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1.
Resilience as a Modulating Factor of Empathy in Medical Students
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Acosta-Martínez, Adán A.
; Sandoval, Mildred A.
; Monterroza, Leida G.
; Reyes-Reyes, Fernando
; Reyes-Reyes, Alejandro
; Vilca, Lindsey W.
; Narváez, Víctor P. Díaz
.
RESUMEN Introducción: La empatía es un atributo complejo y multidimensional. Se han realizado intentos para explicar el comportamiento empático basado en otras variables. La evidencia empírica muestra que la empatía podría ser el producto de la influencia de varios factores. Uno de estos factores podría ser la resiliencia. Aún no existe una teoría desarrollada y evidencia empírica consistente que demuestre que la empatía depende de la resiliencia. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es determinar si la resiliencia puede predecir el comportamiento empático. Metodología: Este estudio es no experimental y ex post facto con un diseño transversal. Variables. Dependiente: Empatía; Independiente: Resiliencia. Población: Estudiantes de medicina pertenecientes a la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Santa Ana (UNASA), Santa Ana, El Salvador (N=579). La muestra (n=465) consistió en estudiantes (ambos sexos). Muestreo por conveniencia. Escala de Empatía de Jefferson para Profesionales de la Salud, versión estudiantil (JSE-HPS). Escala de Resiliencia de Rasgo (EEA). Se utilizó un modelo de Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales (SEM). Además, se emplearon el Índice de Ajuste Comparativo (CFI) (>0.95), Índice de Tucker-Lewis (TLI) (>0.95), Error Cuadrático Medio de Aproximación (RMSEA) (<0.08) y Error Cuadrático Medio Estandarizado (SRMR) (<0.08), Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (CFA). El nivel de significancia empleado fue α < 0.05. Resultados: Estos resultados muestran que ambos modelos de medición (empatía y resiliencia) están adecuadamente representados y son adecuados para el modelo estructural. Discusión: Los resultados constituyen evidencia empírica indirecta de que es posible definir la empatía como una variable dependiente y la resiliencia como una variable independiente.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Empathy is a complex and multidimensional attribute. Attempts have been made to explain empathic behavior based on other variables. Empirical evidence shows that empathy could be the product of the influence of several factors. One of these factors could be resilience. There is still no developed theory and consistent empirical evidence demonstrating that empathy depends on resilience. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine if resilience can predict empathic behavior. Methodology: This study is non-experimental and ex post facto with a cross-sectional design. Variables. Dependent: Empathy; Independent: Resilience. Population: Medical students belonging to the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Universidad Autónoma de Santa Ana (UNASA), Santa Ana, El Salvador (N=579). The sample (n=465) consisted of students (both sexes). Convenience sampling. Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Healthcare Professionals, student version (JSE-HPS). Trait Resilience Scale (EEA). A Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) model was used. Additionally, the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) (>0.95), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) (>0.95), Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) (<0.08), and Standardized Root Mean Square (SRMR) (<0.08), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were employed. The significance level employed was α < 0.05. Results: All these results show that both measurement models (empathy and resilience) are adequately represented and are suitable for the structural model. Discussion: Individual resilience is a variable that can predict empathic behavior in medical students belonging to a Faculty of Health Sciences. The results constitute indirect empirical evidence that it is possible to define empathy as a dependent variable and resilience as an independent variable.
2.
Caracterización fenotípica de germoplasma elite de frijol para resistencia al tizón común
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Hernández-Cruz, Fátima Adriana
; Cruz-Izquierdo, Serafín
; Corona-Torres, Tarsicio
; Sandoval-Islas, José Sergio
.
Resumen El tizón común es una de las enfermedades más importantes en el cultivo de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris) en México y a nivel mundial. Esta enfermedad es causada por las bacterias fitopatógenas Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli y X. fuscans subsp. fuscans. En el presente estudio se evaluaron 23 poblaciones de frijol (Phaseolus spp.) con diferente origen genético para conocer su respuesta a la enfermedad evaluando el área bajo la curva del progreso de la enfermedad (ABCPE) final de cada una. Se establecieron dos experimentos, en el primero se evaluó la resistencia a las cepas por separado en las variedades Flor de Mayo y Negro Bola; en el segundo experimento se realizó una mezcla de las cepas y se infiltraron en combinación en los 23 genotipos para analizar el ABCPE final. La severidad se evaluó seis veces cada cinco días en todos los ensayos realizados. Los resultados mostraron que la resistencia de la variedad Flor de Mayo a ambas cepas es más estable pero menor que la presentada por la variedad Negro Bola, y que el aislamiento de X. fuscans subsp. fuscans, sin importar el ambiente, fue estadísticamente más agresivo que el de X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli; así mismo, se determinó que el genotipo Mixteco-1 fue el que tuvo una mayor ABCPE, mientras que los genotipos Ejotero (Phaseolus vulgaris L), Tepari (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) y Ayocote morado (Phaseolus coccineus L.) mostraron las menores ABCPE. Conjuntamente se encontraron variaciones de los genotipos dentro y entre los ambientes. Debido a que estos genotipos son de diferente origen genético, se propone piramidar los genes de resistencia que poseen, al planear hibridación en programas de mejoramiento genético y lograr una resistencia horizontal duradera.
