Aim The main purpose of this study was to conduct a narrative review investigating the possible relationship between permanent maxillary anterior teeth and anthropometric facial parameters in different populations. Methods Searches were performed in the PubMed, BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) and SciELO databases to identify relevant scientific articles using the following search terms: “maxillary anterior teeth”, “facial measurements” and “anthropometry”, in such a way that 218 publications were found. After application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 publications remained for full-text reading. Results All studies involved male and female samples and it was notorious that male measurements were unanimously higher than those obtained in the opposite sex. The age of the analyzed participants ranged from 17 to 60 years; however, a mean age of 18 to 25 years was the most investigated in literature. In addition, facial measurements including the bizygomatic width, interpupillary distance, intercanthal distance, interalar width and intercommissural width have been proposed to help determine the correct size of anterior teeth. Conclusion It was concluded that despite the limited number of studies, some factors that influence dental and facial dimensions, such as sex and age, can be identified. However, there is no standardization of the facial or dental parameters used in the studies, a fact that makes it difficult to establish a universal ratio for clinical dental practice. populations PubMed Biblioteca Saúde terms teeth, , teeth” anthropometry, anthropometry “anthropometry” 21 found criteria 1 fulltext full text reading 6 however 2 literature addition distance dimensions identified However practice “anthropometry

Abstract Background In this study, a probiotic mixture (Honeybeeotic) consisting of seven bacterial strains isolated from a unique population of honeybees (Apis mellifera ligustica) was used. That honeybee population was located in the Roti Abbey locality of the Marche Region in Italy, an area isolated from human activities, and genetic contamination from other honeybee populations. The aim was to investigate the effects of this probiotic mixture on the innate immunity and intestinal microbiome of healthy common honeybees in two hives of the same apiary. Hive A received a diet of 50% glucose syrup, while hive B received the same syrup supplemented with the probiotics, both administered daily for 1 month. To determine whether the probiotic altered the immune response, phenoloxidase activity and hemolymph cellular subtype count were investigated. Additionally, metagenomic approaches were used to analyze the effects on gut microbiota composition and function, considering the critical role the gut microbiota plays in modulating host physiology. Results The results revealed differences in hemocyte populations between the two hives, as hive A exhibited higher counts of oenocytoids and granulocytes. These findings indicated that the dietary supplementation with the probiotic mixture was safe and well-tolerated. Furthermore, phenoloxidase activity significantly decreased in hive B (1.75 ± 0.19 U/mg) compared to hive A (3.62 ± 0.44 U/mg, p < 0.005), suggesting an improved state of well-being in the honeybees, as they did not require activation of immune defense mechanisms. Regarding the microbiome composition, the probiotic modulated the gut microbiota in hive B compared to the control, retaining core microbiota components while causing both positive and negative variations. Notably, several genes, particularly KEGG genes involved in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) transport, were more abundant in the probiotic-fed group, suggesting an effective nutritional supplement for the host. Conclusions This study advocated that feeding with this probiotic mixture induces beneficial immunological effects and promoted a balanced gut microbiota with enhanced metabolic activities related to digestion. The use of highly selected probiotics was shown to contribute to the overall well-being of the honeybees, improving their immune response and gut health.

