Resumo Introdução: Com o surgimento da pandemia de COVID-19, foram adotadas várias medidas não farmacológicas para prevenir e controlar a transmissão do SARS-CoV-2. Objetivo: Comparar os internamentos pediátricos por infeção respiratória (IR) antes e depois do aparecimento do SARS-CoV-2. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospetivo dos internamentos por IR no Serviço de Pediatria de um hospital terciário entre abril de 2018 e março de 2021. Foram incluídos todos os episódios de internamento pediátrico ([0-17[ anos) com um tempo de internamento >24 horas e código de infeção respiratória do ICD-10. Os dados foram extraídos dos registos clínicos eletrónicos. Os primeiros 2 anos foram considerados ‘anos não-COVID-19’ (ano[A]1 e A2), e entre abril de 2020 e março de 2021 foi considerado o ‘ano COVID-19’ (A3). Resultados: Foi registado um total de 783 internamentos durante o período considerado. Houve uma redução significativa na incidência de vírus respiratórios no A3 em comparação com o A1 e A2 (-67% do A2 para A3; p<0,001), com uma redução na proporção de casos de bronquiolite (-42% do A2 para A3; p<0,001) e um aumento na proporção de casos de pneumonia (+124% do A2 para A3; p<0,001). Houve uma redução na incidência de vírus respiratórios do A2 para o A3 (76,6% e 56,4%, respetivamente; p<0,001), principalmente devido ao vírus sincicial respiratório (VSR; 46,8% no A2 e 2,0% no A3; p<0,001). Por outro lado, houve um aumento significativo na incidência de rinovírus do A2 para o A3 (15,3% no A2 e 22,8% no A3; p<0,001) e o SARS-CoV-2 foi identificado em 31,7% dos casos no A3. Foram ainda realizadas mais tomografias computadorizadas de tórax (5,6% vs. 10,9%; p<0,001) e utilizados mais corticoides sistémicos (26,3% vs. 40,6%; p= 0,023) do A2 para o A3. Conclusões: As medidas populacionais não farmacológicas implementadas durante a pandemia de COVID-19 associaram-se a uma redução dos internamentos pediátricos por IR, sobretudo por VSR.

Abstract Introduction: With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, several non-pharmacological measures were adopted to prevent and control the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Objective: To compare pediatric hospitalizations for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) before and after the emergence of SARS-CoV-2. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study of admissions for ARIs in the pediatric ward of a tertiary hospital between April 2018 and March 2021. Inclusion criteria comprised: hospitalization of pediatric patients ([0-17[ years); length of stay >24 hours; and a respiratory infection diagnosis code from ICD-10. Data were collected using electronic clinical records. The first two years were considered ‘non-COVID-19 years’ (year[Y]1 and Y2), while the period between April 2020 and March 2021 was considered the ‘COVID-19 year’ (Y3). Results: A total of 783 hospitalizations were included in the analysis. There was a significant decrease in ARIs admissions in Y3 compared to Y1 and 2 (-67% from Y2 to Y3; p<0.001), with a decrease in the proportion of bronchiolitis cases (-42% from Y2 to Y3; p<0.001) and an increase in pneumonia cases (+124% from Y2 to Y3; p<0.001). There was a significant decrease in the incidence of respiratory viruses from Y2 to Y3 (76.6% vs. 56.4%; p<0.001), mainly driven by a decrease in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV; 46.8% in Y2 vs. 2.0% in Y3; p<0.001). Conversely, there was a significant increase in the incidence of rhinovirus from Y2 to Y3 (15.3% vs. 22.8%; p<0.001), and SARS-CoV-2 was identified in 31.7% of cases in Y3. More chest computed tomography scans were performed (5.6% vs. 10.9%; p<0.001) and more systemic steroids were used (26.3% vs. 40.6%; p=0.023) from Y2 to Y3. Conclusions: Population-based non-pharmacological measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with a reduction in pediatric hospitalizations for ARIs. The decrease in ARIs due to RSV is particularly noteworthy in this pandemic context.

