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RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar as coberturas vacinais e o atraso nas doses de vacinas em lactentes em seis municípios da região Sul do Brasil. Metodologia Inquérito Nacional de Cobertura Vacinal 2020, com lactentes nascidos vivos em 2017 e 2018, realizado entre setembro de 2020 e março de 2022. Foram avaliadas as coberturas de doses aplicadas, doses em dia e o tempo de atraso da aplicação. Resultados Para 4.681 lactentes analisados, as coberturas para vacinas indicadas até os 24 meses foram de 68,0% (IC95% 63,9;71,8) para doses aplicadas e 3,9% (IC95% 2,7;5,7) para doses em dia. A maioria das aplicações em atraso foi ≤ 3 meses. Para alguns reforços, 25% das aplicações atrasaram ≥ 6 meses. Conclusão Além da busca de faltosos às vacinas, são necessárias estratégias para estímulo ao cumprimento do esquema de vacinação nas idades preconizadas. Brasil 201 2018 202 2022 aplicação 4681 4 681 4.68 analisados 2 680 68 0 68,0 IC95% IC95 IC (IC95 63,971,8 639718 63,9 71,8 63 9 71 8 63,9;71,8 39 3,9 2,75,7 2757 2,7 5,7 7 5 2,7;5,7 reforços 25 preconizadas 20 468 4.6 68, IC9 (IC9 971 63,971, 63971 639 63, 718 71, 63,9;71, 3, 75 2,75, 275 27 2, 57 5, 2,7;5, 46 4. (IC 97 63,971 6397 63,9;71 2,75 2,7;5 63,97 63,9;7 2,7; 63,9;

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate vaccination coverage and delay in vaccine dose administration in infants in six municipalities in the Southern region of Brazil. Methodology National Vaccination Coverage Survey 2020, with infants born alive in 2017 and 2018, carried out from September 2020 to March 2022. Coverage of doses administered, doses administered on time and delay in dose administration were evaluated. Results For 4681 infants analyzed, coverage for vaccines recommended up to 24 months was 68.0% (95%CI 63.9;71.8%) for doses administered and 3.9% (95%CI 2.7%;5.7%) for doses administered on time. Delay time for the majority of late vaccinations was ≤ 3 months. For some boosters, 25% of vaccine administration was delayed by ≥ 6 months. Conclusion In addition to tracking vaccine defaulters, strategies are needed to encourage compliance with the vaccination schedule at the recommended ages. Brazil 201 2018 202 2022 evaluated 468 analyzed 2 680 68 0 68.0 95%CI 95CI CI 95 63.971.8% 639718 63.9 71.8% 63 9 71 8 63.9;71.8% 39 3.9 2.7%5.7% 2757 2.7% 5.7% 7 5 2.7%;5.7% boosters 25 defaulters ages 20 46 68. 971 63.971.8 63971 639 63. 718 71.8 63.9;71.8 3. 2.7%5.7 275 27 2.7 57 5.7 2.7%;5.7 4 97 63.971. 6397 71. 63.9;71. 2.7%5. 2. 5. 2.7%;5. 63.971 63.9;71 2.7%5 2.7%;5 63.97 63.9;7 2.7%; 63.9;

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2237-96222024v33e20231206.especial2.en

Vaccination coverage and delay in vaccination of infants born in 2017 and 2018 in municipalities in the Southern region of Brazil: National Vaccination Coverage Survey 2020
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Luhm, Karin Regina

; Boing, Antonio Fernando

; Mengue, Sotero Serrate

; Daniel, Neiva de Souza

; Mélo, Tainá Ribas

; Farion, Raquel Jaqueline

; França, Ana Paula

; Moraes, José Cássio de

; Silva, Adriana Ilha da

; Ramos Jr., Alberto Novaes

; França, Ana Paula

; Oliveira, Andrea de Nazaré Marvão

; Boing, Antonio Fernando

; Domingues, Carla Magda Allan Santos

; Oliveira, Consuelo Silva de

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia

; Guibu, Ione Aquemi

; Mirabal, Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa

; Barbosa, Jaqueline Caracas

; Lima, Jaqueline Costa

; Moraes, José Cássio de

; Luhm, Karin Regina

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; Lima, Luisa Helena de Oliveira

; Antunes, Maria Bernadete de Cerqueira

; Teixeira, Maria da Gloria

; Teixeira, Maria Denise de Castro

; Borges, Maria Fernanda de Sousa Oliveira

; Queiroz, Rejane Christine de Sousa

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; Barata, Rita Barradas

; Azevedo, Roberta Nogueira Calandrini de

; Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

; Gama, Silvana Granado Nogueira da

; Mengue, Sotero Serrate

; Simões, Taynãna César

; Nascimento, Valdir

; Araújo, Wildo Navegantes de

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2024, Volume 33 N. spe2 elocation e20231206

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2237-96222024v33e20231206.especial2.en

Neurological, cognitive and learning evaluation of students who were born preterm
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Carmo, André Luis Santos do