RESUMO Objetivo O COVID-19 impôs inúmeros desafios aos programas educacionais que tiveram que se adaptar rapidamente ao aprendizado remoto on-line (ARO) para garantir a continuidade da formação dos profissionais de saúde durante a pandemia. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a percepção de alunos e professores sobre o processo ensino-aprendizagem dos cursos de graduação em Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional de uma universidade pública brasileira. Métodos Foi utilizado um questionário eletrônico autoaplicável com questões de múltipla escolha em escala Likert de 1 a 5; quanto maior a pontuação, maior o nível de concordância/importância/satisfação. Resultados A maioria dos alunos de graduação e professores tinha experiência anterior no uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação, e 85% afirmaram preferir o ensino presencial. Os alunos expressaram preferência por metodologias de aprendizagem mais ativas, com objetivos claros, conteúdo acessível e visualização de conceitos abstratos. Em relação aos benefícios e barreiras, algumas percepções semelhantes foram observadas entre alunos e professores com ARO favorecendo a gestão do tempo, benefícios no processo ensino-aprendizagem, satisfação e motivação com o conteúdo do curso e baixa frequência às atividades acadêmicas gerais por ausência ou dificuldade de acesso aos recursos tecnológicos. Conclusão O ARO pode ser uma modalidade alternativa de aprendizado quando as aulas presenciais não podem ser realizadas, como no caso da pandemia do COVID-19. Porém, o ARO é inadequado para substituir a aprendizagem presencial, embora possa complementar a educação presencial tradicional em um modelo híbrido, respeitando a natureza de cada programa na área da saúde que exige formação prática presencial. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 online on line (ARO ensinoaprendizagem Fisioterapia brasileira 5 pontuação concordânciaimportânciasatisfação concordância importância concordância/importância/satisfação comunicação 85 ativas claros abstratos barreiras tempo ensinoaprendizagem, aprendizagem, tecnológicos realizadas COVID19. 19. Porém híbrido COVID1 COVID- 8

ABSTRACT Purpose COVID-19 posed numerous challenges to educational programs that had to quickly adapt to remote online learning (ROL) to ensure the continuity of health professional training over the pandemic. We aimed to assess the students' and professors' perceptions of the teaching-learning process in the Physical Therapy, Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, and Occupational Therapy undergraduate programs at a Brazilian public university. Methods We used an electronic self-reported questionnaire with multiple-choice questions on a Likert scale ranged 1-5; higher the score, higher the level of agreement/importance/satisfaction. Results Most of undergraduate students and teachers had previous experience using information and communication technologies, and 85% stated their preference for in-person learning. Students expressed their appreciation for more active learning methodologies with clear objectives, accessible content, and visualization of abstract concepts. Regarding benefits and barriers, some similar perceptions were observed between students and teachers with ROL favoring time management, benefits in the teaching-learning process, satisfaction and motivation with the course content, and low attendance rates to general academic activities due to absent or poor access to technological resources. Conclusion ROL is an alternative learning mode when the in-person classes cannot be carried out, as in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic. ROL is believed to be unfit to replace in-person learning, although it can complement the traditional classroom-based education in a hybrid model, respecting the nature of each program in the field of health that requires in-person practical training. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 (ROL pandemic professors teachinglearning teaching SpeechLanguageHearing Speech Language Hearing Sciences university selfreported self reported multiplechoice multiple choice 15 1 5 1-5 score agreementimportancesatisfaction agreement importance agreement/importance/satisfaction technologies 85 inperson person objectives content concepts barriers management resources out classroombased classroom based model COVID1 COVID- 1- 8

Resumo A ventilação natural é uma importante estratégia passiva para manutenção da qualidade do ar e do conforto térmico em espaços internos. O diferencial de pressão nas fachadas das edificações, quantificado a partir dos coeficientes de pressão (Cps), impacta diretamente no desempenho da ventilação natural. Fatores como direção do vento, entorno, tipo de terreno, geometria da edificação e detalhamentos nas fachadas influenciam a distribuição de pressão. Muitas investigações utilizam-se de ensaios em túneis de vento ou simulações fluidodinâmicas para avaliar os Cps em geometrias lisas e regulares. Neste artigo, objetiva-se avaliar o impacto de dispositivos de sombreamento externos nos Cps em um modelo genérico isolado de 3,0 m x 3,0 m x 2,7 m com duas aberturas (de 1 m2 cada uma) centralizadas e dispostas em faces opostas a 1,1 m do piso. Assim, a partir de sua versão reduzida (escala 1:7,5), cinco configurações (sem dispositivos, modelo selado e com aberturas e tipologias com sombreamentos horizontal, combinados e verticais) foram ensaiadas em túnel de vento para oito incidências de vento (de 0° a 90° e 180°). Os resultados indicarammaiores discrepâncias nos Cps nas tipologias com componentes verticais expostas às incidências de 45°, 60° e 75°.

