Resumen: Introducción: la sarcopenia puede presentarse en las enfermedades de larga evolución como la insuficiencia renal crónica. Su detección permite aplicar medidas terapéuticas específicas para evitar complicaciones. Objetivo: describir la frecuencia de sarcopenia en pacientes adultos con insuficiencia renal crónica del Hospital Nacional y Hospital Militar en 2021. Metodología: se aplicó un diseño estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal. Se incluyeron a varones y mujeres, mayores de edad, portadores de insuficiencia renal crónica de los hospitales mencionados. La presencia de sarcopenia se evaluó con medidas antropométricas, la fuerza de presión palmar y la funcionalidad determinada con el cuestionario EuroQol-5D. Se midieron también variables demográficas y clínicas. Se reclutó un grupo control de sujetos jóvenes sanos para obtener parámetros antropométricos comparativos. La investigación fue aprobada por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad Privada del Este, Paraguay. Resultados: se incluyeron 119 pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica, siendo 62 varones con edad media 56 ± 15 años y 57 mujeres con edad media 61 ± 16 años. Se recluta- ron 150 sujetos sanos, siendo 51 varones con edad media 26 ± 5 años y 99 mujeres con edad media 25 ± 5 años. La etiología predominante de la insuficiencia renal crónica fue la combinación de hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus (45,4%). Al medir las medidas antropométricas, la fuerza de presión palmar y la funcionalidad se confirmó sarcopenia en 38,66% de los pacientes. Comparando variables demográficas y clínicas entre los diferentes grados de sarcopenia, sólo la edad resultó mayor en los sujetos con sarcopenia severa. Conclusión: en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica la sarcopenia se confirmó en 38,66%.

Abstract: Introduction: Sarcopenia can present in longstanding diseases such as chronic kidney failure (CKD). Its detection enables the initiation of specific therapeutic measures to avoid complications. Objective: To describe the frequency of sarcopenia in adult patients with CKD at the Hospital Nacional and Hospital Militar in 2021. Methodology: We conducted an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study design. The presence of sarcopenia was evaluated with anthropometric measurements. The hand grip strength and functionality was determined with the EuroQol5D questionnaire. Demographic and clinical variables were also measured. A control group of healthy young subjects was recruited to obtain comparative anthropometric parameters. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Universidad Privada del Este, Paraguay. Results: 119 patients with CKD were included, 62 men with a mean age of 56 ± 15 years and 57 women with a mean age of 61 ± 16 years. 150 healthy subjects were recruited, 51 men with a mean age 26 ± 5 years and 99 women with a mean age 25 ± 5 years. The predominant etiology of CKD was the combination of arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus (45.4%). Sarcopenia was confirmed in 38.66% of the patients using anthropometric measurements, hand grip strength and functionality. Comparing demographic and clinical variables between the groups with different stages of sarcopenia, only age was higher in the subjects with severe sarcopenia. Conclusion: Sarcopenia was confirmed in 38.66% of patients with CKD%.

This study describes the fast and simultaneous determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis in plant extracts of shoot and root of tomato plants. Frequentuse of acidic precipitation of protein generates an acidic matrixof strength and pH tha may cause changes inthe method sensitivity, comigration of species or changes in the equilibria that relate both species in cells or fluids. In this study, the resulting acidic matrix was previously treated with the same background electrolyte to prevent comigration and to improve signal resolution. Optimization of some parameters of the technique allowed the determination of both analytes in less than three minutes. The optimized method showed good reproducibility and linearity, with correlation coefficients above 0.999 and detection limits below 3 µM for both peptides. Analyte recovery in the process was in the 88-104% range. The concentration found in tomato plants hydroponically grown inthe absence of stress factors was inthe 51-100 nmol g-1 range, fresh weight for GSH and 5-32 nmol g-1 range, fresh weightfor GSSG

Este trabalho objetivou determinar a CL50 de um peptídeo produzido pelo fungo N. rileyi, para larvas de 3º ínstar de A. gemmatalis. O peptídeo foi produzido através de fermentação aerada, em meio SMY, sob condições controladas por 12 dias. O metabólito foi purificado, utilizando-se de sistemas de cromatografia. Os cristais obtidos foram então armazenados a baixa temperatura para posterior análise da atividade biológica. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em 3 repetições, com tratamentos que consistiram de soluções com 0,0001; 0,001; 0,01; 0,1; 0,2 e 1,0 mg/mL. Através de análise de regressão chegou-se a equação da reta Y = 6,81176 + 1,01382 * LOGx e um valor para CL50 de 0,0163 mg/mL.

The entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson produced a peptide active against Anticarsia gemmatalis 3rd instar larvae. To produce this peptide, N. rileyi was cultivated aerobically in Saboraud, maltose, yeast-extract broth at 26 ± 1ºC for 12 days, after which the medium was filtered and separated in a liquid/liquid extractor, concentrated and the peptide purified chromatographically. The crystals obtained were kept refrigerated until needed for LC50 analysis. The LC50 of this peptide against A. gemmatalis 3rd instar larvae was determined in triplicate experiments using solutions containing 1.0, 0.2, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 and 0.0001 mg/ml of N. rileyi peptide. The results of these experiments were used to calculate a linear equation in which Y = 6,81176 + 1,01382 * LOGx , giving a LC50 value of 0.0163 mg/ml.