Summary Common blight is one of the most important diseases in bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Mexico and worldwide. This disease is caused by the phytopathogenic bacteria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli and X. fuscans subsp. fuscans. In this study 23 bean (Phaseolus spp.) populations with different genetic origin were evaluated to know their response to the disease by evaluating the final area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) of each one. Two experiments were established, in the first one, resistance to the strains was evaluated separately in the varieties Flor de Mayo and Negro Bola. In the second experiment the strains were mixed and infiltrated in combination into the 23 genotypes to analyze the final AUDPC. The severity was evaluated six times every five days in all the trials carried out. Results showed that the resistance of the Flor de Mayo variety to both strains is more stable but lower than that of Negro Bola variety and that the isolated of X. fuscans subsp. fuscans, regardless of the environment, was statistically more aggressive than that of X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli; likewise, it was determined that the genotype Mixteco-1 had the highest AUDPC, while the genotypes Ejotero (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Tepari (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) and Ayocote morado (Phaseolus coccineus L.) showed the lowest AUDPC, Jointly, variations of genotypes were found within and between environments. Because these genotypes are of different genetic origin, it is proposed to pyramide the resistance genes they possess, by planning hybridization in breeding programs and achieving long-lasting horizontal resistance.
3.
Modelo educativo en b-learning: caso práctico Centro Universitario UAEM Valle de Teotihuacán
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RIDE. Revista Iberoamericana para la Investigación y el Desarrollo Educativo
- Journal Metrics
Abstract The research focuses on implementing a b-learning educational model in the bachelor’s degree in accounting at the Centro Universitario UAEM Valle de Teotihuacan (CUVT). The revolution in information and communication technologies has transformed higher education, demanding greater innovation in face-to-face, blended and distance education models, to take full advantage of these technologies. The b-learning model, based on teaching-learning through the Internet with synchronous and asynchronous interactions, is considered a valuable alternative to maintain continuity in didactic interaction, despite the physical separation between teachers and students. It is a case study, which qualitatively evaluates the ability to use digital tools integrated in a b-learning model, through an action research methodological design, data will be collected through on-site observations, the application of surveys to determine the willingness and interest of students and teachers for the use of these platforms. Although there are studies on b-learning in several educational centers, it has not been investigated in the Accounting educational program. It highlights the importance of this research to explore and better understand how to implement and take advantage of the b-learning model in this educational context.
Resumen El modelo b-learning, el cual se basa en la enseñanza-aprendizaje a través de Internet con interacciones síncronas y asíncronas, es considerado como una alternativa valiosa para mantener la continuidad en la interacción didáctica, a pesar de la separación física entre docentes y alumnos. En tal sentido, esta investigación se enfoca en la implementación de un modelo educativo b-learning en la licenciatura en Contaduría del Centro Universitario UAEM Valle de Teotihuacán (CUVT). En concreto, se ha diseñado un estudio de caso para evaluar cualitativamente la capacidad de utilizar herramientas digitales integradas en un modelo b-learning mediante un diseño metodológico de investigación acción. En tal sentido, se recopilaron datos a través de observaciones in situ y la aplicación de encuestas para determinar la disposición e interés de los estudiantes y docentes por el uso de estas plataformas. En conclusión, se puede indicar que si bien existen estudios sobre el b-learning en varios centros educativos, no se ha investigado en el programa educativo de Contaduría, por lo cual se destaca la importancia de esta investigación para explorar y comprender mejor cómo implementar y aprovechar dicho modelo en ese contexto educativo.
Resumo O modelo b-learning, que se baseia no ensino-aprendizagem através da Internet com interações síncronas e assíncronas, é considerado uma alternativa valiosa para manter a continuidade na interação didática, apesar da separação física entre professores e alunos. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa centra-se na implementação de um modelo educacional b-learning na licenciatura em Contabilidade do Centro Universitário Valle de Teotihuacán (CUVT) da UAEM. Especificamente, foi desenhado um estudo de caso para avaliar qualitativamente a capacidade de utilização de ferramentas digitais integradas num modelo de b-learning através de um desenho metodológico de investigação-ação. Neste sentido, os dados foram recolhidos através de observações in loco e da aplicação de inquéritos para determinar a vontade e interesse de alunos e professores na utilização destas plataformas. Concluindo, pode-se indicar que embora existam estudos sobre b-learning em diversos centros educacionais, ele não foi investigado no programa educacional de Contabilidade, razão pela qual se destaca a importância desta pesquisa para explorar e compreender melhor como implementar e aproveitar esse modelo nesse contexto educacional.
