Abstract The two-spotted mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is the key pest in rose cut. Preliminary observations show that plants with high density of two-spotted mite exhibit nutritional imbalance, but there is not quantitative information about it. The objective was to determine the relation between two-spotted mite´s density and nutritional status of cut rose crop ‘Polo’. In four samplings, 60 spotted mite-free and 60 plants with over 60 mites per leaf (high infestation) were selected. In both cases, foliar analyses were carried out to determine the micro and macro elements as well as the Nutritional Unbalanced Index (IDN). The plants infested with two-spotted mite showed a nutritional disequilibrium due to reduced foliar concentration of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese and copper. The percentage reduction in the concentration of these elements fluctuated between 0.3 to 29 % compared against control.

Resumen La araña roja, Tetranychus urticae Koch, es la principal plaga del cultivo de rosas para corte (Rosa hybrida). Observaciones preliminares indican que plantas con alta densidad de araña roja presentan deficiencias nutrimentales, pero no existe información cuantitativa al respecto. El objetivo fue determinar la relación que existe entre la densidad de araña roja y el estado nutrimental de rosal ‘Polo’. En cuatro muestreos, se seleccionaron 60 plantas libres de araña roja y 60 plantas con más de 60 ácaros por hoja (infestación alta). En ambos casos se determinó, mediante análisis químico foliar, la cantidad de macro y micronutrimentos, así como el índice de desbalance nutricional (IDN). Las plantas con presencia de araña roja muestran desequilibrio nutrimental debido a la reducción en la concentración foliar de nitrógeno, fósforo, potasio, calcio, manganeso y cobre. El porcentaje de reducción de la concentración de dichos elementos osciló entre 0.3 y 29 % respecto al testigo.

ABSTRACT Objective. To determine the feeding behavior of Aedes aegypti in dengue outbreaks in two rural areas of Peru during the Yaku cyclone and El Niño phenomenon of 2023. Material and methods. Eight blood samples (8 pools) were obtained from the abdomen of 80 Aedes aegypti specimens captured in the rural districts of Querecotillo and Marcavelica during the Yaku cyclone and El Niño dengue outbreaks. DNA was extracted from the analyzed samples, then a PCR was directed at the CytB gene as a genetic marker and the PCR products were enzymatically digested with the restrictases Hae III and Mwo I. The PCR-RFLP products were visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis at 4%. Results. DNA was obtained from all samples and a 358 bp amplicon was obtained as a PCR product. Likewise, the only RFLP found in Hae III was from Homo sapiens sapiens (233 and 125 bp). RFLP was not found in Hae III of Gallus gallus and RFLP in Mwo I of Canis familiaris and Mus musculus. Conclusion. Aedes aegypti showed conserved anthropophilic feeding behavior in dengue outbreaks in rural areas during the Yaku cyclone and El Niño.

RESUMEN Objetivos. Determinar la alimentación del Aedes aegypti en brotes de dengue de dos zonas rurales del Perú durante el ciclón Yaku y El Niño Global del 2023. Material y métodos. Se analizaron ocho muestras de sangre (8 pooles) obtenidas del abdomen de 80 especímenes Aedes aegypti capturados en los distritos rurales de Querecotillo y Marcavelica durante brotes de dengue acontecidos en el ciclón Yaku y en El Niño Global. Se extrajo ADN de las muestras analizadas, se llevó a cabo una PCR dirigida al gen CytB como marcador genético y los productos PCR fueron digeridos enzimáticamente con las restrictasas Hae III y Mwo I. Los productos PCR-RFLP fueron visualizados por electroforesis en gel de agarosa al 4%. Resultados. Se obtuvo ADN de todas las muestras y como producto PCR un amplicón de 358 pb. Así mismo, el único RFLP en Hae III observado fue el de Homo sapiens sapiens (233 y 125 pb). No se observó RFLP en Hae III de Gallus gallus y RFLP en Mwo I de Canis familiaris y Mus musculus. Conclusión. En brotes de dengue de zonas rurales, durante el ciclón Yaku y en El Niño Global, el Aedes aegypti presentó un comportamiento alimenticio antropofílico conservado.