Abstract Natural ventilation in buildings is an important passive strategy to maintain indoor air quality and comfortable thermal environments. The pressure differential on buildings’ façades, quantified by the wind pressure coefficients (WPCs), directly impacts the performance of natural ventilation. Several factors, as wind direction, surroundings, terrain type, building geometry and facades’ details influence wind pressure distribution. Many investigations use wind tunnel tests or computational fluid dynamics simulations to evaluate the Cps in regular geometries. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of external shading devices on the WPCs of a generic isolated model with 3.0 m x 3.0 m x 2.7 m with two openings (with 1.0 m 2 each), centralised and placed on opposite façades with a windowsill measuring 1.1 m. Thus, from its reduced version (scale 1:7.5), five configurations (model without shadings, sealed model and model with openings, and typologies with horizontal, combined and vertical shading devices) are tested in a wind tunnel with eight wind attack angles (0° to 90° and 180°). The results show greater differences in cases with vertical shading devices exposed to wind attack angles of 45°, 60° and 75°.

Resumo Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo discutir e determinar valores de desempenho acústico para ruído de impacto (L' nTw ), para 39 composições de sistemas de pisos, com diferentes materiais resilientes e acabamento de pisos laminados de madeira, a metodologia organiza-se conforme a ISO 16283-2, ISO 717-2 e NBR 15575-3 para classificação. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a laje pré-fabricada nervurada com vigotas protendidas e tavelas cerâmicas e o sistema de laje e contrapiso não atingem os requisitos mínimos de isolamento acústico, com valores de 91 e 84 dB respectivamente. Dentre as outras 37 amostras, vale ressaltar que pisos laminados de madeira com melhor resistência à abrasão são mais eficientes em relação ao desempenho acústico, com valores de isolamento de ruído de impacto variando de 60 a 62 dB, devido sua densidade superficial. Nas amostras que usam materiais resilientes, os valores de desempenho variam de 55 a 46 dB.

Abstract This research aims to discuss and determine acoustic performance values for impact noise insulation (L’nT,w) for 39 floor system compositions that have different resilient materials and wooden laminate floor finishing. The methodology is organized according to ISO 16283-2, ISO 717-2 and NBR 15575-3 for classification. The results obtained demonstrate that the prefabricated ribbed slab with prestressed joists and ceramic slabs, as well as the slab and subfloor system do not meet the minimum requirements for acoustic insulation, comprising values of 91 and 84 dB, respectively. Among the other 37 samples, it is worth mentioning that wooden laminate floors with better abrasion resistance is more efficient concerning acoustic performance, comprising impact noise insulation values ranging from 60 to 62 dB, due to its surface density. In the samples that use resilient materials, the performance values vary from 55 to 46 dB.

RESUMO: O dimensionamento de pilares de aço e mistos de aço e concreto em situação de incêndio está diretamente atrelado à redução da resistência e da rigidez, entre outras propriedades, as quais se manifestam em resposta à elevação da temperatura. Os códigos normativos que tratam do dimensionamento desses elementos sob ação do fogo consideram a ação térmica com base em aquecimento nas quatro faces do pilar, aspecto que não abrange a grande maioria dos casos nas edificações em função da presença de paredes. Nesse mesmo contexto, dada a importância da correta determinação do campo térmico para fins de dimensionamento, bem como dada a simplificação adotada pelos códigos normativos, o presente trabalho se volta exclusivamente a um estudo basicamente direcionado à obtenção de campo térmico representativo para fins de verificação termoestrutural de pilares de aço e mistos. Tendo como foco principal a análise de casos que diferem das configurações prescritas em normas, são propostos modelos numéricos puramente térmicos validados por meio de resultados experimentais, cujas análises constatam uma evidente redução da temperatura no pilar de aço quando revestido com concreto, e ainda com maior evidência quando adicionalmente inseridos em paredes enquanto elemento de compartimentação. De modo a verificar o método simplificado proposto pela ABNT NBR 14323:2013, análises comparativas entre os campos térmicos numérico e obtido pelo modelo normatizado foram realizadas para seções transversais de aço e mistas de aço e concreto. Para os pilares de aço isolados, como esperado, o método normativo se mostrou consistente, porém conservador quando voltado a pilares inseridos em paredes. Em relação aos pilares mistos, os resultados obtidos sinalizam a necessidade de ajuste nas prescrições normativas para fins de determinação de campo térmico e, consequentemente, para fins de dimensionamento desses mesmos elementos.

