Abstract Fermentation in a solid medium is a technique used for the production of chitin, pigments, proteins and lipids. In the present work, changes in the chemical and microbiological composition were evaluated in micro silages of shrimp (Litopeneus vanamei) and grasshopper (Sphenarium purpurascens) exoskeletons, fermented with a commercial inoculum of Lactobacillus plantarum AVG-112. The amount of molasses for fermentation, proximal composition and microbiological count of the silages, were determined. The waste was mixed with sugarcane molasses as a carbon source and inoculated using a commercial strain (Lactobacillus plantarum AVG-112). After 5 days of fermentation, both silages presented acceptable physical and chemical characteristics. Total coliforms, molds and yeasts were not present and were inhibited by the ensiling process. We concluded that fermentation in a solid medium has suitable characteristics for use as a food supplement for aquatic organisms.

Resumen La fermentación en medio sólido es una técnica utilizada para la producción de quitina, pigmentos, proteínas y lípidos. En el presente trabajo se evaluaron los cambios en la composición química y microbiológica en micro ensilados de exoesqueletos de camarón (Litopeneus vanamei) y chapulín (Sphenarium purpurascens) fermentados con un inoculo comercial de Lactobacillus plantarum AVG-112. Se determinó la cantidad de melaza para la fermentación, la composición proximal y la cuenta microbiológica de los ensilados. Los desechos se mezclaron con melaza de caña de azúcar como fuente de carbono y se inoculó usando una cepa comercial (Lactobacillus plantarum AVG-112). A los 5 d de fermentación ambos ensilados presentaron características físicas y químicas aceptables. Los coliformes totales, mohos y levaduras no estuvieron presentes siendo inhibidos por el proceso de ensilaje. Concluimos que la fermentación en medio sólido tiene características adecuadas para su utilización como suplemento en alimentos para organismos acuáticos.

RESUMEN La Ecorregión Litoral Central abarca una superficie de 26.310 km2, representando aproximadamente el 10 % de los pastizales utilizados para la producción ganadera. La Ecorregión presenta en áreas abiertas, un estrato herbáceo de poáceas, que son utilizados para la alimentación del ganado vacuno. La incidencia de malezas de la subfamilia Mimosoidea en estas áreas constituye una gran competencia para los pastizales debido a su crecimiento arbustivo espinoso o enmarañado que dificultan el acceso del ganado al forraje. El objetivo de este trabajo fue la identificación, descripción botánica, distribución de especies de la subfamilia Mimosoidea con incidencia dañina en los pastizales destinados a la producción ganadera en la Ecorregión Litoral Central del Paraguay. Para ello, se colectaron plantas de la subfamilia Mimosoidea en pastizales destinados a la producción ganadera, durante los meses de setiembre del año 2022 a enero del año 2023, georreferenciando las mismas. Las muestras fueron identificadas y depositadas en el Herbario FCQ, del Departamento de Botánica de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas (FCQ) de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción (Material de Referencia). La identificación se realizó siguiendo las claves taxonómicas y por comparación con ejemplares de la colección botánica FCQ. Se tomaron fotografías de las especies y se elaboró una clave de la identificación. Se identificaron 7 especies de mimosas, pertenecientes a la subfamilia Mimosoidea, siendo 4 de ellas de porte arbustivo espinoso, 1 subarbustivo espinoso y 2 subarbustivos inermes, que constituyén una gran competencia para las pasturas.

ABSTRACT The Central Littoral Ecoregion covers an area of 26,310 km2, representing approximately 10% of the grasslands used for livestock production). The Ecoregion presents, in open areas, herbaceous layer of grasses, which are used for cattle feed. The incidence of weeds of the Mimosoidea subfamily in these areas, constitutes a great competition for grasslands due to their thorny or tangled shrub growth that hinders livestock access to forage. The objective of this work was the identification, botanical description, and distribution of species of the Mimosoidea subfamily with harmful incidence in grasslands intended for livestock production in the Central Coastal Ecoregion of Paraguay. To this end, plants of the Mimosoidea subfamily were collected in grasslands intended for livestock production, during the months of September 2022 to January 2023, georeferencing them. The samples were identified and deposited in the FCQ Herbarium, of the Department of Botany of the Faculty of Chemical Sciences (FCQ) of the National University of Asunción (Reference Material). The identification was carried out following the taxonomic keys and by comparison with specimens from the FCQ botanical collection. Photographs of the species were taken and an identification key was drawn up. Seven species of mimosa were identified, belonging to the subfamily Mimosoidea, 4 of which were spiny shrubby, 1 spiny sub-shrubby and 2 spineless sub-shrubs, which constituted a great competition for pastures.

