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au:Rangel, Hilda

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Crescimento e tolerância de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil. cultivadas em solo contaminado com cobre A.St.Hil. AStHil A.St. Hil. A St Hil A.St.-Hil A.St.Hil ASt A.St
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Lunkes, Antônio Marcos Zuliani

; Mantovani, Nilton César

; Soriani, Hilda Hildebrand

; Rangel Junior, Fabio Santos

Ciência Florestal

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dec 2022, Volume 32 N. 4 Pages 1948 - 1963

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O cobre (Cu) é um micronutriente necessário ao desenvolvimento das plantas, pois está incluído na estrutura de compostos enzimáticos e ativadores. Contudo, em altas concentrações no solo pode se tornar tóxico ao metabolismo vegetal. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento e tolerância de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis cultivadas em solo contaminado com cobre. O estudo foi conduzido em casa de vegetação do Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus de Frederico Westphalen, RS, entre os meses de março e setembro de 2018. As mudas de Ilex paraguariensis utilizadas no experimento foram adquiridas de um viveiro localizado no município de Arvorezinha, RS. Os tratamentos aplicados foram cinco doses de Cu (0 - controle, sem adição de cobre; 100; 200; 300 e 400 mg Kg-1 de solo). O experimento foi implantado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 10 repetições, sendo cada repetição uma planta por vaso. Após a exposição aos diferentes tratamentos, sob cultivo em solo aos 150 dias, avaliou-se a altura de planta, diâmetro do caule, área foliar, massa seca de raiz, caule e folhas e índice de tolerância. Os resultados evidenciaram que as doses de cobre reduziram a altura e diâmetro de caule das mudas. A massa seca de todas as partições coletadas mostrou redução a partir da utilização de 200 mg kg-1 de solo. As plantas submetidas a maior dose de Cu (400 mg kg-1 de solo) apresentaram redução na área foliar de 64,7% em relação à testemunha. A espécie Ilex paraguariensis apresentou o índice de tolerância superior a 60% até a dose de 300 mg kg-1 de Cu. (Cu ativadores Contudo vegetal forma Florestal Maria Westphalen RS 2018 Arvorezinha 0 ( controle 100 30 40 Kg1 Kg 1 Kg- . repetições vaso 15 dias avaliouse avaliou raiz 20 kg1 kg kg- (40 647 64 7 64,7 testemunha 60 201 3 4 2 (4 6 64,

Abstract Copper (Cu) is a micronutrient necessary for plant development, as it is included in the structure of enzymatic compounds and activators. However, at high soil concentrations it can become toxic to plant metabolism. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and tolerance of Ilex paraguariensis seedlings grown in copper contaminated soil. The study was conducted in a greenhouse of the Department of Forestry Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Campus Frederico Westphalen, RS, between March and September 2018. The seedlings of Ilex paraguariensis used in the experiment were acquired from a nursery located in the municipality of Arvorezinha, RS. The treatments applied were five doses of Cu (0 - control, without addition of copper; 100; 200; 300 and 400 mg Kg-1 of soil). The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with 10 replications, each repetition being one plant per pot. After exposure to different treatments under soil cultivation at 150 days, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, root, stem and leaf dry mass and tolerance index were evaluated. The results showed that the copper doses reduced the seedlings height and stem diameter. The dry mass of all collected partitions showed reduction from the use of 200 mg kg-1 of soil. The plants submitted to higher Cu (400 mg kg-1 soil) showed a reduction in leaf area of 64.7% in relation to the control. The species Ilex paraguariensis presented a tolerance index higher than 60% up to 300 mg kg-1 Cu. (Cu development activators However metabolism Thus Engineering Maria Westphalen RS 2018 Arvorezinha 0 ( control 100 30 40 Kg1 Kg 1 Kg- . replications pot 15 days diameter root evaluated 20 kg1 kg kg- (40 647 64 7 64.7 60 201 3 4 2 (4 6 64.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509864216

Management of a Child with Reactive Attachment Disorder in the Dental Clinical Setting: A Case Report
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Garrocho-Rangel, Arturo

; Romero-Huízar, Hilda

; Ruiz-Rodríguez, Socorro

; Campos-Lara, Nadia P.

