Resumo Introdução: Com o surgimento da pandemia de COVID-19, foram adotadas várias medidas não farmacológicas para prevenir e controlar a transmissão do SARS-CoV-2. Objetivo: Comparar os internamentos pediátricos por infeção respiratória (IR) antes e depois do aparecimento do SARS-CoV-2. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospetivo dos internamentos por IR no Serviço de Pediatria de um hospital terciário entre abril de 2018 e março de 2021. Foram incluídos todos os episódios de internamento pediátrico ([0-17[ anos) com um tempo de internamento >24 horas e código de infeção respiratória do ICD-10. Os dados foram extraídos dos registos clínicos eletrónicos. Os primeiros 2 anos foram considerados ‘anos não-COVID-19’ (ano[A]1 e A2), e entre abril de 2020 e março de 2021 foi considerado o ‘ano COVID-19’ (A3). Resultados: Foi registado um total de 783 internamentos durante o período considerado. Houve uma redução significativa na incidência de vírus respiratórios no A3 em comparação com o A1 e A2 (-67% do A2 para A3; p<0,001), com uma redução na proporção de casos de bronquiolite (-42% do A2 para A3; p<0,001) e um aumento na proporção de casos de pneumonia (+124% do A2 para A3; p<0,001). Houve uma redução na incidência de vírus respiratórios do A2 para o A3 (76,6% e 56,4%, respetivamente; p<0,001), principalmente devido ao vírus sincicial respiratório (VSR; 46,8% no A2 e 2,0% no A3; p<0,001). Por outro lado, houve um aumento significativo na incidência de rinovírus do A2 para o A3 (15,3% no A2 e 22,8% no A3; p<0,001) e o SARS-CoV-2 foi identificado em 31,7% dos casos no A3. Foram ainda realizadas mais tomografias computadorizadas de tórax (5,6% vs. 10,9%; p<0,001) e utilizados mais corticoides sistémicos (26,3% vs. 40,6%; p= 0,023) do A2 para o A3. Conclusões: As medidas populacionais não farmacológicas implementadas durante a pandemia de COVID-19 associaram-se a uma redução dos internamentos pediátricos por IR, sobretudo por VSR.

Abstract Introduction: With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, several non-pharmacological measures were adopted to prevent and control the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Objective: To compare pediatric hospitalizations for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) before and after the emergence of SARS-CoV-2. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study of admissions for ARIs in the pediatric ward of a tertiary hospital between April 2018 and March 2021. Inclusion criteria comprised: hospitalization of pediatric patients ([0-17[ years); length of stay >24 hours; and a respiratory infection diagnosis code from ICD-10. Data were collected using electronic clinical records. The first two years were considered ‘non-COVID-19 years’ (year[Y]1 and Y2), while the period between April 2020 and March 2021 was considered the ‘COVID-19 year’ (Y3). Results: A total of 783 hospitalizations were included in the analysis. There was a significant decrease in ARIs admissions in Y3 compared to Y1 and 2 (-67% from Y2 to Y3; p<0.001), with a decrease in the proportion of bronchiolitis cases (-42% from Y2 to Y3; p<0.001) and an increase in pneumonia cases (+124% from Y2 to Y3; p<0.001). There was a significant decrease in the incidence of respiratory viruses from Y2 to Y3 (76.6% vs. 56.4%; p<0.001), mainly driven by a decrease in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV; 46.8% in Y2 vs. 2.0% in Y3; p<0.001). Conversely, there was a significant increase in the incidence of rhinovirus from Y2 to Y3 (15.3% vs. 22.8%; p<0.001), and SARS-CoV-2 was identified in 31.7% of cases in Y3. More chest computed tomography scans were performed (5.6% vs. 10.9%; p<0.001) and more systemic steroids were used (26.3% vs. 40.6%; p=0.023) from Y2 to Y3. Conclusions: Population-based non-pharmacological measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with a reduction in pediatric hospitalizations for ARIs. The decrease in ARIs due to RSV is particularly noteworthy in this pandemic context.