; Fredo, Fernanda Wagner

; Bruck, Isac

; Lima, Joseli do Rocio Maito de

; Janke, Rebecca Nóbrega Ribas Gusso Harder

; Fogaça, Thais da Glória Messias

; Glaser, Jacqueline Andrea

; Riechi, Tatiana Izabele Jaworski de Sá

; Antoniuk, Sergio Antonio

Revista Paulista de Pediatria

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2022, Volume 40 elocation e2020252

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil de desenvolvimento cognitivo e acadêmico de recém-nascidos pré-termo em idade escolar e indicar os fatores relacionados à prematuridade e ao perfil sociodemográfico que influenciam esse resultado. Métodos: Recrutaram-se pacientes com idades entre 6 e 14 anos que fizeram seguimento no ambulatório de acompanhamento de prematuros. As capacidades cognitiva, acadêmica e neurológica foram acessadas por avaliação pormenorizada com neuropediatra, neuropsicóloga e psicopedagoga. Buscaram-se os dados neonatais nos prontuários. Resultados: Foram incluídos 97 recém-nascidos pré-termo e excluídos 14, resultando em 83 crianças. A idade gestacional foi 30±3 semanas e o peso de nascimento 1138g (605; 4185g). Tiveram mau desempenho em escrita 38,4%, leitura 57,5% e matemática 42,5%. A média de quociente de inteligência total foi de 96,0±14,9 pontos, sendo 10,9% considerados alterados. Crianças com famílias desestruturadas apresentaram 78,3% de falha de leitura (p=0,029). Pela regressão multivariada, houve relação entre idade gestacional ao nascimento e pontuação no miniexame do estado mental (minimental) clássico (p=0,043), quociente de inteligência total (p=0,047), quociente de inteligência organização perceptual (p=0,035) e quociente de inteligência velocidade de processamento (p=0,036); entre peso ao nascer e minimental clássico (p=0,004) e adaptado (p=0,007); entre tempo de ventilação mecânica invasiva e minimental clássico (p=0,049); e entre idade materna mais baixa e quociente de inteligência velocidade de processamento (p=0,033). Conclusões: Os recém-nascidos pré-termo apresentaram alta frequência de falha nos testes de avaliação cognitiva e acadêmica. Uma série de intercorrências neonatais apresenta associação com alterações no desenvolvimento cognitivo e escolar.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the cognitive and academic profile of preterm newborns at school age and to determine the factors related to prematurity and sociodemographic profile that influence these results. Methods: Patients aged 6-14 years old that were assisted in the preterm follow-up clinic were recruited. The cognitive, academic, and neurological capacities were accessed through a detailed evaluation with a child neurologist, a neuropsychologist and a psychopedagogue. Neonatal data were collected from patient records. Results: 97 children were included and 14 were excluded from the study, resulting in 83 children. Gestational age (GA) was 30±3 weeks and weight at birth was 1138g (605 to 4185g). Poor performance was shown in 38.4% for writing, 57.5% for reading and 42.5% for mathematics. The mean total intelligence quotient (IQ) was 96±14.9 points, and 10.9% were considered altered. Children with unstructured families presented 78.3% of failure in reading tests (p=0.029). The multivariate analysis showed association between GA at birth and classic mini-mental score (p=0.043), total IQ (p=0.047), perceptual organization IQ (p=0.035), and processing speed IQ (p=0.036). There was also association between weight at birth and the classic (p=0.004) and adapted (p=0.007) mini-mental scores; invasive mechanic ventilation duration and classic mini-mental (p=0.049); and lower maternal age and processing speed IQ (p=0.033). Conclusions: Preterm infants at school age had high frequency of failure in cognitive and academic evaluation tests. Learning difficulties are high among them. Multiple neonatal variables are related with altered cognitive and students development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2020252 3 downloads

Classification of chikungunya cases: a proposal
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Brito, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de

; Freitas, André Ricardo Ribas

; Said, Rodrigo Fabiano

; Falcão, Melissa Barreto

; Cunha, Rivaldo Venâncio da

; Siqueira, André Machado

; Teixeira, Maria Glória

; Ribeiro, Guilherme Sousa

; Brito, Marina Coelho Moraes de

; Cavalcanti, Luciano Pamplona de Góes

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2020, Volume 53 elocation e20200529

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0529-2020 504 downloads

The participation of Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMSs) in the perception of pain in patients with migraine: A psychological profile
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Ribas, Ketlin Helenise dos Santos

; Ribas, Valdenilson Ribeiro

; Barros, Silano Souto Mendes

; Ribas, Valéria Ribeiro

; Filizola, Maria da Glória Nogueira

; Ribas, Renata de Melo Guerra

; Silva, Paulo César da

; Kucera, Carlos Augusto Cardoso

; Martins, Hugo André de Lima

Dementia & Neuropsychologia

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mar 2018, Volume 12 N. 1 Pages 68 - 74

