RESUMO Grãos são materiais higroscópicos, e em seu armazenamento estão sujeitos às trocas de vapor de água de acordo com a temperatura e umidade relativa do ar, sendo importante o monitoramento desses fatores. Os sensores digitais de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar surgem como alternativa para monitoramento da temperatura da massa de grãos no interior de silos, apresentando simplicidade de instalação e utilização. Sensores digitais apresentam destacada precisão nas medições de temperatura. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a eficiência e aplicabilidade de sensores de umidade relativa do ar intergranular atrelados a sensores digitais de temperatura no sistema de termometria de silos armazenando grãos de soja. Duas amostragens de grãos de soja no terço superior, médio e inferior do silo foram analisadas para a temperatura da massa de grãos, umidade relativa do ar intergranular, teor de água de equilíbrio estimado conforme dados coletados e teor de água dos grãos amostrados. Realizou-se a comparação do teor de água obtido a partir das medições dos sensores usando a equação do equilíbrio higroscópico e pela determinação através do método da estufa. O teor de água de equilíbrio estimado pelos dados fornecidos pelos sensores não diferenciou pelo teste de Tukey (p ≤ 0.05) do teor de água determinado pela estufa. Os sensores digitais de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar demonstraram-se eficientes, visto que contribuem para estimativa do teor de água de equilíbrio com precisão satisfatória. higroscópicos fatores utilização superior amostrados Realizouse Realizou se estufa p 0.05 005 0 05 demonstraramse demonstraram eficientes satisfatória 0.0 00 0.

ABSTRACT Grains are hygroscopic materials and, during storage, they are subject to exchanging moisture with the environment according to temperature and relative air humidity, making it important to monitor these factors. Digital temperature and relative air humidity sensors appear as an alternative for monitoring the moisture of grain mass inside silos; they are simple to install and use. Digital sensors present outstanding precision in temperature measurements. The objective in this study was to assess the efficiency and applicability of intergranular relative air humidity sensors linked to digital temperature sensors in the thermometry system of silos storing soybeans. Two samples of soybeans were analyzed in the upper, middle and lower thirds of the silo, for grain mass temperature, intergranular relative air humidity, estimated equilibrium moisture content according to collected data, and moisture content of the sampled grains. Moisture contents obtained from sensor measurements using the hygroscopic equilibrium equation and determined using the oven method were compared. The equilibrium moisture content estimated by the data provided by the sensors did not differ by the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05) from the moisture content determined by the oven method. Digital temperature and relative air humidity sensors have proven to be efficient, as they contribute to estimating the equilibrium moisture content with satisfactory precision. storage factors use upper silo grains compared p 0.05 005 0 05 efficient 0.0 00 0.

Resumo Fundamento: A Cardiomiopatia Chagásica Crônica (CCC) é causada por um processo inflamatório induzido pelo Trypanosoma cruzi, que leva à miocardite com fibrose reativa e reparativa. A CCC progride com alterações de perfusão miocárdica e eventos histopatológicos que afetam a Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória (ACR). Objetivos: Avaliamos os efeitos do Treinamento Físico Aeróbico (TFA) na perfusão miocárdica e nos comprometimentos morfológicos e funcionais relacionados à inflamação e fibrose em hamsters sírios com CCC. Como objetivo secundário, analisamos as áreas de secção transversa do músculo esquelético. Métodos: Hamsters com CCC e seus respectivos controles foram divididos em quatro grupos: CCC sedentário, CCC-TFA, controle sedentário e controle TFA. Sete meses após a infecção, os animais foram submetidos à ecocardiografia, à cintilografia de perfusão miocárdica e ao teste de esforço cardiopulmonar. TFA de intensidade moderada foi realizado durante cinquenta minutos, cinco vezes por semana, por oito semanas. Posteriormente, os animais foram reavaliados. A análise histopatológica foi realizada após os procedimentos acima mencionados. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 5% em todas as análises (p<0,05). Resultados: Animais com CCC sedentários apresentaram piores Defeitos de Perfusão Miocárdica (DPM) ao longo do tempo, Fração de Ejeção do Ventrículo Esquerdo (FEVE) reduzida, e apresentaram mais inflamação e fibrose quando comparados aos demais grupos (análise ANOVA mista). Por outro lado, o TFA foi capaz de mitigar a progressão do DPM, atenuar a inflamação e a fibrose e melhorar a eficiência da ACR em animais CCC-TFA. Conclusão: Nosso estudo demonstrou que o TFA melhorou a disfunção cardíaca, DPM e reduziu a inflamação e a fibrose em modelos de hamster com CCC. Além disso, os animais CCC-SED apresentaram atrofia do músculo esquelético, enquanto os animais CCC-TFA apresentaram a AST do músculo esquelético preservada. Compreender os efeitos da TFA nas dimensões fisiopatológicas da CCC é crucial para futuras pesquisas e intervenções terapêuticas. Fundamento (CCC cruzi reparativa ACR. . (ACR) Objetivos (TFA secundário Métodos CCCTFA, CCCTFA TFA, infecção ecocardiografia cardiopulmonar minutos semana semanas Posteriormente reavaliados mencionados 5 p<0,05. p005 p p<0,05 0 05 (p<0,05) Resultados (DPM tempo FEVE (FEVE reduzida mista. mista mista) lado CCCTFA. Conclusão cardíaca disso CCCSED SED preservada terapêuticas (ACR p00 p<0,0 (p<0,05 p0 p<0, (p<0,0 p<0 (p<0, p< (p<0 (p< (p