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the relationship between the level of quality of life and the level of overload in family caregivers. Method: Descriptive-correlational design, the sampling was simple random probabilistic and the sample of 100 primary caregivers. Results: The average age was 46.65 (DE= 14,050), 70% are female, with an average of 7.52 hours per day dedicated to care (DE= 6,820). 75% of the participants did not present it. Likewise, there are negative and significant correlations between overload and physical well-being (r= -.337; p <.001), psychological well-being (r= -.388; p <.001), social well-being (r= - .287; p <.001) and spiritual well-being (r= -.246; p= .014). Conclusion: The overload in family caregivers is related to the quality of life in the study participants.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el nivel de calidad de vida y el nivel de sobrecarga en cuidadores familiares. Método: Diseño descriptivo-correlacional, el muestreo fue probabilístico aleatorio simple y la muestra de 100 cuidadores primarios. Resultados: La media de edad fue 46.65 (DE= 14.050), 70 % eran del sexo femenino, con una media de horas al día dedicadas al cuidado de 7.52 horas (DE = 6.820). El 75% de los participantes no presentó sobrecarga. Así mismo, se encontraron correlaciones negativas y significativas entre la sobrecarga y el bienestar físico (r= -.337; p <.001), el bienestar psicológico (r= -.388; p <.001), el bienestar social (r= -.287; p <.001) y bienestar espiritual (r= -.246; p= .014). Conclusión: La sobrecarga en cuidadores familiares se relaciona con la calidad de vida en los participantes del estudio.

SUMMARY BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy with doxorubicin may lead to left ventricular dysfunction. There is a controversial recommendation that biomarkers can predict ventricular dysfunction, which is one of the most feared manifestations of anthracycline cardiotoxicity. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of biomarkers such as Troponin I, type B natriuretic peptide, creatine phosphokinase fraction MB, and myoglobin in predicting cardiotoxicity in a cohort of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy with anthracycline. METHODS: This is an observational, prospective, longitudinal, unicentric study, which included 40 women with breast cancer, whose therapeutic proposal included treatment with doxorubicin. The protocol had a clinical follow-up of 12 months. Biomarkers such as Troponin I, type B natriuretic peptide, creatine phosphokinase fraction MB, and myoglobin were measured pre-chemotherapy and after the first, third, fourth, and sixth cycles of chemotherapy. RESULTS: There was a progressive increase in type B natriuretic peptide and myoglobin values in all chemotherapy cycles. Although creatine phosphokinase fraction MB showed a sustained increase, this increase was not statistically significant. Troponin, type B natriuretic peptide, myoglobin, and creatine phosphokinase fraction MB were the cardiotoxicity markers with the earliest changes, with a significant increase after the first chemotherapy session. However, they were not able to predict cardiotoxicity. CONCLUSION: Troponin I, type B natriuretic peptide, myoglobin, and creatine phosphokinase fraction MB are elevated during chemotherapy with doxorubicin, but they were not able to predict cardiotoxicity according to established clinical and echocardiographic criteria. The incidence of subclinical cardiotoxicity resulting from the administration of doxorubicin was 12.5%. BACKGROUND dysfunction OBJECTIVE I METHODS observational prospective longitudinal 4 followup follow up 1 months prechemotherapy pre third fourth RESULTS changes session However CONCLUSION criteria 125 5 12.5% 12.5 12.