ABSTRACT: The design of steel and steel and concrete composite columns in a fire situation is directly linked to the reduction of strength and stiffness, among other properties, which are manifested in response to rising temperatures. The normative codes that deal with the design of these elements under the action of fire consider the thermal action based on heating on the four faces of the column, an aspect that does not cover most cases in buildings due to the presence of walls. In this context, given the importance of the correct determination of the thermal field for design purposes, as well as given the simplification adopted by the normative codes, the present work deals exclusively with a study basically aimed at obtaining a representative thermal field for purposes of thermo-structural verification of steel and steel and concrete composite columns. With the focus on the analysis of cases that differ from the prescribed configurations in standards, purely thermal numerical models are proposed, validated through experimental results, whose analyses show an evident reduction in temperature in the steel column when encased with concrete, and with even greater evidence when additionally inserted into walls as a compartmentalizing element. To verify the simplified method proposed by ABNT NBR 14323: 2013, comparative analyses between the numerical thermal fields and obtained by the standardized model were carried out for steel and steel and concrete composite cross sections. For the isolated steel columns, as expected, the normative method proved to be consistent, but conservative when it came to columns inserted into walls. In relation to the composite columns, the results obtained indicate the need for adjustment in the standards for purposes of determining the thermal field and, consequently, of design these elements.

Abstract: The seedling traits is a simple and non-destructive methodology used to identify haploids/diploids in maize. This study aimed at establishing an optimal germination temperature to evaluate this methodology and verify its effectiveness. Haploid and diploid seeds, obtained from crosses with the haploidy inducer TAIL9, were classified using the R1-Navajo marker and placed to germinated in growth chambers maintained at different temperatures. After 96 h, radicle and coleoptile lengths and the number of lateral seminal roots were determined. Cut-off points for these traits were established using Receiver Operating Characteristic curves and a new haploid/diploid classification was performed and compared to the plant phenotype (gold standard) to obtain false discovery rates and false negative rates. The seedling traits methodology successfully differentiated haploids and diploids, proving to be effective in eliminating false positives, selected by the R1-Navajo marker. The temperature of 30 °C was established as the optimal germination temperature for this study.