Abstract Background: Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) is caused by an inflammatory process induced by Trypanosoma cruzi, which leads to myocarditis with reactive and reparative fibrosis. CCC progresses with myocardial perfusion abnormalities and histopathological events that affect cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Objectives: We evaluated the effects of aerobic physical training (APT) on myocardial perfusion and on morphological and functional impairments related with inflammation and fibrosis in Syrian hamsters with CCC. As a secondary objective, we analyzed the cross-sectional areas of the skeletal muscle. Methods: Hamsters with CCC and their respective controls were divided into four groups: CCC sedentary, CCC-APT, sedentary control and APT control. Seven months after infection, the animals underwent echocardiography, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Moderate-intensity APT was performed for fifty minutes, five times a week, for eight weeks. Subsequently, the animals were reassessed. Histopathological analysis was conducted after the above-mentioned procedures. The level of significance was set at 5% in all analyses (p<0.05). Results: CCC sedentary animals presented worse myocardial perfusion defects (MPD) over time, reduced left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) and showed more inflammation and fibrosis when compared to other groups (mixed ANOVA analysis). Conversely, APT was able to mitigate the progression of MPD, ameliorate inflammation and fibrosis and improve CRF efficiency in CCC-APT animals. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that APT ameliorated cardiac dysfunction, MPD, and reduced inflammation and fibrosis in CCC hamster models. Additionally, CCC-SED animals presented skeletal muscle atrophy while CCC-APT animals showed preserved skeletal muscle CSA. Understanding APT's effects on CCC's pathophysiological dimensions is crucial for future research and therapeutic interventions. Background (CCC cruzi CRF. . (CRF) Objectives (APT objective crosssectional cross sectional Methods CCCAPT, CCCAPT APT, infection echocardiography testing Moderateintensity Moderate intensity minutes week weeks Subsequently reassessed abovementioned above mentioned procedures 5 p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 0 05 (p<0.05) Results MPD (MPD time LVEF (LVEF mixed analysis. analysis) Conversely Conclusions dysfunction models Additionally CCCSED SED CSA APTs s CCCs interventions (CRF p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p<0 (p<0. p< (p<0 (p< (p