Abstract Haemonchus contortus is an important parasite in sheep and the abuse of anti-helminthics has resulted in a rapid resistance. Little is known about the abomasal microbiota in sheep and the relation to local parasitism. This study aimed to identify bacteria in the abomasum of sheep, through the abomasal content, abomasal mucosa, and adult H. contortus parasites, in high and low parasitism. Eight sheep naturally infected with H. contortus were classified as high (n = 4) and low infection (n = 4). Samples of abomasal contents, abomasal mucosa, and adult H. contortus parasites were collected. Samples were pooled to form six groups, three in each level of parasitism: high infection/abomasal contents (HC), high infection/mucosa (HM), high infection/parasites (HP); low infection/abomasal contents (LC), low infection/mucosa (LM), and low infection/parasites (LP). Molecular identification of bacteria was performed by the amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene. A similar distribution of phyla was observed between pools HC/LC and HP/LP. For pools HM/LM, there was a significant difference (p = 0.01) in the proportion of phyla observed. The bacterial phyla predominant for libraries HC/LC were Firmicutes (82% and 62%) and Bacteroidetes (10.4% and 17.6%); for HM/LM, Firmicutes (76.9% and 56%) and Proteobacteria (10.2% and 38.4%); and for HP/LP, Proteobacteria (42.8% and 55%) and Firmicutes (31.6% and 40%). We observed differences about the samples analyzed, suggesting that there are various bacterial communities closely associated with the different materials analyzed, even from the close environment. antihelminthics anti helminthics resistance parasitism content mucosa H n 4 4. . collected groups infectionabomasal HC, HC , (HC) infectionmucosa HM, HM (HM) infectionparasites HP (HP) LC, LC (LC) LM, LM (LM) LP. LP (LP) S gene HCLC HPLP HP/LP HMLM HM/LM p 0.01 001 0 01 82% 82 (82 62% 62 10.4% 104 10 (10.4 17.6% 176 17 6 17.6%) 76.9% 769 76 9 (76.9 56% 56 10.2% 102 2 (10.2 38.4% 384 38 38.4%) 42.8% 428 42 8 (42.8 55% 55 31.6% 316 31 (31.6 40%. 40 40% 40%) analyzed environment (HC (HM (HP (LC (LM (LP 0.0 00 (8 10.4 1 (10. 17.6 76.9 7 (76. 5 10.2 38.4 3 42.8 (42. 31.6 (31. 0. ( 10. (10 17. 76. (76 38. 42. (42 31. (31 (1 (7 (4 (3

RESUMEN Introducción: La epidemiología es una disciplina científica que estudia las distribuciones y los determinantes de un estado o evento relacionados con la salud y la aplicación de esos estudios al control de la enfermedad y otros problemas de salud. Objetivo: Describir los aspectos que han caracterizado la formación de los especialistas en Higiene y Epidemiología en Cuba. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un análisis documental que posibilitó el estudio de las normas, plan de estudio, resoluciones como aspecto esencial en la conformación del sustento teórico de la investigación y estudio histórico-lógico que permitió estudiar las tendencias históricas en la evolución de la formación del especialista en Higiene y Epidemiología, así como una sistematización de la obra de diferentes autores relacionada con la formación de la especialidad. Desarrollo: Se trataron aspectos teóricos relacionados con la docencia de posgrado, la integración docencia-servicios, las nuevas transformaciones y la calidad en el proceso educativo. Se ofreció información de los antecedentes en la formación de higienistas y epidemiólogos, de elementos que caracterizan sus planes de estudio y se analizó el significado que tiene para el servicio asumir la formación acelerada de especialistas capaces de desempeñarse como salubristas ante complejos problemas de salud. Conclusiones: La evolución histórica de la formación de los especialistas en Higiene y Epidemiología ha estado en correspondencia con los nuevos retos y problemas higiénicos y epidemiológicos, y la pertinencia que reclama el sistema de salud cubano; se evidencia en el desarrollo de un profesional que contribuye a elevar la calidad de los servicios que se ofrece a la población.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Epidemiology is a scientific discipline that encompasses the doctrines and administrative determinations of a state or event related to societal health and the application of those domains to the control of illness and other problems in the medical realm. Objective: To describe the aspects that have characterized the training of specialists in Hygiene and Epidemiology in the country. Material and Methods: A documentary analysis and scientific study was carried out on the historical evolution of the training that was instituted in order to certify Hygiene and Epidemiology specialists. In addition, a review of the training stages for these health professionals was characterized along with the attention paid to unique qualities of the respective curriculum. Development: Theoretical aspects related to postgraduate teaching, teaching-service integration, transformative strategies and the institution of quality measures into the educational process were discussed. Information about the backgrounds for the training of hygienists and epidemiologists as well as the elements that characterize the study plans for these healthcare providers was given. Also, the significance of their diligence in obtaining an accelerated certification and eventually acting as promoters of health and wellbeing confronting complex problems of medical care and health in society was analyzed. Conclusions: Some key points have been mentioned to assure the quality of the Epidemiology and Public Health training and certification processes. However, with sound approaches and lofty goals, great success for Epidemiology and Public Health will be assured.