; Pozos-Guillén, Fernando

; Pozos-Guillén, Amaury

Odovtos International Journal of Dental Sciences

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apr 2020, Volume 22 N. 1 Pages 39 - 46

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN: El trastorno de apego reactivo (RAD, por sus siglas en inglés) es una enfermedad de salud mental en la primera infancia caracterizada por interacciones sociales y capacidades de comunicación deterioradas y por déficits neurológicos en el cerebro en desarrollo del niño. Este trastorno puede afectar significativamente el comportamiento del paciente pediátrico en el entorno dental. Una niña mexicana de 9 años de edad, poco cooperadora, que residía en un hogar temporal, fue remitida a la Clínica de Odontología Pediátrica con su cuidadora, solicitando un examen y tratamiento dental. La paciente presentó un diagnóstico previo de RAD con discapacidad intelectual/ social. Con la orientación del Psiquiatra, se llevó a cabo una profilaxis oral exhaustiva en las citas iniciales, seguidas de diversos tratamientos de restauración bajo la aplicación continua de técnicas de manejo del comportamiento. Estos procedimientos de restauración incluyeron restauraciones de resina y selladores de fosas y fisuras, bajo anestesia local y aislamiento con dique de goma, en los primeros cuatro molares permanentes. Todo el tratamiento se completó en seis semanas. La paciente y su cuidadora recibieron estrategias educativas y motivacionales detalladas para mejorar la higiene oral y también recibieron asesoría nutricional. Para las revisiones de control y refuerzo de los hábitos preventivos, las citas posteriores se programaron cuidadosamente. Una colaboración pediátrica interdisciplinaria entre el dentista, la enfermera y el psiquiatra fue fundamental para mejorar la salud oral y el bienestar general del paciente.

ABSTRACT Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is an early childhood mental health disease characterized by impaired social interactions and communication abilities, and neurological deficits in the child’s developing brain. This disorder can significantly affect the pediatric patient’s behavior in the dental setting. An uncooperative 9-year- old Mexican girl, who was residing in a temporary home, was referred by a general dental practitioner to the Postgraduate Pediatric Dental Clinic with her caretaker, requesting dental examination and treatment. The patient presented with a previous diagnosis of RAD with intellectual/social disability. With the psychiatrist’s guidance, an exhaustive oral prophylaxis was carried out in the initial appointments, followed by diverse restorative treatments under the continuous application of behavioral management techniques. These restorative procedures included resin restorations and pit-fissure sealants, under local anesthesia and rubber-dam isolation, on the first four permanent molars. The entire treatment was completed in six weeks. The patient and her caretaker were provided with detailed educational and motivational strategies for improving the patient´s oral hygiene, and they also received nutritional advice. For control reviews and the reinforcement of preventive habits, future appointments were carefully scheduled. An interdisciplinary pediatric collaboration between the dentist, nurse, and psychiatrist was fundamental for improving the patient’s oral health and general welfare.

https://doi.org/10.15517/ijds.v0i0.36213 2640 downloads

Consenso Mexicano de Mieloma Múltiple
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Peña-Celaya, José A. de la

; Aguilar-Luevano, Jocelyn

; Alcivar-Cedeño, Luisa María

; Álvarez-Vera, José L.

; Anaya-Cuellar, Irene

; Añorve-Hernández, Erika

; Arana-Luna, Luara L.

; Arteaga-Ortíz, Luis

; Báez-Islas, Pamela E.

; Banda-García, Luisa I.

; Bates-Martín, Ramón A.

; Campa-Monroy, Dafne Itzel

; Cardiel-Silva, Mariela

; Castillo-Salas, Ángel de Jesús

; Cota-Rangel, Xóchitl

; Díaz-Vargas, Guillermo

; Espitia-Ríos, M. Eugenia

; Estrada-Domínguez, Patricia

; Fermín-Caminero, Denisse

; García-Camacho, Alinka

; García-Castillo, Carolina

; Garzón-Velásquez, Katheryn B.

