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au:Richardson, V.

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Recognition of infants at high risk for vertical HIV transmission at delivery in rural Western Cape Province, South Africa
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Richardson, T R

; Esterhuizen, T M

; Engelbrecht, A L

; Slogrove, A L

SAMJ: South African Medical Journal

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nov 2022, Volume 112 N. 11 Pages 860 - 865

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND: Despite South Africa's substantial reduction in vertical HIV transmission (VHT), national paediatric HIV elimination is not yet attained. National and Western Cape Province (WC) HIV guidelines recommend enhanced postnatal prophylaxis for infants at high risk for VHT, identified in the WC 2015/2016 guidelines by any single high-risk criterion (maternal antiretroviral therapy (ART) <12 weeks, absent/ unsuppressed maternal HIV viral load (HIV-VL) <12 weeks before/including delivery, spontaneous preterm labour, prolonged rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis). Accuracy of high-risk infant identification is unknown OBJECTIVES: Primarily, to determine the proportion of infants at high risk for VHT, the accuracy of labour-ward risk classification, the criteria determining high-risk statuses and the criteria missed among unrecognised high-risk infants; secondarily, to determine maternal factors associated with high-risk infants METHODS: Infants born to women living with HIV at a rural regional hospital (May 2016 - April 2017) were retrospectively evaluated using data from the labour ward VHT register, standardised maternity case records, National Health Laboratory Service database and WC Provincial Health Data Centre. The study-derived risk status for each infant was determined using documented presence/absence of risk criteria and compared with labour ward assigned risk to determine accuracy. Proportions of high-risk and unrecognised high-risk infants with each high-risk criterion were determined. Maternal characteristics associated with having a high-risk infant were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression RESULTS: For liveborn infants, labour ward assigned risk classifications were 40% (n=75/188) high risk, 50% (n=94/188) low risk and 10% (n=19/188) unclassified. Study-derived risk was high risk for 69% (n=129/188) and low risk for 31% (n=59/188), yielding a high-risk classification sensitivity of 51% (95% confidence interval (CI) 42 - 60) and specificity of 69% (95% CI 56 - 80). Absent/unsuppressed HIV-VL <12 weeks before delivery accounted for 83% (n=119/143) of study-derived high-risk exposures and 81% (n=60/74) of missed high-risk exposures. Fewer mothers of high-risk infants had >4 antenatal visits (38% v. 81%, p<0.01) and first antenatal visit <20 weeks' gestation (57% v. 77%, p=0.01). Only the number of antenatal visits remained associated with having a high-risk infant after adjusting for gestation at first visit and timing of HIV diagnosis and ART initiation: each additional antenatal visit conferred a 39% (95% CI 25 - 50) reduction in the odds of having a high-risk infant CONCLUSION: Labour ward risk classification failed to recognise half of high-risk infants. Infant high-risk status as well as non-detection thereof were driven by suboptimal maternal HIV-VL monitoring. Reinforcing visit frequency later in pregnancy may improve antenatal HIV-VL monitoring, and point-of-care HIV-VL monitoring at delivery could improve recognition of virally unsuppressed mothers and their high-risk infants

https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2022.v112i11.16541

Information system evaluation for cervical cancer detection program in Mexican women
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González-González, E. L.

; Ruiz Fraga, I.

; Palacio-Mejía, L. S.

; Chávez-Cárdenas, M. Y.

; Molina-Vélez, D.

; García-Morales, C.

; Hernández-Montes, R. I.

; Richardson-López Collada, V. L.

Journal of applied research and technology

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2022, Volume 20 N. 4 Pages 502 - 519

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the design and implementation of the Information System for Cervical Cancer Detection Program in Women in the Institute for Social Security and Services for State Workers. We performed a retrospective study applying the framework and tools for Performance Routine Information System Management (PRISM). A sample of 38 subjects was interviewed in 13 health facilities. The information system’s evaluation showed an overall performance of 73.7% at the beginning of 2017. The improvement between versions was mainly observed in the quality of the data (64.6% vs 72.5%), while the use of the information was very similar (78.6% vs 78.9%). We concluded that this information system provides good information to follow-up and control of its beneficiary population. However, there is an opportunity to improve health staff training, also new indicators for health outcomes are required.

https://doi.org/10.22201/icat.24486736e.2022.20.4.1384

Integrative Approach Based on Leaf Spray Mass Spectrometry, HPLC-DAD-MS/MS, and NMR for Comprehensive Characterization of Isoquinoline-Derived Alkaloids in Leaves of Onychopetalum amazonicum R. E. Fr.
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Lima, Bruna R. de

; Silva, Felipe M. A. da

; Soares, Elzalina R.