ABSTRACT The objectives of this work were to estimate the genetic parameters for the traits longevity (LG) and accumulated milk yield at 305 days (MY305) using a bitrait animal model and the single-step GBLUP method and estimate the genetic gain for LG through direct and indirect selection for MY305. We used 4,057 records of first lactations of Murrah dairy buffaloes, collected between 1987 and 2020, belonging to six Brazilian herds located in the states Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, and São Paulo and 960 animals genotyped using the 90K Axiom Buffalo Genotyping (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, CA) to estimate the genetic parameters. The heritability estimate was 0.25 for MY305 and 0.13 for LG. The genetic gain for LG was 0.13 months under direct selection, and 0.14 months under indirect selection, which results in a relative selection efficiency of 11% under selection for MY305 compared with the direct selection. The genetic correlation between the two traits was 0.77, indicating that animals with genetic potential for high MY305 tend to live longer. The genetic trends for MY305 and LG were 0.22 kg/year and 5.20 days/year, respectively, indicating a positive response, which reaffirms its relationship with the high genetic correlation between the two traits. (LG 30 MY (MY305 singlestep single step 4057 4 057 4,05 buffaloes 198 2020 Ceará Norte 96 K Thermo Scientific Clara CA 025 0 25 0.2 MY30 013 13 0.1 014 14 11 077 77 0.77 longer 022 22 kgyear kg year 520 5 20 5.2 daysyear days/year respectively response 3 (MY30 405 05 4,0 19 202 9 02 2 0. MY3 01 1 07 7 0.7 52 5. (MY3 40 4, (MY

Abstract Objective: To identify and assess the current evidence available about the costs of managing hospitalized pediatric patients diagnosed with Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 (PIV3) in upper-middle-income countries. Methods: The authors conducted a systematic review across seven key databases from database inception to July 2022. Costs extracted were converted into 2022 International Dollars using the Purchasing Power Parity-adjusted. PROSPERO identifier: CRD42020225757. Results: No eligible study for PIV3 was recovered. For RSV, cost analysis and COI studies were performed for populations in Colombia, China, Malaysia, and Mexico. Comparing the total economic impact, the lowest cost per patient at the pediatric ward was observed in Malaysia ($ 347.60), while the highest was in Colombia ($ 709.66). On the other hand, at pediatric ICU, the lowest cost was observed in China ($ 1068.26), while the highest was in Mexico ($ 3815.56). Although there is no consensus on the major cost driver, all included studies described that the medications (treatment) consumed over 30% of the total cost. A high rate of inappropriate prescription drugs was observed. Conclusion: The present study highlighted how RSV infection represents a substantial economic burden to health care systems and to society. The findings of the included studies suggest a possible association between baseline risk status and expenditures. Moreover, it was observed that an important amount of the cost is destinated to treatments that have no evidence or support in most clinical practice guidelines. Objective (RSV PIV (PIV3 uppermiddleincome upper middle income countries Methods 202 Parityadjusted. Parityadjusted Parity adjusted. adjusted Parity-adjusted identifier CRD42020225757 CRD Results recovered impact $ ( 347.60, 34760 347.60 , 347 60 347.60) 709.66. 70966 709.66 . 709 66 709.66) hand ICU 1068.26, 106826 1068.26 1068 26 1068.26) 3815.56. 381556 3815.56 3815 56 3815.56) driver treatment (treatment 30 Conclusion society expenditures Moreover guidelines (PIV 20 CRD4202022575 3476 347.6 34 6 7096 709.6 70 10682 1068.2 106 2 38155 3815.5 381 5 CRD420202257 347. 709. 7 1068. 10 3815. 38 CRD42020225 1 CRD4202022 CRD420202 CRD42020 CRD4202 CRD420 CRD42 CRD4

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar en el genoma de Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), proteínas de membrana externa con potencial para el desarrollo y optimización de un método de detección inmunoenzimático. El estudio se realizó durante 2019 y se utilizó el servidor web Predict Protein, así como las bases de datos HhPred/HhSearch y Pfam. Se detectaron 52 proteínas de membrana externa en el genoma completo de CLas, de las cuales, 11 no habían sido caracterizadas previamente. Los análisis predictivos realizados en la proteína B8Y674 generaron ocho posibles epítopos y cuatro de ellos evaluados experimentalmente en células B, mostraron porcentajes de identidad entre 80 a 90%. Se detectó a CLas mediante PCR-punto final a partir del ADN extraído de limón mexicano con síntomas de Huanglongbing utilizando iniciadores diseñados sobre la secuencia del gen Omp que codifica para la proteína B8Y674 y se registró 95% de identidad entre las secuencias generadas y secuencias de CLas previamente reportadas. Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten inferir que la proteína B8Y674 es un candidato potencial para ser utilizada en la detección inmunoenzimática de CLas.

