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La migración rural-urbana como factor de cambio en la composición y manejo de solares mayas
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Morales, José R.

; Aguilar Cordero, Wilian

; Gómez Varela, Carmen Salazar

; García Gil, J. Gerardo

Economía, sociedad y territorio

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jun 2024, Volume 24 N. 74 elocation e1928

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine if migration modifies the management and composition of agrobiodiversity in the homegardens, spaces where the richness of species ensures the provision of goods. In Dzoyaxché, Yucatán, we conducted semi-structured interviews and generated agrobiodiversity inventories in were applied to homegardens without migrants (SSM) and with migrants (SCM). The SSM recorded higher floristic and backyard fauna diversity; in SCM, there was a redistribution of management responsibilities. Thus, rural-urban migration, in Dzoyaxché, is a factor that determines agrobiodiversity.

Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue determinar si la migración modifica el manejo y la composición de la agrobiodiversidad en los solares, espacios donde la riqueza de especies asegura la provisión de bienes. En Dzoyaxché, Yucatán, se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada y se realizó el inventario de la agrobiodiversidad a solares sin migrantes (SSM) y con migrantes (SCM). Los SSM registraron mayor diversidad florística y de fauna de traspatio; mientras que en SCM se registró una redistribución de las responsabilidades de manejo. En conclusión, la migración rural-urbana en Dzoyaxché es un factor que determina la agrobiodiversidad.

https://doi.org/10.22136/est20241928

Detección de variantes del SARS-CoV-2 en aguas residuales de hospitales en Perú, 2022
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Marcos-Carbajal, Pool

; Yareta-Yareta, José

; Otiniano-Trujillo, Miguel

; Galarza-Pérez, Marco

; Espinoza-Culupu, Abraham

; Ramirez-Melgar, Jorge L.

; Chambi-Quispe, Mario

; Luque-Chipana, Néstor Alejandro

; Gutiérrez Ajalcriña, Rosmery

; Sucñer Cruz, Victor

; López Chegne, Segundo Nicolas

; Santillán Ruiz, Diana

; Segura Chavez, Luis Felipe

; Sias Garay, Cinthia Esther

; Salazar Granara, Alberto

; Tsukayama Cisneros, Pablo

; Tapia Paniagua, Silvana Teresa

; González-Domenech, Carmen María

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica

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apr 2024, Volume 41 N. 2 Pages 140 - 145

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Objective. To identify the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in wastewater from hospitals in Peru. Materials and methods. Water samples were collected from the effluents of nine hospitals in Peru during March and September 2022. SARS-CoV-2 was identified by using Illumina sequencing. Variant, lineage and clade assignments were carried out using the Illumina and Nextclado tools. We verified whether the SARS-CoV-2 variants obtained from wastewater were similar to those reported by the National Institute of Health of Peru from patients during the same period and region. Results. Eighteen of the 20 hospital wastewater samples (90%) provided sequences of sufficient quality to be classified as the Omicron variant according to the WHO classification. Among them, six (30%) were assigned by Nextclade to clades 21K lineage BA.1.1 (n=1), 21L lineage BA.2 (n=2), and 22B lineages BA.5.1 (n=2) and BA .5.5 (n=1). Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2 variants were found in hospital wastewater samples and were similar to those reported by the surveillance system in patients during the same weeks and geographic areas. Wastewater monitoring could provide information on the environmental and temporal variation of viruses such as SARS-CoV-2.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Identificar la presencia del virus SARS-CoV-2 en aguas residuales de hospitales en Perú. Materiales y métodos. Se recolectaron muestras de agua en los efluentes de nueve hospitales del Perú durante marzo y septiembre de 2022 y se realizó la identificación de SARS-CoV-2 mediante secuenciación Illumina. Las asignaciones de variantes, linajes y clados se llevaron a cabo con las herramientas Illumina y Nextclado. Verificamos si las variantes de SARS-CoV-2 obtenida de las aguas residuales fueron similares a las reportadas por el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Perú procedentes de pacientes durante el mismo período y región. Resultados. Dieciocho de las 20 muestras de aguas residuales hospitalarias (90%) proporcionaron secuencias con la calidad suficiente para ser clasificadas como variante Ómicron según la clasificación de la OMS. Entre ellos, seis (30%) fueron asignados por Nextclade a los clados 21K linaje BA.1.1 (n=1), 21 L linaje BA.2 (n=2) y 22B linajes BA.5.1 (n=2) y BA.5.5 (n=1). Conclusiones. Se encontraron variantes del SARS-CoV-2 en muestras de aguas residuales hospitalarias y que fueron similares a las reportadas por el sistema de vigilancia en pacientes durante las mismas semanas y áreas geográficas. El monitoreo de aguas residuales podría proporcionar información sobre la variación ambiental y temporal de virus como el SARS-CoV-2.

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13484

Detección de variantes del SARS-CoV-2 en aguas residuales de hospitales en Perú, 2022
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Marcos-Carbajal, Pool

; Yareta-Yareta, José

; Otiniano-Trujillo, Miguel

; Galarza-Pérez, Marco

; Espinoza-Culupu, Abraham

; Ramirez-Melgar, Jorge L.