RESUMO Neste estudo objetivou-se descrever o estágio de fluxo de secagem constante, bem como obter o teor de água crítico durante a secagem convectiva da pasta de folhas de jambu trituradas em diferentes condições e caracterizar as propriedades físicas do material após a secagem. A secagem foi realizada em estufa de circulação de ar com velocidade de 1,0 m s-1 nas temperaturas de 60, 70 e 80 ºC e espessuras da camada de 0,005 e 0,01 m. Para a determinação do estágio de taxa constante, foram calculados os fluxos de massa e a taxa de secagem. Os polinômios segmentados foram utilizados para estimar o teor de água crítico. Nas condições analisadas houve um comportamento típico de secagem, demonstrando a existência de um expressivo período de taxa constante de secagem para a pasta de folhas de jambu trituradas. Os teores de água críticos em função da espessura e temperatura não apresentaram uma tendência. O material apresentou características físicas favoráveis, como alta solubilidade e coesividade, escoamento livre e boa molhabilidade, características que agregam valor à matéria-prima e para a disponibilização de um novo produto ao mercado em condição de acondicionamento. objetivouse objetivou se 10 1 0 1, s1 s s- 60 7 8 0005 005 0,00 001 01 0,0 tendência favoráveis coesividade molhabilidade matériaprima matéria prima acondicionamento 6 000 00 0,

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to describe the constant drying flux stage, as well as obtaining the critical moisture content during the convective drying of jambu leaf paste crushed under different conditions and characterizing the physical properties of the material after drying. Drying was carried out in an air circulation oven at a speed of 1.0 m s-1 and temperatures of 60, 70 and 80 ºC and layer thicknesses of 0.005 and 0.01 m. To determine the constant rate stage, the mass fluxes and the drying rate were calculated. Segmented polynomials were used to estimate the critical moisture content. Under the analyzed conditions, a typical drying behavior was found, demonstrating the existence of a significant period of constant drying rate for the mass of ground jambu leaves. Critical moisture content as a function of thickness and temperature did not show a trend. The material showed favorable physical characteristics, such as high solubility and cohesiveness, free flow, and good wettability, characteristics that add value to the raw material and for the availability of a new product to the market in the condition of packaging. stage 10 1 0 1. s1 s s- 60 7 8 0005 005 0.00 001 01 0.0 calculated found leaves trend cohesiveness flow wettability packaging 6 000 00 0.

Abstract Sapajus nigritus (Primates: Cebidae) is endemic of the Atlantic Forest, occurring from the Southeastern and Southern regions of Brazil to Northeastern Argentina. This species plays a role in two ecosystem services: seed dispersal through endozoochory and insect population control in agricultural plantations and forest environments. Fruits and invertebrates represent approximately 90% of their diet, and there is a large number of insects in the diet of S. nigritus in urban and conserved areas. However, it is known that insect diversity decreases in anthropized environments. Our objective was to identify the insects present in the fecal samples of S. nigritus from five Conservation Units in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. We aim to estimate the percentage of each taxon of insects found in feces either, hypothesizing that there are a greater variety of insect species in the diet of S. nigritus that inhabit preserved forested areas. A fecal screening was conducted using a light microscopy and the insects were identified based on their external morphology. Insect fragments were found in eight out of ten fecal samples of S. nigritus, revealing that they belonged to insects from five orders: Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Coleoptera and Blattodea, suggesting a good conservation status of the sampling areas. Primates (Primates Cebidae Forest Argentina services environments 90 S areas However state either morphology orders Hymenoptera Hemiptera Orthoptera Blattodea 9

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento sexual e as características de condicionamento de reprodutores bubalinos submetidos à coleta de sêmen com vagina artificial. Trinta touros foram avaliados durante as estações reprodutivas favorável (março a maio) e desfavorável (novembro e dezembro), em propriedade localizada no estado de Minas Gerias, Brasil (latitude 20°41'45'' Sul e longitude 44º49'37'' Oeste ). Os dados foram analisados descritivamente de acordo com o sucesso ou não da ejaculação, usando-se uma série de parâmetros comportamentais. Uma análise de regressão logística multinível foi realizada utilizando-se as respostas e as variáveis explicativas mencionadas acima. Os resultados mostraram que, quando mais de três parâmetros se manifestam, a chance de se obter ejaculação aumenta em 9,0%, valor que sobe para 28,2% quando se observam sete a nove parâmetros manifestados pelos reprodutores. Essas observações permitem concluir que é possível condicionar touros sexualmente maduros para coleta de sêmen por meio da vagina artificial para uso em programas de inseminação artificial e inseminação artificial em tempo fixo. março maio novembro dezembro, dezembro , dezembro) Gerias latitude 20°4145 204145 20°41 45 20 41 20°41'45' 44º4937 º 44º49 37 44º49'37' . ) usandose usando comportamentais utilizandose utilizando acima manifestam 90 9 0 9,0% 282 28 2 28,2 fixo 4145 20°414 20414 2041 20°4 4 20°41'45 44º493 44º4 3 44º49'37 9,0 28, 414 204 20° 20°41'4 44º 44º49'3 9, 20°41' 44º49'

