Resumen Con el fin de aprovechar las propiedades antisépticas y cicatrizantes de la miel, en muchas partes del mundo se ha investigado la preparación de micro y nanofibras poliméricas con miel de abejas, con el fin de potenciar su uso en el desarrollo de productos biomédicos como apósitos, vendajes y otros elementos que favorezcan el cierre de la herida y la restauración del tejido. Para contribuir a esta línea de investigación, se presenta una revisión de antecedentes sobre la aplicación de la técnica de electrohilado en la preparación de membranas de micro y nanofibras con miel, enfocándose en la metodología experimental que incluye el uso de polímeros, solventes, agentes terapéuticos, principios activos o fármacos cargados en fibras apiterapéuticas. Se han recopilado técnicas y parámetros de electrohilado, ensayos y métodos de caracterización de materiales, presentando el efecto de estas variables sobre las propiedades composicionales, morfológicas, mecánicas y fisicoquímicas de las mallas fibrosas. Se realizó un compendio de pruebas biológicas evaluadas in vitro e in vivo con el fin de analizar la funcionalidad y potencial de la aplicación de fibras en ingeniería de tejidos, así como en la construcción de dispositivos para diagnóstico clínico y en general para el desarrollo de materiales avanzados. para el tratamiento de heridas. Esta revisión prevé el establecimiento de las bases metodológicas para el diseño de nuevos materiales basados en miel y extractos de plantas aún no explorados, y que podrían desarrollarse en compuestos de alto interés científico e industrial.

Abstract In order to take advantage of the antiseptic and healing properties of honey, the preparation of polymeric micro and nanofibers with honey from bees has been investigated in many parts of the world, in order to enhance their use in the development of biomedical products such as dressings, bandages and other elements that favors wound closure and tissue restoration. To contribute to this line of research, a background review is presented here on the application of the electrospinning technique in the preparation of micro and nanofiber membranes with honey, focusing on experimental methodology including the use of polymers, solvents, therapeutic agents, active principles or drugs loaded in apitherapeutic fibers. Electrospinning techniques and parameters, tests and material characterization methods have been compiled, presenting the effect of these variables on the compositional, morphological, mechanical and physicochemical properties of the fibrous meshes. A compendium of biological tests evaluated in vitro and in vivo was made in order to analyze the functionality and potential of the application of fibers in tissue engineering, as well as in the construction of devices for clinical diagnosis and in general for the development of advanced materials for wound treatment. This review sees the establishment of the methodological foundations for the design of new materials based on honey and plant extracts not yet explored, and which could be developed into compounds of high scientific and industrial interest.

Resumen En ocasiones, las políticas subsidiarias ayudan a solventar problemas inflacionarios, e indirectamente sirven para evitar protestas sociales y mantener o aumentar la confianza en el gobierno. Comparamos las relaciones entre salarios e inflación para los últimos tres sexenios en México. Para el periodo 2006-2012 el nivel de inflación no repercutió en un aumento salarial; en el 2012-2018 causó un aumento del 4% y desde el 2018 el aumento fue de 6.4%. Adicionalmente, estimamos el porcentaje de aceptación de cada gobierno con base en las políticas inflacionarias y subsidiarias usando un modelo logit. Los resultados muestran que la inflación impactó negativamente la aceptación gubernamental en 0.113%, mientras que el incremento salarial la aumentó en 0.108%. Respecto a cada gobernante, se destaca la aceptación del 79% del gobierno de turno, siendo la más grande en las últimas décadas.

Abstract Sometimes, subsidiary policies mitigate inflationary problems and try to avoid social protests, maintain or increase confidence in the government. We compare the relationships between wages and inflation for the last three six-year terms in Mexico. For the period 2006-2012 the level of inflation does not determine a salary increase, in 20122018, it caused an increase of 4% and since 2018, the increase was 16.4%. Additionally, we estimate the percentage of acceptance of each government, based on inflationary and subsidiary policies, using a logit model. The results show that inflation negatively affected government acceptance by 0.113%, while the salary increase increased it by 0.108%. Regarding each ruler, the acceptance of 79% of the government in turn stands out, being the largest in recent decades.