; Chambi-Quispe, Mario

; Luque-Chipana, Néstor Alejandro

; Gutiérrez Ajalcriña, Rosmery

; Sucñer Cruz, Victor

; López Chegne, Segundo Nicolas

; Santillán Ruiz, Diana

; Segura Chavez, Luis Felipe

; Sias Garay, Cinthia Esther

; Salazar Granara, Alberto

; Tsukayama Cisneros, Pablo

; Tapia Paniagua, Silvana Teresa

; González-Domenech, Carmen María

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública

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2024, Volume 41 N. 2 Pages 140 - 145

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13484

Conscious prone positioning in nonintubated COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 syndrome metaanalysis meta analysis COVID1 1 COVID-
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Vásquez-Tirado, Gustavo Adolfo

; Meregildo-Rodríguez, Edinson Dante

; Asmat-Rubio, Martha Genara

; Salazar-Castillo, María José

; Quispe-Castañeda, Claudia Vanessa

; Cuadra-Campos, María del Carmen

Critical Care Science

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2024, Volume 36 elocation e20240176en

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente o efeito da posição prona na intubação endotraqueal e na mortalidade em pacientes com COVID-19 não intubados com síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo. Métodos: Registramos o protocolo (CRD42021286711) e pesquisamos quatro bancos de dados e literatura cinzenta desde o início até 31 de dezembro de 2022. Incluímos estudos observacionais e ensaios clínicos. Não houve limite de data ou idioma de publicação. Excluímos relatos de casos, séries de casos, estudos não disponíveis em texto completo e estudos que incluíram pacientes < 18 anos de idade. Resultados: Incluímos 10 estudos observacionais, 8 ensaios clínicos, 3.969 pacientes, 1.120 eventos de intubação endotraqueal e 843 mortes. Todos os estudos tinham baixo risco de viés (ferramentas Newcastle-Ottawa Scale e Risk of Bias 2). Observamos que a pronação consciente reduziu as chances de intubação endotraqueal em 44% (RC 0,56; IC95% 0,40 - 0,78) e a mortalidade em 43% (RC 0,57; IC95% 0,39 - 0,84) em pacientes com COVID-19 não intubados com síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo. Esse efeito protetor sobre a intubação endotraqueal e a mortalidade foi mais robusto naqueles que passaram > 8 horas por dia na pronação consciente (RC 0,43; IC95% 0,26 - 0,72 e OR 0,38; IC95% 0,24 - 0,60, respectivamente). A certeza da evidência, de acordo com os critérios GRADE, foi moderada. Conclusão: A pronação consciente diminuiu as chances de intubação endotraqueal e mortalidade, especialmente quando os pacientes passaram > 8 horas por dia na pronação consciente e tratamento na unidade de terapia intensiva. Contudo, nossos resultados devem ser interpretados com cautela devido às limitações na avaliação de ensaios clínicos randomizados, ensaios clínicos não randomizados e estudos observacionais. Não obstante, apesar das revisões sistemáticas com metanálises de ensaios clínicos randomizados, devemos ter em mente que esses estudos permanecem heterogêneos do ponto de vista clínico e metodológico. Objetivo COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 agudo Métodos CRD42021286711 CRD (CRD42021286711 3 2022 publicação casos 1 idade Resultados 3969 969 3.96 1120 120 1.12 84 mortes ferramentas NewcastleOttawa Newcastle Ottawa 2. 2 . 2) 44 RC 0,56 056 0 56 IC95 IC 040 40 0,4 0,78 078 78 43 0,57 057 57 039 39 0,3 0,84 084 0,43 043 026 26 0,2 072 72 0,7 0,38 038 38 024 24 060 60 0,60 respectivamente. respectivamente respectivamente) evidência GRADE moderada Conclusão intensiva Contudo obstante metodológico COVID1 COVID- CRD4202128671 (CRD4202128671 202 396 96 3.9 112 12 1.1 4 0,5 05 5 IC9 04 0, 07 7 03 0,8 08 02 06 6 0,6 CRD420212867 (CRD420212867 20 9 3. 11 1. CRD42021286 (CRD42021286 CRD4202128 (CRD4202128 CRD420212 (CRD420212 CRD42021 (CRD42021 CRD4202 (CRD4202 CRD420 (CRD420 CRD42 (CRD42 CRD4 (CRD4 (CRD