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the sexual behavior and accommodation characteristics of buffalo recipients patented for semen collection with an artificial vagina. Thirty bulls were sampled during favorable (March to May) and unfavorable (November to December) breeding seasons in a property located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil (Latitude 20°41'45'' South and Longitude 44°49'37'' West). Data were analyzed descriptively according to whether ejaculation was successful, using a range of behavioral parameters. A multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed using the responses and explanatory variables mentioned above. The results show that when more than three parameters are manifested, the chance of obtaining ejaculation increases by 9.0%, a value that rises to 28.2% when seven to nine parameters manifested by the breeders are observed. These observations allow us to conclude that it is possible to condition sexually mature bulls for semen collection through the artificial vagina for use in artificial insemination and fixed-time artificial insemination programs. March May November December Gerais Latitude 20°4145 204145 20°41 45 20 41 20°41'45' 44°4937 444937 44°49 37 44 49 44°49'37' West. West . West) successful above 90 9 0 9.0% 282 28 2 28.2 observed fixedtime fixed time programs 4145 20°414 20414 2041 20°4 4 20°41'45 4937 44°493 44493 4449 44°4 3 44°49'37 9.0 28. 414 204 20° 20°41'4 493 444 44° 44°49'3 9. 20°41' 44°49'

RESUMO Objetivo: Explorar os efeitos de um programa cognitivo-comportamental que aborda a incontinência urinária na qualidade de vida de homens submetidos à prostatectomia radical. Método: Ensaio clínico controlado randomizado com pacientes submetidos à prostatectomia radical em instituição para tratamento de câncer no Brasil. Os 34 participantes foram randomizados em dois grupos: 17 no grupo controle, que recebeu o tratamento padrão da instituição, e 17 no grupo de intervenção, que recebeu o programa cognitivo-comportamental. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada usando o King’s Health Questionnaire e o International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form. Resultados: Os participantes do grupo de intervenção apresentaram melhores resultados quanto à redução do impacto da incontinência urinária na qualidade de vida (p ≤ 0,001), com destaque para limitações nas atividades diárias, percepção geral de saúde, limitações físicas e sociais, emoções, sono e humor. Conclusão: O programa cognitivo-comportamental foi eficaz na redução do impacto da incontinência urinária na qualidade de vida. Este estudo contribui para a prática clínica ao fornecer uma terapia eficaz, de baixo custo e de fácil aplicação. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos: RBR-3sstqg. Objetivo cognitivocomportamental cognitivo comportamental Método Brasil 3 grupos 1 controle cognitivocomportamental. comportamental. Kings King s QuestionnaireShort Short Form Resultados p 0,001, 0001 0,001 , 0 001 0,001) diárias saúde sociais emoções humor Conclusão aplicação Clínicos RBR3sstqg. RBR3sstqg RBRsstqg RBR 3sstqg. 3sstqg sstqg RBR-3sstqg 000 0,00 00 0,0 0,