Abstract The objective of this work was to identify outer membrane proteins in the genome of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) with potential for the development and optimization of an immunoenzymatic detection method. The study was conducted during 2019, and the Predict Protein web server, as well as the HhPred/HhSearch and Pfam databases, were used. Fifty-two outer membrane proteins were detected in the complete genome of CLas, of which 11 had not been previously characterized. Predictive analyses performed on the protein B8Y674 generated eight possible epitopes and four of them, experimentally evaluated in B cells, showed percentages of identity between 80 to 90%. CLas was detected by endpoint PCR from DNA extracted from Mexican lime with symptoms of Huanglongbing using primers designed on the sequence of the Omp gene encoding the protein B8Y674 and 95% identity was recorded between the generated sequences and sequences of CLas previously reported. The results obtained allow us to infer that the protein B8Y674 is a potential candidate to be used in the immunoenzymatic detection of CLas.

Abstract Monitoring meteorological variables is essential in studying plant biophysical processes such as the development and growth, capture and retention of water, increase of nutrients and use of environmental services. The objective of this work was to propose a meteorological monitoring system based on the analysis of the natural environment to provide a representative database. The proposal was developed in Zoquiapan Experimental Forest Station, central Mexico. Methods include the representativeness of the biophysical conditions in a semi-cold temperate forest in central Mexico. First, maps of geoforms, climate and vegetation were generated to delimit the homogeneous cartographic landscape units. Subsequently, utilizing location criteria, three cartographic units were selected to establish three meteorological stations. The monitoring system has two Davis Instruments automatic stations and another with an Arduino open-source microcontroller. Data is recovered monthly on a laptop with a USB cable. Before the installation of the stations, the sensors were subjected to a comparison with a reference station. It was shown that the data of the first days of operation revealed differences in the climate between the units concluding that locating the stations on an altitudinal trajectory can contribute to relating the climate with different vegetation and geoforms.

Resumen El monitoreo de variables meteorológicas es importante para el estudio de procesos biofísicos como el desarrollo y crecimiento de plantas, captura y retención de agua, aumento de nutrientes y aprovechamiento de servicios ambientales. El objetivo del estudio fue proponer un sistema de monitoreo meteorológico a partir del análisis del medio natural que proporcione una base de datos representativa. La propuesta se desarrolló en la Estación Forestal Experimental Zoquiapan, en el centro de México. El método incluyó la representatividad de las condiciones biofísicas en un bosque con clima templado semifrío. Primero, se generaron mapas de geoformas, clima y vegetación para delimitar las unidades cartográficas homogéneas de paisaje. Posteriormente, mediante criterios de emplazamiento, se seleccionaron tres unidades cartográficas para el establecimiento de tres estaciones meteorológicas. Los resultados incluyeron la caracterización del paisaje, así como la propuesta para establecer las estaciones meteorológicas. El sistema se integró con dos estaciones automáticas Davis Instruments y otra que opera con microcontrolador de código abierto Arduino. Los datos se recuperan mensualmente en una computadora portátil con cable USB. Antes de la instalación de las estaciones, las mediciones dadas por los sensores se compararon con los valores de una estación de referencia. Los datos de los primeros días de operación revelaron diferencias en las variables de las unidades de paisaje, y se concluye que ubicar las estaciones en una trayectoria altitudinal puede contribuir a relacionar el clima con diferente vegetación y geoformas.

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de Blastocystis sp. en niños residentes de la ciudad de Reynosa, Tamaulipas, México. Material y Método: Estudio transversal que incluyó 238 muestras de heces de niños con edad de 5 a 12 años de escuelas primarias de la ciudad de Reynosa, Tamaulipas, México. Resultados: Del total de muestras, el 13,8% tuvo presencia de Blastocystis sp.; siendo este el más prevalente dentro de los parásitos encontrados; también se re porta la presencia de Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, Giardia intestinalis y Enterobius vermicularis. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de Blastocystis en zonas de México es poco conocida; sin embargo, los estudios en diversas partes del mundo sugieren un aumento, por lo que es importante determinar la presencia y su relación como patógeno u oportunista humano.

Abstract Objective: To determine the prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in children living in the city of Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Material y Method: Cross-sectional study that included 238 stool samples from children aged 5 to 12 years from elementary schools in the city of Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Results: Of the total number of samples, 13.8% showed the presence of Blastocystis spp., being the most prevalent among the parasites found; the presence of Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, Giardia intestinalis and Enterobius vermicularis was also reported. Conclusions: The prevalence of Blastocystis in areas of Mexico is poorly known; however, studies in various parts of the world suggest an increase, so it is important to determine the presence and its relationship as a human pathogen or opportunist.