ABSTRACT Objective: To systematically review the effect of the prone position on endotracheal intubation and mortality in nonintubated COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Methods: We registered the protocol (CRD42021286711) and searched for four databases and gray literature from inception to December 31, 2022. We included observational studies and clinical trials. There was no limit by date or the language of publication. We excluded case reports, case series, studies not available in full text, and those studies that included children < 18-years-old. Results: We included ten observational studies, eight clinical trials, 3,969 patients, 1,120 endotracheal intubation events, and 843 deaths. All of the studies had a low risk of bias (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Risk of Bias 2 tools). We found that the conscious prone position decreased the odds of endotracheal intubation by 44% (OR 0.56; 95%CI 0.40 - 0.78) and mortality by 43% (OR 0.57; 95%CI 0.39 - 0.84) in nonintubated COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. This protective effect on endotracheal intubation and mortality was more robust in those who spent > 8 hours/day in the conscious prone position (OR 0.43; 95%CI 0.26 - 0.72 and OR 0.38; 95%CI 0.24 - 0.60, respectively). The certainty of the evidence according to the GRADE criteria was moderate. Conclusion: The conscious prone position decreased the odds of endotracheal intubation and mortality, especially when patients spent over 8 hours/day in the conscious prone position and treatment in the intensive care unit. However, our results should be cautiously interpreted due to limitations in evaluating randomized clinical trials, nonrandomized clinical trials and observational studies. However, despite systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials, we must keep in mind that these studies remain heterogeneous from a clinical and methodological point of view. Objective COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 syndrome Methods CRD42021286711 CRD (CRD42021286711 31 2022 publication reports series text 18yearsold. 18yearsold yearsold 18 years old. old 18-years-old Results 3969 3 969 3,96 1120 1 120 1,12 events 84 deaths NewcastleOttawa Newcastle Ottawa tools. tools . tools) 44 0.56 056 0 56 95CI CI 95 040 40 0.4 0.78 078 78 43 0.57 057 57 039 39 0.3 0.84 084 hoursday hours day 0.43 043 026 26 0.2 072 72 0.7 0.38 038 38 024 24 060 60 0.60 respectively. respectively respectively) moderate Conclusion unit However metaanalyses meta analyses view COVID1 COVID- CRD4202128671 (CRD4202128671 202 396 96 3,9 112 12 1,1 4 0.5 05 5 9 04 0. 07 7 03 0.8 08 02 06 6 0.6 CRD420212867 (CRD420212867 20 3, 11 1, CRD42021286 (CRD42021286 CRD4202128 (CRD4202128 CRD420212 (CRD420212 CRD42021 (CRD42021 CRD4202 (CRD4202 CRD420 (CRD420 CRD42 (CRD42 CRD4 (CRD4 (CRD

https://doi.org/10.62675/2965-2774.20240176-en

Evaluación preclínica y clínica de SOBERANA® 01. Candidato vacunal contra la COVID-19
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Climent Ruiz, Yanet

; Santana Mederos, Darielys

; PérezRodríguez, Sonia

; Rodríguez González, Meiby de la Caridad

; García Rivera, Dagmar

; Sánchez Ramírez, Belinda

; Valdés Balbín, Yury

; Vérez Bencomo, Vicente

; Rodríguez Noda, Laura M.

; Pérez Nicado, Rocmira

; Ochoa Azze, Rolando

; Boggiano Ayo, Tammy

; Valenzuela Silva, Carmen María

; González Rodríguez, Humberto

; Ramírez González, Ubel J.

; Paredes Moreno, Beatriz

; García Rivera, Daniel

; Labrada Regalado, Claudia

; Hernández García, Tays

; Noa Romero, Enrique

; Díaz Hernández, Marianniz

; OrosaVázquez, Ivette

; BergadoBáez, Gretchen

; Pi Estopiñán, Franciscary

; Hernández Salazar, Tamara

; Fariñas Medina, Mildrey

; Enriquez Puertas, Juliet María

; González Sosa, Nibaldo Luis

; González Delgado, Carlos A.

; Rubino Moreno, Jorman

; Díaz Machado, Alina

; González Freire, Yunior

; Esmoris Mena, Yudisleidy

; Rosales Gil, Lilia Beatríz

; Chappi Estévez, Yanet

; Amoroto Roig, Mayté

; Martínez Pérez, Marisel

; Ontiveiro Pino, Ivis

; Landys Chovel Cuervo, Mario

; Garrido Arteaga, Raine

; Cardoso San Jorge, Félix

; González Mugica Romero, Raúl

; Fernández Castillo, Sonsire

; Ojito Magaz, Eduardo

; Chiodo, Fabrizio

; Paquet, Francoise

; Fang, Cheng

; Guang-Wu, Chen

Anales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba

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dec 2023, Volume 13 N. 4 elocation e1512

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: SOBERANA® 01 was developed at the Finlay Vaccine Institute to combat the epidemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This candidate is based on the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) in dimeric form combined with purified vesicles from outer membrane of serogroup B meningococcus as immunopotentiator of the immune response adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide. Methods: The antigen was designed with the peculiarity of having a free cysteine at position 538, which allows the formation of RBD dimers. In preclinical studies it was evaluated the immunogenicity of the dimer combined with the outer membrane vesicles and they were performed toxicological studies. In addition, it was designed a Phase I clinical study in subjects from 19 to 59 years old. Results: The antigenic presentation in the form of dimer combined with the vesicles proved to be safe and immunogenic in animal models, observing a significant increase in the immune response when compared to the monomeric form. During the Phase I clinical evaluation, which included apparently healthy subjects between the ages of 19 and 59, it was demonstrated that SOBERANA® 01 lead to a significant increase in the neutralizing antibody response compared to the use of aluminum hydroxide as the sole adjuvant. After the third dose, 100% of the subjects seroconverted to the group immunized with SOBERANA® 01. Conclusions: It was demonstrated the immunogenicity and neutralizing capacity of the antibodies induced by SOBERANA® 01. The analysis of the sera of the vaccinated persons demonstrated that the formulation containing the OMVs causes a more potent neutralizing effect against several RBD mutants present in VOCs, including the RBD triple mutants of the beta variant.