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O questionário de esquemas iniciais desadaptativos de Young (YSQ-S3) é usado para se entender aspectos psicológicos. Objetivo: Os EIDs foram avaliados em pacientes com migrânea. Métodos: Sessenta e cinco indivíduos foram avaliados utilizando YSQ-S3 sob condições padrão em uma sala com ar condicionado a 22 ± 2°C. Os sujeitos foram estratificados pela morbidade (migrânea), por gênero (masculino/feminino) e por idade (18-29 / 30-39 / 40-55). Controle (sem migrânea), n = 27 e com migrânea, n = 38, homens (n = 19) e mulheres (n = 46); indivíduos com idade entre 18 a 29 anos, n = 34, entre 30-39 anos, n = 14 e entre 40-55 anos, n = 17. Os dados foram analisados usando o teste do qui-quadrado, com valores p <0,05. Os resultados foram expressos em porcentagens em tabelas de contingência. Resultados: Houve associação significativa entre migrânea e gênero feminino (84,21%; p-valor <0,05, Tabela 1), entre hipervigilância e inibição, e padrões excessivamente rígidos (56,52%; p-valor <0,0,014, Tabela 2) e gênero feminino com migrânea. Além disso, houve associação significativa entre hipervigilância e inibição, e padrões excessivamente rígidos (73,68%; p-valor <0,0001) e autopunição (84,21%; p-valor <0,0001) em pacientes com migrânea de ambos os gêneros (Tabela 3). Conclusão: Os indivíduos com migrânea têm um perfil psicológico de serem excessivamente exigentes consigo e com os outros e de se autopunirem, sendo isso mais frequente em mulheres.

ABSTRACT Young's early maladaptive schemas questionnaire (YSQ-S3) is used to understand psychological aspects. Objective: EMSs were evaluated in patients with migraine. Methods: Sixty-five subjects were evaluated using the YSQ-S3 under standard conditions in a room with air conditioning at 22 ± 2°C. The subjects were stratified by morbidity (migraine), gender (male/female) and age (18-29 / 30-39 / 40-55). Controls (without migraine), n = 27 and patients (with migraine), n = 38, men (n = 19) and women (n = 46); participants aged 18-29 years, n = 34, aged 30-39 years, n = 14 and aged 40-55 years, n = 17. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, with p-values <0.05. Results were expressed as percentages in contingency tables. Results: There was a significant association between migraine and female gender (84.21%; p-value <0.05, Table 1), between hypervigilance and inhibition, and unrelenting standards (56.52%; p-value <0.0.014, Table 2) and female gender with migraine. Moreover, there was a significant association between hypervigilance and inhibition, and unrelenting standards (73.68%; p-value <0.0001) and self-punishment (84.21%; p-value <0.0001) in patients with migraine of both genders (Table 3). Conclusion: The individuals with migraine had a psychological profile of being overly demanding with themselves and others and self-punishing, where this was more frequent in women.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642018dn12-010010 1003 downloads

Evasão e retenção no curso de Biblioteconomia da UFRGS
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Vanz, Samile Andrea de Souza

; Pereira, Patrícia Mallmann Souto

; Ferreira, Glória Isabel Sattamini

; Machado, Geraldo Ribas

Avaliação: Revista da Avaliação da Educação Superior (Campinas)

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jul 2016, Volume 21 N. 2 Pages 541 - 568

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Divulga resultados da pesquisa sobre evasão e retenção no curso de Biblioteconomia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) no período 2000/1 a 2009/2. Define aspectos do perfil do aluno deste Curso quanto a ingresso, renda familiar, motivação em relação ao curso, atividades remuneradas, utilização de benefícios da Pró-Reitoria de Assuntos Estudantis, motivação para a retenção, sentimento quanto à possibilidade de desistência do curso e quanto ao mercado de trabalho. Utiliza método quali-quantitativo, por meio de aplicação de questionários e entrevistas. Os resultados apontam um índice de evasão de quase 40% e de retenção de 46%; há forte relação entre a vontade do aluno de cursar Biblioteconomia e o nível de conhecimento do currículo e das possibilidades de atuação profissional; a fragilidade na escolha do curso pode ser responsável por grande parte das retenções e evasões no curso; a necessidade de trabalhar representa grande influência na retenção e na evasão no curso; 50% dos alunos têm renda familiar inferior a 3,5 salários mínimos; há considerável utilização de benefícios concedidos pela universidade por parte dos alunos do curso; 86,2% dos alunos que evadiram sentiam-se insatisfeitos ou pouco satisfeitos com o curso; 66% dos alunos que evadiram do curso de Biblioteconomia ingressaram posteriormente em outro curso superior e estão cursando ou já se graduaram; a iniciativa para desistir e, de fato, a desistência, acontece logo no início do curso, especialmente no primeiro semestre. Conclui-se que no geral o aluno de Biblioteconomia da UFRGS tem grande responsabilidade com relação à sua família ou ao seu sustento próprio; muitos alunos são atraídos ao curso por interesses pelo ensino superior, mas sem conhecer mais profundamente a área de Biblioteconomia; os três primeiros semestres são decisivos no que tange a um trabalho específico para reduzir as retenções e acelerar as evasões, caso sejam inevitáveis.