Abstract The objective of this work was to validate the reliability and statistical validity of the NOM-035-STPS-2018, specifically in the domain Relations at work. Methodologically, Reference Guide III was applied to collect data through non-probabilistic sampling in three automotive companies in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico. In total, 250 supervisors responded to the instrument. First, reliability was verified using Cronbach's alpha and ordinal alpha. Subsequently, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett test was performed. Among the results, the Relationships at work domain obtained a Cronbach's alpha of 0.913, while the dimensions "Social relationships at work" and "Poor relationship with the collaborators supervised" obtained values of this indicator of 0.879 and 0.975, respectively. On the other hand, the ordinal alpha obtained values higher than 0.90 in both dimensions. The KMO obtained was 0.838 and the Bartlett test was found to be significant (p = 0.000). Consequently, the exploratory factor analysis extracted the two factors proposed by the standard. These factors contribute to 79.11 % of the accumulated variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit of the model. In conclusion, the instrument and the proposed dimensions can be used as an evaluation tool to measure the psychosocial factor Relations at work (domain of NOM-035), since they show acceptable values in terms of statistical reliability.

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue validar la confiabilidad y validez estadística de la NOM-035-STPS-2018, en específico del dominio Relaciones en el trabajo. Metodológicamente, se aplicó la Guía de Referencia III para recopilar datos mediante un muestreo no probabilístico en tres compañías automotrices de Ciudad Juárez, México. En total, 250 supervisores respondieron el instrumento. En primer lugar, se verificó la confiabilidad mediante el alfa de Cronbach y alfa ordinal. Posteriormente se realizó la prueba de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) y Bartlett. Entre los resultados, el dominio Relaciones en el trabajo obtuvo un alfa de Cronbach de 0.913, mientras que las dimensiones “Relaciones sociales en el trabajo” y “Deficiente relación con los colaboradores que supervisa” obtuvieron valores de este indicador de 0.879 y 0.975, respectivamente. Por otro lado, el alfa ordinal obtuvo valores superiores a 0.90 en las dos dimensiones. El KMO obtenido fue de 0.838 y la prueba de Bartlett resultó ser significativa (p = 0.000). En consecuencia, el análisis factorial exploratorio extrajo los dos factores propuestos por la norma. Dichos factores contribuyen a 79.11 % de la varianza acumulada. El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró un buen ajuste del modelo. En conclusión, el instrumento y las dimensiones propuestas pueden ser utilizados como herramienta de evaluación para medir el factor psicosocial Relaciones en el trabajo (dominio de la NOM-035), ya que muestran valores aceptables en términos de confiabilidad estadística.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi validar a confiabilidade e validade estatística da NOM-035-STPS-2018, especificamente no domínio Relações no trabalho. Metodologicamente, o Guia de Referência III foi aplicado para coletar dados por meio de amostragem não probabilística em três empresas automotivas em Ciudad Juárez, México. No total, 250 supervisores responderam ao instrumento. Primeiramente, a confiabilidade foi verificada por meio do alfa de Cronbach e alfa ordinal. Posteriormente, foi realizado o teste de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) e de Bartlett. Dentre os resultados, o domínio Relacionamentos no trabalho obteve alfa de Cronbach de 0,913, enquanto as dimensões “Relacionamentos sociais no trabalho” e “Relação ruim com os colaboradores supervisionados” obtiveram valores desse indicador de 0,879 e 0,975, respectivamente. Por outro lado, o alfa ordinal obteve valores superiores a 0,90 em ambas as dimensões. O KMO obtido foi de 0,838 e o teste de Bartlett foi significativo (p = 0,000). Consequentemente, a análise fatorial exploratória extraiu os dois fatores propostos pela norma. Esses fatores contribuem com 79,11% da variância acumulada. A análise fatorial confirmatória mostrou um bom ajuste do modelo. Em conclusão, o instrumento e as dimensões propostas podem ser utilizados como ferramenta de avaliação para mensurar o fator psicossocial Relações no trabalho (domínio do NOM-035), pois apresentam valores aceitáveis em termos de confiabilidade estatística.