RESUMEN Introducción: SOBERANA® 01 se desarrolló en el Instituto Finlay de Vacunas para el enfrentamiento a la epidemia causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2. Este candidato se basa en el dominio de unión al receptor en forma dimérica, combinado con vesículas purificadas de membrana externa de meningococo del serogrupo B como inmunopotenciador de la respuesta inmune adsorbidos en hidróxido de aluminio. Métodos: Se diseñó el antígeno con la peculiaridad de tener una cisteína libre en la posición 538, que permite la formación de dímeros del dominio de unión al receptor. En estudios preclínicos se evaluó la inmunogenicidad del dímero combinado con las vesículas de membrana externa y se realizaron estudios toxicológicos. Además, se diseñó un estudio clínico fase I en sujetos de 19 años a 59 años. Resultados: La presentación antigénica en forma de dímero combinado con las vesículas demostró ser segura e inmunogénica en modelos animales observando un incremento significativo de la respuesta inmune cuando se compara con la forma monomérica. Durante la evaluación clínica fase I, que incluyeron sujetos aparentemente sanos de entre 19 años y 59 años de edad, se demostró que SOBERANA® 01 conduce a un aumento importante en la respuesta de anticuerpos neutralizantes en comparación con el uso de hidróxido de aluminio como único adyuvante. Después de la tercera dosis, el 100 % de los sujetos seroconvirtieron en el grupo inmunizado con SOBERANA® 01. Conclusiones: Se demostró la inmunogenicidad y la capacidad neutralizante de los anticuerpos inducidos por SOBERANA® 01. El análisis de los sueros de las personas vacunadas demostró que la formulación que contiene las vesículas de membrana externa provoca un efecto neutralizante más potente contra varios mutantes del dominio de unión al receptor presentes en los COV, incluidos los mutantes triples del dominio de unión al receptor de la variante Beta.

La Ética en la Investigación Cualitativa. Una Reflexión desde los Estudios Organizacionales
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Vega, Alba María del Carmen González

; Salazar, Alejandra López

; Ramírez, Juan Morua

New Trends in Qualitative Research

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oct 2023, Volume 17 elocation e808

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resúmen La investigación cualitativa es una actividad profunda y compleja porque el investigador es un sujeto inserto en el objeto de estudio; al realizar la investigación simultáneamente sufre de su influencia; enfrentándose así a cuestiones éticas. Hay una influencia del contexto, que muchas veces se requiere la adopción de reglas y normas éticas por parte del investigador a la situación que se vive produciendo un dilema. La integridad ética de la investigación no sólo se limita en respetar las normas o las directivas de los comités de ética sino como parte de la responsabilidad del investigador que es indisociable de su calidad científica. El objetivo del presente trabajo es reflexionar sobre los diferentes dilemas éticos asociados al proceso de investigación dentro de los Estudios Organizacionales para lo que se eligieron tres tesis doctorales del Posgrado en Estudios Organizacionales de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa que usaron estudios de caso múltiple en microempresas en México. Se realizó una revisión documental por parte de los investigadores y se discutieron las implicaciones éticas de la investigación. Las principales conclusiones fueron que la actividad investigativa del área de estudio reflexione sobre la importancia de la ética en la aplicación de la metodología cualitativa y sus implicaciones en el proceso de investigación. La gestión de la investigación debe ser cuidadosa, amplia y abiertamente informada para las partes involucradas; desde el inicio de la investigación hasta la publicación de los resultados. Los desafíos éticos que se presentan en el ingreso a la organización deben establecer un consentimiento informado explícito y los participantes deben tener la seguridad y claridad de tomar decisiones informadas con respecto a la información que se otorgará además de su uso y difusión.

Abstract Qualitative research is a deep and complex activity because the researcher is a subject inserted in the object of study; When carrying out the research he simultaneously suffers from its influence; thus, facing ethical issues. There is an influence of the context, which often requires the adoption of ethical rules and norms by the researcher to the situation that is experienced, producing a dilemma. The ethical integrity of research is not only limited to respecting the standards or directives of ethics committees but also as part of the responsibility of the researcher, which is inseparable from their scientific quality. The objective of this work is to reflect on the different ethical dilemmas associated with the research process within Organizational Studies, for which three doctoral theses were chosen from the Postgraduate in Organizational Studies of the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa that used multiple case studies in microenterprises. in Mexico. A documentary review was carried out by the researchers and the ethical implications of the research were discussed. The main conclusions were that the research activity of the study area reflects on the importance of ethics in the application of qualitative methodology and its implications in the research process. The management of the investigation must be careful, comprehensive and openly informed to the parties involved, from the beginning of the research to the publication of the results. The ethical challenges that arise when entering the organization must establish explicit informed consent and participants must have the security and clarity of making informed decisions regarding the information that will be provided in addition to its use and dissemination.

https://doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.17.2023.e808

Factores sociodemográficos y socioculturales que influyen en la donación de sangre en el Perú: resultados de una encuesta nacional, 2022
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Almeyda Alcántara, Juan Antonio

; Fuentes Rivera, Teófilo José

; Torres Lopez, Jacklyn Karen

; Riveros Salazar, Joselyn Pamela

; Nicho Machado, Liliana Estefania

; Pampa Espinoza, Luis

; Celada Padilla, Alex

; Bustamante Guevara, José Carlos

; Gendrau Acho, Segundo Jackier

; Fernández Fuentes, Rosemary

; Ramírez Aylas, Mirian Paola

; Huarcaya Damiano, Jenifer

; Quispicondor Arteaga, Liz Esther

; Barbeyto Toribio, Irvin Adrian

; Maydana Aguilar, Katherine

; Vidarte Maldonado, Milagros

; Vílchez Enriquez, Paola

; Cerón Castañeda, María del Carmen Gladys

Acta Médica Peruana

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oct 2023, Volume 40 N. 4 Pages 294 - 299