Resumo Por vezes, as políticas subsidiárias ajudam a resolver problemas inflacionistas e servem indirectamente para evitar protestos sociais e manter ou aumentar a confiança no governo. Comparamos as relações entre salários e inflação nos últimos três períodos de seis anos no México. No período 2006-2012, o nível de inflação não resultou num aumento salarial; Em 2012-2018 provocou um aumento de 4% e desde 2018 o aumento foi de 6,4%. Adicionalmente, estimamos o percentual de aceitação de cada governo com base nas políticas inflacionárias e subsidiárias utilizando um modelo logit. Os resultados mostram que a inflação impactou negativamente a aceitação do governo em 0,113%, enquanto o aumento salarial a aumentou em 0,108%. Em relação a cada governante, destaca-se a aceitação de 79% do atual governo, sendo a maior das últimas décadas.

ABSTRACT Eleusine indica is difficult to control with post-emergence herbicides due to the short interval between emergence and tillering, which control is more limited. Furthermore, the emergence of resistant biotypes motivates research on this type to find more options for chemical control. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of post-emergence herbicides in the goosegrass control in two phenological stages. The work was carried out in pots in a completely randomized design with eleven herbicides applied in two experiments: one with plants of four leaves (pre-tillering) and another with plants of eight leaves (in tillering). Visual control notes were assigned at 7, 14, and 21 days after application, collecting the aerial part of the plant in the last evaluation to obtain the dry weight. With these data, variance analysis and means comparison were performed using Tukey's test at a significance level of 0,05. As a principal result, pyroxsulam, mesotrione, and nicosulfuron controlled less than 80 % of the four-leaf population. At tillering, pyroxsulam, mesotrione, nicosulfuron, and tembotrione showed less than or equal to 65 % of control. Regardless of phenological stage, clethodim, haloxyfop, glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate, paraquat, indaziflam, and ametrine were effective, with more than 88 % of control of the species.

RESUMO Eleusine indica é uma planta daninha de difícil controle com herbicidas pós-emergentes devido ao curto intervalo entre a emergência e o perfilhamento, em que o controle é mais limitado. Ademais, o surgimento de biótipos resistentes motiva realizar trabalhos desta natureza para encontrar mais opções de controle químico. O objetivo desta investigação foi avaliar a eficiência de herbicidas pós-emergentes no controle do capim-pé-de-galinha em dois estádios fenológicos. O trabalho foi realizado em vasos a céu aberto num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com onze herbicidas aplicados em dois experimentos: um experimento na espécie com quatro folhas (pré-perfilhamento) e outro na planta com oito folhas (em perfilhamento). Foram atribuídas notas visuais de controle aos 7, 14 e 21 dias após a aplicação, coletando a parte aérea da planta na última avaliação para obter a massa seca. Com esses dados foi realizada a análise de variância e a comparação de médias com o teste Tukey a um nível de significância de 0,05. Dos herbicidas testados, pyroxsulam, mesotrione y nicossulfuron controlaram menos do 80 % da população com quatro folhas. No perfilhamento, pyroxsulam, mesotrione, nicossulfuron y tembotrione mostraram controle menor ou igual a 65 %. Independentemente do estádio fenológico, clethodim, haloxifop, amônio-glufosinato, glyphosate, paraquat, indaziflam e ametrina foram efetivos, com mais de 88 % de controle da espécie.

Resumen El uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) antes, durante y posterior a la pandemia por COVID-19 se ha relacionado con el tecnoestrés en docentes universitarios, transformándose en un problema que afecta su salud de forma significativa. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre la regulación emocional y el tecnoestrés en docentes de educación superior a través de una revisión sistemática, la cual se realizó siguiendo los criterios Prisma-P. En este sentido, se encontraron 469 artículos en las bases de datos EBSCO, ProQuest y SCOPUS; después del proceso de cribado de la información se utilizaron 20 artículos para la revisión final. Entre los principales resultados se destaca que una eficiente regulación emocional es un inhibidor del tecnoestrés, pues permite potenciar la percepción de eficacia frente al uso de las TIC, contribuye a la satisfacción laboral y al desarrollo de la empatía. Finalmente, es fundamental que en los programas de capacitación en el uso de TIC no solo incluya conocimientos técnicos, sino que también se fomenten estrategias de regulación emocional para el manejo del estrés en el trabajo docente.