; Almeida, Richardson A. de

; Silva-Filho, Francinaldo A. da

; Barison, Andersson

; Costa, Emmanoel V.

; Koolen, Hector H. F.

; Souza, Afonso D. L. de

; Pinheiro, Maria Lúcia B.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jan 2020, Volume 31 N. 1 Pages 79 - 89

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Onychopetalum is an Amazonian botanical genus close-related with Bocageopsis and Unonopsis, whose species are used in traditional medicine. Although these genera are widely investigated from the phytochemical viewpoint, the knowledge about Onychopetalum remains almost unexplored. In order to perform a comprehensive characterization of isoquinoline-derived alkaloids from Onychopetalum amazonicum, an integrative approach based on the alkaloid profile analysis by leaf spray mass spectrometry (LS-MS), followed by a robust dereplication through high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry, (HPLC-DAD-APCI-MS/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis was adopted. LS-MS allowed the tentative identification of reticuline, norjuziphine, nornuciferine, O-methylisopiline, nuciferine, N-methyl-O-methylisopiline, anonaine, and N-methylanonaine. HPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis supported the tentative identification of N-methylasimilobine, asimilobine, norushinsunine, N-methylisopiline, isopiline, liriodenine, and lysicamine. Moreover, the integration of MS and NMR data allowed the additional identification of stepholidine and isocorypalmine. The applied integrative approach proposed herein enabled a comprehensive analysis of the alkaloid content from the O. amazonicum, showing to be a useful strategy for the dereplication of isoquinoline-derived alkaloids.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190125 775 downloads

Effect of caffeine ingestion on fluid balance during exercise in the heat and during recovery
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Zhang, Y

; Carter, S J

; Schumacker, R E

; Neggers, Y H

; Curtner-Smith, M D

; Richardson, M T

; Green, J M

; Bishop, P A

South African Journal of Sports Medicine

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2014, Volume 26 N. 2 Pages 43 - 47

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND: The effect of ingestion of a common stimulant, caffeine, on fluid balance during exercise and recovery is not fully known. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of caffeine on fluid balance during exercise in the heat and during a 3-hour recovery period thereafter. METHODS: In a randomised, controlled design, caffeine-naive participants (N=8) pedalled on a bike to achieve 2.5% baseline body mass loss in a hot environment in four separate conditions: with (C+) or without (C-) caffeine ingestion (6 mg/kg of body mass) prior to exercise, followed by (W+) or without (W-) 100% fluid replenishment (water) of the body mass loss during a 3-hour recovery period (yielding C+W+, C+W-, C-W+ and C-W-, respectively). RESULTS: Mean (standard deviation) urine production was not different (p>0.05) regardless of rehydration status: 230 (162) mL (C+W-) v. 168 (77) mL (C-W-); and 713 (201) mL (C+W+) v. 634 (185) mL (C-W+). For the 3-hour recovery, caffeine ingestion caused higher hypohydration during rehydration conditions (p=0.02), but practically the mean difference in the loss of body mass was only 0.2 kg. CONCLUSION: In practical terms, there was no evidence that caffeine ingestion in moderation would impair fluid balance during prolonged exercise in the heat or during 3 hours of recovery.

https://doi.org/10.7196/SAJSM.513 822 downloads

Isolation and amino acid sequencing by MALDI-TOF-MS/MS of a novel antimicrobial anionic peptide from the skin secretion of Osteocephalus taurinus (Anura, Hylidae)
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Costa, Túlio O. G.

; Almeida, Richardson A.

; Melo, Jorge T.

; Koolen, Hector H. F.

; Silva, Felipe M. A. da

; Leite, José Roberto S. A.

; Prates, Maura V.