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Background: Sociodemographic and sociocultural factors influence blood donation in various countries, our objective of study was to determine what are the factors that influence blood donation in Peru. The study: An observational, crosssectional study was conducted in people between 18 and 60 years at the national level, the data were analyzed using SPSS v.20 Findings: The study sample was 739 people, 50.4% men; It was determined that there is good knowledge about blood donation with a percentage greater than 50% of questions answered correctly, likewise there is a positive attitude towards blood donation Conclusions: The sociocultural factors that influence blood donation is ignorance, 40% of the participants do not know the basic requirements to be a blood donor, another factor is the false belief. because they are taking medication, they cannot donate blood (47%).

RESUMEN Introducción: Los factores sociodemográficos y socioculturales influyen en la donación de sangre en diversos países, nuestro objetivo de estudio fue determinar cuáles son los factores que influyen en la donación de sangre en el Perú. El estudio: Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal en personas entre 18 a 60 años a nivel nacional, se analizaron los datos mediante SPSS v.20 Hallazgos: La muestra de estudio fue de 739 personas, el 50,4% hombres; se determinó que hay buen conocimiento acerca de la donación de sangre con un porcentaje mayor al 50% de preguntas contestadas correctamente, así mismo existe una actitud positiva frente a la donación de sangre Conclusiones: Los factores socioculturales que influyen en la donación de sangre es el desconocimiento, un 40% de los participantes desconoce los requisitos básicos para ser donante de sangre, otro factor es la falsa creencia que al estar tomando medicamentos no se puede donar sangre (47%).

https://doi.org/10.35663/amp.2023.404.2716

Globalización empresarial: efectos en la calidad e innovación en organizaciones empresariales
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Salas Salazar, Miriam del Rocío

; Herrera Chico, María Fernanda

; Moreno Albuja, María del Carmen

; Parra Rodríguez, Alonso Edison

Revista Universidad y Sociedad

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oct 2023, Volume 15 N. 5 Pages 151 - 160

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN La globalización engloba aspectos económicos, políticos, jurídicos y sociales de los diferentes países del mundo. Este fenómeno avanza a pasos gigantescos eliminando distancias y llegando a lugares nunca imaginados, estableciendo nuevos retos en el avance del conocimiento, la transformación y la cultura de las naciones. Se realizó un proceso investigativo con el objetivo de determinar los principales efectos de la globalización empresarial en la gestión de la calidad y de la innovación en organizaciones empresariales ecuatorianas. El estudio desarrollado se estableció sobre el enfoque cuantitativo y concibió un diseño correlacional. Se desarrolló en 85 estudiantes de posgrado de la Escuela Superior Politécnica del Chimborazo, Ecuador, que se desempeñan como empresarios. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que la causa y efecto de las variables según Rho Spearman debido a que los datos son no normales, entre la globalización empresarial y los efectos en la gestión de la calidad y de la innovación siendo positiva muy alta y muy significativa. Lo anterior determina que, al enfatizar en la implementación de los aspectos de la globalización empresarial, se incrementará de manera favorable la gestión de la calidad y de la innovación en las organizaciones empresariales.

ABSTRACT Globalization encompasses economic, political, legal and social aspects of the different countries of the world. This phenomenon is advancing in giant steps, eliminating distances and reaching places never imagined, establishing new challenges in the advancement of knowledge, transformation and the culture of nations. A research process was carried out with the aim of determining the main effects of business globalization on quality management and innovation in Ecuadorian business organizations. The study was based on a quantitative approach and a correlational design. It was carried out on 85 postgraduate students of the Polytechnic Higher College the Chimborazo, Ecuador, who work as entrepreneurs. The results obtained show that the cause and effect of the variables according to Rho Spearman, due to the non-normality of the data, between business globalization and the effects on quality management and innovation is very high and highly significant. This determines that by emphasizing the implementation of the aspects of business globalization, quality and innovation management in business organizations will increase favorably.

EARLY-ONSET COLORECTAL CANCER: AN ELEVEN-YEAR ANALYSIS OF CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AT A TERTIARY HEALTHCARE CENTER EARLYONSET EARLY ONSET CANCER ELEVENYEAR ELEVEN YEAR
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PIÑERÚA-GONSÁLVEZ, Jean Félix

; ZAMBRANO-INFANTINO, Rosanna del Carmen

; RIZZO-RODRÍGUEZ, María Antonella

; DUEÑAS-DIEZ, Aurelio

; FERNÁNDEZ-SALAZAR, Luis

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia

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sep 2023, Volume 60 N. 3 Pages 315 - 321

