes 201 2022 acompanhamento Coletouse Coletou se risco Utilizouse Utilizou Resultados 289 28 9 28,9% retalho energia expostas estagiado pósoperatória. pósoperatória pós operatória. operatória pós-operatória 156 15 15,6% vascular III Retrospectivo (HIM 2 20 202 28,9 15,6 28, 15,

ABSTRACT Objective: Identify the predictors associated with delayed union at 6 months and non-union at 12 months in tibial shaft fractures treated with intramedullary nailing (IMN). Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study included a cohort of 218 patients who sustained tibial shaft fractures and received IMN between January 2015 and March 2022. We gathered data on a range of risk factors, including patient demographics, trauma intensity, associated injuries, fracture characteristics, soft tissue injuries, comorbidities, addictions, and treatment-specific factors. We employed logistic bivariate regression analysis to explore the factors predictive of delayed union and non-union. Results: At the 6-month follow-up, the incidence of delayed union was 28.9%. Predictors for delayed union included flap coverage, high-energy trauma, open fractures, the use of external fixation as a staged treatment, the percentage of cortical contact in simple type fractures, RUST score, and postoperative infection. After 12 months, the non-union rate was 15.6%. Conclusion: the main predictors for non-union after IMN of tibial shaft fractures are related to the trauma energy. Furthermore, the initial treatment involving external fixation and postoperative infection also correlated with non-union. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective Longitudinal Study. Objective nonunion non 1 IMN. . (IMN) Methods 21 201 2022 demographics intensity injuries characteristics comorbidities addictions treatmentspecific specific nonunion. union. Results 6month month followup, followup follow up, up follow-up 289 28 9 28.9% coverage highenergy high energy score 156 15 15.6% Conclusion Furthermore III Study (IMN 2 20 202 28.9 15.6 28. 15.

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever a situação vacinal contra poliomielite em 26 capitais, Distrito Federal e 12 municípios do Brasil, em crianças nascidas em 2017 e 2018. Métodos Inquérito domiciliar de base populacional realizado de 2020 a 2022, em que se avaliou a cobertura vacinal da poliomielite em crianças, considerando doses válidas, aplicadas e oportunas por municípios. Resultados Foram coletados dados de 37.801 crianças. A cobertura vacinal de esquema completo de doses válidas foi de 87,5% (IC95% 86,2;88,7), caindo para 79,6% (IC95% 78,1;81,0), considerando a dose de reforço. A taxa de abandono foi de 4,5% para esquema completo, e de 11,7% no primeiro reforço. Não houve correlação entre a realização de campanha e as elevadas coberturas. Conclusão A cobertura vacinal de esquema completo e no primeiro reforço não atingiu a meta de 95,0%. Diferenças regionais e a associação das coberturas vacinais com indicadores sociais devem ser consideradas nas estratégias de aumento da cobertura. 2 capitais 1 Brasil 201 2018 202 2022 37801 37 801 37.80 875 87 5 87,5 IC95% IC95 IC (IC95 86,288,7, 862887 86,2 88,7 , 86 88 7 86,2;88,7) 796 79 6 79,6 78,181,0, 781810 78,1 81,0 78 81 0 78,1;81,0) 45 4 4,5 117 11 11,7 950 95 95,0% 20 3780 3 80 37.8 8 87, IC9 (IC9 288 86,288,7 86288 862 86, 887 88, 86,2;88,7 79, 181 78,181,0 78181 781 78, 810 81, 78,1;81,0 4, 11, 9 95,0 378 37. (IC 28 86,288, 8628 86,2;88, 18 78,181, 7818 78,1;81, 95, 86,288 86,2;88 78,181 78,1;81 86,28 86,2;8 78,18 78,1;8 86,2; 78,1;

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the polio vaccination status in 26 state capitals, the Federal District, and 12 municipalities in Brazil, among children born between 2017 and 2018. Methods This was a population-based household survey conducted from 2020 to 2022, which assessed polio vaccination coverage in children, considering valid, administered, and timely doses by municipality. Results Data were collected from 37,801 children. Vaccination coverage for the complete valid dose schedule was 87.5% (95%CI 86.2;88.7), dropping to 79.6% (95%CI 78.1;81.0), when the booster dose was considered. The dropout rate was 4.5% for the complete schedule, and 11.7% for the first booster. There was no correlation between campaign implementation and high coverage. Conclusion Vaccination coverage for the complete valid dose schedule and the first booster did not meet the 95.0% target. Regional disparities and the association between vaccination coverage and social indicators should be taken into consideration in strategies to increase coverage. 2 capitals District 1 Brazil 201 2018 populationbased population based 202 2022 administered municipality 37801 37 801 37,80 875 87 5 87.5 95%CI 95CI CI 95 86.288.7, 862887 86.2 88.7 , 86 88 7 86.2;88.7) 796 79 6 79.6 78.181.0, 781810 78.1 81.0 78 81 0 78.1;81.0) considered 45 4 4.5 117 11 11.7 950 95.0 target 20 3780 3 80 37,8 8 87. 9 288 86.288.7 86288 862 86. 887 88. 86.2;88.7 79. 181 78.181.0 78181 781 78. 810 81. 78.1;81.0 4. 11. 95. 378 37, 28 86.288. 8628 86.2;88. 18 78.181. 7818 78.1;81. 86.288 86.2;88 78.181 78.1;81 86.28 86.2;8 78.18 78.1;8 86.2; 78.1;

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ABSTRACT Agrosilvopastoral systems have been used as sustainable production models that can promote soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. However, there are no simulation studies with the Century model to estimate the SOC accumulation capacity in the long term, analyzing the effects of management and climate change in integrated crop-livestock-forest (ICLF) systems. This study aimed to simulate soil C dynamics in two chronosequences of land-use composed of native vegetation (NV), degraded pasture (DPA) and ICLF system in the Cerrado of Minas Gerais, in addition to designing future scenarios to verify the potential of SOC accumulation through climate change. The results showed that the Century model reliably simulated the SOC stocks in the two chronosequences evaluated. The model predicted an increase in SOC stocks at two sites by converting the DPA system (46.04 and 42.38 Mg ha-1) into ICLF systems (54.94 and 51.71 Mg ha-1). The Century also predicted that a 20 mm decrease in rainfall and a 2 °C increase in temperature in the tropical regions studied could reduce the SOC stocks more expressively in degraded pastures, while agroforestry systems could show a smaller reduction in SOC stocks. In addition, the results showed that replacing degraded pastures into agrosilvopastoral systems, especially in clayey soils, contributes to increasing SOC stocks. Thus, agroforestry systems are potentially viable to maintain the sustainability of agriculture in the face of climate change. (SOC storage However term croplivestockforest crop livestock forest (ICLF landuse land use NV, NV , (NV) (DPA Gerais evaluated 46.04 4604 46 04 (46.0 4238 42 38 42.3 ha1 ha 1 ha-1 54.94 5494 54 94 (54.9 5171 51 71 51.7 ha1. . soils Thus (NV 46.0 460 4 0 (46. 423 3 42. ha- 54.9 549 5 9 (54. 517 7 51. 46. (46 54. (54 (4 (5 (