Resumo Introdução/objetivos: O conhecimento relacionado com a Doença Inflamatória Intestinal (DII) visa capacitar os doentes, proporcionando o desenvolvimento de estratégias adaptativas de coping. Recentemente, foi desenvolvido um questionário mais abrangente para avaliar os conhecimentos relacionados com a DII, o IBD-KNOW. O principal objetivo do nosso estudo foi traduzir para português e validar o questionário IBD-KNOW. Também explorámos os preditores de um elevado nível de con-hecimento relacionado com a DII e avaliámos o impacto do conhecimento na qualidade de vida associada a cuidados de saúde (QVACS) e na adesão terapêutica. Métodos: Este é um estudo observacional, unicêntrico e transversal. Traduzimos e adaptámos para português a versão original inglesa do questionário IBD-KNOW. Posteriormente, os doentes com DII de ambulatório foram convidados a preencher um questionário multimodal que incluía, a versão portuguesa do IBD-KNOW, uma escala visual analógica (EVA) de autoperceção do conhecimento, a versão portuguesa do Short IBD Questionnaire (SIBDQ) e a versão portuguesa do Morisky Adherence Scale 8-item (MMAS-8). Foram colhidos dados referentes a aspetos demográficos e da doença. Avaliámos a vali-dade (através da validade discriminatória entre voluntár-ios sem DII e da correlação entre IBD-KNOW e a EVA) e a fiabilidade (através da consistência interna, do teste-reteste e da correlação intraclasse). A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando a versão 25.0 do SPSS. Resultados: A pontuação média do IBD-KNOW foi significativamente diferente entre os voluntários não-DII (médicos: 23, enfermeiros: 18 e voluntários não-médicos: 12, p < 0,001). O IBD-KNOW mostrou uma elevada consistência interna (Cronbach’s α 0,78) e uma correlação intraclasse (0,90).

Abstract Background/Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-related knowledge empowers patients, providing the development of adaptative coping strategies. Recently, a more comprehensive questionnaire for evaluating IBD-related knowledge was developed, the IBD-KNOW. The main aim of our study was to translate to Portuguese and validate the IBD-KNOW questionnaire. We also explored the predictors of high scores of disease-related knowledge and the effect of knowledge on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and therapeutic adherence. Methods: This is an observational, unicentric, and cross-sectional study. We translated and adapted the original English version of the IBD-KNOW questionnaire into Portuguese. Afterwards, IBD patients in the outpatient clinics were invited to fill out a multimodal form including the Portuguese version of IBD-KNOW, a visual analogue scale (VAS) of self-perceived knowledge, the Portuguese version of Short IBD Questionnaire (SIBDQ) and the Portuguese version of Morisky Adherence Scale 8-item (MMAS-8). Demographic and disease characteristics were collected. We assessed validity (through discriminate validity among non-IBD volunteers and correlation between IBD-KNOW and VAS) and reliability (through internal consistency, test-retest, and intraclass correlation). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: The mean IBD-KNOW score was significantly different among non-IBD validation group (doctors: 23, nurses: 18, and non-medical volunteers: 12, p < 0.001). IBD-KNOW showed a high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α 0.78) and intraclass correlation (0.90). As expected, the IBD-KNOW score was positively correlated with VAS for self-perceived knowledge (r =0.45, p < 0.001). One hundred and one patients with IBD (54 with ulcerative colitis and 47 with Crohn’s disease) completed the questionnaire at baseline. Multivariate analyses showed that a high IBD-KNOW score was associated with longer disease duration (OR: 2.59 [CI 1.11-5.74]; p = 0.04), previous hospitalization (OR: 3.63 [CI 1.301-9.96]; p = 0.01), current biologic treatment (OR: 3.37 [CI 1.31-8.65]; p = 0.02), and higher educational level (OR: 4.66 [CI 1.74-10.21]; p = 0.02). Moreover, there was no significant correlation between overall IBD-KNOW and SIBDQ, nor between IBD treatment adherence (MMAS-8 = 8) and a higher mean IBD-KNOW score (p = 0.552). Conclusion: The Portuguese version of IBD-KNOW is a simple, valid, and reliable tool for assessing IBD-related knowledge. Longer disease duration, hospitalization, use of biologics, and higher educational level are associated with higher levels of knowledge. Higher patient knowledge was not associated with higher HRQoL and adherence to therapy.