Abstract: Reports the research results on dropout and grade retention of students in the course of Librarianship at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) between 2000/1-2009/2. It defines aspects of the profile of the student of this course such as entry, family income, motivation towards the course, paid activities, use of benefits from the Office of Student Affairs, motivation for grade retention, feeling towards the possibility of cancellation of the course and in relation to the labor market. It uses a qualitative and quantitative method, by applying questionnaires and interviews. The results show a dropout rate of almost 40% and a grade retention of 46%; there is a strong relationship between the student's willingness to attend the course of Librarianship and his/her level of knowledge about the curriculum and about the possibilities of professional practice. Weak reasons for the choice of the course may be responsible for a large percentage of dropouts and long-term students, as well as their need to work, because 50% of the students have family incomes below the rate of 3.5 minimum wages. There is considerable use of the benefits granted by the university among students of the course; 86.2 % of students who have dropped out felt dissatisfied or only somewhat satisfied with the course; 66 % of students who dropped out of the course of Librarianship later joined another course that they are attending or have already graduated; the choice to give up, and in fact the dropout occurs early in the course, especially along the first semester. It concludes that the average student of Librarianship at UFRGS has a great sense of responsibility towards his/her family or his/her own support; many students are attracted to the course by their interest for higher education, but without a deeper understanding of the field of librarianship; the first three semesters are decisive in regard to specific measures to reduce grade retention and accelerate dropouts, if unavoidable.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1414-40772016000200012 3721 downloads

Neumonitis intersticial como reacción adversa a inhibidores de mTOR
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Molas-Ferrer, Gloria

; Soy-Muner, Dolors

; Anglada-Martínez, Helena

; Riu-Viladoms, Gisela

; Estefanell-Tejero, Anna

; Ribas-Sala, Josep

Nefrología (Madrid)

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2013, Volume 33 N. 3 Pages 297 - 300

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Introduction: mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitors sirolimus and everolimus, used as immunosuppressants in solid organ transplantation, may cause severe adverse effects, such as interstitial pneumonitis. Incidence and clinical presentation: The estimated incidence of interstitial pneumonitis is 4-11% although it may be higher. Most reported cases have occurred in renal transplant recipients treated with sirolimus. Clinical presentation is heterogeneous, which makes diagnosis difficult. Abnormalities, such as ground glass opacities, are often found in computerised axial tomography scans of the chest. Physiopathology is not well-known. However, patients with abnormal renal function and those with previous calcineurin inhibitor treatment display a higher incidence. The relationship between pneumonitis and mTOR inhibitor plasma concentrations is not well defined. Treatment: Drug discontinuation and administration of high doses of corticosteroids seems to be an effective treatment. mTOR inhibitor dose reduction and replacing sirolimus with everolimus are other alternatives, but they are still under discussion. Conclusion: Iatrogenic pneumonitis must be suspected when a transplant recipient being treated with mTOR inhibitors presents respiratory symptoms. There is lack of conclusive data on treatment strategies. It appears that everolimus may be tolerated better than sirolimus.

Introducción: Los inhibidores de mTOR (del inglés mammalian target of rapamycin), sirolimus y everolimus, utilizados como tratamiento inmunosupresor en el trasplante de órganos sólidos, pueden producir efectos adversos graves, como la neumonitis intersticial. Incidencia y presentación clínica: La incidencia de neumonitis intersticial se ha estimado entre el 4 % y el 11 %, aunque podría ser mayor. La mayoría de los casos publicados se ha producido en pacientes trasplantados renales en tratamiento con sirolimus. La presentación clínica es heterogénea, lo que dificulta el diagnóstico. Se acostumbra a observar alteraciones en la tomografía axial computarizada torácica, como opacidades en vidrio deslustrado. La fisiopatología es poco conocida. Sin embargo, se ha observado una mayor incidencia en pacientes con función renal alterada y en pacientes que habían recibido inhibidores de calcineurina previamente. La relación entre aparición de neumonitis y concentraciones plasmáticas de inhibidores de mTOR no está bien definida. Tratamiento: La suspensión del fármaco y la administración de dosis altas de corticoides parecen ser efectivos. Otras alternativas terapéuticas, aunque más discutidas, son la reducción de la dosis del inhibidor de mTOR y el cambio de sirolimus a everolimus. Conclusión: Se debe sospechar de neumonitis iatrogénica en pacientes trasplantados en tratamiento con inhibidores de mTOR y con síntomas respiratorios. Faltan datos concluyentes en cuanto a estrategias de tratamiento. Parece que everolimus podría ser mejor tolerado que sirolimus.

https://doi.org/10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2013.Jan.11439 637 downloads

Abordaje endoscópico de los quistes gliales pineales sintomaticos
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Villalba Martínez, Gloria