ABSTRACT Objective. To determine the feeding behavior of Aedes aegypti in dengue outbreaks in two rural areas of Peru during the Yaku cyclone and El Niño phenomenon of 2023. Material and methods. Eight blood samples (8 pools) were obtained from the abdomen of 80 Aedes aegypti specimens captured in the rural districts of Querecotillo and Marcavelica during the Yaku cyclone and El Niño dengue outbreaks. DNA was extracted from the analyzed samples, then a PCR was directed at the CytB gene as a genetic marker and the PCR products were enzymatically digested with the restrictases Hae III and Mwo I. The PCR-RFLP products were visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis at 4%. Results. DNA was obtained from all samples and a 358 bp amplicon was obtained as a PCR product. Likewise, the only RFLP found in Hae III was from Homo sapiens sapiens (233 and 125 bp). RFLP was not found in Hae III of Gallus gallus and RFLP in Mwo I of Canis familiaris and Mus musculus. Conclusion. Aedes aegypti showed conserved anthropophilic feeding behavior in dengue outbreaks in rural areas during the Yaku cyclone and El Niño.

RESUMEN Objetivos. Determinar la alimentación del Aedes aegypti en brotes de dengue de dos zonas rurales del Perú durante el ciclón Yaku y El Niño Global del 2023. Material y métodos. Se analizaron ocho muestras de sangre (8 pooles) obtenidas del abdomen de 80 especímenes Aedes aegypti capturados en los distritos rurales de Querecotillo y Marcavelica durante brotes de dengue acontecidos en el ciclón Yaku y en El Niño Global. Se extrajo ADN de las muestras analizadas, se llevó a cabo una PCR dirigida al gen CytB como marcador genético y los productos PCR fueron digeridos enzimáticamente con las restrictasas Hae III y Mwo I. Los productos PCR-RFLP fueron visualizados por electroforesis en gel de agarosa al 4%. Resultados. Se obtuvo ADN de todas las muestras y como producto PCR un amplicón de 358 pb. Así mismo, el único RFLP en Hae III observado fue el de Homo sapiens sapiens (233 y 125 pb). No se observó RFLP en Hae III de Gallus gallus y RFLP en Mwo I de Canis familiaris y Mus musculus. Conclusión. En brotes de dengue de zonas rurales, durante el ciclón Yaku y en El Niño Global, el Aedes aegypti presentó un comportamiento alimenticio antropofílico conservado.

Abstract: Fear is one of the most reviewed emotions in gender studies due to its impact on the experiences of various sociodemographic groups in the contemporary city. Simultaneously, it has been evident how care activities have been reduced in urban design criteria, negatively impacting the quality of life of caregivers. Despite this diagnosis, to date a lack of tools has been identified that allow analyzing the experiences of fear and care in the city. This shortage limits implementing strategies that favor improving public spaces in favor of social integration and care. The article's objective proposes to discuss the design and applicability of an intersectional tool that allows identifying spaces of fear and care in the city, delving into the relationship between citizen experiences and urban design with a gender perspective. Methodologically, for its development, a bibliographic analysis is presented to identify theories and methodologies that support the structuring of the tool, as well as urban design elements with a gender focus to be evaluated by the population. As a result, a tool is presented in a digital platform format structured on the principles of participatory mapping and voluntary geographic information and supported by theories of subjective well-being and citizen science. Finally, the tool for data collection is presented on a free-access citizen participation web platform and app, and alternatives are reflected to incorporate the needs of various sociodemographic groups in urban planning.