Abstract The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic has been related to technostress in university professors, becoming a problem that significantly affects their health. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between emotional regulation and technostress in higher education professors through a systematic review which was carried out following the Prisma-P criteria. In this way 469 articles were found in the EBSCO, ProQuest, and SCOPUS databases; subsequent to the information screening process, 20 articles were used for the final review. Among the main results, it is evident that efficient emotional regulation is an inhibitor of technostress, as it allows the perception of effectiveness in the use of ICT to be enhanced and it contributes to job satisfaction and the development of empathy. Finally, it is essential that training programmes in the use of ICT not only include technical knowledge and other education topics, but also promote emotional regulation strategies for stress management in teaching work.

Resumo O uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) antes, durante e após a pandemia da COVID-19 tem sido relacionado ao tecnoestresse em professores universitários, tornando-se um problema que afeta significativamente sua saúde. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre a regulação emocional e o tecnoestresse em professores do ensino superior por meio de uma revisão sistemática, que foi conduzida seguindo os critérios do Prisma-P. Nesse sentido, foram encontrados 469 artigos nos bancos de dados EBSCO, ProQuest e SCOPUS; após o processo de triagem das informações, 20 artigos foram utilizados para a revisão final. Entre os principais resultados, destaca-se que a regulação emocional eficiente é um inibidor do tecnoestresse, pois aumenta a percepção de eficácia no uso das TIC, contribui para a satisfação no trabalho e para o desenvolvimento da empatia. Por fim, é essencial que os programas de treinamento no uso das TIC não incluam apenas conhecimento técnico, mas também promovam estratégias de regulação emocional para o gerenciamento do estresse na profissão de professor.

Resumen. Los espacios verdes inmersos en los grandes centros urbanos sirven como refugios para la biodiversidad, reduciendo el impacto negativo que representa la urbanización. Con el objetivo de contribuir al conocimiento de la avifauna del centro de México, se determinó la diversidad de aves presente en el Parque Estatal Ecológico, Turístico y Recreativo Sierra Hermosa, que es un área periurbana de la Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México, adyacente al Aeropuerto Internacional Felipe Ángeles. Los datos fueron obtenidos realizando trabajo de campo durante 29 meses de muestreo entre 2019 y 2022. Se obtuvo un total de 199 especies de aves, agrupados en 46 familias y 17 órdenes; las familias que presentaron la mayor riqueza de especies fueron Tyrannidae (19) y Parulidae (14). Se encontraron 92 especies residentes, 95 migratorias y 12 introducidas. El grupo trófico más representativo fue de los insectívoros (115) y el hábitat con mayor riqueza de especies fue las edificaciones abandonadas con arbolado inducido (92). Se hallaron tres especies endémicas y seis bajo alguna categoría de riesgo de acuerdo con la NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010. Los resultados indican que es un sitio de gran importancia para la alimentación, refugio y reproducción para las poblaciones de aves residentes y migratorias que habitan en la periferia del área urbana, y que en el escenario local podría utilizarse para futuros estudios sobre rehabilitación, restauración y planificación territorial en el Valle de México.

Abstract. Greenspaces immersed in the large urban centers serve as shelters for biodiversity, reducing the negative impact of urbanization. To contribute to the knowledge of the avifauna of central Mexico, in the present study the bird diversity presents in the Sierra Hermosa Ecological, Tourist and Recreational State Park, a peri-urban area of the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City was determined, adjacent to the Felipe Ángeles International Airport. The data was obtained by carrying out field work over 29 months of sampling between 2019 and 2022. A total of 199 bird species were obtained, belonging to 46 families and 17 orders. The families that presented the highest species richness were Tyrannidae (19) and Parulidae (14). Ninety-two resident, 95 migratory and 12 introduced species were found. The most representative trophic group was that of insectivores (115) and the habitat with the highest species richness was abandoned buildings with induced trees (92). Three endemic species and six under some risk categories were found according to NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010. The results indicate that is a site of great importance for feeding, shelter, and reproduction for populations of resident and migratory birds that inhabit the periphery of the urban area, and that in the local scenario could be used for future research on rehabilitation, restoration, and territorial planning in the Valley of Mexico.