; Gil-Rondero, Carlos

; Hernández-Colín, Ana K.

; Hernández-Ruiz, Eleazar

; Hernández-Alcántara, Areli E.

; Hernández-Cervantes, Silvia A.

; Herrera-Olivares, Wilfrido

; Ignacio-Ibarra, Gregorio

; Inclán-Alarcón, Sergio I.

; Leyto-Cruz, Faustino

; Macías-Flores, Juan P.

; Martínez-de la Vega, Andrea

; Martínez-Ramírez, Mario A.

; Martínez-Coronel, Jorge

; Medina-Coral, Jesús E.

; Meza-Dávalos, Lizeth

; Montoya-Jiménez, Leire

; Morales-Hernández, Alba

; Morales-López, Elizabeth

; Morales-Adrián, Javier de Jesús

; Morales-de Azcué, Maricruz

; Mújica-Martínez, Aldo

; Murillo-Cruz, Juan L.

; Nájera-Martínez, Jéssica

; Narváez-Sarmiento, Iris M.

; Nava-Villegas, Lorena

; Nava-Alpide, Marco A.

; Orellana-Garibay, Juan J.

; Palafox-Zaldívar, María Teresa

; Palma-Moreno, Orlando G.

; Paredes-Lozano, Eugenia P.

; Pedraza-Colín, María Luisa

; Pérez-Zúñiga, Juan M.

; Pérez-Lizardi, Alejandra B.

; Rojas-Castillejos, Flavio

; Romero-Martínez, Eduardo

; Romero-Rodelo, Hilda

; Ruiz-Contreras, Josué

; Saavedra-González, Azucena

; Saucedo-Montes, Erick

; Silva-Michel, Luis G.

; Silva-Vera, Karina

; Teomitzi-Sánchez, Óscar

; Tepepa-Flores, Fredy

; Ventura-Enríquez, Yanet

; Villela-Peña, Atenas

; Vilchis-González, Shendel P.

; Zapata-Canto, Nidia

; Zárate-Rodríguez, Pedro A.

; Alvarado-Ibarra, Martha

Gaceta médica de México

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2020, Volume 156 Suppl. 2 Pages 1 - 49

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract To identify this increasingly common pathology, known as Multiple Myeloma, it is necessary to refer to the specific factors that characterize it; to this end, the classic criteria known as CRAB (hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia and lytic lesions) are available, in which renal failure is one of the most frequent complications. Recently, 3 indisputable biomarkers have been described for the diagnostic support for Multiple Myeloma, which are: more than 10% of clonal plasma cells in BM or, a biopsy that corroborates the presence of a plasmacytoma, light chain ratio ≥100 mg/dL and more than one focal lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A differential diagnosis for plasma cell leukemia, solitary bone plasmacytoma, and extramedullary plasmacytoma should always be considered. Being this an incurable disease, a lot of research has been done regarding its therapeutic management, whose main objective is the disappearance of plasma cells and the patient clinical improvement. Melphalan was the first drug that showed a benefit in 1958 and afterwards, with the addition of a steroid as a second drug, it was possible to improve response rates. Subsequently, different molecules were studied, forming multiple combinations, and achieving better rates of Overall Survival and Progression-Free Survival. Years later, with the arrival of proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib, and immunomodulators such as thalidomide and lenalidomide, an important turnaround in the disease has been seen, as deeper responses, more prolonged remissions, and improvement in the quality of life of patients have been achieved. This consensus has the purpose of integrating a group of Mexican specialists and promoting the updating of this pathology.