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Contexto: A incidência de câncer colorretal de início precoce (CCR-IP) tem aumentado significativamente em todo o mundo nos últimos anos, e esses indivíduos frequentemente apresentam doença avançada no momento do diagnóstico. Este estudo examina as características clinicopatológicas dos casos de CCR-IP diagnosticados em um centro de saúde acadêmico na Espanha. Métodos: Realizado um estudo retrospectivo de revisão de prontuários de pacientes diagnosticados com CCR-IP de 2010 a 2021. Dados clínicos e patológicos foram coletados. Resultados: Foram incluídos um total de 101 pacientes. A maioria dos casos (75,3%) foi diagnosticada na faixa etária entre 40 e 49 anos, especificamente dentro do subgrupo de 46 a 49 anos. Histórico familiar de câncer colorretal foi encontrado em 23% dos pacientes. Tumores do lado esquerdo foram mais comuns (43,6%), e a maioria dos pacientes foi diagnosticada em estágios avançados (34,7% no estágio III e 32,7% no estágio IV). A maioria dos pacientes (94,1%) apresentava sintomas, sendo o sangramento retal a apresentação clínica mais prevalente. O tipo histológico mais frequente foi adenocarcinoma moderadamente diferenciado (44,6%). Tumores com mutação KRAS foram encontrados em 18,8% e tumores com mutação BRAF em 11,9%. 67,3% apresentavam estabilidade de microssatélites. A recorrência do tumor ocorreu em 24,8% dos pacientes, enquanto 27,7% dos pacientes morreram. Conclusão: De 2010 a 2021, o CCR-IP representou 3% de todos os casos de câncer colorretal. Para melhorar o diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento, os médicos devem manter uma alta suspeita de sintomas de alerta em pacientes jovens. Para diminuir a morbidade e a mortalidade do CCR-IP, a consideração de iniciar exames de triagem diagnóstica aos 45 anos deve ser considerada. Contexto CCRIP CCR IP (CCR-IP Espanha Métodos 201 2021 coletados Resultados 10 75,3% 753 75 3 (75,3% 4 23 43,6%, 436 43,6% , 43 6 (43,6%) 34,7% 347 34 7 (34,7 327 32 32,7 IV. IV . IV) 94,1% 941 94 1 (94,1% prevalente 44,6%. 446 44,6% 44 (44,6%) 188 18 8 18,8 119 11 9 11,9% 673 67 67,3 microssatélites 248 24 24,8 277 27 27,7 morreram Conclusão tratamento jovens CCRIP, IP, considerada 20 202 75,3 (75,3 2 43,6 (43,6% 34,7 (34, 32, 94,1 (94,1 44,6 (44,6% 18, 11,9 67, 24, 27, 75, (75, 43, (43,6 34, (34 94, (94, 44, (44,6 11, (75 (43, (3 (94 (44, (7 (43 ( (9 (44 (4

ABSTRACT Background: Early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) incidence has increased significantly worldwide in recent years, and these individuals frequently have advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. This study examines the clinicopathological characteristics of EO-CRC cases diagnosed at an academic healthcare center in Spain. Methods: A retrospective record review study of patients diagnosed with EO-CRC from 2010 to 2021 was performed. Clinical and pathological data were collected. Results: A total of 101 patients were included. The majority of cases (75.3%) were diagnosed in the age group between 40 and 49 years, specifically within the subgroup of 46-49 years. A family history of colorectal cancer was found in 23% of patients. Left-sided tumors were more common (43.6%), and most patients were diagnosed at advanced stages (34.7% at stage III and 32.7% at stage IV). The majority of patients (94.1%) were symptomatic, with rectal bleeding being the most prevalent clinical presentation. The most frequent histological type was moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (44.6%). KRAS mutant tumors were found in 18.8% and BRAF mutant tumors in 11.9%. 67.3% had microsatellite stability. Tumor recurrence occurred in 24.8% of the patients, while 27.7% of the patients died. Conclusion: From 2010 to 2021, EO-CRC accounted for 3% of all colorectal cancer cases. To improve early diagnosis and treatment, physicians should maintain a high suspicion of red flag symptoms in young patients. To decrease EO-CRC morbidity and mortality, starting diagnostic screening tests at age 45 should be considered. Background Earlyonset Early onset EOCRC EO CRC (EO-CRC years Spain Methods 201 202 performed collected Results 10 included 75.3% 753 75 3 (75.3% 4 4649 46 46-4 23 Leftsided Left sided 43.6%, 436 43.6% , 43 6 (43.6%) 34.7% 347 34 7 (34.7 327 32 32.7 IV. IV . IV) 94.1% 941 94 1 (94.1% symptomatic presentation 44.6%. 446 44.6% 44 (44.6%) 188 18 8 18.8 119 11 9 11.9% 673 67 67.3 stability 248 24 24.8 277 27 27.7 died Conclusion treatment mortality considered 20 75.3 (75.3 464 46- 2 43.6 (43.6% 34.7 (34. 32. 94.1 (94.1 44.6 (44.6% 18. 11.9 67. 24. 27. 75. (75. 43. (43.6 34. (34 94. (94. 44. (44.6 11. (75 (43. (3 (94 (44. (7 (43 ( (9 (44 (4

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.230302023-23

10.

Anticuerpos contra SARS-CoV-2 en personal de investigación con infección asintomática en la etapa prevacunal
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Solórzano-Santos, Fortino

; Arellano-Galindo, José

; Acosta-Contreras, Christian S.

; Klunder-Klunder, Miguel

; Pérez de Gante, Carmen L.

; Salazar-García, Marcela

Gaceta médica de México

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aug 2023, Volume 159 N. 4 Pages 352 - 356

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.23000024

11.