Abstract: Based on the philosophical work of Bolivar Echeverría that addresses the baroque and modernity, the neo-baroque of the Cuban writer Severo Sarduy can be read from another place of interpretation, that places him in the Latin American discussions related to modernity. The latter, understood as an expansive civilizing project in its capitalist version, sweeps away with the differences in an attempt to homogenize and unify ways of life. Against this onslaught the diverse and heterogeneous resist to the logic seeking to impose. The neo-baroque as an aesthetic proposal that calls itself revolutionary collects several elements that represent that resistance, one of them is the baroque crease: representative of the heterogeneous and of that which cannot be catched by the unity of capitalist modernity. The aim of this work is to analize sarduyan neo-baroque under the topic of modernity and a particular place of it: Latin American modernity. In this sense, neo-baroque will be understood as an aesthetic-political answer linked to a tradition of Latin American thought and, in a more particular way, Caribbean, where it coincides with the work of intelectuals as Aimé Césaire and Édouard Glissant.

Resumen: A partir de la obra del filosófica de Bolívar Echeverría -que aborda lo barroco y la modernidad-, el neobarroco del escritor cubano Severo Sarduy puede ser leído desde otro espacio de interpretación, el cual lo coloca en las discusiones latinoamericanas relativas a la modernidad. Esta última, entendida como proyecto civilizatorio expansivo en su versión capitalista, barre con las diferencias en un intento por homogeneizar y unificar los modos de vida. Ante esta acometida, lo diverso o heterogéneo se resiste a la lógica que busca imponerse. El neobarroco como propuesta estética, que se autodenomina como revolucionaria, recoge varios elementos que representan esa resistencia, uno de ellos es el pliegue barroco: representante de lo heterogéneo y de aquello que no se deja atrapar por la unidad de la modernidad capitalista. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el neobarroco sarduyano bajo la tópica de la modernidad, desde un espacio particular de ella: la modernidad latinoamericana. En este sentido, se comprenderá el neobarroco como una respuesta estético-política vinculada a una tradición de pensamiento latinoamericano y, de modo más particular, caribeño, donde coincide con la obra de intelectuales como Aimé Césaire y Édouard Glissant.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comparar el nivel de control del asma mediante el uso del Asthma Control Test (ACT) y manifestaciones clínicas en dos grupos de pacientes tratados con diferentes corticosteroides inhalados (GCI): fluticasona y beclometasona. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional, comparativo y prospectivo en 521 niños del programa de asma del Hospital III Yanahuara. Durante el periodo de junio de 2020 a diciembre de 2021, se evaluó el nivel de control del asma mediante consultas remotas utilizando el ACT y la recopilación de hallazgos clínicos. Los pacientes se agruparon según el tipo de GCI que se encontraban utilizando. Se registraron los datos en dos momentos diferentes para cada paciente, con un intervalo de 4 meses entre cada control, durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y se comparó el nivel de control mediante la puntuación obtenida en el ACT y las manifestaciones clínicas entre ambos grupos de pacientes en ambos momentos del estudio. Resultados . Ambos grupos tuvieron un control óptimo al inicio como al final del estudio. En las manifestaciones clínicas no hubo diferencia estadística (P > 0.05) a favor de ningún medicamento en ninguno de los dos controles. Sin embargo, en el segundo control (egreso) se encontró una diferencia significativa de la fluticasona frente a la beclometasona (p = 0.030). Conclusiones . Se encontró que la Fluticasona tuvo una superioridad en el nivel de control del asma frente a la beclometasona. Sin embargo, el factor determinante para lograr un buen control es el uso continuo de cualquier GCI.

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the level of asthma control using the Asthma Control Test (ACT) and clinical manifestations in two groups of patients treated with different inhaled corticosteroids (ICG): fluticasone and beclometasone. Materials and methods: An observational, comparative and prospective study was conducted in 521 children in the asthma program of Hospital III Yanahuara. During the period from June 2020 to December 2021, the level of asthma control was assessed by remote consultations using ACT and collection of clinical findings. Patients were grouped according to the type of ICG they were using. Data were recorded at two different time points for each patient, with a 4-month interval between each control, during the COVID-19 pandemic and the level of control was compared by ACT score and clinical manifestations between the two groups of patients at both time points of the study. Results: Both groups had optimal control at baseline and at the end of the study. In clinical manifestations there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05) in favor of either drug in either control. However, in the second control (discharge) a significant difference was found for fluticasone versus beclometasone (P = 0.030). Conclusions: Fluticasone was found to have superiority in the level of asthma control over beclomethasone. However, the determining factor in achieving good control is the continuous use of any IGC.