4.
El uso del prompt de ChatGPT como asistente en la educación
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Sandoval Hernández, Mario. A.
; Morales Alarcón, Griselda J.
; Vázquez Leal, Héctor
; Huerta Chua, Jesús
; Filobello Niño, Uriel A.
.
RIDE. Revista Iberoamericana para la Investigación y el Desarrollo Educativo
- Journal Metrics
Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a revolutionary technology that has transformed many aspects of our daily lives, and education is no exception. This research aims to propose a syntax along with a detailed description of the command prompt that users must provide to ChatGPT to carry out different academic activities, using numerous examples. With this purpose in mind, ChatGPT has been designated as a teaching assistance tool due to its close association with different programming languages like C and Python. Furthermore, concrete examples are presented to demonstrate the practical application of these commands, which are elaborated upon in detail to minimize the margin of error in the obtained results. Regarding the programs provided by ChatGPT alongside the examples, a verification of their proper functionality has been conducted to ensure the accurate representation of the concepts required in each academic activity.
Resumen La inteligencia artificial (IA) ha emergido como una tecnología revolucionaria que ha transformado muchos aspectos de nuestra vida diaria, incluso de la educación. Por ello, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo proponer una sintaxis de aplicación detallada del prompt y de los comandos que se deben proporcionar a ChatGPT para la realización de diferentes actividades académicas. Para este fin, se ha concebido a ChatGPT como una herramienta de asistencia en la educación, ya que se encuentra estrechamente vinculada con distintos lenguajes de programación, como lo son C y Python. Además, se presentan ejemplos concretos que muestran la aplicación de estos comandos, los cuales han sido explicados de manera minuciosa para disminuir el margen de error en los resultados obtenidos. En relación con los programas que ChatGPT ha proporcionado junto con los ejemplos, se ha realizado una verificación de su correcto funcionamiento para asegurar la adecuada representación de los conceptos requeridos en cada actividad académica.
Resumo A inteligência artificial (IA) emergiu como uma tecnologia revolucionária que transformou muitos aspectos da nossa vida quotidiana, incluindo a educação. Portanto, o objetivo desta pesquisa é propor uma sintaxe de aplicação detalhada do prompt e dos comandos que devem ser fornecidos ao ChatGPT para a realização de diferentes atividades acadêmicas. Para tanto, o ChatGPT foi concebido como uma ferramenta de assistência educacional, pois está intimamente ligado a diversas linguagens de programação, como C e Python. Além disso, são apresentados exemplos específicos que mostram a aplicação destes comandos, os quais foram explicados detalhadamente para reduzir a margem de erro nos resultados obtidos. Em relação aos programas que o ChatGPT disponibiliza juntamente com os exemplos, foi realizada uma verificação do seu correto funcionamento para garantir a representação adequada dos conceitos exigidos em cada atividade acadêmica.
5.
Bibliometric and multicriteria analysis for selection of amendments potentiators of compost from municipal biowaste
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Sandoval, Victor A. L.
; Corredor, Johan S. T.
; Rincón, Sahra N. R.
; Montañez-Medina, Kimberly P.
.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
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RESUMO Os biorresíduos municipais têm um elevado potencial para utilização agrícola. No entanto, requer uma alteração adicional para aumentar o conteúdo nutricional utilizado durante o processo de compostagem. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a seleção de aditivos melhoradores de compostagem a partir de resíduos biológicos municipais, utilizando análise bibliométrica e multicritério. O município de Yopal (Casanare, Colômbia) foi escolhido como estudo de caso. Utilizando uma equação de busca nas bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science ao longo de cinco anos (2018-2022), foram descobertas 53 publicações, das quais 25 foram escolhidas para uma revisão completa para identificar alternativas de alteração. Cinzas, cascas de arroz, serragem, bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, podas de árvores e feno de alfafa foram testados como substitutos de emendas. Critérios como custo financeiro, acessibilidade para aquisição do aditivo, aporte de nitrogênio, fósforo e carbono foram utilizados na análise dos processos hierárquicos. A poda de árvores foi a melhor opção pelos critérios escolhidos por ser de fácil acesso e contribuir com carbono e nitrogênio (C/N: 13) para a compostagem. Fatores como custo e acessibilidade influenciam as características físicas e químicas que uma alteração traz para a compostagem de biorresíduos municipais. agrícola entanto multicritério Casanare, Casanare (Casanare Colômbia caso 20182022, 20182022 2018 2022 , (2018-2022) 5 publicações 2 Cinzas arroz serragem canadeaçúcar, canadeaçúcar cana açúcar, açúcar cana-de-açúcar emendas financeiro aditivo hierárquicos C/N CN C N (C/N 13 2018202 201 202 (2018-2022 1 201820 20 (2018-202 20182 (2018-20 (2018-2 (2018- (2018 (201 (20 (2 (
ABSTRACT Municipal biowaste has a high potential for agricultural use. However, it requires an additional amendment to increase the nutritional content used during the composting process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the selection of compost-enhancing amendments from municipal biowaste using bibliometric and multicriteria analysis. The municipality of Yopal (Casanare, Colombia) was chosen as a case study. Using a search equation in the Scopus and Web of Science databases over five years (2018-2022), 53 publications were discovered, from which 25 were chosen for a full review to identify alternatives for amendment. Ashes, rice husks, sawdust, sugarcane bagasse, tree pruning waste, and alfalfa hay were assessed as amendment substitutes. Criteria such as financial cost, accessibility to acquire the amendment, nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon contribution were used in the analysis of hierarchical processes. Tree pruning waste was the best option based on the criteria chosen because it is easily accessible and contributes with carbon and nitrogen (C/N: 13) to composting. Factors such as cost and affordability influence the physical and chemical characteristics that an amendment brings to the composting of municipal biowaste. use However process compostenhancing compost enhancing Casanare, Casanare (Casanare Colombia 20182022, 20182022 2018 2022 , (2018-2022) 5 discovered 2 Ashes husks sawdust bagasse substitutes phosphorus processes C/N CN C N (C/N 13 2018202 201 202 (2018-2022 1 201820 20 (2018-202 20182 (2018-20 (2018-2 (2018- (2018 (201 (20 (2 (
6.