Abstract Invisible illnesses, which are not outwardly visible, encompass mental, cognitive, and physical conditions that impair daily activities. Promoting self-management for patients living with these chronic conditions has been the central aim of healthcare systems around the world. Through an analysis of medical consultations with student patients at a university healthcare facility in Chile, we propose a framework that identifies the themes, sub-themes, and indexes that embody the identity work of expert patients with invisible chronic health conditions. The study explores the complexity of the resources and doctor-patient alignments used to perform patient expertise in natural interactions and the key role of experiential knowledge in the self-diagnosis and the management of invisible illnesses.

Resumen Las discapacidades invisibles, que no son evidentes a simple vista, abarcan condiciones mentales, cognitivas y físicas que dificultan las actividades diarias. Promover la autogestión de estas enfermedades crónicas ha sido el objetivo central de los sistemas sanitarios de todo el mundo. Analizando las consultas médicas con estudiantes que son pacientes en un centro de salud universitario en Chile, proponemos un marco que identifica los temas, subtemas e índices que encarnan el trabajo identitario de pacientes expertos con enfermedades crónicas invisibles. El artículo explora la complejidad de los recursos y las alineaciones médico-paciente que se utilizan para construir la experiencia del paciente en interacciones naturales y el papel central del conocimiento experiencial en el autodiagnóstico y el manejo de enfermedades invisibles.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Suicide and suicidal behaviors (SC) are a complex and multidetermined phenomenon in which different genetic, environmental and individual factors interact. The objective of this study was to carry out a review of the genetic factors associated with suicidal behavior described in the literature of the last 10 years. Methods: A search was made of all available articles, both review articles, case reports and management guidelines under the descriptors in health sciences (DeCS) Suicidal behavior, suicide, depression, exome, genetic markers, genetic variation, human genome, serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, computational biology in the databases of Google scholar, LILACS, PubMed and ClinicalKe, official websites such as those of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of Colombia were consulted. Development: Genetic studies of CS have been trying for decades to find the "suicide gene", in order to prematurely identify those people with a higher risk of making suicide attempts and prevent them from becoming victims; however, these studies failed to find a gene or group of genes that differentiated between suicidal and nonsuicidal subjects. This type of technology gave rise to genome-wide association studies (GWAS), with which some authors wanted to demonstrate the differences in the genome of patients with suicidal ideas. Conclusions: Knowledge of the genetic factors involved may lead to the possibility of identifying individuals with a higher risk of developing suicidal behavior, thus having better tools and receiving a more mechanistic vision to explore the underlying intermolecular network and prevent deaths from it. cause.

RESUMEN Introducción: El suicidio y las conductas suicidas (CS) son un fenómeno complejo y multideterminado en el que interactúan diferentes factores genéticos, ambientales e individuales. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión de los factores genéticos asociados a la conducta suicida descritos en la literatura de los últimos 10 años. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda de todos los artículos disponibles tanto artículos de revisión, como reportes de caso y guías de manejo bajo los descriptores en ciencias de la salud (DeCS) Conducta suicida, suicidio, depresión, exoma, marcadores genéticos, variación genética, genoma humano, serotonina, norepinefrina, dopamina, biología computacional en las bases de Google scholar, LILACS, PubMed y ClinicalKe, se consultaron sitios web oficiales como los de Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social de Colombia. Desarrollo: Los estudios genéticos de las CS, llevan décadas intentando encontrar el “gen del suicidio”, con el fin de identificar de manera prematura aquellas personas con mayor riesgo de realizar intentos suicidas y prevenir que se conviertan en víctimas; sin embargo, estos estudios fallaron en encontrar un gen o grupo de éstos que diferenciara entre sujetos suicidas y no suicidas. A este tipo de tecnología surgieron los estudios de asociación del genoma completo (GWAS), con los cuales algunos autores quisieron demostrar las diferencias del genoma de pacientes con ideas suicidas. Conclusión: El conocimiento de los factores genéticos implicados puede llevar a que sea posible identificar los individuos con mayor riesgo de desarrollar comportamiento suicida, de esta forma tener mejores herramientas y recibir una visión más mecanicista para explorar la red intermolecular subyacente y prevenir las muertes por esta causa.