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the effects of a cognitive-behavioral program addressing urinary incontinence on the quality of life of men who have undergone radical prostatectomy. Method: Randomized controlled clinical trial with patients undergoing radical prostatectomy in an institution for cancer treatment in Brazil. The 34 participants were randomized into two groups: 17 in the control group who received the institution’s standard care and 17 in the intervention group who received the cognitive-behavioral program. Quality of life was assessed using the King’s Health Questionnaire and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form. Results: Participants from intervention group showed better results regarding the reduction of the impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life (p ≤ 0.001), with emphasis on limitations in daily activities, general health perception, physical and social limitations, emotions, and sleep and mood. Conclusion: The cognitive-behavioral program was effective in reducing the impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life. This study contributes to clinical practice by providing an effective, low-cost, and easily applicable therapy. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-3sstqg. Objective cognitivebehavioral cognitive behavioral Method Brazil 3 groups 1 institutions s Kings King QuestionnaireShort Short Form Results p 0.001, 0001 0.001 , 0 001 0.001) activities perception emotions mood Conclusion lowcost, lowcost low cost, cost low-cost therapy Trials RBR3sstqg. RBR3sstqg RBRsstqg RBR 3sstqg. 3sstqg sstqg RBR-3sstqg 000 0.00 00 0.0 0.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Explorar los efectos de un programa cognitivo-conductual que aborda la incontinencia urinaria en la calidad de vida de los hombres que se han sometido a una prostatectomía radical. Método: Ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado con pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía radical en una institución de tratamiento del cáncer en Brasil. Los 34 participantes fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en dos grupos: 17 en el grupo de control que recibieron la atención estándar de la institución y 17 en el grupo de intervención que recibieron el programa cognitivo-conductual. La calidad de vida se evaluó utilizando el Cuestionario de Salud del Rey y el Cuestionario de Consulta Internacional sobre Incontinencia-Formulario Abreviado. Resultados: Los participantes del grupo de intervención mostraron mejores resultados en cuanto a la reducción del impacto de la incontinencia urinaria en la calidad de vida (p ≤ 0,001), con énfasis en las limitaciones en las actividades diarias, la percepción general de salud, las limitaciones físicas y sociales, las emociones y el sueño y el estado de ánimo. Conclusión: El programa cognitivo-conductual fue eficaz para reducir el impacto de la incontinencia urinaria en la calidad de vida. Este estudio contribuye a la práctica clínica al proporcionar una terapia efectiva, de bajo costo y de fácil aplicación. Registro Brasileño de Ensayos Clínicos: RBR-3sstqg. Objetivo cognitivoconductual cognitivo conductual Método Brasil 3 grupos 1 cognitivoconductual. conductual. IncontinenciaFormulario Incontinencia Formulario Abreviado Resultados p 0,001, 0001 0,001 , 0 001 0,001) diarias salud sociales ánimo Conclusión efectiva aplicación Clínicos RBR3sstqg. RBR3sstqg RBRsstqg RBR 3sstqg. 3sstqg sstqg RBR-3sstqg 000 0,00 00 0,0 0,

ABSTRACT Objectives: This review discusses deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) diagnosis and surgery using current urological knowledge and technologies. Materials and Methods: Narrative review of deep infiltrating endometriosis that result in urological issues. We examined manuscripts from Pubmed, Embase, and Scielo’s database using the following MeSH terms: (‘endometriosis’) AND (‘urology’ OR ‘urological’ OR ‘urologist’) AND (‘bladder’ OR’vesical’) AND (‘ureteral’ OR ‘ureter’). Selection followed PRISMA guidelines. Sample images from our records were brought to endorse the findings. Results: Thirty four related articles were chosen from 105. DIE may affect the urinary system in 52.6% of patients. Lower urinary tract symptoms may require urodynamic examination. Ultrasonography offers strong statistical yields for detecting urinary tract lesions or distortions, but magnetic resonance will confirm the diagnosis. Cystoscopy can detect active lesions, although any macroscopic visual appeal is pathognomonic. Endourology is utilized intraoperatively for bladder and ureteral assessment, however transurethral endoscopic excision of bladder lesions had higher recurrence rates. Laparoscopy is the route of choice for treatment; partial cystectomy, and bladder shaving were the most prevalent surgical treatments for bladder endometriosis. Regarding the ureteral treatment, the simple ureterolysis and complex reconstructive techniques were described in most papers. Using anatomical landmarks or neuronavigation, pelvic surgical systematization allows intraoperative neural structure identification. Conclusions: DIE in the urinary system is common, however the number of publications with high level of evidence is limited. The initial tools for diagnosis are ultrasonography and cystoscopy, but magnetic resonance is the most reliable tool. When the patient has voiding symptoms, the urodynamic examination is crucial. Laparoscopy improves lesion detection and anatomical understanding. This approach must be carried out by professionals with high expertise, since the surgery goes beyond the resection of lesions and includes the preservation of nerve structures and urinary tract reconstruction techniques. Objectives (DIE technologies Methods issues Pubmed Embase Scielos Scielo s terms ‘endometriosis (‘endometriosis’ ‘urology urology (‘urology ‘urological ‘urologist urologist ‘urologist’ ‘bladder (‘bladder ORvesical vesical OR’vesical’ ‘ureteral (‘ureteral ‘ureter. ureter ‘ureter . ‘ureter’) guidelines findings Results 105 526 52 6 52.6 patients distortions pathognomonic assessment rates treatment cystectomy papers neuronavigation identification Conclusions common limited cystoscopy tool crucial understanding expertise (‘endometriosis OR’vesical ‘ureter’ 10 5 52. 1