Resumen: El miedo es una de las emociones más revisadas en los estudios de género por su impacto sobre las experiencias de diversos grupos sociodemográficos en la ciudad contemporánea. Simultáneamente se ha evidenciado cómo las actividades de cuidado han sido mermadas en los criterios de diseño urbano, impactando negativamente sobre la calidad de vida de las personas cuidadoras. A pesar de este diagnóstico, a la fecha se identifica una carencia de herramientas que permitan analizar las experiencias del miedo y el cuidado en la ciudad. Esta escasez limita la implementación de estrategias que favorezcan la mejora de los espacios públicos en favor de la integración social y los cuidados. El objetivo del artículo propone discutir el diseño y aplicabilidad de una herramienta interseccional que permita identificar los espacios del miedo y el cuidado en la ciudad,profundizando en la relación entre experiencias ciudadanas y diseño urbano con enfoque de género. Metodológicamente, para su desarrollo se presenta un análisis bibliográfico para identificar teorías y metodologías que sustenten la estructuración de la herramienta, así como elementos de diseño urbano con enfoque de género a ser evaluados por la población. Como resultado se muestra una herramienta en formato de plataforma digital estructurada sobre los principios del mapeo participativo e información geográfica voluntaria, sustentada por teorías de bienestar subjetivo y ciencia ciudadana. Finalmente, se presenta la herramienta para el levantamiento de datos en una plataforma web y app de participación ciudadana de libre acceso, y se reflexiona sobre alternativas para incorporar necesidades diversos grupos sociodemográficos en la planificación urbana.

ABSTRACT Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is characterized by the development of hamartomas in various tissues. We present the case of a 39-year-old female patient with a 24-week-old fetus with multiple rhabdomyomas in whom a prenatal molecular diagnosis of TSC was made. With the diagnosis confirmed, postnatal evaluation was extended, finding hypopigmented macules in the skin and multiple cortical and subependymal tubercles. In the family evaluation, the father presented cutaneous lesions and is under study to confirm TSC. At 6 months of age, the infant remains asymptomatic. The diagnosis of prenatal TSC has an impact on the prognosis of the patient and family. It improves the postnatal neurological prognosis, allows extending the search for the disease to parents and siblings, and provides tools for more accurate pregnancy counseling and family planning.

RESUMEN El complejo esclerosis tuberosa (CET) se caracteriza por desarrollar hamartomas en diversos tejidos. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 39 años con feto con múltiples rabdomiomas en quien se realizó diagnóstico prenatal molecular de CET. Con el diagnóstico confirmado se amplió la evaluación en el posnatal, encontrándose máculas hipopigmentadas en piel y múltiples túberes corticales y subependimarios. En la evaluación familiar, el padre presentó lesiones cutáneas y está en estudio para confirmar CET. A los 6 meses de vida, la lactante permanece asintomática. El diagnóstico de CET prenatal tiene un impacto en el pronóstico del paciente y su familia. Mejora el pronóstico neurológico posnatal, permite extender la búsqueda de la enfermedad a padres y hermanos, aporta herramientas para consejería más precisa del embarazo y planificación familiar.

Resumen Las plantas tienen una historia de uso tradicional por su efecto culinario, así como su capacidad para prevenir y tratar enfermedades, contienen una gran variedad de metabolitos secundarios comúnmente etiquetados como fitoquímicos, que pueden funcionar para reducir el riesgo de enfermedades crónicas. El presente trabajo se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y se analiza a las especies Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng (Oreganón): Eryngium foetidum L (Perejil): Coriandrum sativum L (Cilantro): Mentha spicata L. (Hierba buena): Ocimum basilicum L (Albaca) provenientes de huertos familiares de una comunidad indígena de Olcuatitán del municipio de Nacajuca, Tabasco, utilizando el método de difracción de rayos X (DRX) siendo un método exacto y completo para determinar la identidad y estructura de compuestos nuevos o conocidos, y por lo tanto vital para la investigación en química. Usando micro-protones de emisión de rayos X inducida para determinar la composición de las hojas de estas plantas, se detectaron compuestos no reportados previamente como el pirazol y n Poli (trimetilcelulosa) entre otros en las especies estudiadas, estos compuestos pueden ser utilizados para un amplio espectro de fármacos ya que contienen propiedades medicinales y desempeñan un papel importante en las personas, ya que cuentan con una gran fuente de compuestos químicos y bioactivos que favorecen a la nutrición humana.