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.m20000392 223 downloads

Quick correction of a skeletal class III maloclussion in primary dentition with face mask plus rapid maxillary expansion therapy
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Bedolla-Gaxiola, Hilda Alejandra

; Garrigós-Esparza, David

; Hernández-Cabanillas, Juan Carlos

; Rosales-Berber, Miguel Ángel

; Pozos-Guillén, Amaury

; Garrocho-Rangel, José Arturo

Odovtos International Journal of Dental Sciences

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aug 2018, Volume 20 N. 2 Pages 31 - 37

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La clase III esquelética es una maloclusión caracterizada por mordida cruzada anterior como resultado de una discrepancia esquelética de la base maxilar y mandibular, que implica desarmonía craneofacial y del perfil. El tratamiento de elección para niños con maloclusión clase III esquelética con mandíbula maxilar y/o prognática es el uso de dispositivos que estimulan el crecimiento y el movimiento anterior del hueso maxilar y/o restringen el crecimiento excesivo de la mandíbula. El tratamiento ortopédico que consiste en una máscara facial con expansión maxilar rápida (EMR) produce resultados en un período de tiempo más corto. El propósito de este artículo es revisar una corrección rápida de la maloclusión de clase III esquelética en la dentición primaria mediante el uso de una máscara facial más terapia de expansión maxilar rápida en un paciente masculino de 5 años debido a una combinación de maxilar retruido y mandíbula prominente, en dentición primaria, que fue tratada con una mascarilla Petit junto con un dispositivo intraoral unido con bloques de mordida. Los primeros resultados evidentes fueron una rotación en sentido horario de la mandíbula, un overjet positivo de 3 mm, una sobremordida correcta, una relación canina de Clase I y un plano terminal de descarga bilateral. Después de discutir el presente informe de caso clínico y la literatura publicada relacionada, concluimos que las maloclusiones de clase III esqueléticas deberían tratarse tan pronto como se reconozcan los primeros signos clínicos de crecimiento craneofacial anormal, durante los primeros años de vida.

Abstract Skeletal Class III is a malocclusion characterized by anterior crossbite as a result of an abnormal skeletal maxillary and mandibular base discrepancy, which involves disharmony of craneofacial skeleton and profile. The preferred management for children having skeletal Class III malocclusion with retruded maxilla and/or prognathic mandible is the use of devices that encourage the growth and anterior movement of the maxilla bone and/or restrict the exessive mandible growth. The orthopedic treatment consisting of a face mask with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) produces the most dramatic results in the shortest period of time. The purpose of this article is to review a quick correction of skeletal class III maloclussion in the primary dentition through a case example with use of a face mask plus rapid maxillary expansion therapy in a 5 year-old male patient due to a combination of retruded maxilla and protruded mandible, in primary dentition, who was treated with a Petit face mask in conjunction with a bonded RME intraoral appliance added with bite blocks. The first evident occlusal outcomes were a clockwise rotation of the mandible, a positive overjet of 3 mm, a correct overbite, a canine Class I relationship, and a bilateral flush terminal plane. After discussing the present clinical case report and the related published literature, we concluded that skeletal class III malocclusions should be treated as soon as the first clinical signs of abnormal craniofacial growth are recognized, during the first years of life.

https://doi.org/10.15517/ijds.v0i0.32381 1091 downloads

Association of dengue fever with Aedes spp. abundance and climatological effects
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Betanzos-Reyes, Ángel Francisco

; Rodríguez, Mario Henry

; Romero-Martínez, Martín

; Sesma-Medrano, Eduardo

; Rangel-Flores, Hilda

; Santos-Luna, René

Salud Pública de México

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feb 2018, Volume 60 N. 1 Pages 12 - 20

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the association of dengue fever incidence with Aedes mosquito’s abundance, and the effect of climatological and geographical variables, in a region in Morelos State, Mexico. Materials and methods: Weekly data during the period 2010 to 2014 was used. Mosquito abundance was determined using ovitraps. Confirmed dengue cases were obtained from the Epidemiological Surveillance System. Climatic variables were obtained from weather monitoring stations. The correlation between climate variables and ovitraps data was estimated using a multivariate regression model. Results: A correlation of mosquito abundance with dengue fever incidence, and a yearly pattern with seasonal variations were observed. The daily mean temperature, relative humidity and rainfall parameters were associated with mosquito egg abundance. Time lags of three and four weeks between egg counts and dengue fever incidence were observed. Conclusion: Time lags between egg counts and dengue incidence could be useful for prevention and control interventions.