; Caral Pons, Luis Alberto

; Fiol Busquets, Bartolomeu

; Fabregas Juliá, Neus

; Ribalta Ribas, Teresa

; Boget Prats, Teresa

; Raspall Borell, Antoni

; Ferrer Rodríguez, Enric

Revista argentina de neurocirugía

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dec 2009, Volume 23 N. 4

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Objetive. Sympotomatic glial pineal cyst (GPC) are unfrequent. Surgical management of these cysts is not consensed. In the literature there are 18 cases reported treated by endoscopic approach. The purpose of this study is to contribute with our experience to the endoscopic treatment of the GPC. Materials and Methods. Between 1999 and 2004, five patients with GPC underwent an endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and cyst fenestration. We have used a rigid endoscope, with neuronavegation system in the cases without hydrocephalus. Results. In the follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 4 tears we have reported: clinical resolution in four cases and cyst size decrease in all cases. All the ETV have been patent. There was not perman ent morbility and not surgery related death. Discussion. An agreement doesn't exist in the literature about the better treatment of the surgery or by stereotaxy as the best treatment. There are great differences in the surgical management between the 18 endoscopic cases reported in the literature, and also in relation with our cases. Conclusion. The ETV with endoscopic cyst fenestration is an efficient treatment due to the low morbidity and the effectiveness in the treatment of the GPC with or without hydrocephalus. The open surgery (specially with the endoscope assisting microneurosurgery) wolud be a second choice technique, and the stereotactic surgery must be abandoned.

Objetivo. Los quistes gliales pineales (QGP) son infrecuentes. El manejo quirúrgico de estos quistes no está consensuado. En la literatura se recogen 18 casos tratados por vía endoscópica. El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir con nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento endoscópico de los QGP. Material y método. Entre 1999 y 2004, cinco pacientes con QGP sintomáticos, con o sin hidrocefalia, se trataron mediante vintriculostomía premamilar endoscópica (VPE) y fenestración del quiste. Se utilizó un endoscopio rígido, con sistema de neuronavegación en los casos sin hidrocefalia. Resultados. En el período de seguimiento (de 6 meses a 4 años) se recoge una resolución clínica en 4 casos y una disminución del tamaño del quiste en todos los casos. Todas las VPE fueron permeables en el seguimiento. No hubo déficits clínicos permanentes en ningún caso. Discusión. No existe en la literatura un acuerdo en el mejor tratamiento quirúrgico de los QGP. A pesar de la gran aceptación de la vía endoscópica, un gran número de autores abogan por una cirugía abierta o por una cirugía extereotáxica como la mejor opción. Además, existen algunas diferencias en el manejo quirúrgico endoscópico según ofrece la literatura. Conclusión. La VPE con la fenestración del quiste es un tratamiento eficiente debido a la baja morbilidad y a la eficacia en la resolución clínica y radiológica de los QGP con o sin hidrocefalia. La cirugía abierta, especialmente con la ayuda endoscópica, podría ser un tratamietno de segunda elección, y la cirugía estereotáxica debería abandonarse en estos casos.

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Evolución temporal y distribución geográfica de la mortalidad por suicidio en Cataluña y España (1986-2002)
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Arán Barés, María

; Gispert, Rosa

; Puig, Xavier

; Freitas, Adriana

; Ribas, Gloria

; Puigdefàbregas, Anna

Gaceta Sanitaria

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dec 2006, Volume 20 N. 6 Pages 473 - 480

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Objective: To analyze time trends in Catalonia (1986-2002) and Spain (1986-2001) in suicide mortality and its geographical variation by health areas in Catalonia. Methods: Standard annual mortality rates were calculated by the direct method for Catalonia (1986-2002) and Spain (1986-2001) (standard population of Catalonia 1991). The adjusted annual percent change was analyzed by means of a Poisson regression by gender and by age group for Catalonia and Spain. For the geographical variation in Catalonia, standardized mortality ratio using the indirect method (SMR) were calculated by gender and for the 46 health areas for the entire period and the comparative mortality figures and its confidence intervals at 95% were analyzed grouping the years in period 1(1986-1994) and period 2 (1995-2002). Results: Men's mortality in Catalonia was lower than in Spain and an increase (not significant) was observed in both places during the period; for women, the evolution and rates were similar, with a small decrease (significant) for Catalonia and Spain. Differences in patterns and trends for age and sex were observed, showing a decrease in the elderly groups for both sexes and an increase for the young for Spain and Catalonia. In terms of geographic distribution, the health sectors of the Central, Northeast and South Catalonia zones show higher than average mortality. Conclusions: The time trends of mortality by suicide in Catalonia shows different patterns according to age and gender. A progressive homogenization in the territorial distribution by health areas was observed.