Cestrum parqui poisoning in cattle in Northwestern Argentina: report of 10 outbreaks
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Ruiz, Á.F.
; Medina, D.M.
; Colque-Caro, L.A
; Avellaneda-Cáceres, A.
; Aguirre, L.S.
; Sandoval, G.V.
; Micheloud, J.F.
.
Resumen Cestrum parqui es una planta perenne, conocida por su toxicidad en rumiantes. En este artículo, se describen varios brotes de intoxicación natural y de diversas fuentes por C. parqui que han afectado al ganado de distintos sistemas de producción, con tasas de morbilidad que varían entre 2,7% y 25%. Los signos clínicos observados fueron: temblores en los miembros posteriores, decúbito y muerte. Se observó congestión, hepatomegalia, y aspecto reticulado del parénquima. Los hallazgos histopatológicos revelaron principalmente signos de necrosis hemorrágica hepatocelular centrolobulillar.
Abstract Cestrum parqui is a perennial plant known for its toxicity in ruminants. This work describes several outbreaks of natural intoxication with C. parqui from different sources, affecting cattle in different production systems, with morbidity rates varying from 2,7% and 25%. Clinical signs included tremors in the hindquarters, recumbency, and death. The liver showed swelling, congestion, and a mottled appearance. Histopathological findings consisted mainly of hemorrhagic centrilobular hepatocellular necrosis.
7.
Insecticide resistance of Stegomyia aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) population from Paranaguá a port city in southern Brazil Diptera (Diptera Culicidae
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Schuartz, Valeria
; Palacio-Cortés, Angela M.
; Grassi, Marco T.
; Acero-Sandoval, Mario A.
; Navarro-Silva, Mario A.
.
ABSTRACT Stegomyia aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) vectors arboviruses of public health concern in urban areas of tropical countries, so it is necessary to reduce its population. Among the control methods used, chemically synthesized molecules have been widely employed, nonetheless, the over usage of the same mechanism of action can result in the resistance selection. Considering the influence of insect resistance with the success of chemical control of vectors, this study aims to assess the susceptibility to organophosphorus of a population of S. aegypti from Paranaguá (Paraná, Brazil), after intense use of malathion during a dengue outbreak. World Health Organization susceptibility tests and expression of Acetylcholinesterase ace-1, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase CYP6N12, and α-esterases CCEae3A genes were evaluated. The mortality rate of wild females (66.5%) indicated their resistance status, furthermore, a new discriminant concentration was detected in this population (3.41%). Exclusively CYP6N12 gene was overexpressed in malathion-resistant females indicating its possible contribution to the transformation of this insecticide. Constant monitoring of insecticide resistance of current and past molecules, mainly in port areas where there is a large flow of species, is crucial for effective use of insecticide in vector control programs. Linnaeus, Linnaeus (Linnaeus 1762 countries used employed nonetheless selection S Paraná, Paraná (Paraná Brazil, Brazil , Brazil) outbreak ace1, ace1 ace 1, 1 ace-1 P P45 CYPN CYP N αesterases α esterases CCEaeA CCEae A evaluated 66.5% 665 66 5 (66.5% status furthermore 3.41%. 341 3.41% . 3 41 (3.41%) CYP6N1 malathionresistant resistant species programs 176 ace- P4 66.5 6 (66.5 34 3.41 4 (3.41% CYP6N 17 66. (66. 3.4 (3.41 (66 3. (3.4 (6 (3. ( (3
8.