Resumen: Objetivo: Analizar la asociación de la incidencia de dengue con la abundancia de mosquitos Aedes y el efecto de variables climatológicas, en una región de Morelos, México. Material y métodos: Se utilizaron datos semanales durante el 2010-2014. La abundancia de mosquitos se determinó utilizando ovitraps. Los casos de dengue se obtuvieron del Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Las variables climáticas se obtuvieron de estaciones climatológicas locales. La correlación entre las variables climáticas y los datos de ovitrampas se estimó mediante un modelo de regresión multivariado. Resultados: Se observó una correlación de la abundancia de mosquitos con la incidencia de dengue. La temperatura media diaria, humedad relativa y la precipitación pluvial se asociaron con abundancia de mosquitos. Se observó un desfase temporal de tres a cuatro semanas entre cuentas de huevos y la incidencia de dengue. Conclusión: Los intervalos entre las cuentas de huevos y la incidencia de dengue podrían ser utilizados para planear intervenciones de prevención y control.

https://doi.org/10.21149/8141 47 downloads

Association of dengue fever with Aedes spp. abundance and climatological effects
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Betanzos-Reyes, Ángel Francisco

; Rodríguez, Mario Henry

; Romero-Martínez, Martín

; Sesma-Medrano, Eduardo

; Rangel-Flores, Hilda

; Santos-Luna, René

Salud Pública de México

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feb 2018, Volume 60 N. 1 Pages 12 - 20

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.21149/8141 1546 downloads

Condiciones locales de vulnerabilidad asociadas con dengue en dos comunidades de Morelos
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Chuc, Silvia

; Hurtado-Díaz, Magali

; Schilmann, Astrid

; Riojas-Rodríguez, Horacio

; Rangel, Hilda

; González-Fernández, Mariana Irina

Salud Pública de México

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apr 2013, Volume 55 N. 2 Pages 170 - 178

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the vulnerability associated with the occurrence of dengue in two villages of Morelos, Mexico from 2006 to 2009. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A survey on knowledge, risk perception, prevention practices and water use was applied in two villages of Morelos. Using a principal component analysis, an index of local vulnerability to dengue (IVL) was constructed. The association of IVL with the disease at home was assessed using a Chi-square test. RESULTS: The IVL included five components explaining 63% of the variance and was classified in three categories: low, medium and high. There was a significant association between increased vulnerability and prevalence of reported cases of dengue in Temixco and Tlaquiltenango. CONCLUSION: The study of vulnerability to dengue allows us to identify local needs in the field of health promotion.

OBJETIVO: Evaluar las condiciones de vulnerabilidad asociadas con la ocurrencia de dengue en dos localidades de Morelos en los años 2006 a 2009. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: se aplicó una encuesta sobre conocimientos, percepción de riesgo, prácticas de prevención y uso del agua en dos localidades de Morelos. Mediante un análisis de componentes principales, se construyó un índice de vulnerabilidad local al dengue (IVL). La asociación del IVL con la enfermedad en la vivienda se evaluó mediante una prueba de ji cuadrada. RESULTADOS: El IVL incluyó cinco componentes explicando el 63% de la varianza y fue clasificado en tres categorías: baja, media y alta. Se observó una asociación significativa entre el aumento de la vulnerabilidad y la prevalencia del reporte de casos de dengue en las localidades. CONCLUSIÓN: El estudio de la vulnerabilidad al dengue permite identificar necesidades locales específicas en materia de promoción de la salud.

2439 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

Condiciones locales de vulnerabilidad asociadas con dengue en dos comunidades de Morelos
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Chuc, Silvia

; Hurtado-Díaz, Magali

; Schilmann, Astrid

; Riojas-Rodríguez, Horacio

; Rangel, Hilda

; González-Fernández, Mariana Irina

Salud Pública de México

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apr 2013, Volume 55 N. 2 Pages 170 - 178

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

6897 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

Anatomía e histoquímica de la semilla del cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) criollo mexicano
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Rangel-Fajardo, Ma. Alma

; Zavaleta-Mancera, Hilda A.

; Córdova-Téllez, Leobigildo

; López-Andrade, Alejandro P.