Objetivos: Estudiar la evolución temporal de la mortalidad por suicidio en Cataluña (1986-2002) y España (1986-2001), y analizar su distribución geográfica en esta comunidad autónoma. Métodos: Se calcularon las tasas anuales estandarizadas por edad para ambos sexos por el método directo y el porcentaje de cambio anual mediante un modelo de regresión de Poisson, por sexo y grupos de edad para Cataluña (1986-2002) y España (1986-2001). Para Cataluña, se calculó la razón de mortalidad estandarizada por el método indirecto (RME) por sexo, para los 46 sectores sanitarios y para todo el período, y la razón de mortalidad comparativa (RMC) y los intervalos de confianza (IC del 95%) agrupando los años en período 1 (1986-1994) y período 2 (1995-2002). Resultados: En Cataluña, la mortalidad en hombres es inferior que en España y se aprecia un incremento (no significativo) en el período estudiado en ambos territorios; en mujeres, la evolución y la magnitud de las tasas son similares a las del conjunto del Estado, y en los dos lugares se observa un ligero descenso (significativo) de las tasas. La evolución según la edad y el sexo muestra patrones diferenciados, destacando el descenso de las tasas en edades avanzadas en ambos sexos y el aumento en jóvenes en España y Cataluña. Los sectores sanitarios de la zona central, noreste y sur de Cataluña presentan una mortalidad superior a la media. Conclusiones: La evolución temporal de la mortalidad por suicidio en Cataluña y España muestra patrones diferentes según la edad y el sexo. En la distribución territorial en Cataluña se observa una progresiva homogeneización por sectores sanitarios.

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10.

Evolución temporal y distribución geográfica de la mortalidad por suicidio en Cataluña y España (1986-2002)
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Arán Barés, María

; Gispert, Rosa

; Puig, Xavier

; Freitas, Adriana

; Ribas, Gloria

; Puigdefàbregas, Anna

Gaceta Sanitaria

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dec 2006, Volume 20 N. 6 Pages 473 - 480

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

979 downloads

11.

Factores individuales y del entrono asociados a la variabilidad geográfica de los trastornos psicológicos entre áreas pequeñas: un análisis multinivel
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Gispert Magarolas, Rosa

; Puig Oriol, Xavier

; Palomera Fanegas, Elisabet

; Autonell Caldenteny, Jaume

; Giné Giné, Josep Mª

; Ribas Serra, Gloria

; Coll Fiol, José Juan

Revista Española de Salud Pública

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aug 2006, Volume 80 N. 4 Pages 335 - 347

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: To know the geographic distribution of the prevalence of psychological distress is important for mental health services planning. This study is aimed at identifying the individual factors and those related to the area of residence which may explain the geographic variability of psychological distress (by healthcare districts) in Catalonia. Methods: The data was taken from the 1994 Catalonian Health Survey and from the 1996 Catalonia population statistics. The prevalence of psychological distress is estimated by age and sex and by healthcare district. In a two-level logic regression model, a study is made of the relationship between the individual variables (first level: health survey n=12,455) and those of the area of residence (second level: the healthcare district, n=46) to the geographic distribution of the prevalence of psychological distress. Results: The significant variables at individual level are in men: age (45-64 years OR:0,63 y >64 years OR: 0,22), working status (no work OR:1,60) , number of chronic diseases (CD) (CD=1 OR: 1,75 CD=2 OR: 2,06 CD=3-5 OR:3,36 and CD>5 OR: 8,9). In women: age (25-44 years OR: 0,63 45-64 years OR:0,45 and >64 years OR: 0,32), working status (no work OR:1,30), number of chronic diseases (CD=1 OR: 1,75 CD=2 OR: 2,44 CD=3-5 OR:4,09 and CD>5 OR: 11,14), and also the kind of parental household in women (single-parental OR: 1,42). The variables at the level of the area of residence are inmigration (men OR:1,55 and women OR:1,68) and unemployment (men OR:1,07 and women OR:1,06). Conclusions: The individual factors do not suffice to explain the geographical variability of the prevalence of psychological distress, but the characteristics of the area of residence are also important.

Fundamento: Para planificar las necesidades de servicios sanitarios es fundamental conocer la distribución de la morbilidad por trastornos psicológicos en el territorio así como los factores que la determinan. El objetivo es identificar los factores que pueden explicar la variabilidad geográfica de estos trastornos en Cataluña. Métodos: Los datos proceden de la Encuesta de Salud de l994 y de la estadística de población de l996 para Cataluña. Se estima la prevalencia de trastornos psicológicos por edad y sexo y por sector sanitario. En un modelo de regresión logística a dos niveles se estudia la asociación entre las variables individuales (primer nivel: Encuesta de Salud n=12.455) y las de la zona de residencia (segundo nivel: el sector sanitario, n= 46) con la prevalencia de trastornos psicológicos. Resultados: Las variables individuales que influyen en las diferencias entre sectores son: la edad (45-64 años OR:0,63 y >64 años: OR:0,22), la situación laboral (no trabaja OR:1,60) y el número de trastornos crónicos (TC) (TC=1 OR: 1,75 TC=2 OR: 2,06 TC=3-5 OR:3,36 y TC>5 OR: 8,9) en hombres. En las mujeres, además de estas variables (edad 25-44 años OR: 0,63 45-64 años OR:0,45 y >64 años OR: 0,32 la situación laboral no trabaja OR:1,30 y el número de trastornos crónicos (TC) TC=1 OR: 1,75 TC=2 OR: 2,44 TC=3-5 OR:4,09 y TC>5 OR: 11,14), influye el tipo de hogar (monoparental OR: 1,42). Las variables a nivel de la zona de residencia son la proporción de inmigración (hombres OR:1,55 y mujeres OR:1,68) y de desempleo (hombres OR:1,07 y mujeres OR:1,06). Conclusiones: Los factores individuales no son suficientes para explicar la variabilidad geográfica de la prevalencia de los trastornos psicológicos, ya que también influyen las características de la zona de residencia.