This work describes the route to prepare a novel core-shell catalyst based on 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane (DABCO) supported magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The morphology and composition of the obtained catalysts were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), quantum design vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These nanomaterials presented high performance as a basic catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation between malononitrile and aldehydes, leading to products with excellent yields (84-99%) and short reaction times (5-60 min). Furthermore, it was also efficient in the condensation of isatins with 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide, resulting in isatin-β-thiosemicarbazones with high yields (81-94%) and short times (60-180 min). It is worth mentioning that the catalyst was recovered and reused in these two kinds of reactions after six cycles without significant yield loss. coreshell core shell 1,4diazabicyclo2,2,2octane 14diazabicyclo222octane diazabicyclooctane 1,4 diazabicyclo 2,2,2 octane 1 4 2 DABCO (DABCO MNPs. MNPs . (MNPs) Fouriertransform Fourier transform FTIR (FTIR spectroscopy TGA, TGA , (TGA) Xray X ray XRD, XRD (XRD) TEM, TEM (TEM) VSM (VSM SEM. SEM (SEM) aldehydes 8499% 8499 84 99% 99 (84-99% 560 5 60 (5-6 min. min min) Furthermore 4phenylthiosemicarbazide, 4phenylthiosemicarbazide phenylthiosemicarbazide phenylthiosemicarbazide, 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide isatinβthiosemicarbazones isatin β thiosemicarbazones 8194% 8194 81 94% 94 (81-94% 60180 180 (60-18 loss 4diazabicyclo2 2octane 14 1, 222 2,2, (MNPs (TGA (XRD (TEM (SEM 849 8 9 (84-99 56 6 (5- 819 (81-94 6018 18 (60-1 4diazabicyclo 22 2,2 (84-9 (5 (81-9 601 (60- 2, (84- ( (81- (60 (84 (81 (6 (8

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to assess diagnostic radiology training and exposure during medical school, from the perspective of medical students in Brazil. Methods In this multicenter study approved by the Institutional Review Board, medical students from multiple universities in Brazil filled out an online questionnaire regarding their perception about diagnostic radiology training during medical school, including knowledge and use of the American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria and their confidence level in interpreting common radiological findings. Medical students from different regions of Brazil were sent invitations to participate in the anonymous survey through radiology group emails initiated by radiology professors and a group of ambassadors representing different institutions. Informed consent was obtained electronically at the beginning of the survey. Results The survey demonstrated diagnostic radiology is frequently included in preclinical exams; however, radiology training during medical school was considered inadequate from the medical students´ perspective. Overall, radiological imaging teaching was provided by radiologists for more than half of the survey respondents; however, radiological imaging is frequently shown to students by non-radiologist physicians during case discussion rounds. Moreover, few respondents had a mandatory radiology training rotation during medical school. Conclusion This Brazilian medical student survey demonstrated that from the medical students’ perspective, diagnostic radiology is an important subject in clinical practice; however, their radiology training and exposure are overall heterogeneous. Board findings institutions exams however Overall nonradiologist non radiologist rounds Moreover practice heterogeneous