Comparación de índices de vegetación basados en imágenes satelitales para la identificación de bosques de manglar en Colombia
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Abstract. The use of mangrove-specific vegetation indices (VI) expands the possibility of improving practical mangrove detection. The objective of this study is to compare seven mangrove-specific VIs derived from satellite images to determine their agreement with mangrove classification using the WorldCover 2020 dataset at two mangrove sites in the Colombian Pacific. Four Sentinel-2 images were used, and through oceanographic data, their tidal state was validated in order to show if tidal changes affect mangrove detection. The images were processed in BOA reflectance, the VIs were calculated, and their accuracy was evaluated to identify mangrove/non-mangrove. Then, mangrove points were identified on the WorldCover dataset for 2020 to determine the accuracy of each VI. The average mangrove spectral signature for each tidal state (between 0.23 and 0.25 reflectance units) was identified, and descriptive statistics were determined for each VI. It was observed that the NDMI and MMRI obtained presented a considerable agreement in Chocó for the low tide and an acceptable agreement in Nariño for the high tide, and their spatial extent and the difference in their extent were mapped. The results demonstrate the performance of specific VIs for mangroves in Colombia as a practical alternative for rapid mapping of their extent that contributes to the integrated management of the ecosystem.
Resumen. El uso de índices de vegetación (IV) específicos para manglares amplían la posibilidad de mejorar la detección práctica de manglares. Este estudio tiene como objetivo realizar una comparación de siete IV específicos para manglares, derivados de imágenes satélite, para determinar su concordancia frente a la clasificación de manglares usando el conjunto de datos WorldCover 2020 en dos sitios con manglares en el Pacífico colombiano. Se utilizaron cuatro imágenes Sentinel-2 y, a través de datos oceanográficos, se validó su estado mareal con el fin de evidenciar si cambios mareales afectan la detección del manglar. Las imágenes fueron trabajadas en reflectancia BOA, los IV se calcularon y se evaluó su precisión para identificar manglar/no manglar, y seguidamente, se hizo una identificación de puntos de manglar sobre el dataset WorldCover del año 2020 para determinar la exactitud de cada IV. Se identificó la firma espectral promedio del manglar para cada estado mareal (entre 0.23 y 0.25 unidades de reflectancia) y se determinaron las estadísticas descriptivas para cada IV. Se observó que el NDMI y el MMRI obtenido presentó una concordancia considerable en Chocó para la bajamar y una concordancia aceptable en Nariño para la pleamar, además, se mapeo su extensión espacial y la diferencia en su extensión. Los resultados demuestran el rendimiento de los IV específicos para manglares en Colombia como una alternativa práctica para rápidos mapeos de su extensión que contribuya a la gestión integral del ecosistema.
9.
Coleoptera of Brazil: what we knew then and what we know now. Insights from the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil Brazil now
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Caron, Edilson
; Monné, Marcela L.
; Ferreira, Vinicius S.
; Costa, Cleide
; Cupello, Mario
; Aloquio, Sergio
; Linzmeier, Adelita M.
; Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z.
; Leivas, Fernando W.T.
; Souza-Gonçalves, Igor
; Mermudes, José R.M.
; Almeida, Lúcia M.
; Moura, Luciano de A.
; Ferreira Júnior, Nelson
; Grossi, Paschoal C.
; Vanin, Sergio A.
; Ślipiński, Adam
; Anichtchenko, Alexander
; Newton, Alfred F.
; Sampaio, Aline
; Carelli, Allan
; Puker, Anderson
; Ferreira, André da S.
; Fernandes, André S.
; Roza, André S.
; Cline, Andrew
; Sampaio, Brunno H.L.
; Clarkson, Bruno
; Castro, Camila F. de
; Bicho, Carla de L.
; Benetti, César J.
; Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S.
; Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano
; Manfio, Daiara
; Colpani, Daniara
; Basílio, Daniel S.
; Bená, Daniela de C.
; Pollock, Darren A.
; Souza, Diego de S.
; Rodrigues, Diego F.
; Chandler, Donald S.
; Nascimento, Elynton A. do
; Spiessberger, Erich L.
; Agrain, Federico A.
; Barbosa, Felipe F.
; Shockley, Floyd
; Nascimento, Francisco E. de L.
; Biffi, Gabriel
; Powell, Gareth S.
; Morse, Geoffrey E.
; Flores, Gustavo E.
; Escalona, Hermes
; Quintino, Hingrid Y.S.
; Rainho, Hugo L.
; Maddalena, Italo S.C.P.
; Hájek, Jiří
; McHugh, Joseph V.
; Botero, Juan P.
; Fuhrmann, Juares
; Churata-Salcedo, Julissa M.
; Vieira, Letícia M.
; Silveira, Luiz F.L. da
; Cruz, Luiza S. da
; Sekerka, Lukás
; Bologna, Marco A.
; Bevilaqua, Marcus V.O.
; Passos, Maria I.