Resumen Introducción: Los niños infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) tienen mayor riesgo de presentar infecciones, incluyendo hepatitis por virus A (VHA). La vacuna inactivada contra el VHA es inmunógena en el huésped inmunocompetente. No hay estudios suficientes sobre el tiempo de seroprotección en niños infectados por el VIH. Método: Estudio de cohorte, analítico. Se incluyeron niños con infección por VIH-1 que recibieron la vacuna inactivada contra el VHA (dos dosis). Se les tomaron muestras sanguíneas para medición de anticuerpos, una 28 días después de la segunda dosis y otra 7 años después del esquema de vacunación. Se obtuvo información de carga viral, categoría inmunológica, peso y talla, y respuesta al tratamiento antirretroviral desde el diagnóstico hasta la última valoración. Resultados: Se incluyeron 19 pacientes con una edad media de 12.6 años (± 2.29). El 58% fueron del sexo masculino. El 80% de los pacientes presentaron anticuerpos immunoglobulin G (IgG) contra el VHA protectores a los 7 años de la vacunación. La concentración de anticuerpos se encontró entre 13 y 80 mUI/ml (mediana: 80 mUI/ml). El 52% mostraron algún grado de inmunosupresión. No existe relación estadísticamente significativa entre la presencia de seroprotección y la carga viral, la falla al tratamiento, la categoría inmunológica ni la desnutrición. Doce pacientes presentaron falla al tratamiento antirretroviral; en el 33% de ellos los anticuerpos no ofrecían seroprotección satisfactoria. Conclusiones: A 7 años posvacunación, el 80% de los niños con VIH mantienen títulos de seroprotección frente al VHA.

Abstract Background: HIV-infected children have a higher risk of presenting infections, including the hepatitis A virus (HAV). The inactivated HAV vaccine is immunogenic in immunocompetent hosts; however, there are insufficient studies on the duration of seroprotection in HIV-infected children. Methods: An analytical cohort study was conducted. HIV-1-infected children who received the inactivated HAV vaccine (2 doses) were included. Blood samples were taken for antibody measurement, the first one 28 days after the second dose and another 7 years after the vaccination schedule. Information on viral load, immunological category, weight, height, and response to antiretroviral treatment from diagnosis to the last assessment was obtained. Results: 19 patients were included, with a mean age of 12.6 years (SD ± 2.29). 58% were male. 80% of the patients presented protective immunoglobulin G antibodies against HAV 7-year post-vaccination. The antibody concentration was found to be between 13 and 80 mIU/mL (median of 80 mIU/mL). 52% showed some degree of immunosuppression. There was no statistically significant relationship between the presence of seroprotection and viral load, treatment failure, immunological category, and malnutrition. Twelve patients presented with antiretroviral treatment failure, and in 33% of them, the antibodies did not offer satisfactory seroprotection. Conclusion: 7-year post-vaccination, 80% of HIV-infected children maintain seroprotection titers against HAV.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Prenatal control involves specific actions that a professional health team offers to the pregnant woman. One of these actions falls on the process of healthy eating, which can lead to better health indicators for the pregnant woman. Objective: To assess the effect of prenatal control on healthy eating in pregnant women. Methods: Quasi-experimental quantitative research. 41 pregnant women are studied, classified into two independent homogeneous groups (control group: n=20 and experimental group: n=21), all with normal weight in their third week of gestation. The experimental group underwent periodic medical visits for systematic prenatal control, which included general recommendations, with emphasis on nutritional ones. Results: The group not subjected to systematic prenatal control had variations in body weight. Of the 20 mothers studied, 50% suffered notable variations in their weight. The Friedman test showed significant differences (p=0.020) in the control group, and not significant in the experimental group (p=0.472), while the Wilcoxon test also showed differences in the control group (p=0.011) and no differences in the experimental one (p=0.317) when comparing the initial test with the final one. Conclusions: The advantages of a systematic process of prenatal control at home are evidenced, for which the medical team can personalize the recommendations and treatments directly related to the maintenance, decrease and percentage increase of the body mass index.