Suplementos vitamínicos que influyen positivamente en el tratamiento de COVID-19
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Carlos-Gutiérrez, Liliana R.

; Rosales-León, Tomás F.

; Salazar-Deza, Carmen A.

; Carlos-Reyes, Melecio B.

Gaceta médica de México

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jun 2023, Volume 159 N. 3 Pages 279 - 280

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.22000401

12.

Estrategias de solución de síntomas de depresión en niños y adolescentes
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Carlos-Gutiérrez, Liliana R.

; Evangelista-Carlos, Andrés A.

; Salazar-Deza, Carmen A.

; Carlos-Reyes, Melecio B.

Gaceta médica de México

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feb 2023, Volume 159 N. 1 Pages 85 - 85

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.22000293

13.

Nociones matemáticas básicas en infantes. Incremento a través de la virtualidad en tiempos de COVID-19
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Salazar-Lozano, Gianinna Del Carmen

; Muñante-Toledo, Melisa Fatima

; Mendez-Vergaray, Juan

; Rivera-Arellano, Edith Gissela

; Flores, Edward

Horizontes Revista de Investigación en Ciencias de la Educación

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feb 2023, Volume 7 N. 28 Pages 862 - 880

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMEN En los últimos años, los dispositivos electrónicos fueron los medios para procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en infantes de 5 años, los cuales necesitaron evolucionar digitalmente para este proceso a través de didácticas o programas virtuales. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo verificar el efecto del programa virtual en el incremento de las nociones matemáticas básicas en infantes de 5 años en tiempos de COVID-19. Estudio aplicado, cuasiexperimental, utilizando el test de evaluación de matemática temprana. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron un aumento significativo del grupo experimental frente al grupo control, incrementando las nociones matemáticas básicas en general, así como en sus dimensiones de comparación, correspondencia, clasificación y seriación. Conclusión: los resultados evidencian que las nociones básicas de las matemáticas pueden ser desarrolladas a través de herramientas virtuales y participación activa de los padres de familia con el acompañamiento del docente de preescolar.

RESUMO Nos últimos anos, os dispositivos eletrônicos foram o meio para os processos de ensino e aprendizagem em crianças de 5 anos, que precisaram evoluir digitalmente para esse processo por meio de programas didáticos ou virtuais. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar o efeito do programa virtual no aumento de noções matemáticas básicas em bebês de 5 anos de idade em tempos de COVID-19. Estudo aplicado, quase-experimental, utilizando o teste de avaliação de matemática precoce. Os resultados obtidos mostraram um aumento significativo no grupo experimental em comparação com o grupo de controle, aumentando as noções matemáticas básicas em geral, bem como nas dimensões de comparação, correspondência, classificação e seriação. Conclusão: Os resultados mostram que as noções básicas de matemática podem ser desenvolvidas por meio de ferramentas virtuais e da participação ativa dos pais com o apoio do professor da pré-escola.

ABSTRACT In recent years, electronic devices were the means for teaching and learning processes in 5-year-old infants, which needed to evolve digitally for this process through didactics or virtual programs. The present research had the objective of verifying the effect of the virtual program in the increase of basic mathematical notions in 5-year-old infants in COVID-19 times. Applied, quasi-experimental study, using the early mathematics assessment test. The results obtained showed a significant increase in the experimental group compared to the control group, increasing basic mathematical notions in general, as well as in the dimensions of comparison, correspondence, classification and seriation. Conclusion: the results show that the basic notions of mathematics can be developed through virtual tools and active participation of parents with the support of the preschool teacher.

https://doi.org/10.33996/revistahorizontes.v7i28.560

14.

Standards for psychosocial care in pediatric cancer: adapted proposal for Latin American and Caribbean countries
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Trigoso, Viviana

; Vásquez, Liliana

; Fuentes-Alabi, Soad

; Pascual, Claudia

; Méndez, Teresa

; Maradiegue, Essy

; Villegas, Mariela

; Perina, Elisa

; Ahumada, Eugenia

; de Bragança, João

; Zubieta, Marcela

; Jiménez, María del Pilar

; Bernedo, Hernan

; Ruda, Lourdes

; Sierralta, Melisa

; Motta, Alessandra

; Rossell, Nuria

; Vargas, Daniela

; Salazar, Yurfa

; López, Marisa

; Plascencia, Oscar

; Arita, Armando

; Molinas, Raquel

; Salaverria, Carmen

; Velásquez, Oscar

; Ugaz, Cecilia

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2023, Volume 47 elocation e156

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

ABSTRACT Objective. To highlight the objectives, achievements, challenges, and next steps for the World Health Organization’s Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer (GICC) framework, a project designed to improve psychosocial care (PSC) in pediatric cancer centers across Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Methods. The project was launched in Peru, the first GICC focal country, in November 2020. The diagnosis phase included a survey and a semistructured interview with health professionals to assess PSC practices in institutions, and a needs assessment survey for caregivers. In the second phase, a strategic plan was developed to address the identified needs, including the adaptation of PSC standards, the establishment of multicenter working groups, the expansion of the proposal, and the development of materials. Results. The study found that PSC was not being adequately provided in accordance with international standards. Six adapted standards were proposed and validated, and more than 50 regional health professionals participated in online activities to support the project. The implementation process is currently ongoing, with the establishment of five multidisciplinary working groups, one regional committee, and the production of 16 technical outputs. Conclusion. This project represents a substantial step forward to improve PSC for pediatric patients with cancer and their families in LAC countries. The establishment of working groups and evidence-based interventions strengthen the proposal and its implementation. Development of health policies that include PSC according to standards is needed to achieve sustainable results in the quality of life of children with cancer and their families.