; Delgado-Alvarado, Adriana

; Vidales-Fernández, Ignacio

; Villegas-Monter, Ángel

Revista fitotecnia mexicana

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sep 2012, Volume 35 N. 3 Pages 189 - 197

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

The present research contributes knowledge of the embryo sac, seed anatomy and histochemistry of the Mexican cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) cv. 'Carmelo', and the relationship of these traits to seed recalcitrance. Flowers in anthesis and developing seeds were processed for anatomical (safranin and fast green) and histochemical evaluations of starch, lipids, proteins and tannins. It was found that the ovule is anatropous, crassinucellate and bitegmic with nuclear endosperm, characteristics significantly associated with recalcitrance of 45 dicotyledon families. The incipient growth of the inner tegument forms an endostome and exostome out of alignment. The embryo sac is formed by three antipodal cells, two synergids, one egg cell and one binucleated central cell. The inner integument (two to three layers) becomes thicker at the beginning of development (eight to 10 layers in 1 cm seeds), but afterwards it collapses. The outer integument (three to four layers at anthesis) is multiplicative; the mesotest divides (25 to 27 layers), and then it partially collapses. Mucilage sacs of testa originate from hypodermal cells of the exotesta. The fruit flesh is maintained attached to the testa, a trait associated to recalcitrance. The embryo shows a late growth, and the globular stage (40 µm) is present in seeds of 1 cm. Young cotyledons are straight and foliar (1.5 cm seeds), but at maturity they are thick and folded over the embryo axis. The endosperm is reduced to two layers at maturity. Cotyledons start to accumulate starch and proteins in seeds of 1.5 cm (Stage VI: fruits of 21.0 to 23.9 cm); lipids start when cotyledons folds (Stage VII: fruits of 21.0 to 23.9 cm), and tannins accumulate in idioblasts at the end of seed development.

El presente estudio contribuye al conocimiento del ovulo, saco embrionario, anatomía e histoquímica de la semilla del cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) mexicano criollo 'Carmelo' y la relación de tales características con la recalcitrancia. Muestras de flores en antesis y semillas en desarrollo se procesaron para observaciones anatómica (teñidos con safranina y verde fijo) e histoquímicas de lípidos, proteínas, almidón y taninos. Se encontró que el óvulo es anátropo, crasinucelado y bitégmico, con endospermo nuclear, caracteres que han sido asociados con la recalcitrancia en 45 familias de dicotiledóneas. El tegumento interno (ti) forma un endostomo y exostomo no alineados. El saco embrionario presenta tres antípodas, dos sinérgidas, una ovocélula y una célula central binucleada. Después de la fecundación se forman ramas postcalazales que penetran el tegumento externo. El tegumento interno en antesis (dos a tres estratos) se engrosa al inicio del desarrollo (ocho a 10 estratos en semillas de 1 cm), pero luego se colapsa. El tegumento externo (tres a cuatro estratos en antesis) es multiplicativo; la mesotesta se divide (25 a 27 estratos) y luego se colapsa parcialmente. Los sacos de mucílago de la testa se originan de las células debajo de la exotesta. La pulpa del fruto se mantiene adherida a la exotesta, carácter asociado con la recalcitrancia de la semilla. El embrión presenta un crecimiento retardado, el estado globular (40 µm) está presente en semillas de 1 cm de largo. Los cotiledones jóvenes son foliosos y rectos (semillas de 1.5 cm), hacia la madurez se engrosan y pliegan sobre el eje embrionario. El endospermo se reduce a dos estratos en la madurez. Los cotiledones inician la acumulación de almidón y proteína en semillas de 1.5 cm (Etapa VI: frutos de 21.0 a 23.9 cm); los lípidos se acumulan cuando los cotiledones se pliegan, Etapa VII (frutos de 21.0 a 23.9 cm); y los taninos se acumulan en idioblastos hacia el final del desarrollo.

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10.

Tolerancia a la desecación en semillas de tres orígenes genéticos de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)
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Rangel Fajardo, Ma. Alma

; Córdova Téllez, Leobigildo

; López Andrade, Alejandro P.

; Delgado Alvarado, Adriana

; Zavaleta Mancera, Hilda A.