Abstract Plants have a history of traditional use for their culinary effect, as well as their ability to prevent and treat diseases. They contain a wide variety of secondary metabolites commonly labeled as phytochemicals, which may function to reduce the statistics of chronic diseases. In the present research, a literature review was conducted and analyzed on the Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng (Oreganon), Eryngium foetidum L (Parsley), Coriandrum sativum L (Coriander), Mentha spicata L. (Good Herb), and Ocimum basilicum L (Albaca) species from home gardens of an indigenous community of Olcuatitán in the municipality of Nacajuca Tabasco. The X-ray diffraction method (XRD) was used as an accurate and complete method to determine the identity and structure of new or known compounds, and therefore vital for research in chemistry. Using micro-proton induced X-ray emission to determine the composition of the leaves of these plants, previously unreported compounds such as pyrazole and n Poly (trimethylcellulose) among others, were detected in the species studied. These compounds can be used for a broad spectrum of drugs as they contain medicinal properties and play an important role in people, as they have a great source of chemical and bioactive compounds that favor human nutrition and that the information is available to the communities.

RESUMEN Se expone la conceptualización del Ecosistema Tecnológico del Sistema Nacional de Ciencia e Innovación Tecnológica Agraria cubano (ECOSISTAGRI). Métodos de investigaciones teóricas y empíricas, análisis de referentes teóricos-metodológicos, consulta a expertos y encuesta para su articulación desde una visión holística. La arquitectura multiplataforma integradora mediante Interfaz de Programación de Aplicaciones del Sitio Web visualiza sus sistemas de gestión de ciencia, conocimiento, información, comunicación, innovación, extensión agraria, medio ambiente, cambio climático y propiedad intelectual a diferentes niveles mediante la Red Compleja Multiactoral de individuos, organizaciones y empresas. Se establecen las fases y etapas para su construcción, premisas de actuación, objetivos específicos y áreas estratégicas. Propone productos y servicios de información, comunicación, capacitación y extensión agraria, noticias, alertas tecnológicas, boletines científicos e informativos, compendios, estudios de tendencias y aplicaciones móviles. Herramienta diseñada a la medida, innovación tecnológica, macro-espacio articulador del Sistema de Gestión de Gobierno basado en Ciencia e Innovación del Ministerio de la Agricultura de Cuba para incrementar co-innovación, producción científica agraria cubana, acceso ágil, rápido, seguro y confiable al conocimiento especializado y a los textos completos en tiempo real en apoyo a la toma de decisiones sobre ejes estratégicos para la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria y educación nutricional.