Abstract The characterization of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) from the canine yolk sac (cYS) can contribute to future gene therapies because it is possible to obtain information about the beginning of the development of the circulatory system through the characterization. The cYS is a likely source of HSC, which is a source of blood cell development in mammals. Studies in this field have been conducted for decades; however, interest in cellular therapy is currently at its peak with greater visibility, and these cells are a promising therapeutic tool for the treatment of diseases related to animals and humans. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize HSC from the cYS embryos at 30 to 45 days of gestational age. Our results showed that the cYS was macroscopically located in the ventral region with a central portion and extremities. The cells in culture presented a circular morphology and cell clusters. The average cell viability was 22.55% dead cells out of 6.5 × 104 total cells. The cells were also able to form colonies on methylcellulose. Flow cytometry analysis revealed the expression of CD34, CD117, and CD45. Our results suggest that the cYS can be used as a source of hematopoietic cells, and this study is very important to understand the mechanism and development of the hematopoietic system in dogs.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as influências dos fatores genótipos de milho (Zea mays), safras agrícolas, texturas dos endospermas, fundo genético e bases genéticas nas taxas de haploides putativos (THPs), conforme a expressão do gene R1-navajo (R1-nj). Foram avaliados 41 genótipos de milho como receptores de pólen, em cruzamentos com o indutor “Krasnodar haploid inducer”, em duas safras (verão e inverno), no município de Maringá, no estado do Paraná, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com dez repetições (espigas). A variável resposta analisada foi a THP determinada pela proporção de haploides putativos, obtidos com base no marcador R1-nj, em relação ao número de sementes diploides por espiga. Posteriormente, foram utilizados modelos lineares generalizados para escolher o mais adequado para explicar a THP em função dos fatores testados. As safras, os genótipos e a interação safras x genótipos afetaram significativamente a THP, o que evidencia a dependência destes fatores na expressão do marcador fenotípico baseado na pigmentação por antocianina e determinado pelo gene dominante R1-nj. O número de agrupamentos formados pelos genótipos foram diferentes em cada safra. Dez genótipos apresentaram taxas maiores no verão do que no inverno. As texturas dos endospermas, as bases genéticas e o fundo genético não interferiram na THP.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the influences of the factors corn (Zea mays) genotypes, crop seasons, endosperm texture, genetic background, and genetic basis on putative haploid rates (PHRs) according to the expression of gene R1-navajo (R1-nj). Forty-one corn genotypes were evaluated as pollen receptors, in crosses with the Krasnodar haploid inducer, in two crops (summer and winter), in the municipality of Maringá, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized with ten replicates (ears). The response variable analyzed was the PHR, determined by the proportion of putative haploids, obtained through the R1-nj marker, in relation to the number of diploid seeds in each ear. Subsequently, generalized linear models were used to choose the one best fit to explain the PHR in function of the tested factors. Crop seasons, genotypes, and the crop seasons x genotypes interaction affected significantly the PHR, showing the dependence of these factors on the expression of the phenotypic marker based on anthocyanin pigmentation and determined by gene R1-nj. The number of clusters formed by the genotypes was different in each crop season. Ten genotypes showed higher rates in summer than in winter. Endosperm texture, genetic basis, and genetic background did not affect the PHR.

RESUMO A síndrome do entardecer ou “pôr do sol” - “sundown syndrome” - é uma alteração neurocomportamental complexa em pacientes portadores de demência que geram custos financeiros excessivos e desgaste importante a seus cuidadores. Trata-se de um fenômeno multifatorial com fisiopatologia incerta, que caracteriza-se pela presença de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos no período vespertino. Objetivo: Analisar os principais sintomas neuropsiquiátricos, sua correlação entre si, com comorbidades e o horário do dia de maior intensidade destes em pacientes portadores de demência da doença de Alzheimer. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo analítico transversal, observacional e explanatório no qual foram entrevistados cuidadores/familiares de pacientes idosos portadores de demência utilizando uma ferramenta estruturada denominada Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Resultados: A amostra estudada foi de 38 pacientes, 60,5% feminino e 39,5% masculino, com 81±6 (67-94) anos de idade. Foi observada uma alta frequência de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos no período vespertino, principalmente irritabilidade (55,3%), comportamento noturno (47,4%), agressividade (42,1%). Apenas 36,8% dos cuidadores familiares empregavam estratégias não farmacológicas. Conclusão: A frequência dos sintomas neuropsiquiátricos são exacerbados ao entardecer em pacientes com doença de Alzheimer; principalmente os sintomas comportamentais com correlação positiva entre si.

ABSTRACT The sundown syndrome is a complex neurobehavioral disorder in patients with dementia associated with high financial cost and significant caregiver burden. It is a multifactorial phenomenon with unclear pathophysiology, characterized by the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the evening period. Objective: To analyze the main neuropsychiatric symptoms, their correlation with one another, with comorbidities, and with time of day of greatest symptom intensity in patients with Alzheimer’s disease dementia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational and explanatory study in which caregivers/relatives of elderly patients with dementia were interviewed using a structured tool called the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Results: The sample studied was composed of 38 patients, 60.5% female and 39.5% male, with mean age of 81±6 (67-94) years. A high frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the evening period was observed, predominantly irritability (55.3%), nocturnal behavior (47.4%), and aggressiveness (42.1%). Only 36.8% of the family caregivers used non-pharmacological strategies. Conclusion: The frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms was exacerbated in the evening among patients with Alzheimer’s disease, especially for those behavioral symptoms that had a positive correlation with one another.