; Villegas Monter, Ángel

Revista fitotecnia mexicana

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sep 2011, Volume 34 N. 3 Pages 175 - 182

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Recalcitrant seeds such as Theobroma cacao L. die during the drying, but the moisture content at which dying takes place may vary among genotypes within the same species. In this research, desiccation sensitivity to drying was measured in five genotypes of cocoa from three genetic origins, and the physical changes of seeds were observed during the last stage of development. Fruits from 'Pound 7' and 'EET48' (Forasteros), 'UF667' and 'UF668' (hybrids) and 'Carmelo' (Criollo) were harvested at 5, 6 and 7 months after flowering (maf). Variables evaluated were: length, width, thickness, initial moisture content, and seed dry weight. Seeds were dried-down to 300, 200 and 150 g H2O kg-1 fw, using fresh-seed samples as controls. The effect of seed drying at the three harvest dates was evaluated through germination rates and structural changes in the embryo axes, radicle apical meristems and caliptre. Results indicated that seed moisture content varied among harvests and genotypes, from 529 g H2O kg-1 fw ('EET48') to 706 g H2O kg-1 fw ('Carmelo'). Seed dry weight increased by 2.5 g (236 %) from harvest one (5 maf) to harvest three (7 maf), increases which were associated with increments of 0.6 and 4 mm in seed width and thickness. In seeds recently harvested (high moisture) the germination rate reached 94 %, but when seed moisture declined to 300 and 200 g H2O kg-1 fw the germination rate decreased to 50 % and 0 %. The less sensitive genotypes at 300 g H 2Ok g-1 fw were 'EET48' and 'UF667'. Desiccation modified the cell structure of embryo axes. Genotypes 'Carmelo', 'Pound 7', and 'UF668' showed cellular damages (cytoplasm wrinkle, loss of the affinity of nucleic acids to safranin O, and loss of nucleus) in 50 % of the embryo cells at a moisture of 300 and 200 g H2O kg-1 fw. The less sensitive genotype was 'UF668'. It is concluded that cocoa seed sensitivity to drying can be detected among genotypes of the three originis at 300 g H2O kg-1 fw, while with dissection to the level of 200 g H2O kg-1 fw none of the cocoa genotypes was able to tolerate seed drying.

Las semillas que no toleran la desecación (recalcitrantes), como las de Theobroma cacao L., mueren durante el secado, pero el contenido de humedad al cual mueren puede variar entre genotipos de la misma especie. Aquí se estudió la sensibilidad a la desecación de cinco genotipos de cacao de tres orígenes genéticos, y los cambios físicos en las semillas en la última etapa de su desarrollo. Frutos de 'Pound 7' y 'EET48' (Forasteros), 'UF667' y 'UF668' (Trinitarios) y "Carmelo" (Criollo) se cosecharon a los 5, 6 y 7 meses después de floración (mdf), y en la semilla se midió largo, ancho, espesor, contenido de humedad inicial y peso seco. Las semillas se secaron a 300, 200 y 150 g H2O kg-1 pf, y la humedad testigo fue la de una muestra recién cosechada. El efecto del secado se midió en la germinación y en la estructura de los ejes embrionarios. Los resultados indican que entre fechas de cosecha y genotipos la humedad de las semillas fluctuó de 529 g H2O kg-1 pf ('EET 48') a 706 g H2O kg-1 pf ('Carmelo'). El peso seco incrementó en 2.5 g (236 %) de la cosecha uno (5 mdf) a la tres (7 mdf), que correspondió con aumentos de 0.6 y 4 mm en el ancho y espesor de la semilla. En semillas con la humedad al momento de cosecha, la germinación fue de 94 %. Esta tasa disminuyó en promedio, a 50 y 0 % al reducir la humedad a 300 y 200 g H2O kg-1 pf. Los genotipos menos sensibles a la desecación de 300 g H2O kg-1 fueron los genotipos 'EET48' y 'UF667'. La desecación de la semilla modificó la estructura celular de los ejes embrionarios. Los genotipos 'Carmelo', 'Pound 7' (Forastero) y 'UF668' mostraron daños (encogimiento del citoplasma, pérdida de la afinidad de los ácidos nucleicos por la Safranina y pérdida de núcleos) en 50 % de sus células embrionarias, cuando la humedad se redujo a 300 y a 200 g H2O kg-1 pf. El genotipo menos sensible fue 'UF668'. Se concluye que la sensibilidad a la desecación varía entre los genotipos de los tres orígenes genéticos a 300 g H2O kg-1, pero ninguno tolera el secado a 200 g H2O kg-1 pf.