; Chamorro, Maria L.
; Cherman, Mariana A.
; Bento, Matheus
; Gimmel, Matthew
; Segura, Melissa O.
; Ivie, Michael A.
; Thomas, Michael C.
; Monné, Miguel A.
; Lord, Nathan
; Hamada, Neusa
; Degallier, Nicolas
; Santos, Paula B. dos
; Duarte, Paulo R.M.
; Gnaspini, Pedro
; Bulirsch, Petr
; Regalin, Renato
; Leschen, Richard A.B.
; Constantin, Robert
; Corrêa, Rodrigo C.
; Gerstmeier, Roland
; Rosa, Simone P.
; Campos, Stéphanie V.N.
; Peck, Stewart B.
; Pacheco, Thaynara L.
; Polizei, Thiago T.S.
; McElrath, Thomas C.
; Grzymala, Traci L.
; Smith, Trevor R.
; Costa-Silva, Vinicius da
; Sandoval-Gómez, Vivian E.
; Sousa, Wesley O. de
; Tomaszewska, Wioletta
.
ABSTRACT In 2000, Cleide Costa published a paper presenting the state of knowledge of the Neotropical Coleopte ra, with a focus on the Brazilian fauna. Twenty-four years later, thanks to the development of the Coleoptera section of the Taxonomic Catalog of the Brazilian Fauna (CTFB - Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil) through the collaboration of 100 coleopterists from all over the globe, we can build on Costa’s work and present an updated overview of the state of knowledge of the beetles from Brazil. There are currently 35,699 species in 4,958 genera and 116 families known to occur in the country, including representatives of all extant suborders and superfamilies. Our data show that the Brazilian beetle fauna is the richest on the planet, concentrating 9% of the world species diversity, with some estimates accounting to up to 15% of the global total. The most diverse family in numbers of genera is Cerambycidae (1,056 genera), while in number of species it is Chrysomelidae (6,079 species). Conotrachelus Dejean, 1835 (Curculionidae) is the most species-rich genus, with 570 species. The French entomologist Maurice Pic is the author who has contributed the most to the naming of species recorded from Brazil, with 1,794 valid names in 36 families, whereas the Brazilians Ubirajara R. Martins and Maria Helena M. Galileo are the only ones among the top-ten authors to have named species in the 21st century. Currently, approximately 144 new species of Brazilian beetles are described each year, and this average is projected to increase in the next decade to 180 species per year, or about one new Brazilian beetle every two days. 2000 ra Twentyfour Twenty four later CTFB Brasil 10 globe Costas s Brazil 35699 35 699 35,69 4958 4 958 4,95 11 country superfamilies planet 9 diversity 15 total 1,056 1056 1 056 (1,05 genera, , genera) 6,079 6079 6 079 (6,07 . species) Dejean 183 Curculionidae (Curculionidae speciesrich rich genus 57 1794 794 1,79 3 R M topten top ten st century Currently 14 year 18 days 200 3569 69 35,6 495 95 4,9 1,05 105 05 (1,0 6,07 607 07 (6,0 5 179 79 1,7 20 356 35, 49 4, 1,0 0 (1, 6,0 60 (6, 17 7 1, 2 (1 6, (6 (
10.
Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: Setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil Brasil
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Boeger, Walter A.
; Valim, Michel P.
; Zaher, Hussam
; Rafael, José A.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Percequillo, Alexandre R.
; Serejo, Cristiana S.
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; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly
; Rocha, Rosana M. da
; Tidon, Rosana
; Brito, Rosangela
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; Oliveira, Sarah S. de
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; Santos, Sonia B. dos
; Andrade, Sonia C.S.
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; Vaz, Stéphanie
; Peck, Stewart B.
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; Polizei, Thiago T.S.
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; Costa-Silva, Vinicius da
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; Padula, Vinícius
; Ferreira, Vinicius S.
; Silva, Vitor C.P. da
; Piacentini, Vítor de Q.
; Sandoval-Gómez, Vivian E.
; Trevine, Vivian
; Sousa, Viviane R.
; Sant’Anna, Vivianne B. de
; Mathis, Wayne N.
; Souza, Wesley de O.
; Colombo, Wesley D.
; Tomaszewska, Wioletta
; Wosiacki, Wolmar B.
; Ovando, Ximena M.C.
; Leite, Yuri L.R.
.