ABSTRACT Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a crop of paramount importance for Brazil, used in human and animal food. Considering the reduced number of studies on the influence of using a densimetric table in seed processing and its respective reprocessing to the equipment, this study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of processed sorghum seeds reprocessed in a densimetric table and stored for three months. The treatments consisted of four collection points in the terminal part of the densimetric table, representing the processing material: upper part (P1), upper middle part (P2), middle part (P3), and lower part (D). Subsequently, the samples that were reprocessed in the table came from P3 and were divided into the upper part, which was followed to bagging (P3R1), and the lower part (P3R2), which followed for disposal, totaling six treatments. Storage was performed in a refrigerated environment, using a completely randomized design, with the means being compared by Tukey’s test at 5%. We concluded that the reprocessing of sorghum seeds in the densimetric table can improve the physical quality of a lot due to its standardization at the end of the stages, contributing to the improvement of the physiological quality and use of the material that would be discarded. The equipment performance allows the removal of seed fractions with lower apparent specific mass and promotes positive stratifications in the physiological quality of sorghum seed lots. L Moench Brazil food months P1, P1 P , (P1) P2, P2 (P2) P3, (P3) D. D . (D) Subsequently P3R1, P3R1 PR R (P3R1) P3R2, P3R2 (P3R2) disposal environment design Tukeys Tukey s 5 5% stages discarded lots (P1 (P2 (P3 (D P3R (P3R1 (P3R2 (P (P3R

Resumo Avaliou-se o desempenho de três gerações sucessivas de Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) alimentadas com quatro forrageiras expostas à ambientes com diferentes concentrações de CO2. No primeiro bioensaio, utilizamos os seguintes cenários: A) plantas e insetos foram mantidos em fitotron com CO2 alto e constante (média de 700 ppm) e, B) os insetos foram mantidos em nível de 700 ppm de CO2 e alimentados com plantas advindas da casa de vegetação (média de 390 ppm). No segundo bioensaio, utilizamos os seguintes cenários: C) plantas e insetos foram mantidos em casa de vegetação e, D) os insetos foram mantidos em casa de vegetação e alimentados com plantas mantidas em fitotron. A sobrevivência e duração das fases ninfal e adulta e o número de ovos/fêmea de M. spectabilis foram avaliados. Só foi possível avaliar os efeitos cumulativos do aumento do CO2 em três gerações sucessivas de M. spectabilis mantidas em casa de vegetação, devido à reduzida sobrevivência dos insetos na primeira geração quando mantidos em fitotron. Observou-se maior efeito direto do que indireto do nível de CO2 sobre o desempenho de M. spectabilis. Além disso, deve-se considerar que o efeito da elevação de CO2 sobre a sobrevivência, períodos de desenvolvimento e fecundidade, quando tomados em conjunto, podem impactar significativamente a dinâmica populacional de M. spectabilis em cenários climáticos futuros. Avaliouse Avaliou se Distant (Distant Hemiptera (Hemiptera Cercopidae CO bioensaio média 70 B 39 ppm. . C D ovosfêmea ovos fêmea M avaliados Observouse Observou disso devese deve fecundidade conjunto futuros 7 3

Abstract The performance of three successive generations of Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) fed on four forages exposed to environments with different CO2 concentrations was evaluated. In the first bioassay, we utilized the following scenarios: A) plants and insects were kept at high and constant CO2 (700 ppm) and B) the insects were kept at CO2 700 ppm and fed on plants from the greenhouse (average of 390 ppm). In the second bioassay, we utilized the following scenarios: C) plants and insects were kept in a greenhouse and D) the insects were kept in the greenhouse and fed on plants kept at CO2 700 ppm. The survival and duration of the nymphal and adult stages and the number of eggs/female of M. spectabilis were evaluated. It was only possible to evaluate the cumulative effects of the increase of CO2 on three successive generations of M. spectabilis kept in a greenhouse, due to the reduced survival of the insects in the first generation in the laboratory. A greater direct than indirect effect of the CO2 level on the performance of M. spectabilis was observed. Furthermore, it should be considered that the effect of CO2 elevation on the survival, periods of development, and fecundity, when taken together, can significantly impact the population dynamics of M. spectabilis in future climate scenarios. Distant (Distant Hemiptera (Hemiptera Cercopidae CO evaluated bioassay scenarios (70 B 70 average 39 . C D eggsfemale eggs female M laboratory observed Furthermore development fecundity together (7 7 3 (