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11.

Efecto de la concentración de Aflatoxina B1 y tiempo de exposición sobre la condición hepática de la trucha Arcoiris
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Bastardo, Hilda

; Sofía, Sara

; Nava, Luis

; Rangel, Carolina

Interciencia

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jun 2006, Volume 31 N. 6 Pages 437 - 440

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Se determinó el efecto de la concentración y tiempo de exposición de la aflatoxina B1 (AFB1) sobre la condición hepática de la trucha arcoiris (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Se utilizaron 3600 ovas embrionadas de 13 días postfertilización y 5,36mm de diámetro, se dividieron en lotes de 200 y se colocaron en 18 recipientes plásticos. Las concentraciones de AFB1 fueron 0,55 y 0,75ppm para el grupo experimental y 0 para el control, y el tiempo de exposición 1 y 2 horas por tratamiento y por repetición. Después de la exposición de las ovas, éstas fueron colocadas nuevamente en las incubadoras hasta la eclosión. Cada tres meses se sacrificaron 10 ejemplares por réplica, tratamiento y tiempo de exposición. Se determinaron las características macroscópicas del hígado utilizando cuatro categorías: hígado normal, pálido, con manchas y con tumores. El análisis de regresión logística determinó diferencias significativas en la condición hepática con las dos concentraciones de AFB1, no así los tiempos de exposición. Las truchas que presentaron hepatomas se encontraron a los 7 (3,33%), 9 (6,67%) y 13 meses de edad (57-60%) respectivamente, con las dos concentraciones de AFB1 utilizadas.

The effect of exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on the rainbow trout liver condition was determined. 3600 fertilized eggs of 13 days and 5,36cm of diameter were separated in groups of 200 eggs and placed in 18 plastic containers. The AFB1 concentrations used were 0.55 and 0.75ppm for the experimental group and 0 for the control group, with exposure times of 1 and 2 hours, and 3 repetitions for treatment. After exposure to AFB1 the eggs were returned to the incubators until eclosion. Every three months 10 specimens per concentration, repetition and exposure time were sacrificed. The livers were grouped, according to macroscopic characteristics, in four categories: normal liver, pale, spotty and with tumoral growth. Logistic regression analysis showed significant differences between the two AFB1 concentrations and the control group, while exposure time did not affect the liver condition. Trouts with liver tumors were observed at 7 (3.33%), 9 (6.67) and 13 (57-60%) months old, respectively, with the two AFB1 concentrations used.

Determinou-se o efeito da concentração e tempo de exposição da aflatoxina B1 (AFB1) sobre a condição hepática da truta arco-íris (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Utilizaram-se 3600 ovos embrionados de 13 dias pos-fertilização e 5,36mm de diâmetro, se dividiram em lotes de 200 e se colocaram em 18 recipientes plásticos. As concentrações de AFB1 foram 0,55 e 0,75ppm para o grupo experimental e 0 para o controle, e o tempo de exposição 1 e 2 horas por tratamento e por repetição: Depois da exposição, os ovos foram colocados novamente nas incubadoras até a eclosão. Cada três meses se sacrificaram 10 exemplares por réplica, tratamento e tempo de exposição. Determinaram-se as características macroscópicas do fígado utilizando quatro categorias: fígado normal, pálido, com manchas e com tumores. A análise de regressão logística determinou diferenças significativas na condição hepática com as duas concentrações de AFB1, mas não os tempos de exposição. As trutas que apresentaram hepatomas se encontraram aos 7 (3,33%), 9 (6,67%) e 13 meses de idade (57-60%) respectivamente, com as duas concentrações de AFB1 utilizadas.

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