SUMMARY Objective : To explore the perceived parental rearing behavior in adolescents diagnosed with an eating disorder, and to identify eventual differences with altered eating and self-injurious behaviors. Material and methods : A total of 45 adolescents diagnosed with some eating disorder (11 diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, 23 with bulimia nervosa and 11 with binge eating disorder), recruited from the outpatient and hospitalization areas of the Juan N Navarro Children's Psychiatric Hospital, were included. Results : It was found that the greater the memories of favoritism (r = 0.41, p-value = 0.005) or rejection (r = 0.36, p-value = 0.016) by the father, the higher the scores on the Eating Attitude Scale. Differences were also found in the mother's warmth dimension, between the adolescents who presented self-injuries (mean = 39.6, de = 11.3) and those who did not present them (mean = 47.4, de = 8.8) (t = -2.6, value p = 0.015). Conclusions : Adolescents with a diagnosis of eating disorders presented differences in their perception of parental rearing, a factor that may decisively influence the manifestation of other psychopathological behaviors.

RESUMEN Objetivo : Explorar las percepciones de crianza parental en adolescentes diagnosticados con algún trastorno de la conducta alimentaria, e identificar posibles diferencias con alteraciones de la conducta alimentaria y conductas autolesivas. Material y métodos : Un total de 45 adolescentes con algún tipo de trastorno de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) (11 diagnosticados con anorexia nervosa, 23 con bulimia nervosa y 11 con trastorno “por atracón”), pacientes en áreas de consulta externa y hospitalización del Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Juan N. Navarro fueron sistemáticamente estudiados. Resultados : Se encontró que cuánto mayores las percepciones de favoritismo (r = 0,41, valor p = 0,005) o rechazo (r = 0,36, valor p = 0,016) del padre, mayores fueron también los puntajes en la Escala de Actitudes Alimentarias. Se encontraron asimismo diferencias en la dimensión de calidez de la madre, entre los adolescentes que presentaron autolesiones (media = 39,6, d.e = 11,3) comparados con aquéllos que no las presentaron (media = 47,4, d.e = 8.8) (t = -2,6, valor p = 0,015). Conclusiones : Los adolescentes con diagnóstico de TCA presentaron diferencias en la percepción de crianza parental, factor que puede influenciar decisivamente la manifestación de otras conductas psicopatológicas.

Abstract The passion fruit juice production generates around 70% of by-products comprising rind, seeds and arils that are commonly discarded. The seeds consist of 4% of fruit weight with the potential to produce around 2,500 ton/year of high added-value oil in Brazil. In this work, passion fruit seeds from different juice manufacturers and the effect of the seed moisture were evaluated towards oil quality and extraction efficiency, using a continuous expeller press of 100 kg/h capacity. The seeds were washed and dried before pressing. The main fatty acids detected were linoleic (67% to 68%), oleic (16% to 17.4%) and palmitic (11%). The oil quality and oil recovery depended on the seed oil content, i.e., the seed moisture before pressing and the different provenances of the seeds. Significant differences were observed for oxidative stability, acidity and conjugated dienes (p < 0.05) for oils from different fruit juice manufacturers. Among them, only one met the requirements of Brazilian regulation regarding oil acidity (less than 2%), thus indicating the need for an effective waste treatment process after juice extraction. Regarding the seed moisture, the highest Oil Stability Index (OSI) (7.4 h) and lowest free fatty acid content (0.63%) were obtained for the oil from the lowest seed moisture content. The oil recovery varied from 78% to 89% and the cake oil content was lower than 8% showing the elements of the feasibility of the process to obtain good quality oil. 70 byproducts by products rind discarded 4 2500 2 500 2,50 tonyear ton year addedvalue added value Brazil work efficiency 10 kgh kg h capacity 67% 67 (67 68%, 68 68% , 68%) 16% 16 (16 17.4% 174 17 11%. 11 11% . (11%) ie i e i.e. stability p 0.05 005 0 05 them less 2%, 2% 2%) OSI (OSI 7.4 74 7 (7. 0.63% 063 63 (0.63% 78 89 8 250 50 2,5 1 6 (6 (1 17.4 (11% i.e 0.0 00 7. (7 0.63 06 (0.63 25 5 2, ( 17. (11 0. 0.6 (0.6 (0. (0