ABSTRACT Technological Ecosystem Conceptualization for the Cuban National System of Science and Agrarian Technological Innovation (ECOSISTAGRI) is exposed. Theoretical and empirical research methods, analysis of theoretical-methodological references, consultation with experts and a survey for their articulation from a holistic vision. The integrating multiplatform architecture through the Application Programming Interface of the Website visualizes its science, knowledge, information, communication, innovation, agricultural extension, environment, climate change and intellectual property management systems at different levels through the Complex Multiactoral Network of individuals, organizations and enterprises. The phases and stages for its construction, premises for action, specific objectives and strategic areas are established. It proposes information, communication, training and agricultural extension products and services, news, technological alerts, scientific and informative bulletins, compendiums, trend studies and mobile applications. Tailor-made tool, technological innovation, articulating macro-space of the Government Management System based on Science and Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture of Cuba to increase co-innovation, Cuban agricultural scientific production, agile, fast, safe and reliable access to specialized knowledge and full texts in real time to support decision-making on strategic axes for food security and sovereignty and nutritional education.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the agroecological zone on the textile characteristics of the alpaca fibre (Vicugna pacos) from herds of productive units of the dry Puna and wet Puna in the Puno region, according to sex and age. The samples were obtained from 5530 Huacaya alpacas. Fibre diameter (FD), Standard Deviation of Fibre Diameter (SDFD), Coefficient of Variation of Fibre Diameter (CVDF), Spin Fineness (SF), Curvature Index (ICur) and Standard Deviation of Curvature Index (SDICur) were recorded using the OFDA 2000 equipment. The effects of the agroecological zone in relation to sex and age (Deciduous teeth [DL], 2 teeth [2D], 4 teeth [4D] and all teeth [BLL]) were estimated using a randomized design with factorial arrangement and Duncan's multiple range test. The FF values are in the range of 13.3 to 34.5 µm with an average value of 20.32 µm. The alpacas from the wet Puna presented lower FD (13.3-34.5 µm) compared to those from the dry Puna (13.6-37.9 µm). Age and sex affect the FD, as BLL alpacas registered a higher FF compared to the DL alpacas (p<0.05). Likewise, a lower FD was observed in male alpacas compared to females (p<0.05). The correlation between agroecological zones, sex and age was demonstrated by obtaining a smaller diameter in male DL alpacas from wet Puna. In addition, a significant correlation was identified between the fibre quality evaluated from its textile characteristics with the agroecological zone.

RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la zona agroecológica en las características textiles de la fibra de alpaca (Vicugna pacos), procedente de rebaños de unidades productivas de la Puna seca y Puna húmeda en la región Puno, según sexo y edad. Las muestras fueron obtenidas de 5530 alpacas Huacaya. El Diámetro de fibra (DF), Desviación estándar del diámetro de fibra (DEDF), Coeficiente de variación de diámetro de fibra (CVDF), Finura al hilado (FH), Índice de curvatura (IC) y Desviación estándar del índice de curvatura (DEIC) fueron registrados utilizando el equipo OFDA 2000. Los efectos de la zona agroecológica con relación al sexo y edad (Diente de leche [DL], 2 dientes [2D], 4 dientes [4D] y Boca llena [BLL]) se estimaron mediante un diseño al azar con arreglo factorial y prueba de rango múltiple de Duncan. Los valores de DF se encuentran en el rango de 13.3 a 34.5 µm con un valor promedio de 20.32 µm. Las alpacas de la Puna húmeda presentaron menor DF (13.3-34.5 µm) en comparación con las de la Puna seca (13.6-37.9 µm). La edad y el sexo inciden en el DF, pues las alpacas BLL registraron mayor DF frente a las alpacas DL (p<0.05). Asimismo, se observó un menor DF en alpacas macho en comparación con las hembras (p<0.05). La correlación entre zonas agroecológicas, sexo y edad se demostró al obtener menor diámetro en las alpacas macho DL de Puna húmeda. Además, se identificó una correlación significativa entre la calidad de fibra evaluada a partir de sus características textiles con la zona agroecológica.

RESUMEN A través del uso de la tecnología, la escolarización se aceleró como resultado a la pandemia del COVID-19. El objetivo del estudio fue interpretar el desarrollo de la conciencia ambiental desde la mirada docente. El estudio se construyó bajo el enfoque cualitativo con diseño hermenéutico a nivel interpretativo. Se utilizó una guía de entrevistas semiestructurada, que se aplicó a seis docentes que cumplían con los requisitos previos para el estudio. Los hallazgos incluyeron proporcionar a la comunidad educativa información para contribuir al desarrollo de la conciencia ambiental, tener un conocimiento completo sobre la conciencia ambiental y utilizar técnicas para fomentar un sentido de valor y amor por el planeta tierra. A modo de cierre, es necesario fomentar la conciencia ambiental ya que es un proceso que requiere la comprensión y el dominio de una variedad de ideas, así como de componentes estratégicos, buen comportamiento y responsabilidad ambiental.