ABSTRACT Various studies have evaluated the use of electronic devices to automatically record the grazing behavior of dairy cows. Linking individual grazing behavior of dairy cows with the modifications in grazing behavior across the grazing session through the use of automatically registered indicators, would allow the development of decision-making tools in grazing management. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the use of the activity level (AL) recorded with an accelerometer during the grazing-down process of a pasture grazed by dairy cows as a possible criterion for decision-making related to grazing management. A completely randomized design was used to evaluate the AL of dairy cows in two contrasting pasture-based dairy production systems: A pasture-based system with high concentrate supplementation level and high herbage mass (HM), using high-yielding dairy cows (GRAZSUP), and a pasture-based system with minimal concentrate supplementation level and medium HM, using Holstein New Zealand strain (GRAZ). Pre-grazing HM was higher in GRAZSUP than in GRAZ (+750 kg DM ha-1), while forage removed was higher in GRAZ than in GRAZSUP (+1.9 kg DM cow-1 d-1). Although the production system influenced the characteristics of the pasture and the ingestive behavior of the dairy cows, when AL was evaluated as the proportion of the initial AL recorded at a time-point of the grazing-down process, there were no differences in each of the times evaluated. In conclusion, AL of grazing dairy cows was significantly affected during the grazing-down process, reflecting the modifications in grazing behavior across grazing session.

Resumen Este artículo ofrece un balance jurisprudencial sobre el trabajo en plataformas a través del análisis de 55 fallos de jueces alrededor del mundo y concluye que los jueces, mayoritariamente, han encontrado que existe una relación laboral entre domiciliarios y conductores y las empresas propietarias de las plataformas. En el texto sintetizamos los argumentos de las partes en los procesos judiciales, presentamos el material probatorio en el que se sustentan las sentencias y analizamos los argumentos utilizados por los jueces para declarar si existe (o no) una relación laboral. Para ofrecer distintas muestras del razonamiento jurídico realizado por los diferentes jueces, ofrecemos citas textuales de muchos de los fallos analizados. La revisión incluye cincuenta y cinco sentencias adoptadas por tribunales alrededor del mundo entre abril de 2016 y febrero de 2022.

Abstract This article presents a jurisprudential balance on work on platforms through the analysis of fifty-five decisions of judges around the world. It concludes that judges, for the most part, have found that there is an employment relationship between domiciliaries and drivers and the companies that own the platforms. In the text we synthesize the arguments of the parties in the judicial processes, we present the evidentiary material on which the sentences are based, and we analyze the arguments used by the judges to establish whether there is an employment relationship or not. To offer different samples of the legal reasoning embodied in the cases, we offer verbatim quotes from many of the rulings analyzed. The review includes fifty-five decisions adopted by courts around the world between April 2016 and February 2022.

Abstract Purpose: To describe the institutional experience of treatment with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in prostate cancer in the Mexican population of the Regional Hospital "Centenario de la Revolución Mexicana", ISSSTE, Morelos. Methods: A retrospective study of patients with prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy with moderate hypofractionation at doses of 70.2Gy in 26 fractions was performed, between January 2017 and January 2021. Results: 55 patients were included in the analysis, with a median follow-up of 20.7 months, biochemical control was 100%. Acute gastrointestinal toxicity grade 1 or less occurred in 87.3% of patients, grade 2: 9.1% y grade 3 in 3.6%; acute genitourinary toxicity grade 1 or less in 90.9%, grade 2: 7.3% and grade 3: 1.8%. Regarding chronic gastrointestinal toxicity grade 1 or less, it was 95.3%, grade 2: 4.8%, There have been no grade 3 or higher cases, chronic genitourinary toxicity grade 1 or less 90.5%, grade 2: 7.1%, grade 3: 2.4%. Conclusions: Moderate hypofractionation in prostate cancer in the Mexican population presents excellent biochemical control and an adequate toxicity profile.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The mental health of nursing students in times of COVID-19 has had diverse issues, which implies a challenge for training. Being an emerging matter, it is necessary to integrate in a unitary perspective the most relevant studies, to glimpse the immediate impacts of the pandemic and the actions that have been undertaken. Objective: To analyze the available scientific evidence on the mental health of nursing students in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Integrative review conducted during February and March 2021 in the databases Scopus, ScienceDirect, Lilacs, PubMed, CINHAL, Web of Science, SciELO and PsycINFO. The search equation included the terms Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): "Mental Health", "COVID-19" and "Students, Nursing", combined with the Boolean operator AND. We evaluated primary and secondary studies with different approaches or methodologies in Spanish, English or Portuguese, with full text availability, published up to the review date. Opinion articles and letters to the editor were excluded. From a total of 535 articles, 25 were included. Qualitative content analysis was performed. Conclusions: Immediate impacts on emotions, mood states and emotional disorders such as anxiety, stress and depression were identified; all mediated by social, biological and psychological determinants. Actions taken are related to coping strategies and institutional responses.