; Bloch Jr., Carlos

; Pinto, Angelo C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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dec 2012, Volume 23 N. 12 Pages 2133 - 2136

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Por meio de técnicas cromatográficas, um novo peptídeo aniônico, denominado otacidina, foi isolado das secreções cutâneas de três anuros brasileiros Osteocephalus taurinus. O sequenciamento de novo dos aminoácidos foi realizado por meio de análises por espectrometria de massas por tempo de vôo acoplada à ionização dessortiva de matriz por laser (MALDI-TOF-MS/MS). O potencial antimicrobiano deste novo metabólito foi avaliado contra cepas de Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, sendo observadas concentrações inibitórias mínimas (MICs) de 37,4 e 78,4 mM, respectivamente. Este trabalho é apenas o segundo relato de um peptídeo aniônico com propriedades antimicrobianas, isolado da pele de um anfíbio.

By means of chromatographic techniques, a novel anionic peptide, named otacidin, was isolated from the skin secretions of tree Brazilian anurans Osteocephalus taurinus. The de novo sequencing of the amino acids was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS/MS) analyses. The antimicrobial potential of this novel metabolite was evaluated against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, being observed minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) of 37.4 and 78.4 mM, respectively. This work is just the second report of an antimicrobial anionic peptide from an amphibian.

2985 downloads

Elliptic flow, eccentricity and eccentricity fluctuations
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Loizides, Constantin

; Alver, B.

; Back, B.B.

; Baker, M.D.

; Ballintijn, M.

; Barton, D.S.

; Betts, R.R.

; Bindel, R.

; Busza, W.

; Chai, Z.

; Chetluru, V.

; García, E.

; Gburek, T.

; Gulbrandsen, K.

; Hamblen, J.

; Harnarine, I.

; Henderson, C.

; Hofman, D.J.

; Hollis, R.S.

; Holynski, R.

; Holzman, B.

; Iordanova, A.

; Kane, J.L.

; Kulinich, P.

; Kuo, C.M.

; Li, W.

; Lin, W.T.

; Manly, S.

; Mignerey, A.C.

; Nouicer, R.

; Olszewski, A.

; Pak, R.

; Reed, C.

; Richardson, E.

; Roland, C.

; Roland, G.

; Sagerer, J.

; Sedykh, I.

; Smith, C.E.

; Stankiewicz, M.A.

; Steinberg, P.

; Stephans, G.S.F.

; Sukhanov, A.

; Szostak, A.

; Tonjes, M.B.

; Trzupek, A.

; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.J.

; Vaurynovich, S.S.

; Verdier, R.

; Veres, G.I.

; Walters, P.

; Wenger, E.

; Willhelm, D.

; Wolfs, F.L.H.

; Wosiek, B.

; Wozniak, K.

; Wyngaardt, S.

; Wyslouch, B.

Brazilian Journal of Physics

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jun 2007, Volume 37 N. 2c Pages 770 - 772

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Differential studies of elliptic flow are one of the most powerful tools in studying the initial conditions and dynamical evolution of heavy ion collisions. The comparison of data from Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions taken with the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC provides new information on the interplay between initial geometry and initial particle density in determining the observed final state flow pattern. Studies from PHOBOS point to the importance of fluctuations in the initial state geometry for understanding the Cu+Cu data. We relate the elliptic flow data to the results of our model studies on initial state geometry fluctuations and discuss how we will perform measurements of event-by-event fluctuations in elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions.

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La atención prenatal en la ciudad fronteriza de Tijuana, México
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Ramírez-Zetina, M.

; Richardson, V.

; Ávila, H.

; Caraveo, V. E.

; Salomón, R. E.

; Bacardí, M.

; Jiménez-Cruz, A.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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feb 2000, Volume 7 N. 2 Pages 97 - 101

