RESUMO Entre as diversas espécies forrageiras utilizadas na alimentação de ruminantes, o capim elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) se destaca por ser perene e de elevado potencial de produção de matéria seca. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar o desempenho de cultivares de capim elefante e características químicas do solo sob diferentes níveis de biochar e épocas de avaliação sob irrigação na época da seca. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC) em esquema fatorial, e analisado em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas, as cultivares BRS Capiaçu e BRS Kurumi x doses de biochar (0, 8, 16 e 24 t ha-1), e as subparcelas, quatro épocas de avaliação (71, 225, 335 e 447 dias após aplicação do biochar), com quatro repetições. Para avaliação de características químicas do solo o delineamento não teve o fator épocas, sendo analisado em DBC em fatorial 2 x 4, com 4 repetições. Os atributos analisados foram a fertilidade de solo, a morfometria e o rendimento de capim elefante. Nas avaliações aos 225 (2ª) e 335 (3ª) dias após aplicação de biochar houve melhor desempenho das cultivares. As doses de biochar não aumentaram significativamente atributos morfométricos, de produtividade das cultivares e fertilidade do solo. A aplicação de biochar não melhora os atributos de produtividade e proteína bruta das cultivares de capim elefante nas condições deste estudo. ruminantes Pennisetum Schum. Schum seca Objetivouse Objetivou (DBC subdivididas 0, 0 (0 8 1 ha1, ha1 ha , ha-1) subparcelas 71, 71 (71 33 44 biochar, biochar) repetições 22 2ª ª (2ª 3ª (3ª morfométricos estudo ( ha-1 7 (7 3 ha-

ABSTRACT Among the various forage species used in ruminant feeding, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) is notable as it is a perennial plant and has a high potential for dry matter production. The present study evaluated the performance of elephant grass cultivars and soil chemical characteristics under different biochar addition levels and at different evaluation times under irrigation in the dry season. The treatments were arranged in a factorial randomized complete block design (CBD) and analyzed in a split-plot design according to cultivar (BRS Capiaçu and BRS Kurumi) x biochar dose (0, 8, 16 and 24 t ha-1); the subplots consisted of four evaluation times (71, 225, 335 and 447 days after application of biochar), with four replicates. The soil chemical characteristics were evaluated without inclusion of the time factor according to a CBD in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme, with 4 replications. The attributes analyzed were soil fertility, morphometry and elephant grass yield. The performance of the cultivars improved at 225 days (2nd evaluation) and 335 days (3rd evaluation) after biochar application. The biochar doses did not significantly increase morphometric attributes, cultivar productivity or soil fertility. The application of biochar did not improve the yield attributes or crude protein of elephant grass cultivars under the conditions of this study. feeding Pennisetum Schum. Schum production season (CBD splitplot split plot Kurumi 0, 0 (0 8 1 ha1 ha ha-1) 71, 71 (71 33 44 biochar, , biochar) replicates scheme replications fertility 22 2nd nd 3rd rd ( ha-1 7 (7 3 ha-

Abstract Fruits agro-industrial by-products may have a great variety of bioactive compounds that promote health. Thus, the effects of supplementation with acerola, cashew and guava processing by-products for 28 days on retinol level, lipid profile and on some aspects related to intestinal function in rats were investigated. The animals supplemented with different fruit by-products presented similar weight gain, faecal pH values and intestinal epithelial structures; however, they showed higher moisture and Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. counts in faeces compared to the control group. Supplementation with the cashew by-product decreased the blood glucose, acerola and guava by-products reduced serum lipid levels and all fruit by-products tested increased serum and hepatic retinol. The results indicated that acerola and guava by-products possess a potential hypolipidemic effect. The three fruit by-products increase the hepatic retinol deposition and the faecal populations of beneficial bacterial groups and modulated aspects of intestinal function. The findings of this study can contribute to sustainable fruticulture and support future clinical studies with the supplementation of by-products. agroindustrial agro industrial byproducts by products health Thus 2 level investigated gain structures however spp group byproduct product glucose effect byproducts. products.

RESUMO A fase de maturação de ramos é importante no cultivo de mangueira porque precede à indução floral, quando as plantas estão sob estresse causado por elevadas temperaturas e baixa disponibilidade hídrica, que poderia ser amenizado pelo uso de bioestimulante. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo utilizar um bioestimulante de plantas contendo extrato de levedura e aminoácidos na atenuação do estresse abiótico em plantas de manga, cv. Tommy Atkins, em ambiente semiárido. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos, cinco repetições e cinco plantas por parcela. Os tratamentos consistiram de: T1) duas pulverizações foliares com [bioestimulante + KCl] + duas pulverizações foliares com K2SO4; T2) sem bioestimulante e quatro pulverizações foliares com K2SO4; T3) três pulverizações foliares individuais com bioestimulante e uma pulverização foliar com K2SO4; T4) duas pulverizações foliares com bioestimulante e duas pulverizações foliares com K2SO4; e T5) duas pulverizações foliares com [bioestimulante + K2SO4] + uma pulverização foliar com K2SO4. As variáveis avaliadas foram carboidratos solúveis, amido, concentração de aminoácidos e prolina, e atividade enzimática da ascobarto peroxidase e catalase. A pulverização foliar com bioestimulante durante a fase de maturação da parte aérea das mangueiras cultivadas no semiárido tropical aliviou o stress abiótico das plantas. Três pulverizações foliares de bioestimulante e uma pulverização foliar de K2SO4 são recomendadas para mitigar os efeitos do estresse abiótico em plantas de mangas no semiárido.

ABSTRACT The shoot maturation phase is important for growing mango tree because it precedes the floral induction, when plants are under stress caused by high temperatures and low water availability, that could be reduced by using plant biostimulant. Thus, the current study aimed to use a plant biostimulant containing yeast extract and amino acids to alleviate abiotic stress in mango plants, cv. Tommy Atkins, grown in semiarid environment. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with five treatments, five repetitions and five plants per plot. Treatments consisted of: T1) two foliar sprays with [biostimulant + KCl] + two foliar sprays with K2SO4; T2) No biostimulant and four foliar sprays with K2SO4; T3) three individual foliar sprays with biostimulant and one foliar spray with K2SO4; T4) two foliar sprays with biostimulant and two foliar sprays with K2SO4; and T5) two foliar sprays with [biostimulant + K2SO4] + one foliar spray with K2SO4. The variables evaluated were: i) leaf concentrations of soluble carbohydrates, starch, amino acids and proline; and ii) enzymatic activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase. The foliar spray with biostimulant during the branch maturation phase of mango trees grown in tropical semiarid environment alleviated plant abiotic stress. Three foliar biostimulant sprays and one K2SO4spray are recommended to alleviate mango plant abiotic stress in semiarid environment.

Phytochemical investigation of the inflorescences of Dictyoloma vandellianum A. Juss. (Rutaceae) has led to the isolation of a new A-seco-limonoid, named dictyolomol (1), along with a known quinolone alkaloid, casimiroine (2), previously isolated from the same species. The structures were established by spectroscopic analysis such as one- and two-dimensional NMR, IR, high-resolution mass spectrometry and chemical transformations. The isolated compounds (1 and 2) and O-acetyl derivative (1a) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and HeLa cancer cell lines. The results indicated that 1, 1a and 2 showed no significant cytotoxicity.