RESUMO Com o uso da tecnologia, a escolarização foi acelerada como resultado da pandemia da COVID-19. O objetivo do estudo foi interpretar o desenvolvimento da consciência ambiental a partir da perspectiva de um professor. O estudo foi construído sob a abordagem qualitativa com design hermenêutico em nível interpretativo. Foi utilizado um guia de entrevista semiestruturado, aplicado a seis professores que cumpriram os pré-requisitos do estudo. As conclusões incluíram o fornecimento de informações à comunidade educacional para contribuir com o desenvolvimento da conscientização ambiental, o conhecimento profundo da conscientização ambiental e o uso de técnicas para promover um senso de valor e amor pelo planeta Terra. Para concluir, a conscientização ambiental precisa ser fomentada, pois é um processo que exige compreensão e domínio de uma variedade de ideias, bem como componentes estratégicos, bom comportamento e responsabilidade ambiental.

ABSTRACT Through the use of technology, schooling was accelerated as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of the study was to interpret the development of environmental awareness from the teachers' point of view. The study was constructed under the qualitative approach with hermeneutic design at the interpretative level. A semi-structured interview guide was used, which was applied to six teachers who met the prerequisites for the study. Findings included providing the educational community with information to contribute to the development of environmental awareness, having a thorough knowledge of environmental awareness, and using techniques to foster a sense of value and love for planet earth. In closing, environmental awareness needs to be fostered as it is a process that requires understanding and mastery of a variety of ideas, as well as strategic components, good behavior, and environmental responsibility.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In Latin America, liver cancer is one of the top causes of cancer mortality. It is the fifth most common cause of death among malignant tumors in Mexico and is the leading cause in Hidalgo State (43.8% of the population living in poverty). OBJECTIVE: To conduct a correlational analysis on the main risk factors for liver cancer in Hidalgo State, Mexico, including municipal disaggregation and comparison with the national level. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional, correlational, descriptive and comparative epidemiological study using Mexican governmental databases covering 1990-2019. METHODS: A comprehensive review of the databases of the General Directorate of Health Information (DGIS) was performed to analyze official death figures, hospital discharges and national and municipal population projections, using specific search criteria defined in the Global Burden of Disease classification, based on the risk factors for liver cancer. RESULTS: Liver cancer rates showed an evident rise in Hidalgo (183%), moving from 21st place in Mexico in 1990 to 9th place in 2019. This increase was correlated with alcoholism. An increasing trend for liver cancer deaths, of 133.89%, is projected for 2030. Females and the population over 60 years of age are more affected. There are some critical regions with liver cancer death rates twice the national rate or more. CONCLUSION: Targeted effective public health strategies should be structured by identifying, characterizing and regionalizing critical marginalized municipalities that are vulnerable to alcoholism and other risk factors for liver cancer. This approach may be helpful for other states in Mexico or similar countries.

ABSTRACT The Brewery Hatuey takes more than 94 years of exploitation contributing to the contamination of the river Yarayó and the bay of Santiago from Cuba. In the 2020 due to the pandemic were carried out modifications in the products to elaborate what influenced in that the DBO5 overcame in 4,52 times and the DQO in 6,88 times the permissible maximum limits settled down by the normative Cuban for to pour of residual waters to terrestrial waters and the sewer system. It was evidenced that the concentration of heavy metals, electric conductivity, as well as the nitrogen content and match stayed inside that settled down by to pour norm and that although the norm settles down that it should not exist suspended solids superior values they are reported to the 100 mg/L. A parameter that overcomes in 7,4 times what indicates the Cuban norm is the fats and oils, for what intends the installation of a float associated to the technological proposal of treatment that exists for this industry. It will also be necessary to neutralize the residual.