RESUMEN Introducción: La salud mental de los estudiantes de enfermería en tiempos de COVID-19 ha tenido diversas afectaciones, lo que implica un desafío para la formación. Por ser un tema emergente, es necesario integrar en una perspectiva unitaria los estudios más relevantes, para vislumbrar los impactos inmediatos de la pandemia y las acciones que se han emprendido. Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia científica disponible sobre la salud mental de estudiantes de enfermería en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19. Métodos: Revisión integrativa realizada durante febrero y marzo de 2021, en las bases de datos Scopus, ScienceDirect, Lilacs, PubMed, CINHAL, Web of Science, SciELO y PsycINFO. La ecuación de búsqueda incluyó los términos Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): “Mental Health”, “COVID-19” y “Students, Nursing”, combinados con el operador booleano AND. Se evaluaron estudios primarios y secundarios con diferentes enfoques o metodologías en idioma español, inglés o portugués, con disponibilidad de texto completo, publicados hasta la fecha de revisión. Se excluyeron artículos de opinión y cartas al editor. De un total de 535 artículos, se incluyeron 25. Se realizó análisis de contenido cualitativo. Conclusiones: Se identificaron impactos inmediatos en las emociones, estados de ánimo y trastornos emocionales como ansiedad, estrés y depresión; todos ellos mediados por determinantes sociales, biológicos y psicológicos. Las acciones emprendidas están relacionadas con estrategias de afrontamiento y respuestas institucionales.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The aim of this study is to correlate the number of days of hospital stay with the neutrophil-lymphocyte index (NLI) as a biomarker in patients diagnosed with Ludwig's angina who were admitted to the emergency department. Patients and methods: A search was conducted in the hospital's medical records, where only those with a diagnosis of Ludwig's angina from June 2016 to June 2020 and that met the selection criteria were obtained. Afterwards, sociodemographic data, days of hospitalization, hematological parameters, and values of neutrophils and lymphocytes were collected for subsequent statistical analysis. Results: We obtained 21 patients (9 females and 12 males). The average age was 43.1 years (range: 27-70 years). The variable of days of hospitalization was transformed into: short hospital stay for patients who were hospitalized for 5 days or less, and long hospital stay for patients who were hospitalized for 6 days or more. For the NLI, a high index was considered for patients with an NLI ≥ 6 and a low index for patients with an NLI ≤ 5, taking into account the cut-off point with respect to previously conducted studies. We observed that patients with a high NLI had a long hospital stay and according to the results, we obtained statistical significance (p = 0.02). Conclusions: The NLI appears to be a good biomarker for predicting the number of days of hospital stay for patients with Ludwig's angina. However, more studies are needed to confirm our results.