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

This study was intended to explore the conditions under which prenatal care is delivered in the border city of Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico, and to assess the possible associations between that care and neonatal results in terms of birthweight, health of the neonate, and prematurity. Seven hospitals serving persons from different socioeconomic strata were chosen, and between December 1993 and March 1994 interviews were conducted with 279 women who were in the first 24 to 48 hours of puerperium. During the interviews data were collected on socioeconomic level; the mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning obstetric health; the mothers' perceptions of access to prenatal care; the quality of prenatal care visits (evaluated in terms of having blood and urine tested and weight and blood pressure measured); and the gynecological and obstetric and health history of the mother. A database was created using the SPSS statistics software package. Possible associations were explored, with prenatal care as the independent variable and various dependent variables, by means of contingency tables and a two-tailed Fisher's exact test. None of the neonates was premature, ill, or had a birthweight of <= 2 500 g. For this reason it was decided to divide the variable corresponding to birthweight into two groupings, <= 3 000 g and > 3 000 g. A significant (P < 0.00038) relationship was found between a lack of prenatal care and low birthweight. In addition, a lack of prenatal care was associated with: low family income; the mother's financial dependence on the father; the mother being in an unmarried relationship; little communication with the partner; having no medical insurance; an unwanted pregnancy; and giving delivery at the General Hospital. Out of the total sample of 279 women, 15 (5.4%) had received no prenatal care. None of these 15 women reported they had encountered difficulties that prevented them from obtaining prenatal care, but only 7 of those women answered that question. The prenatal care was of good quality in 190 of the cases (68%). Both the number and the timing of the prenatal visits were adequate in 142 of the cases (50%). The mother's having worked during pregnancy or before had a positive predictive value in terms of utilization of prenatal care services. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the possible relationship between domestic violence and the lack of prenatal care or a delay in seeking such care.

El presente estudio se diseñó con el fin de conocer las condiciones en las que se realiza el control prenatal en la ciudad fronteriza de Tijuana, Baja California, México y de estudiar las posibles asociaciones entre ese tipo de atención y el resultado neonatal en términos de peso al nacer, estado de salud del neonato y prematuridad. Se seleccionaron siete hospitales que atienden a personas de diferentes estratos socioeconómicos y entre diciembre de 1993 y marzo de 1994 se entrevistó en ellos a 279 mujeres que cursaban las primeras 24 a 48 horas del puerperio. En la entrevista se recogieron datos sobre nivel socioeconómico; conceptos, actitudes y prácticas de las madres respecto de la salud obstétrica; percepción materna de acceso a los servicios de atención prenatal; calidad de las consultas de control prenatal (evaluada según la realización de pruebas de sangre y orina y la medición de la tensión arterial y del peso); y antecedentes ginecobstétricos y de salud de la madre. Se elaboró una base de datos con el paquete estadístico SPSS y se exploraron posibles asociaciones entre la atención prenatal como variable independiente y las diferentes variables dependientes mediante tablas de contingencia y la prueba de Fisher de dos colas.

3432 downloads Cited 5 times in SciELO

Medical Mycology: a practical approach
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EVANS, E. G. V.

; RICHARDSON, M. D.

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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oct 1990, Volume 32 N. 5 Pages 386 - 386

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

1430 downloads

Note on the sampling of sardine (Sardinella allecia) at Cananéia, State of São Paulo, Brazil
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Richardson, I. D.

; Sadowsky, V.

Boletim do Instituto Oceanográfico

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1960, Volume 11 N. 1 Pages 87 - 97

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este trabalho inclui uma análise da distribuição de comprimentos das sardinhas pescadas na Lagoa de Cananéia, ao sul do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Demonstra-se que as sardinhas jovens aparecem nas pescas realizadas durante o mês de outubro, crescem rapidamente mais ou menos até janeiro e daí para diante, mais vagarosamente, até atingirem o comprimento de 14 cm em abril, quando então desaparecem da Lagoa. Faz-se a correlação entre os desembarques de sardinhas maiores no Rio de Janeiro e das sardinhas pequenas desembarcadas em Cananéia no ano anterior. Sugere-se que a abundância de sardinhas desembarcadas em Cananéia, num ano, pode ser usada como índice de abundância de sardinhas no ano seguinte no Rio de Janeiro.

This paper includes an analysis of the length distribution of Sardine landed from the Lagoon of Cananéia in the south of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, in which it is shown that young Sardines appear in the catches during October, grow quickly until about January, and then more slowly until they reach the length of 14 cm in April. They then disappear from the Lagoon. A correlation is made between the landings of larger Sardine in Rio de Janeiro and the small Sardine landed in Cananéia the previous year. It is suggested that the abundance of Sardine landed in Cananéia may be used as an index of abundance in the following year at Rio de Janeiro.

640 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

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