RESUMEN La Cervecería Hatuey lleva más de 94 años de explotación contribuyendo a la contaminación del río Yarayó y la bahía de Santiago de Cuba. En el 2020 debido a la pandemia se realizaron modificaciones en los productos a elaborar lo que influyó en que la DBO5 superara en 4,52 veces y la DQO en 6,88 veces los límites máximos permisibles establecidos por la normativa cubana para el vertimiento de aguas residuales a aguas terrestres y al alcantarillado. Se evidenció que la concentración de metales pesados, conductividad eléctrica, así como el contenido de nitrógeno y fósforo se mantuvieron dentro de lo establecido por la norma de vertimiento, y que a pesar de que la norma establece que no deben existir sólidos suspendidos, se reportan valores superiores a los 100 mg/L. Un parámetro que supera en 7,4 veces lo que indica la norma cubana son las grasas y aceites, por lo que se propone la instalación de un flotador asociado a la propuesta tecnológica de tratamiento que existe para esta industria. Además será necesario neutralizar el residual.

Resumo Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de níveis inadequados de vitamina D e seus fatores associados para mulheres em idade fértil no Brasil. Métodos Uma revisão sistemática foi realizada (última atualização em maio de 2020). As meta-análises foram realizadas usando o inverso da variância para o modelo fixo com cálculo de proporção sumarizada por transformação arco-seno duplo de Freeman-Tukey. A qualidade metodológica e de reporte foi avaliada usando a ferramenta do Joanna Briggs Institute para estudos de prevalência. Resultados Nossa revisão identificou 31 estudos, compreendendo 4.006 participantes. Todos os estudos apresentaram pelo menos uma limitação, principalmente devido ao uso de amostra de conveniência e tamanho amostral pequeno. As prevalências gerais de deficiência, insuficiência e deficiência de vitamina D foram 35% (intervalo de confiança, IC 95%: 34-37%), 42% (IC 95%: 41-44%) e 72% (IC 95%: 71-74%), respectivamente. Conclusão Embora a magnitude da prevalência de níveis inadequados de vitamina D seja incerta, a evidência sugere que presença de deficiência ou insuficiência de vitamina D em mulheres em idade reprodutiva pode causar problemas moderados a graves.

Abstract Objective To estimate the prevalence of inadequate vitamin D level and its associated factors for women of childbearing age in Brazil. Methods A systematic reviewwas conducted (last updatedMay 2020).Meta-analyses were performed using the inverse-variance for fixed models with summary proportion calculation by Freeman-Tukey double arcsine. Reporting and methodological quality were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for prevalence studies. Results Our review identified 31 studies, comprising 4,006 participants. All the studies had at least one weakness, mainly due to the use of convenience sampling and small sample size. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and both deficiency and insufficiency were 35% (confidence interval, 95%CI: 34-37%), 42% (95%CI: 41-44%), and 72% (95%CI: 71-74%), respectively. Conclusion Although the magnitude of the prevalence of inadequate levels of vitamin D is uncertain, the evidence suggests that presence of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency in women of reproductive age can cause moderate to severe problems.

Abstract: Objective: Describe the prevalence of breast cancer (BC)-associated germline pathogenic variants (PVs) among Mexican patients with triple-negative BC (TNBC). Materials and methods: The spectrum of PVs identified among patients with TNBC who were enrolled in a prospective registry and underwent genetic testing was analyzed. Results: Of 387 patients with invasive TNBC and a median age at diagnosis of 39 years (range 21-72), 113 (29%) were carriers of PVs in BC-susceptibility genes: BRCA1 (79%), BRCA2 (15%), and other (6%: ATM, BRIP1, PALB2, PTEN, RAD51C, and TP53). PV carriers were younger at BC diagnosis (37 vs. 40 years, p=0.004) than non-carriers. Conclusion: A large proportion of TNBC in Mexican patients is associated with germline PVs, the vast majority in BRCA. The incremental yield of PVs in other BC-susceptibility genes was modest, and a stepwise approach starting with BRCA testing may be justified if it is more cost-effective than multigene panel testing.