Resumo A aplicação de águas residuárias da bovinocultura (ARB) é uma prática usual, entretanto, carece de investigação acerca dos seus efeitos agronômicos para subsidiar a sua utilização sustentável. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o reúso da ARB e da adubação mineral nitrogenada sobre os atributos morfológicos, bromatológicos e de produtividade da pastagem de Tifton 85 durante o inverno. Foram avaliados diferentes tipos de água aplicados por aspersão (I - água de córrego, II - ARB e água de córrego em proporção 1:1, e III - ARB) e dois níveis de adubação nitrogenada mineral (0 e 45 kg N ha-1) aplicados no início da rebrota. A irrigação foi semanal e totalizou 2.440 m3 ha-1. Aos 106 dias após a rebrota foram medidas a produtividade da forrageira, altura, razão folha/colmo, índice de área foliar, índice de nutrição de nitrogênio, proteína bruta, fibras insolúveis em detergente ácido, fibras insolúveis em detergente neutro e matéria mineral. A adubação mineral na dose de 45 kg N ha-1 não influenciou as variáveis avaliadas. Em média, o reúso da ARB elevou a produtividade de 2,50 para 5,12 t ha-1 e a proteína bruta de 12,35% para 14,58% comparado com a água de córrego. O reúso da ARB com ou sem diluição proporcionou produtividade, qualidade nutricional e acúmulo de nitrogênio pela pastagem superiores à irrigação com apenas água de córrego (p < 0,01), sendo o reúso com ARB diluída (1:1) e sem adubação é suficiente para sustentar a pastagem de Tifton 85 durante o inverno no Cerrado. (ARB usual entretanto sustentável morfológicos 8 I 11, 11 1 1, 1:1 0 ( 4 ha1 ha 2440 2 440 2.44 m ha1. 1. 10 forrageira altura folhacolmo folha colmo folha/colmo foliar ácido ha- avaliadas média 250 50 2,5 512 5 12 5,1 1235 35 12,35 1458 14 58 14,58 p 0,01, 001 0,01 , 01 0,01) (1:1 Cerrado 1: 244 44 2.4 25 2, 51 5, 123 3 12,3 145 14,5 00 0,0 (1: 24 2. 12, 14, 0, (1

Abstract The utilization of wastewater from livestock farming (WLF) represents a common agricultural practice, but the absence of research on its agronomic impacts hinders its sustainable implementation. This study assesses the reutilization of WLF combined with nitrogen fertilization on the morphological, bromatological, and productivity attributes of a Tifton 85 pasture during the winter season. The study involved the application of different types of water via sprinkler: (I) stream water; (II) mixture of WLF and stream water at a 1:1 ratio; and (III) undiluted WLF combined with mineral nitrogen fertilization (0 and 45 kg N ha-1) administered at the commencement of the regrowth period. Irrigation was applied on a weekly basis, totaling 2,440 m3 ha-1. At 106 days post-regrowth, parameters including forage productivity, height, leaf-stem ratio, leaf area index, nitrogen nutrition index, crude protein content, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and mineral matter content were determined. Mineral fertilization at the prescribed dosage (45 kg N ha-1) did not have any discernible impact on the parameters under investigation. On average, the reuse of WLF raised the productivity from 2.50 to 5.12 t ha-1 and the Crude Protein from 12.35% to 14.58% compared to stream water. The reuse of WLF demonstrated superior outcomes (p < 0.01) in terms of pasture productivity, nutritional quality, and nitrogen accumulation compared to irrigation solely with stream water. The reuse of diluted WLF (1:1) without fertilization proved adequate to sustain Tifton 85 pastures during the winter season in the Brazilian Cerrado region. (WLF practice implementation morphological bromatological 8 sprinkler I (I II (II 11 1 1: ratio III (III 0 ( 4 ha1 ha period basis 2440 2 440 2,44 m ha1. 1. 10 postregrowth, postregrowth post regrowth, post-regrowth height leafstem stem index fiber determined (4 investigation average 250 50 2.5 512 5 12 5.1 ha- 1235 35 12.35 1458 14 58 14.58 p 0.01 001 01 quality (1:1 region 244 44 2,4 25 2. 51 5. 123 3 12.3 145 14.5 0.0 00 (1: 24 2, 12. 14. 0. (1