RESUMEN Introducción: El control prenatal implica acciones específicas que un equipo profesional de salud ofrece a la embarazada. Una de esas acciones recae sobre el proceso de alimentación saludable, la cual puede derivar en mejores indicadores de salud de la gestante. Objetivo: Valorar los efectos de un control prenatal en la alimentación saludable de mujeres gestantes. Métodos: Investigación cuasiexperimental de orden cuantitativa. Se estudian 41 mujeres embarazadas, clasificadas en dos grupos independientes homogéneos (grupo control: n = 20 y grupo experimental: n = 21), todas con normopeso en su tercera semana de gestación. El grupo experimental fue intervenido con visitas médicas periódicas para el control sistemático prenatal, que incluyen recomendaciones generales, con énfasis en las de tipo nutricional. Resultados: El grupo no sometido a control prenatal sistemático tuvo variaciones en el peso corporal. De las 20 madres estudiadas, el 50 % sufrió variaciones notables en su peso. La prueba de Friedman evidenció diferencias significativas (p = 0,020) en el grupo de control, y no significativas en el grupo experimental (p = 0,472), mientras que la prueba de Wilcoxon presentó igualmente diferencias en el grupo control (p = 0,011) y sin diferencias en el experimental (p = 0,317), al comparar la prueba inicial con la final. Conclusiones: Se evidencian las ventajas de un proceso sistemático de control prenatal en el hogar, para lo cual el equipo médico puede personalizar las recomendaciones y tratamientos directamente relacionados con el mantenimiento, la disminución e incremento porcentual del índice de masa corporal.

Abstract Objective Compare the number of puerperal women submitted to blood transfusion before and after the implementation of a care protocol for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) with multidisciplinary team training. Methods Cross-sectional study in a university hospital, analyzing births from 2015 to 2019, compared the use of blood products before and after the adoption of a PPH protocol with multidisciplinary training. Results Between 2015 and 2019, there were 17,731 births, with 299 (1.7%) postpartum women receiving blood products and 278 postpartum women were considered for this analysis, 128 (0.7%) at Time 1 and 150 (0.8%) at Time 2. After the multiprofessional team training (T2), there was a difference in the complete use of the PPH protocol (use of oxytocin, misoprostol and tranexamic acid) (T1 = 5.1% x T2 = 49.5%, p≤0.0001). An individual categorized analysis revealed that, in the T2 period, there was lower use of blood component units per patient compared to T1 (Mann-Whitney, p=0.006). It should be noted that at T1 and T2, 54% and 24% respectively received two units of blood products. It is important to highlight that after the multidisciplinary team training for the PPH protocol, the goal of zero maternal death due to hemorrhage was reached. Conclusion The adoption of a specific protocol for PPH, combined with the training of a multidisciplinary team, had an impact on the ability to identify women at high risk of hemorrhage, resulting in a decrease in the use of blood components. (PPH Crosssectional Cross sectional hospital 201 2019 17731 17 731 17,73 29 1.7% 7 (1.7% 27 12 0.7% 07 0 (0.7% 15 0.8% 08 8 (0.8% 2 T , (T2) oxytocin acid (T 51 5 5.1 495 49 49.5% p≤0.0001. p00001 p p≤0.0001 . 0001 p≤0.0001) period MannWhitney, MannWhitney Mann Whitney, Whitney (Mann-Whitney p=0.006. p0006 p=0.006 006 p=0.006) 54 24 reached components 20 1773 73 17,7 1.7 (1.7 0.7 (0.7 0.8 (0.8 (T2 5. 4 49.5 p0000 p≤0.000 000 p000 p=0.00 00 177 17, 1. (1. 0. (0. 49. p≤0.00 p00 p=0.0 (1 (0 p≤0.0 p0 p=0. ( p≤0. p=0 p≤0 p= p≤

Abstract Objective: To know the relationship that exists between Emotional Intelligence and Stressful Life Events in Older Adults. Materials and Methods: Correlational descriptive study, in 95 participants from Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico. A Personal Data Record, the MetaMood Scale and the Stress Inventory in the Life of Older Adults were applied. Results: 64.2% of the participants were females, the events that the elderly experienced the most in the last year were the presence of an injury or illness in the Elderly (67.4%), not being able to carry out activities that they enjoyed a lot (65.3%) and the death of a close family member (63.8%). No significant relationship was found between Emotional Intelligence and Stressful Life Events in Older Adults (rs = -.06, p = .56), however, an analysis was carried out with each one of the events and the results showed that Emotional Intelligence was positively related to the death of a close family member (rs = .65, p = .05), the alteration in the health of a family member (rs = .54, p = .05), not being able to do activities they enjoyed (rs = .54, p = .05). Conclusions: The repeated experience of Stressful Life Events can negatively impact the health of the Elderly, more studies are required to identify how Emotional Intelligence can help the Elderly to face these events.