RESUMO Quarenta e nove ovos embrionados de Psittaciformes com embriões que morreram durante a incubação foram examinados, provenientes de criatório comercial de aves de espécies exóticas ou nativas, ou provenientes de instituição de conservação de espécies da avifauna. Os ovos foram classificados, de acordo com o momento da morte, em mortalidade precoce, intermediária ou tardia. Conforme a idade embrionária, embriões inteiros ou tecidos embrionários foram coletados para extração de DNA e cultivo bacteriológico em ágar contendo acetato de tálio, soro equino e penicilina. Entre os embriões de espécies exóticas, 37,5% (12/32) foram detectados positivos para Mycoplasma spp. Considerando os embriões das espécies nativas, 52,4% foram detectados positivos (11/21). O DNA de Mycoplasma spp. foi detectado em um filhote de Pionus maximiliani morto na eclosão. Testes adicionais dos embriões e das colônias por PCR, com protocolo específico para M. gallisepticum, não revelaram nenhum resultado positivo. As implicações da presença de Mycoplasma na viabilidade embrionária e de filhotes de espécies de aves comerciais ou de conservação são discutidas. examinados nativas avifauna classificados morte precoce tardia tálio penicilina 375 37 5 37,5 12/32 1232 12 32 (12/32 spp 524 52 4 52,4 11/21. 1121 11/21 . 11 21 (11/21) eclosão PCR M gallisepticum positivo discutidas 3 37, 12/3 123 1 (12/3 52, 112 11/2 2 (11/21 12/ (12/ 11/ (11/2 (12 (11/ (1 (11 (

Resumo O reparo por excisão de nucleotídeos (NER) atua reparando danos no DNA, como lesões causadas por cisplatina. A proteína Xeroderma Pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) está envolvida no reconhecimento de danos pela via de reparação global do genoma pelo NER (GG-NER) e tem sido estudada em diferentes organismos devido à sua importância em outros processos celulares. Neste trabalho, estudamos proteínas do NER em Trypanosoma cruzi e Trypanosoma evansi, parasitos de humanos e animais, respectivamente. Modelos tridimensionais das proteínas XPC de T. cruzi e T. evansi foram feitos e observou-se poucas diferenças estruturais entre estas proteínas. Durante testes, a inserção do gene XPC de T. evansi (TevXPC) em T. cruzi resultou em crescimento celular mais lento em condições normais. Após o tratamento com cisplatina, T. cruzi superexpressando seu próprio gene XPC (TcXPC) foi capaz de recuperar as taxas de divisão celular mais rapidamente do que T. cruzi expressando o gene TevXPC. Com base nesses testes, sugere-se que TevXPC (sendo uma proteína exógena em T. cruzi) interfere negativamente nos processos celulares em que TcXPC (a proteína endógena) está envolvida. Isso provavelmente ocorreu pois TevXPC é capaz de interagir com algumas moléculas ou proteínas endógenas de T.cruzi, mas é incapaz de interagir com outras. Isso reforça a importância do correto funcionamento de XPC dentro da célula.

Abstract Nucleotide excision repair (NER) acts repairing damages in DNA, such as lesions caused by cisplatin. Xeroderma Pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) protein is involved in recognition of global genome DNA damages during NER (GG-NER) and it has been studied in different organisms due to its importance in other cellular processes. In this work, we studied NER proteins in Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma evansi, parasites of humans and animals respectively. We performed three-dimensional models of XPC proteins from T. cruzi and T. evansi and observed few structural differences between these proteins. In our tests, insertion of XPC gene from T. evansi (TevXPC) in T. cruzi resulted in slower cell growth under normal conditions. After cisplatin treatment, T. cruzi overexpressing its own XPC gene (TcXPC) was able to recover cell division rates faster than T. cruzi expressing TevXPC gene. Based on these tests, it is suggested that TevXPC (being an exogenous protein in T. cruzi) interferes negatively in cellular processes where TcXPC (the endogenous protein) is involved. This probably occurred due interaction of TevXPC with some endogenous molecules or proteins from T.cruzi but incapacity of interaction with others. This reinforces the importance of correctly XPC functioning within the cell.