RESUMEN Introducción: El objetivo del presente estudio es correlacionar los días de estancia hospitalaria con el índice neutrófilo-linfocitico (INL) como biomarcador, en los pacientes con diagnóstico de angina de Ludwig que fueron admitidos en urgencias. Pacientes y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en los expedientes clínicos del hospital, donde solo se obtuvieron los que tenían diagnóstico de angina de Ludwig desde junio de 2016 hasta junio de 2020, y que cumplieran con los criterios de selección. Posteriormente se recabaron los datos sociodemográficos, días de hospitalización, biometría hemática y valores de neutrófilos y linfocitos para su posterior análisis estadístico. Resultados: Obtuvimos 21 pacientes (9 mujeres y 12 hombres). La edad promedio fue de 43,1 años (rango: 27-70 años). Se transformó la variable de días de hospitalización: en corta estancia hospitalaria aquellos pacientes que estuvieron hospitalizados 5 días o menos; y los de larga estancia hospitalaria aquellos pacientes que estuvieron hospitalizados 6 días o más, para el INL se consideró un índice alto aquellos pacientes que se encontraran con un INL ≥ 6 y un índice bajo aquellos pacientes con un índice ≤ 5, tomando en cuenta el punto de corte con respecto a estudios previamente realizados. Se observó que aquellos pacientes con un INL alto tuvieron una estancia hospitalaria larga, y de acuerdo con los resultados obtuvimos significación estadística (p = 0,02). Conclusiones: El INL parece ser un buen biomarcador para predecir los días de estancia hospitalaria de los pacientes con angina de Ludwig. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios para confirmar nuestros resultados.

Resumen: La versión más extendida del resurgimiento del barroco a inicios del siglo XX sitúa a la Generación del 27 como el origen de este fenómeno. El presente artículo tiene como finalidad articular otra versión escasamente comentada en la cual los trabajos de Alfonso Reyes y Pedro Henríquez Ureña son centrales. Sus lecturas sobre el barroco de Góngora, así como de la obra de Bernardo de Balbuena, Juan Ruiz de Alarcón y Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, derivaron de una reinterpretación heterodoxa de la tradición barroca, alejada de un hispanismo tradicionalista. El trabajo de ambos puede comprenderse como un movimiento de contraposición y apropiación que permitió a la postre una renovación del barroco en Latinoamérica. La presencia del barroco en la obra del mexicano y el dominicano fue clave dentro de su proyecto intelectual, definido por un hispanismo que se decantó hacia un americanismo.

Abstract: The most extended version of the re-emergence of the Baroque at the beginnings of XX century locates the Generation of ‘27 as the origin of this phenomenon. This article pretends to articulate another version, rarely discussed, in which the works of Alfonso Reyes and Pedro Henríquez Ureña are central. Their readings about Gongora’s Baroque, as well as the works of Bernardo de Balbuena, Juan Ruiz de Alarcón y Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz derived from a heterodox reinterpretation of the baroque tradition, away from a traditionalist Hispanism. The work of both authors can be understood as a contraposition and appropriation movement that ensured, in the longer term, a revival of the Baroque in Latin America. The presence of the Baroque in the works of both the Mexican and the Dominican authors was key within their intellectual project defined by a Hispanism that leaned towards Americanism.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is the most common disease in preterm infants with very low birth weight. Objective: Establish lung function in children aged 6 to 12 years with a history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in a high altitude city. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in the EsSalud-Arequipa Network, including children with a history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia between 2007-2012, with gestational age at birth of 28 to 32 weeks and of both sexes, which were compared in a 2:1 ratio with children without a history of respiratory affection attended in an outpatient pediatric consultation, and matched by age, sex and size. A spirometry was performed to find the forced vital capacity, expiratory volume in the first second, peak expiratory flow, meso-flows, the ratio of expiratory volume in the first second/ forced vital capacity and flows at 25, 50 and 75% of the forced vital capacity. Results: An incidence of 104 children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia was found in the period 2007-2012, and a work was perfomed with 18 children and their 36 respective controls. In the comparison of their results there was a significant difference (p<0.050) in the meso-flows and in all expiratory flows. In addition, after analyzing the ratio of expiratory volume in the first second / forced vital capacity, 4 cases with obstructive spirometric pattern were found. Conclusions: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in a city located at 2335 meters above sea level has a tendency to cause, from the point of view of lung function, an obstructive spirometric pattern, especially at the level of the small airway.