Resumen: Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia de variantes patógenas (VPs) germinales en genes asociados con cáncer de mama (CM) en pacientes mexicanos con CM triple negativo (CMTN). Material y métodos: Se analizó el espectro de VPs identificadas en pacientes con CMTN que fueron incluidos prospectivamente en un registro y se realizó un estudio genético. Resultados: Se analizó un total de 387 pacientes con una mediana de edad al diagnóstico de 39 años; 113 (29%) eran portadores de VPs en genes de susceptibilidad a CM: BRCA1 (79%), BRCA2(15%), y otros (6%: ATM, BRIP1, PALB2, PTEN, RAD51C y TP53). Los portadores de VPs eran más jóvenes al diagnóstico de CM (37 vs. 40 años, p=0.004). Conclusiones: Existe una alta prevalencia de VPs en pacientes mexicanos con CMTN y la mayoría se encuentra en genes BRCA. La realización de pruebas genéticas se puede optimizar mediante la adopción de un proceso escalonado para la detección de VPs.

ABSTRACT Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the evolution of functional ability in patients over 65 years of age during the home care program in the Lleida Health Region and analyze the predictors of mortality. Methodology: The sample includes stays in the home care program (processes) of at least six months long over five years. The variables under study were functional ability at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of the process, sociodemographic characteristics, chronic diseases, health status, socio-family problems, and mortality. Results: A total of 8,189 people were included with a total of 8,433 processes opened between the years 2011 and 2016. Functional ability worsened more in the early stages of the process, remaining more stable in the final phase. In older patients, with senile dementia and the presence of pressure ulcers, dependence increased as the process progressed. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study on the relationship of functional ability in the initial assessment and the increased risk of mortality are consistent with studies carried out.

RESUMEN Objetivos: Los objetivos del estudio fueron determinar la evolución de la capacidad funcional en mayores de 65 años de la Región Sanitaria de Lleida durante su estancia en el programa de atención domiciliaria (ATDOM), y analizar los factores predictores de mortalidad. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio longitudinal. La muestra incluye las estancias (procesos) ≥ 6 meses en el programa ATDOM ocurridos durante 5 años. Las variables a estudio fueron la capacidad funcional al ingreso, a la mitad y al final del proceso, las características sociodemográficas, las enfermedades crónicas, el estado de salud, los problemas sociofamiliares y la mortalidad. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 8.189 personas, con un total de 8.433 procesos abiertos entre los años 2011 y 2016. La capacidad funcional empeoró más en las primeras fases del proceso, y se mantuvo más estable en la fase final. En las personas más mayores, con demencia senil y con presencia de úlceras por presión, la dependencia aumentaba conforme avanzaba el proceso. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio sobre la relación de la dependencia funcional en la valoración inicial y el mayor riesgo de mortalidad son coincidentes con estudios desarrollados.

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the pattern of triggering and exacerbation of dermatological diseases between March and July 2020 and to compare this pattern to the corresponding period of 2019. Methods This was a quantitative, descriptive, comparative and documentary study that was carried out through the retrospective analysis of medical records (March to July 2019 and 2020) of individuals assisted at a private dermatology practice service located in the southern area of the city of São Paulo (SP). Results We evaluated 992 medical consultations in 2019 and 1,176 in 2020. In 2020, we observed a significant increase in cases of telogen effluvium (276%), psoriasis (1,400%), atopic dermatitis (178%), seborrheic dermatitis (200%), herpes zoster (1,200%) and vitiligo (433%). All diseases had stress as a possible initial trigger. In addition, fragile nail syndrome and contact dermatitis, pathologies associated with behavioral measures, also had an important increase in the prevalence (6,400% and 5,500%, respectively). However, the number of aesthetic procedures decreased by approximately 54% during the pandemic period. Conclusion During the pandemic period, the pattern of incidence of dermatoses had changed compared with the previous year. An emphasis was observed on diseases triggered by a psychological component, as well as those pathologies that have behavioral measures as the main cause. For this reason, the impacts of COVID-19 is greater than only among those infected.