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12.

Factores individuales y del entrono asociados a la variabilidad geográfica de los trastornos psicológicos entre áreas pequeñas: un análisis multinivel
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Gispert Magarolas, Rosa

; Puig Oriol, Xavier

; Palomera Fanegas, Elisabet

; Autonell Caldenteny, Jaume

; Giné Giné, Josep Mª

; Ribas Serra, Gloria

; Coll Fiol, José Juan

Revista Española de Salud Pública

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aug 2006, Volume 80 N. 4 Pages 335 - 347

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

1272 downloads

13.

EFFECT OF CADMIUM ON RAT MAXILLARY MOLAR JUNCTIONAL EPITHELIUM DURING LACTATION: EFECTO DEL CADMIO SOBRE EL EPITELIO DE LA ZONA DE UNIÓN MAXILO-MOLAR DE RATAS DURANTE LA LACTANCIA
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Ribas, Paulo

; Lopes, Ruberval A.

; Sala, Miguel A.

; Ribas, Lucia M.R.

; de Mattos, Maria da Glória C.

; Semprini, Marisa

; Watanabe, Ii-Sei

; Regalo, Simone C.H.

International Journal of Morphology

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dec 2004, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 257 - 262

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Cadmium in the air, drinking water and food has the potential to affect the health of people, mainly those who live in highly industrialized regions. Cadmium affects placental functions, can cross the placental barrier and directly disturbs fetal development. It is also excreted into milk. The organism is particularly susceptible to cadmium exposure at perinatal period. The effect on rat maxillary molar junctional epithelium a continuous exposure to drinking water containing low level of cadmium during lactation was studied. Female rats received drinking water ad libitum containing 300 mg/l CdCl2 throughout the whole lactation. Control animals received a similar volume of water without cadmium. Lactent rats (21 day-old) were killed by lethal dose of anesthetic. The heads were separated, fixed in an "alfac" solution for 24 hours; palate region was serially sectioned in frontal plane, at level of first molars. The sections, 6 µm-thick, were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Nuclear epithelium parameters were estimated, as well as cytoplasm and cell volume, nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, numeric and surface density and epithelial thickness. Mean body weight was 34.86 g for the control group and 18.56 g for the treated group. Histologically, the epithelium was thinner, with more numerous and smaller cells. In this experiment, cadmium induced epithelial hypotrophy, indicating a direct action in oral mucosae cells, besides retarded development in pups

El cadmio presente en el aire, agua potable y alimentos, afecta la salud de las poblaciones, principalmente en regiones altamente industrializadas. El cadmio afecta la función placentaria, puede atravesar la barrera placentaria y alterar directamente el desarrollo fetal. Puede ser también excretado en la leche. El organismo es particularmente susceptible a la exposición al cadmio durante el período perinatal. Fue estudiado el efecto de la exposición continua, durante la lactancia, a agua potable conteniendo bajos niveles de cadmio, sobre el epitelio de la zona de unión maxilo-molar. Ratas hembras recibieron agua potable ad libitum conteniendo 300mg/l de CdCl² durante todo el período de lactancia. Los controles recibieron un volumen similar de agua sin cadmio. Ratas lactantes (21 días de edad) fueron sacrificadas con dosis letal de anestésico, sus cabezas separadas, fijadas en alfac por 24 h y la región palatina seccionada frontalmente, al nivel de los primeros molares. Los cortes de 6 µm de espesor fueron teñidos con hematoxilina y eosina. Se estimaron los parámetros nucleares del epitelio, así como los volúmenes citoplasmático y celular, relación núcleo/citoplasma, densidad numérica y superficial y grosor epitelial. El peso medio fue 34,86g para los controles y 18,56g para los tratados. Histológicamente, el epitelio fue más fino, con células más abundantes y menores. El cadmio indujo hipotrofia epitelial, indicando una acción directa sobre la mucosa oral, además de retardo del desarrollo de las crías

2395 downloads

14.