ABSTRACT The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others. publications problem uptodate up date classifications context exception (CTFB http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br/, httpfaunajbrjgovbr http //fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ , jbrj gov br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/) 2015 Brazil 80 specialists 1 2024 133691 133 691 133,69 125138 125 138 125,13 82.3%, 823 82 3 (82.3% 102000 102 000 102,00 7.69%, 769 7 69 (7.69% 11000 11 11,00 . 3,567 3567 567 (3,56 2,292 2292 2 292 (2,29 1,833 1833 833 (1,83 1,447 1447 447 (1,44 1000 1,00 831 (83 628 (62 606 (60 520 (52 50 users science health biology law anthropology education others http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ faunajbrjgovbr //fauna.jbrj.gov.br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ 201 8 202 13369 13 133,6 12513 12 125,1 82.3% (82.3 10200 10 00 102,0 7.69% 76 6 (7.69 1100 11,0 3,56 356 56 (3,5 2,29 229 29 (2,2 1,83 183 83 (1,8 1,44 144 44 (1,4 100 1,0 (8 62 (6 60 52 (5 5 http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br 20 1336 133, 1251 125, 82.3 (82. 1020 0 102, 7.69 (7.6 110 11, 3,5 35 (3, 2,2 22 (2, 1,8 18 (1, 1,4 14 4 ( 82. (82 7.6 (7. 3, (3 2, (2 (1 7. (7
11.
Maternal stress during pregnancy alters circulating small extracellular vesicles and enhances their targeting to the placenta and fetus
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Sánchez-Rubio, Mario
; Abarzúa-Catalán, Lorena
; Valle, Ana del
; Méndez-Ruette, Maxs
; Salazar, Natalia
; Sigala, Jacinta
; Sandoval, Soledad
; Godoy, María Inés
; Luarte, Alejandro
; Monteiro, Lara J.
; Romero, Roberto
; Choolani, Mahesh A.
; Wyneken, Úrsula
; Illanes, Sebastián E.
; Bátiz, Luis Federico
.
Abstract Background Maternal psychological distress during pregnancy can negatively impact fetal development, resulting in long-lasting consequences for the offspring. These effects show a sex bias. The mechanisms whereby prenatal stress induces functional and/or structural changes in the placental-fetal unit remain poorly understood. Maternal circulating small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are good candidates to act as “stress signals” in mother-to-fetus communication. Using a repetitive restraint-based rat model of prenatal stress, we examined circulating maternal sEVs under stress conditions and tested whether they could target placental-fetal tissues. Results Our mild chronic maternal stress during pregnancy paradigm induced anhedonic-like behavior in pregnant dams and led to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), particularly in male fetuses and placentas. The concentration and cargo of maternal circulating sEVs changed under stress conditions. Specifically, there was a significant reduction in neuron-enriched proteins and a significant increase in astrocyte-enriched proteins in blood-borne sEVs from stressed dams. To study the effect of repetitive restraint stress on the biodistribution of maternal circulating sEVs in the fetoplacental unit, sEVs from pregnant dams exposed to stress or control protocol were labeled with DiR fluorescent die and injected into pregnant females previously exposed to control or stress protocol. Remarkably, maternal circulating sEVs target placental/fetal tissues and, under stress conditions, fetal tissues are more receptive to sEVs. Conclusion Our results suggest that maternal circulating sEVs can act as novel mediators/modulators of mother-to-fetus stress communication. Further studies are needed to identify placental/fetal cellular targets of maternal sEVs and characterize their contribution to stress-induced sex-specific placental and fetal changes.
12.
Intracranial hemorrhage outcomes in the Latin American Stroke Registry
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Serrano, Fabiola
; Barboza, Miguel A.
; Ameriso, Sebastian F.
; Pujol-Lereis, Virginia
; Flores, Alan
; Bayona, Hernan
; Fernández, Huberth
; Castillo, Alejandro
; Ecos, Rosa
; Vazquez, Jorge
; Amaya, Pablo
; Ruiz, Angélica
; López, Minerva
; Zapata, Carlos
; Roa, Luis
; Marquez-Romero, Juan M.
; Ochoa, Marco A.
; Morelos, Eugenia
; León, Carolina
; Romero, Felipe
; Ruiz-Sandoval, Jose L.
; Reyes, Abraham
; Arauz, Antonio
.
Abstract Background: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) carries a significant morbidity and mortality burden; however, there is scarce information in Latin American. Objective: To analyze the functional prognosis and mortality rates among participants in the Latin American Stroke Registry (LASE). Methods: Eighteen centers across Latin American compiled data on demographics, vascular risk factors, clinical stroke description, ancillary tests, and functional outcomes in hospital stay of patients included from January 2012 to January 2017. All these variables were analyzed based on functional outcome at hospital discharge. Results: We included 495 patients with ICH, representing 10.3% of all collected stroke subtypes in LASE. The median in-hospital stay was 9 days (interquartile range, 1-30); 285 (57.6%) were male (median age, 62 years) and 210 female (median age, 65 years). A poor functional outcome (modified Rankin scale, 3-6) was observed in 214 (43.2%) patients, with 62.5% of women (p < 0.009). Mortality was documented in 12.5% of ICH patients. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves presented difference in mortality, with higher frequency in patients > 80 years (HR 1.89, 95%CI 1.07-3.35, p = 0.028), with GCS < 8 (HR 0.19, 95%CI 0.11-0.33, p = < 0.001), ventricular irruption (HR 1.88, 95%CI 1.09-3.24, p = 0.0282), and hematoma volume > 30 cc (HR 2.36, 95%CI 1.17 - 4.77, p = 0.016). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates a poor functional prognosis in 43.2% of ICH patients, with the risk factors for higher mortality being age over 80 years, higher GCS values, and ventricular irruption in the LASE. Our collaborative study contributes substantial insight into the factors influencing ICH occurrence, prognosis, and outcomes in Latin America.