RESUMEN Introducción: La displasia broncopulmonar es la enfermedad más frecuente en neonatos prematuros con muy bajo peso al nacer. Objetivo: Establecer la función pulmonar en niños de 6 a 12 años de edad con antecedente de displasia broncopulmonar en una ciudad de altura. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en la Red EsSalud-Arequipa, se incluyeron niños con antecedente de displasia broncopulmonar entre los años 2007-2012, con edad gestacional al nacimiento de 28 a 32 semanas y de ambos sexos, los cuales se compararon en relación 2:1 con niños sin antecedentes de afección respiratoria atendidos en consulta externa de pediatría, emparejados por edad, sexo y talla. Se realizó una espirometría para hallar la capacidad vital forzada, volumen espiratorio en el primer segundo, flujo espiratorio pico, meso flujos, la relación volumen espiratorio en el primer segundo/capacidad vital forzada y los flujos al 25, 50 y 75 % de la capacidad vital forzada. Resultados: Se halló una incidencia de 104 niños con displasia broncopulmonar en el periodo 2007-2012, se trabajó con 18 niños y sus 36 controles respectivos. En la comparación de sus resultados hubo diferencia significativa (p<0,050) en los meso flujos y en todos los flujos espiratorios; además, tras analizar la relación volumen espiratorio en el primer segundo/capacidad vital forzada se halló 4 casos con patrón espirométrico obstructivo. Conclusiones: La displasia broncopulmonar en una ciudad situada a 2335 msnm tiene tendencia a provocar, desde el punto de vista de la función pulmonar, un patrón espirométrico obstructivo, especialmente a nivel de la vía aérea pequeña.

Resumo: Os métodos de geocodificação automática se tornaram populares nos últimos anos para facilitar o estudo da associação entre desfechos de saúde e lugar de residência. Entretanto, poucos estudos avaliaram a qualidade da geocodificação, e a maioria dos estudos existentes foi realizada nos Estados Unidos e Europa. O estudo teve como objetivo comparar a qualidade de três ferramentas de geocodificação eletrônica automática em relação a um método de referência. Foi geocodificada uma subamostra de 300 endereços anotados à mão em prontuários hospitalares, usando Bing, Google Earth e Google Maps. As taxas de correspondência dos registros foram mais altas (> 80%) com Google Maps e Google Earth, comparado com Bing. Entretanto, a acurácia dos endereços foi melhor com Bing, com uma proporção maior (> 70%) de endereços com erros de localização menores que 20 metros. Em geral, o desempeno não variou para cada método de acordo com condição socioeconômica. Os métodos apresentaram desempenho geral aceitável, porém heterogêneo. Os resultados servem de alerta contra o uso de métodos automáticos sem avaliar a qualidade em outras cidades, particularmente no Chile e no resto da América Latina.

Abstract: Automatic geocoding methods have become popular in recent years, facilitating the study of the association between health outcomes and the place of living. However, rather few studies have evaluated geocoding quality, with most of them being performed in the US and Europe. This article aims to compare the quality of three automatic online geocoding tools against a reference method. A subsample of 300 handwritten addresses from hospital records was geocoded using Bing, Google Earth, and Google Maps. Match rates were higher (> 80%) for Google Maps and Google Earth compared with Bing. However, the accuracy of the addresses was better for Bing with a larger proportion (> 70%) of addresses with positional errors below 20m. Generally, performance did not vary for each method for different socioeconomic status. Overall, the methods showed an acceptable, but heterogeneous performance, which may be a warning against the use of automatic methods without assessing quality in other municipalities, particularly in Chile and Latin America.

Resumen: Los métodos automáticos de geocodificación se han convertido en algo popular durante los últimos años para facilitar el estudio de la asociación entre resultados de salud y lugar para vivir. No obstante, más bien pocos estudios han evaluado la calidad de la geocodificación, siendo realizados la mayoría de ellos en EE.UU. y Europa. El objetivo de este artículo es comparar la calidad de tres herramientas automáticas de geocodificación en línea frente a un método de referencia. La submuestra de 300 direcciones escritas a mano, procedentes del registro hospitalario, se geocodificaron usando Bing, Google Earth y Google Maps. Los porcentajes de coincidencia fueron mayores (> 80%) en el caso de Google Maps y Google Earth comparados con Bing. Sin embargo, la precisión de las direcciones fue mejor con Bing, en una proporción más grande (> 70%) de direcciones que tenían errores de posición por debajo de 20m. En general, el rendimiento no varió en cada método para diferentes niveles estatus socioeconómico. En general, los métodos mostraron un rendimiento aceptable, pero heterogéneo. Esto previene contra el uso de métodos automáticos sin evaluar la calidad en otras ciudades, particularmente en Chile y Latinoamérica.