Resumen Objetivo: Conocer la relación que existe entre la Inteligencia Emocional y los Eventos Estresantes de la Vida en los Adultos Mayores. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo correlacional realizado en 95 participantes de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México. Se aplicó una Cedula de Datos Personales, la Escala de Meta-Estado de Ánimo y el Inventario de Estrés en la Vida de Adultos Mayores. Resultados: El 64.2% de los participantes pertenecieron al sexo femenino, los eventos que más experimentaron los AM en el último año fueron la presencia de una lesión o enfermedad en el Adulto Mayor (67.4%), el no poder realizar actividades que disfrutaba mucho (65.3%) y la muerte de un miembro cercano a la familia (63.8%). No se encontró relación significativa entre la Inteligencia Emocional y los Eventos Estresantes de la Vida en los Adultos Mayores (rs = -.06, p = .56), sin embargo, se realizó en análisis con cada uno de los eventos y los resultados mostraron que la Inteligencia Emocional se relacionó de forma positiva con la muerte de un miembro cercano a la familia (rs = .65, p = .05), la alteración en la salud de algún miembro en la familia (rs = .54, p = .05), el no poder realizar actividades que disfrutaba (rs = .54, p = .05). Conclusiones: La experiencia repetida de los Eventos Estresantes de la Vida pueden impactar de forma negativa la salud del Adulto Mayor, se requiere de más estudios que permitan identificar como la IE puede ayudar al Adulto Mayor a enfrentar estos eventos.

Background: Medical empathy is a fundamental pillar in the social construction of the physician-patient relationship. In this light, patients’ beliefs and perceptions of medical empathy, and physicians’ empathic attitudes towards their patients are guided by their socio-cultural understandings and expectations, which naturally vary from culture to culture. Such considerations are particularly relevant to the field of social psychology and to public healthcare systems where a growing number of foreign physicians characterise their highly diverse socio-demographic makeup. However, there is no clear research agenda concerning the way in which medical empathy should be investigated from a cultural point of view in years to come. Aim: To this end, the paper presents a systematic review of studies that examines medical empathy in healthcare contexts from a cultural perspective to synthesize their findings, evaluate their limitations and propose future lines of research. Material and Methods: The review considers articles published from January 2010 to June 2022 in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases and follows the PRISMA methodology. Results: Three studies, of the 314 articles analysed, met the criteria established for this investigation. The analysis shows that research on medical empathy has analysed the cultural diversity of physicians of a limited range of cultural backgrounds, exclusively from a cross-cultural perspective, employing quantitative research designs and exclusively using the Jefferson Medical Empathy Scale. Conclusions: We suggest that future studies adopt an intercultural perspective of medical empathy as a psychocultural construct rather than as merely a sociocultural one.

RESUMEN Antecedentes: La empatía médica es un pilar fundamental en la construcción social de la relación médico-paciente. En este sentido, las creencias y percepciones de los pacientes sobre la empatía médica y las actitudes empáticas de los médicos hacia sus pacientes están guiadas por sus entendimientos y expectativas socioculturales, que naturalmente varían de una cultura a otra. Tales consideraciones son particularmente relevantes para el campo de la psicología social y para los sistemas públicos de salud donde un número creciente de médicos extranjeros caracterizan su composición sociodemográfica altamente diversa. Sin embargo, no existe una agenda de investigación clara sobre la forma en que la empatía médica debe investigarse desde un punto de vista cultural en los próximos años. Objetivo: Para ello, el artículo presenta una revisión sistemática de estudios que examinan la empatía médica en contextos sanitarios desde una perspectiva cultural para sintetizar sus hallazgos, evaluar sus limitaciones y proponer futuras líneas de investigación. Materiales y Métodos: La revisión considera artículos publicados desde enero de 2010 hasta junio de 2022 en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science y sigue la metodología PRISMA. Resultados: Tres estudios, de los 314 artículos analizados, cumplieron con los criterios establecidos para esta investigación. El análisis muestra que la investigación sobre la empatía médica ha analizado la diversidad cultural de los médicos de una gama limitada de antecedentes culturales, exclusivamente desde una perspectiva transcultural, empleando diseños de investigación cuantitativos y utilizando exclusivamente la escala de empatía médica de Jefferson. Conclusiones: Sugerimos que los estudios futuros adopten una perspectiva intercultural de la empatía médica como una construcción psicocultural en lugar de una meramente sociocultural.