Resumen Introducción: La Hemorragia Intracraneal (ICH) conlleva una importante carga de morbilidad y mortalidad; sin embargo, existe escasa información en Latinoamérica. Objetivo: Analizar el pronóstico funcional y las tasas de mortalidad entre los participantes del Registro Latinoamericano de Enfermedad Vascular Cerebral (LASE). Métodos: Dieciocho centros de toda Latinoamérica recopilaron datos demográficos, factores de riesgo vascular, descripción clínica, pruebas auxiliares y resultados funcionales en la estancia hospitalaria de los pacientes incluidos entre enero de 2012 y enero de 2017. Todas estas variables se analizaron en función del resultado funcional al alta hospitalaria. Resultados: Se incluyeron 495 pacientes con ICH, que representan el 10.3% de todos los subtipos de enfermedad vascular cerebral en LASE. La mediana de estancia hospitalaria fue de 9 dias (rango intercuartil, 1-30); 285 (57.6%) fueron hombres (mediana de edad, 62 años) and 210 mujeres (mediana de edad, 65 años). Un mal resultado funcional (Escala modificada de Rankin, 3-6) fue observado en 214 (43.2%) pacientes, con un 62.5% de mujeres (p < 0.009). Se documento mortalidad en 12.5% de los pacientes con ICH. Las curvas de supervivencia de Kaplan-Meier presentaron diferencias en la mortalidad, con mayor frecuencia en pacientes > 80 años (HR 1.89, 95% IC 1.07-3.35, p = 0.028), con GCS < 8 (HR 0.19, 95% IC 0.11-0.33, p = < 0.001), irrupción ventricular (HR 1.88, 95% IC 1.09-3.24, p = 0.0282), y volumen del hematoma > 30 cc (HR 2.36, 95% IC 1.17-4.77, p = 0.016). Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio demuestra un mal pronóstico funcional en 43.2% de los pacientes con ICH, siendo los factores de riesgo de mayor mortalidad la edad mayor de 80 años, los valores más bajos de GCS y la irrupción ventricular en el LASE. Nuestro estudio colaborativo aporta información sustancial sobre los factores que influyen en la aparición, el pronóstico y los resultados de la ICH en Latinoamérica.
13.
Retinitis secundaria a criptococosis diseminada
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14.
A study of conversational agent solution technologies for banana farmer assistance
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Calvo-Valverde, Luis-Alexander
; Rojas-Salazar, Kevin
; Hidalgo-Rodríguez, Jose Fabio
; Mora, Versalio
; Sandoval, Jorge A.
; Bolaños-Céspedes, Erick
; Quirós, Carlos
.
Abstract Modern agricultural extension services help as a source of information for farmer queries. One of its applications are local hot lines where expert agents in specific crops or fields assist in farmer agricultural practices and decisions. As an already established technology in the field of customer services, conversational agents can help this solution by covering for experts when users have difficulties contacting them. These artificial agents can answer general queries at any hour, increasing the extension service accessibility. The creation of a contextualized solution is possible with the advancements of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and its accessibility in cloud services. We write this paper to collect state-of-the-art research on agricultural conversational agents and tools used for its design and deployment. General knowledge on current applications is gather and can later be used to help in the design of a localized solution when agricultural services are difficult to access. Lastly, we describe and analyze a chatbot prototype in the specific field of banana farming using IBM Watson services and the messaging platform Telegram App.
15.
Colorization of Monochrome Hyperspectral Images
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Vázquez-Castrejón, Martín. A.
; Palillero-Sandoval, Omar
; Escobedo-Alatorre, J Jesús
; Márquez-Aguilar, Pedro A.
; Marbán-Salgado, José A.
; Zavala-De Paz, Jonny P.
; Zamudio-Lara, Álvaro
; Antúnez-Cerón, E. Eduardo
; Castillo-Velásquez, Francisco A.
; Rodriguez-Donate, Carlos
.
Abstract: Hyperspectral images have been used for several years, since the information they provide is very useful in many areas of science. The present work focuses on the visualization of hyperspectral images of the visible range in the RGB color space. The images were obtained using a hyperspectral imaging system (HIS) that was built in the laboratory and a monochrome image sensor was used to capture the images. The visualization process was achieved by means of an algorithm programmed in MATLAB for the coloration of the monochrome images and the comparison of the colored images with images captured in the same wavelengths with an RGB sensor was carried out.
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