Resumo A legalização da maconha no Brasil é um tema que vem sendo discutido atualmente, pois além de questões sobre saúde pública, envolve também aspectos sociais, jurídicos e educacionais. Portanto, o estudo teve como objetivo verificar a percepção de médicos psiquiatras e usuários de maconha em recuperação sobre a legalização de maconha no Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória. O estudo foi composto por 20 participantes com idades entre 26 e 71 anos (80% do sexo masculino), 10 compondo o grupo de médicos psiquiatras, e 10 usuários de maconha em recuperação. Foi aplicada uma entrevista semiestruturada, e utilizada a análise de conteúdo. A maioria dos participantes se posicionaram de maneira desfavorável (85%) a legalização da maconha Brasil. Os relatos incluíram prejuízos físicos, psíquicos e sociais, bem como a ausência e ineficácia de políticas públicas. Porém, tiveram postura positiva aos tratamentos com canabidiol para doenças refratárias. Portanto, necessita-se de mais pesquisas que contemplem este tema, abarcando outras populações a fim de trazer melhores esclarecimentos.

Abstract The legalization of cannabis in Brazil is a topic that is currently being discussed. As well as public health issues, it also involves social, legal and educational aspects. Accordingly, this study aimed to verify the perception of psychiatrists and recovering cannabis users regarding the legalization of cannabis in Brazil. This was an exploratory qualitative study. The study included 20 participants aged 26 to 71 (80% male), 10 composing the group of psychiatrists, and 10 the group of recovering cannabis users. Semi-structured interviews were performed and analyzed using content analysis. The majority of the participants (85%) were not in favor of cannabis legalization Brazil. The reports mentioned physical, psychic and social damage, as well as the absence and inefficiency of public policies. However, they were positive regarding cannabidiol treatments for refractory diseases. More studies are needed that contemplate this theme, encompassing other populations, in order to provide better explanations.

Resumen La legalización de la marihuana en Brasil es un tema que viene siendo discutido actualmente, pues además de cuestiones sobre salud pública, involucra también aspectos sociales, jurídicos y educativos. Por lo tanto el estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar la percepción de médicos psiquiatras y usuarios de marihuana en recuperación sobre la legalización de marihuana en Brasil. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa exploratoria. El estudio fue compuesto por 20 participantes con edades entre 26 y 71 años (80% del sexo masculino), 10 componiendo el grupo de médicos psiquiatras, y 10 usuarios de marihuana en recuperación. Se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada, y se utilizó el análisis de contenido. La mayoría de los participantes se posicionaron de manera desfavorable (85%) la legalización de la marihuana en Brasil. Los relatos incluyeron pérdidas físicas, psíquicas y sociales, así como la ausencia e ineficacia de políticas públicas. Pero tuvieron postura positiva a los tratamientos con canabidiol para enfermedades refractarias. Por lo tanto, se necesitan más investigaciones que contemplen este tema, abarcando otras poblaciones a fin de traer mejores aclaraciones.

ABSTRACT. Statistics is the main science by which researchers validate the results of scientific work, and the choice of an inadequate statistical method may lead to conclusions that are considered questionable by reviewers. This study had the objective of describing the characteristics of the statistical methods used in the papers published in Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy from 1998 to 2016 as part of a a critical analysis of the journal to pinpoint possible failures in the application of these methods. All scientific articles (n = 1,237) published in the journal were surveyed, of which 54.1% addressed areas of crop production. The mean comparison methods were the most commonly used (75.5%) and, consequently, they represented the highest proportion of errors (60.8%) of the authors in the journal.