Resumen En este trabajo se proporciona nueva información sobre la distribución geográfica de cinco especies de arañas de las familias Corinnidae, Filistatidae, Gnaphosidae y Salticidae. Específicamente, se registran por primera vez a Attinella dorsata (Banks, 1895) (Salticidae), Filistatinellahermosa Magalhaes & Ramírez, 2017 (Filistatidae) y Micariajeanae Gertsch, 1942 (Gnaphosidae) para Baja California, mientras que Creugas gulosus Thorell, 1878 (Corinnidae) y Micaria pasadena Platnick & Shadab, 1988 (Gnaphosidae) son registrados para Baja California Sur. Cabe resaltar que los registros de A. dorsata y F. hermosa son también los primeros para México.

Abstract In this work, we provide novel geographic information about five species of spiders belonging to the families Corinnidae, Filistatidae, Gnaphosidae, and Salticidae We record for the first time Attinelladorsata (Banks, 1895) (Salticidae), Filistatinella hermosa Magalhaes & Ramírez, 2017 (Filistatidae), and Micariajeanae Gertsch, 1942 (Gnaphosidae) in the state of Baja California. Furthermore, Creugas gulosus Thorell, 1878 (Corinnidae), and Micaria pasadena Platnick & Shadab, 1988 (Gnaphosidae) are recorded in Baja California Sur. Both, A. dorsata y F. hermosawere not previously known from Mexico.

Abstract Lactic acid bacteria have been studied for their ability to accumulate inorganic selenium, which is reduced to its elemental form or could be integrated into selenoproteins in the form of selenocysteine. This ability to produce bioavailable organic selenium for humans is an advantage that could be exploited in the production of functional foods. In this work, Enterococcus faecium ABMC-05 isolated from a traditional Mexican beverage (tepache) and with NCBI entry number OL413240 was used. Microorganism selenization was performed after the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration of Na2SeO3 (184 mg/L), which was calculated using the graphical method of Talmadge and Fitch. The selenium concentration of accumulated selenium was calculated by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The concentration of selenium at 48 h of fermentation was 39.92 mg/L, which represented 23.8% of selenium at medium. This value was consistent with those reported for other lactic acid bacteria. Finally, it was determined the selenocysteine presence in biomass recovery after fermentation using RP-HPLC technique. With these results it was confirmed the biogenic production of selenocysteine by Enterococcus faecium ABMC-05 using an inorganic source.

Resumen: Los estudiosos brasileños no suelen estar comprometidos con el desarrollo de los estudios romaníes en otros países de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC). Para estimular este intercambio y dar a esta línea de investigación continental emergente la visibilidad que merece, este artículo ofrece una introducción a los estudios romaníes en la región. La primera parte del artículo presenta los resultados de una encuesta que realizamos entre académicos en 2021 y que identificó los principales temas y preocupaciones en los estudios romaníes de ALC. La segunda sección ofrece un retrato del campo en tres países donde, además de Brasil, la actividad ha sido mayor: Argentina, Colombia y México. Presentamos los principales autores, las áreas de investigación y las principales publicaciones de cada país. En la tercera sección, argumentamos que los estudios romaníes de la ALC son un campo de investigación emergente conformado por sus propias preguntas y preocupaciones. Este desafía la comprensión eurocéntrica de la diáspora romaní que domina el campo a nivel internacional y reclama la exploración de las experiencias romaníes junto a otras comunidades. Resumen . (ALC) merece región 202 donde Brasil mayor Argentina México autores país comunidades (ALC 20 2