Los profesionales de la salud y las consecuencias de una posible guerra en Irak: carta abierta al presidente del gobierno español
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Marrugat, Jaume

; Porta, Miquel

; Fernández, Esteve

; Pérez, Gloria

; Elosua, Roberto

; Plasencia, Antonio

; Pollán, Marina

; Espinás, Josep Alfons

; González, Carlos Alberto

; Ribas, Núria

; Pérez, Sandra

; Zock, Jan Paul

; Callizo, Esther

; Castaño, Gemma

; Domingo, Antonia

; García, Judith

; Santed, Rosalía

; Ballester, Ferran

; Puidollers, Elisabet

; Peiró, Salvador

; Pont, Angels

; Alvarez-Dardet, Carlos

; Luquin, Elisabet

; Tormo, María José

; Vall, Oriol

; Hervada, Xurxo

; Brugal, Teresa

; Manzanera, Rafael

; Roca, Josep

; González, Luís Carlos

; Vioque, Jesús

; Pérez, Santiago

; Castellsagué, Xavier

; Schiaffino, Anna

; Durán, Enric

; Berra, Silvina

; Macià, Francesc

; Rebagliato, Marisa

; Rajmil, Luís

; Peris, Mercè

; Vergara, Montserrat

; Sala, Maria

; Ribalta, Alba

; Gea, Joaquim

; Segura, Andreu

; Medina, Mercè

; Jansà, Josep Maria

; Hernández, Ildefonso

; Covas, María Isabel

; Fusté, Josep

; Benach, Joan

; Albertí, Constança

; Bosch, Fèlix

; Marín, Dolors

; Cucó, Gemma

; Rohlfs, Izabella

; Godoy, Pere

; Cabezas, Carmen

; Pérez, Catherine

; Serra, Lluís

; López, Celsa

; Ariza, Carlos

; Pérez, Beatriz

; Zurriaga, Oscar

; del Amo, Julia

; Llop, Esther

; Rodés, Anna

; Ortuño, Jordi

; Montes, Agustín

; Artundo, Carlos

; Pasarín, María Isabel

; Cano, Rosa

; Bellido, Juan

; Abraira, Víctor

; López-Abente, Gonzalo

; de la Cámara, Agustín Gómez

; Menoyo, Esther

; Galmés, Antonia

; Barrio, Gregorio

; Ferrer, Montserrat

; García, Carmen

; Gutierrez, Gonzalo

; Álvarez, Ana

; Fernández, Karoline

; Criado, Juan José

; Rabanaque, María José

; Martínez, Pablo

; Saracci, Rodolfo

; Manresa, Josep Maria

; Rosell, Ignacio

; Aibar, Carlos

; Martínez, Juan

; Navarro, Carmen

; García, Rocío

; Arocha, José Luís

; Vázquez, Teresa

; Sala, Joan

; Masiá, Rafael

; Sentí, Mariano

; Fitó, Montserrat

; Ferrer, Yolanda

; Lown, Bernard

Gaceta Sanitaria

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feb 2003, Volume 17 N. 1 Pages 86 - 87

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

1622 downloads

15.

Saberes, estratégias, ideologias de enfermagem: reflexão baseada no estudo de Lopes
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Costa, Idevânia Geraldina

; Gomes, Elizabeth Laus Ribas

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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dec 2001, Volume 54 N. 4 Pages 645 - 650

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

This paper makes a reflection on the knowledge and ideologies present in the nursing practice within a hospital context, based on theoretical references used by the sociologist Noemia da Glória Mendes Lopes in her MS dissertation in Lisbon, Portugal, in 1994. In this dissertation she analyzes the work of nurses within hospital contexts. The author observed that within the professional context of nursing there are many social practices of work indicating different strategies of valuing and revaluing the profession. It was concluded from this reflection that there are better possibilities of performing such strategies in specialized services than in medical clinic services.

El estudio hace una reflexión sobre los conocimientos e ideologías de enfermería en el contexto hospitalario, con base en el referencial teórico de la tesis de maestría de la socióloga Noémia da Gloria Mendes Lopes, realizada en la ciudad de Lisboa - Portugal en 1994, cuyo objetivo fue el de analizar el trabajo de los enfermeros en el contexto hospitalario. La autora observó que en el contexto del ejercicio profesional de la enfermera existen varias prácticas sociales de trabajo, indicadoras de diferentes estrategias de valoración y revaloración social de la profesión. A partir de ello se concluye que en las Unidades de Terapia Intensiva hay mayores posibilidades para potenciar estrategias que en los servicios de clínica médica.

Este texto tem por objetivo fazer uma reflexão sobre os saberes e ideologias da enfermagem no contexto hospitalar, com base no referencial teórico utilizado na dissertação de mestrado da socióloga Noémia da Glória Mendes Lopes, realizada na cidade de Lisboa - Portugal no ano de 1994, que ao desenvolver sua investigação objetivou analisar o trabalho dos enfermeiros em contexto hospitalar. A autora observou que no contexto do exercício profissional da enfermagem existem várias práticas sociais de trabalho, indicadoras de diferentes estratégias de valorização e revalorização profissional. A partir desta reflexão concluímos que nos serviços especializados existem maiores possibilidades de acionamento destas estratégias do que nos serviços de clinica médica.

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