RESUMO Objetivo. Destacar os objetivos, as conquistas, os desafios e as próximas etapas da Iniciativa Global para o Câncer Infantil (GICC), um projeto criado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde para melhorar a atenção psicossocial em centros de câncer pediátrico na América Latina e no Caribe. Métodos. O projeto foi lançado no Peru, o primeiro país focal da GICC, em novembro de 2020. A fase de diagnóstico incluiu uma pesquisa e uma entrevista semiestruturada com profissionais de saúde para avaliar as práticas de atenção psicossocial nas instituições, bem como uma pesquisa para avaliar as necessidades dos cuidadores. Na segunda fase, foi desenvolvido um plano estratégico para atender às necessidades identificadas, incluindo uma adaptação de padrões de atenção psicossocial, o estabelecimento de grupos de trabalho multicêntricos, a expansão da proposta e o desenvolvimento de materiais. Resultados. O estudo constatou que, de acordo com padrões internacionais, a atenção psicossocial não estava sendo adequadamente oferecida. Seis padrões adaptados foram propostos e validados, e mais de 50 profissionais de saúde da região participaram de atividades on-line para apoiar o projeto. O processo de implementação está em andamento, com a formação de cinco grupos de trabalho multidisciplinares e um comitê regional e a produção de 16 relatórios técnicos. Conclusão. Este projeto representa um avanço substancial para melhorar a atenção psicossocial para pacientes pediátricos com câncer e suas famílias nos países da América Latina e do Caribe. A criação de grupos de trabalho e intervenções baseadas em evidências fortalecem a proposta e sua implementação. É preciso desenvolver políticas de saúde que incluam atenção psicossocial segundo padrões estabelecidos para alcançar resultados sustentáveis na qualidade de vida das crianças com câncer e de suas famílias.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2023.156

15.

Cambios en uso de suelo y vegetación en tres cuencas de México con modelos de Markov
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Thaden Ugalde, Juan José Von

; Lithgow, Debora

; Revollo-Fernández, Daniel A.

; Salazar Vargas, María del Pilar

; Rodríguez de los Santos, Aram

Madera y bosques

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2023, Volume 29 N. 3 elocation e2932638

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract In recent decades, anthropogenic activity has driven deforestation or the replacement of natural ecosystems, particularly forests, subsequently diminishing their capacity to provide a range of environmental services crucial for ensuring human well-being. Understanding land-use change dynamics and identifying its key drivers are essential for devising region-specific strategies. The main objective of this study was to understand and predict landuse and vegetation change dynamics in three basins in Mexico (Ameca-Mascota in Jalisco, Del Carmen in Chihuahua, and Jamapa in Veracruz), each exhibiting different levels of deforestation over a period of 25 years. This included analyzing historical trends, identifying biophysical and socioeconomic factors contributing to deforestation, and assessing future deforestation scenarios for 2026 and 2041 using Markov chains. Our findings suggest that land-use and vegetation change dynamics over the past 25 years lean toward deforestation, and future projections indicate that this deforestation trend is unlikely to change for the years 2026 and 2041. The two most significant drivers in all three basins were distance to roads and the vegetation edges, suggesting that deforestation is higher in areas close to roads and vegetation edges. This information is pivotal for developing conservation and restoration strategies in the three basins to reverse the current and future deforestation trends.

Resumen En las últimas décadas, la actividad antropogénica ha impulsado la deforestación o sustitución de los ecosistemas naturales, en particular los bosques, lo que a su vez ha reducido su capacidad para brindar una gama de servicios ambientales importantes para asegurar el bienestar humano. El entender cómo es la dinámica de cambio de uso de suelo e identificar sus principales impulsores es clave para la generación de estrategias específicas para cada región. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue comprender y predecir las dinámicas de cambio de uso de suelo y vegetación en tres cuencas de México (Ameca-Mascota en Jalisco, Del Carmen en Chihuahua y Jamapa en Veracruz) con diferentes niveles de deforestación, a lo largo de un período de 25 años. Esto incluyó el análisis de tendencias históricas, la identificación de factores biofísicos y socioeconómicos que contribuyen a la deforestación, y la evaluación de escenarios futuros de deforestación para los años 2026 y 2041 utilizando cadenas de Markov. Los resultados sugieren que la dinámica de cambio de uso suelo y vegetación en los últimos 25 años tiende hacia a la deforestación, y las proyecciones a futuro sugieren que esta dinámica de deforestación no va a cambiar para los años del 2026 y 2041. En las tres cuencas los dos impulsores más significativos fueron la distancia a caminos y al borde de la vegetación, lo que sugiere que la deforestación es mayor en zonas cercanas a los caminos y a los bordes de la vegetación. Esta información es clave para generar estrategias de conservación y restauración en las tres cuencas para revertir la tendencia de deforestación actual y futura.

https://doi.org/10.21829/myb.2023.2932638

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