Resumo: Os acadêmicos brasileiros geralmente não participam do desenvolvimento dos estudos ciganos em outros países da América Latina e Caribe (ALC). Para estimular esse intercâmbio e dar a visibilidade que esses conhecimentos continentais emergentes merecem, este artigo fornece uma introdução aos estudos ciganos na região. A primeira parte do artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que realizamos entre acadêmicos em 2021 e que identificou os principais temas e preocupações nos estudos ciganos na ALC. A segunda parte oferece um retrato da área em três países onde, além do Brasil, a atividade foi mais alta: Argentina, Colômbia e México. Apresenta os principais autores de cada país, áreas de investigação e publicações-chave. Na terceira parte argumentamos que os estudos ciganos na ALC formam um campo de investigação moldado por suas próprias questões e preocupações. Esses desafiam a compreensão eurocentrista da diáspora cigana que domina os estudos ciganos no âmbito internacional, e conclamam explorações das experiências ciganas junto a outras comunidades. Resumo . (ALC) merecem região 202 onde Brasil alta Argentina México país publicaçõeschave. publicaçõeschave publicações chave. chave publicações-chave internacional comunidades (ALC 20 2

Abstract: Brazilian scholars of Romani studies have not generally engaged with the field’s development in other Latin American countries and the Caribbean (LAC). To stimulate such an exchange and give this emerging continental scholarship the visibility it deserves, this article provides an introduction to Romani studies in the region. The first part of the article presents the results of a survey we conducted among scholars in 2021, which identified main themes and concerns in LAC Romani studies. The second section provides a portrait of the field in the three LAC countries aside from Brazil where the activity in the field has been the highest: Argentina, Colombia, and Mexico. It introduces each country’s main authors, areas of inquiry, and key publications. In the third section, we argue that LAC Romani studies is an emergent field of inquiry shaped by its own questions and concerns. It challenges the Europe-centric understanding of the Romani diaspora that dominates the field internationally and calls for an exploration of Romani experiences alongside other communities. Abstract fields s LAC. . (LAC) deserves region 2021 highest Argentina Colombia Mexico countrys country authors publications Europecentric Europe centric communities (LAC 202 20 2

Abstract Determining the bioactive compounds during the production of artisanal breads will allow us to identify healthy food alternatives that replace ultra-processed products, which cause health risks. Five formulations were prepared: wheat flour+water (WF), whole wheat flour+water (WWF), whole wheat flour+water+beer (WWFB), whole wheat flour+water+beer+habanero chili (WWFBH) and whole wheat flour+water+beer+serrano chili (WWFBS). The WWFB bread was the fluffiest, and the WF and WWF breads were the most acidic. During the bread-making process, the total phenol content was higher in the WWFBS sourdough (33.74 ± 0.03 mg GAE/100 g), while the WF bread had the highest total flavonoid content (13.32 ± 0.06 mg QE/100g). Artisanal bread fermented with wheat flour without a starter culture and vegetable substrate can be considered a functional food with a higher content of bioactive compounds that benefits human health.

Resumen Determinar los compuestos bioactivos durante la elaboración de panes artesanales permitirá identificar alternativas de alimentos saludables que sustituyan a los productos ultraprocesados, que provocan riesgos a la salud. Se prepararon cinco formulaciones, harina de trigo+agua (HT), harina de trigo integral+agua (HTI), harina de trigo integral+agua+cerveza (HTIC), harina de trigo integral+agua+cerveza+chile habanero (HTICH) y harina de trigo integral+agua+cerveza+chile serrano (HTICS). El pan HTIC fue el más esponjoso y los panes HT y HTI fueron los más ácidos. En el proceso de elaboración de pan, la cantidad de fenoles totales fue mayor en la masa madre HTICS (33.74 ± 0.03 mg EAG/100 g), mientras que el pan HT tuvo el mayor contenido de flavonoides totales (13.32 ± 0.06 mg EQ/100g). El pan artesanal fermentado con harina de trigo sin cultivo iniciador y sustrato vegetal puede considerarse como un alimento funcional con un mayor contenido de compuestos bioactivos que beneficie la salud del ser humano.