Resumo A produção de suco de maracujá gera cerca de 70% de coprodutos compostos de casca, sementes e arilos, que costumam ser descartados. As sementes consistem em 4% do peso do fruto, com potencial para produzir em torno de 2.500 ton/ano de óleo de alto valor agregado, no Brasil. Neste trabalho, sementes de maracujá de diferentes fabricantes de suco e o efeito da umidade das sementes foram avaliados quanto a qualidade do óleo e eficiência de extração, utilizando uma prensa contínua (expeller) de 100 kg/h de capacidade, sendo que as sementes foram lavadas e secas antes da prensagem. Os principais ácidos graxos detectados foram linoleico (67% a 68%), oleico (16% a 17,4%) e palmítico (11%). A qualidade do óleo e o rendimento do processo dependeram do teor de óleo da semente, da umidade da semente antes da prensagem e das diferentes procedências das sementes. Diferenças significativas foram observadas para estabilidade oxidativa, acidez e dienos conjugados (p<0,05) para óleos obtidos de sementes de diferentes fabricantes de sucos de frutas. Dentre estes, apenas um atendeu aos requisitos da regulamentação brasileira quanto à acidez do óleo (menos de 2%), indicando a necessidade de um processo eficaz de tratamento de resíduos após a obtenção do suco. Em relação à umidade da semente, o maior índice de estabilidade do óleo- OSI (7,4 h) e o menor teor de ácidos graxos livres (0,63%) foram obtidos para o óleo a partir da semente de menor umidade. A recuperação de óleo variou de 78% a 89% e o teor de óleo da torta foi inferior a 8%, mostrando a viabilidade do processo para obtenção de óleo de boa qualidade. 70 casca arilos descartados 4 fruto 2500 2 500 2.50 tonano ton ano agregado Brasil trabalho extração expeller (expeller 10 kgh kg h capacidade 67% 67 (67 68%, 68 68% , 68%) 16% 16 (16 17,4% 174 17 11%. 11 11% . (11%) oxidativa p<0,05 p005 p 0 05 (p<0,05 frutas estes menos 2%, 2% 2%) 7,4 74 7 (7, 0,63% 063 63 (0,63% 78 89 8 8% 250 50 2.5 1 6 (6 (1 17,4 (11% p<0,0 p00 (p<0,0 7, (7 0,63 06 (0,63 25 5 2. ( 17, (11 p<0, p0 (p<0, 0,6 (0,6 p<0 (p<0 0, (0, p< (p< (0 (p

Abstract Background: In the last decades, the prevalence of infections by carbapenem resistant gram-negative bacilli has been increased. Objective: To determine types and frequency of the different carbapenemases in Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in six hospitals in Bogotá-Colombia. Methods: Descriptive and observational study, in six hospitals in the city of Bogotá, in the period ftom January 2017 to August 2018. PCR were performed for KPC, GES, VIM, NDM, IMP and OXA-48 genes, in carbapenem resistant Klebsiella spp. and P aeruginosa. Results: 52 P aeruginosa isolates amplified a carbapenemase gene, of which 39 (75%) were positive for KPC, 11 (21%) for VIM and two co-productions of KPC and VIM. Regarding Klebsiella spp. 165 strains amplified at least one carbapenemase gene, 98% expressed KPC and four isolates had co-productions of metallo-P-lactamases and KPC. Discussion: This study provides valuable information, such as the increased production of KPC in P. aeruginosa información valiosa, como el incremento de producción de KPC en P. aeruginosa and the co-production of KPC plus metallobetalactamases, which has an implication both in treatment selection, isolation precautions and patient prognosisy.

Resumen Introducción: En las últimas décadas, se ha incrementado la prevalencia de infecciones por bacilos gramnegativos resistentes a carbapenémicos. Objetivo: Determinar los tipos y la frecuencia de las distintas carbapenemasas en aislados de Klebsiella spp. y Pseudomonas aeruginosa, en seis hospitales de alta complejidad de Bogotá-Colombia. Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo en seis hospitales de la ciudad de Bogotá, en el período de enero de 2017 a agosto de 2018. Se realizaron RPC para genes de KPC, GES, VIM, NDM, IMP y OXA-48 en cepas de Klebsiella spp y P aeruginosa resistentes a carbapenémicos. Resultados: 52 aislados de P aeruginosa amplificaron para una carbapenemasa, de los cuales 39 (75%) fueron positivos para KPC, 11 (21%) para VIM y 2 co-producciones de KPC y VIM. En cuanto a Klebsiella spp., 165 cepas amplificaron al menos para una carbapenemasa, 98% expresaron KPC y 4 aislados tuvieron co-producciones de metalo-β-lactamasas y KPC. Discusión: Este estudio aporta información valiosa, como el incremento de producción de KPC en P. aeruginosa y la co-producción de KPC y metalo-β-lactamasas, locual tiene una implicancia tanto en la selección del tratamiento, las medidas de aislamiento de contacto y el pronóstico de los pacientes.