RESUMO Este trabalho investigou o processo de hidrólise química de poli(tereftalato de etileno) (PET) em meio alcalino; especificamente de garrafas incolores e coloridas pós-uso. A reciclagem química de embalagens PET pós-uso ainda é muito pouco explorada no Brasil, não sendo tão diferente do que está sendo praticado em outros países. Dentre variáveis possíveis de investigação, aquelas estudadas neste trabalho foram a concentração de hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) e a cor do PET. A reação de despolimerização do PET pós-uso foi realizada na concentração de 1,0, 3,0, 5,0, 7,5 e 10,0 mol L-1 de NaOH, sendo que em 7,5 mol L-1 foi aquela que mostrou os melhores resultados, relativamente à extensão da reação e à pureza do monômero recuperado, o ácido tereftálico (TPA). A reação também foi feita para PET de cores diferentes, na concentração de 7,5 mol L-1 de NaOH, cujos resultados mostraram um menor desempenho quando comparados com aqueles obtidos para o PET não colorido. Esse resultado sugere ser devido à presença de corantes, que pela estrutura química dos mesmos, competem pelo ataque nucleofílico do íon hidroxila (OH-), durante a reação de hidrólise do PET. As análises por Espectrofotometria no Infravermelho (FTIR), Difração de Raios X (DRX) e Termogravimétrica (TGA/DTG) confirmaram que os produtos de reação resultaram em TPA, uma vez que os espectros foram coincidentes com aqueles do TPA comercial. O crescente consumo de embalagens PET e o descarte ambiental aleatório precisam de soluções rápidas; os resultados do presente trabalho são importantes e corroboram com o avanço da pesquisa para a reutilização de matéria prima.

ABSTRACT This work investigated the chemical hydrolysis process of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in alkaline medium; specifically, colorless and colored post-consume bottles. The chemical recycling of post-consume PET bottles is still very little explored in Brazil, not being so different from what is being practiced in other countries. Among possible variables of investigation, in this work was studied the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration and the PET color. The post-consume PETdepolymerization reaction was performed at the concentrations of 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 mol L-1 NaOH, and in 7.5 mol L-1was the one that showed the best results, regarding the extent of the reaction and the purity of the recovered monomer, terephthalic acid (TPA). The reaction was also made for PET of different colors at the concentration of 7.5 mol L-1 NaOH, whose results showed a lower performance when compared to those obtained for non-colored PET. This result suggests that it is due to the presence of dyes, which, due to their same chemical structure, compete for nucleophilic attack of the hydroxyl ion (OH-) during the hydrolysis reactionof of PET. Infrared Spectrophotometry (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Thermogravimetric (TGA / DTG) analysis confirmed that the reaction products resulted in TPA, since the spectra were coincident with those of the commercial TPA. The increasing consumption of PET packaging and aleatory environmental disposal need quick solutions; the results of this work are important and corroborate with the advance of the research for reutilization of raw material.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral therapy-based intervention (Superwellness Program) on weight gain compared with a treatment-as-usual (TAU) approach in patients treated with antipsychotics, and to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) variation and clinical variables. Method: Eighty-five patients treated with antipsychotics were allocated across two groups, experimental (n=59) and control (n=26). The Superwellness Program (experimental group) consisted of 32 twice-weekly 1-hour sessions, conducted by a psychologist and a nutritionist/nurse, concurrently with moderate food intake and moderate physical activity plans. Sociodemographic, clinical, and biological variables were collected at baseline, at the end of intervention (16 weeks), and after 6 months. Results: BMI change from baseline differed significantly between the experimental and control groups, with a larger decrease in the experimental group (F = 5.5, p = 0.021). Duration of illness moderated the effect of treatment on BMI (p = 0.026). No significant (p = 0.499) effect of intervention during the follow-up period was found. Interestingly, the intervention indirectly induced a significant (p = 0.024) reduction in metabolic risk by reducing BMI. Conclusion: A cognitive-behavioral therapy-based intervention could be useful in reducing weight in a clinical population taking antipsychotics, with consequent benefit to physical and mental health.