Abstract Studies evaluating the roughness, wettability and microbial adhesion of 3D-printed resins for complete denture bases and teeth are scarce. Objective This study evaluated the surface roughness, wettability and adhesion of multispecies biofilms (Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans) on 3D-printed resins for complete denture bases and teeth compared to conventional resins (heat-polymerized acrylic resin; artificial pre-fabricated teeth). Methodology Circular specimens (n=39; 6.0 mm Ø × 2.0 mm) of each group were subjected to roughness (n=30), wettability (n=30) and biofilm adhesion (n=9) tests. Three roughness measurements were taken by laser confocal microscopy and a mean value was calculated. Wettability was evaluated by the contact angle of sessile drop method, considering the mean of the three evaluations per specimen. In parallel, microorganism adhesion to resin surfaces was evaluated using a multispecies biofilm model. Microbial load was evaluated by determining the number of Colony Forming Units (CFU/mL) and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were subjected to the Wald test in a generalized linear model with multiple comparisons and Bonferroni adjustment, as well as two-way ANOVA (α=5%). Results The roughness of the conventional base resin (0.01±0.04) was lower than that of the conventional tooth (0.14±0.04) (p=0.023) and 3D-printed base (0.18±0.08) (p<0.001). For wettability, conventional resin (84.20±5.57) showed a higher contact angle than the 3D-printed resin (60.58±6.18) (p<0.001). Higher microbial loads of S. mutans (p=0.023) and S. aureus (p=0.010) were observed on the surface of the conventional resin (S. mutans: 5.48±1.55; S. aureus: 7.01±0.57) compared to the 3D-printed resin (S. mutans: 4.11±1.96; S. aureus: 6.42±0.78). The adhesion of C. albicans was not affected by surface characteristics. The conventional base resin showed less roughness than the conventional dental resin and the printed base resin. Conclusion The 3D-printed resins for base and tooth showed less hydrophobicity and less adhesion of S. mutans and S. aureus than conventional resins. 3Dprinted Dprinted 3D D scarce Candida heatpolymerized heat polymerized prefabricated pre fabricated teeth. . teeth) n=39 n39 n 39 (n=39 60 6 0 6. 20 2 2. n=30, n30 n=30 , 30 (n=30 n=9 n9 9 (n=9 tests calculated method specimen parallel CFU/mL CFUmL CFU mL (CFU/mL SEM. SEM (SEM) adjustment twoway two way α=5%. α5 α α=5% 5 (α=5%) 0.01±0.04 001004 01 04 (0.01±0.04 0.14±0.04 014004 14 (0.14±0.04 p=0.023 p0023 p 023 (p=0.023 0.18±0.08 018008 18 08 (0.18±0.08 p<0.001. p0001 p<0.001 001 (p<0.001) 84.20±5.57 8420557 84 57 (84.20±5.57 60.58±6.18 6058618 58 (60.58±6.18 S p=0.010 p0010 010 (p=0.010 (S 5.48±1.55 548155 48 1 55 7.01±0.57 701057 7 4.11±1.96 411196 4 11 96 6.42±0.78. 642078 6.42±0.78 42 78 6.42±0.78) C characteristics n=3 n3 3 (n=3 n= (n= (SEM α=5 (α=5% 0.01±0.0 00100 (0.01±0.0 0.14±0.0 01400 (0.14±0.0 p=0.02 p002 02 (p=0.02 0.18±0.0 01800 (0.18±0.0 p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.001 84.20±5.5 842055 8 (84.20±5.5 60.58±6.1 605861 (60.58±6.1 p=0.01 p001 (p=0.01 5.48±1.5 54815 7.01±0.5 70105 4.11±1.9 41119 64207 6.42±0.7 (n α= (α=5 0.01±0. 0010 (0.01±0. 0.14±0. 0140 (0.14±0. p=0.0 p00 (p=0.0 0.18±0. 0180 (0.18±0. p<0.0 (p<0.00 84.20±5. 84205 (84.20±5. 60.58±6. 60586 (60.58±6. 5.48±1. 5481 7.01±0. 7010 4.11±1. 4111 6420 6.42±0. (α= 0.01±0 (0.01±0 0.14±0 014 (0.14±0 p=0. p0 (p=0. 0.18±0 018 (0.18±0 p<0. (p<0.0 84.20±5 8420 (84.20±5 60.58±6 6058 (60.58±6 5.48±1 548 7.01±0 701 4.11±1 411 642 6.42±0 (α 0.01± (0.01± 0.14± (0.14± p=0 (p=0 0.18± (0.18± p<0 (p<0. 84.20± 842 (84.20± 60.58± 605 (60.58± 5.48± 54 7.01± 70 4.11± 41 64 6.42± 0.01 (0.01 0.14 (0.14 p= (p= 0.18 (0.18 p< (p<0 84.20 (84.20 60.58 (60.58 5.48 7.01 4.11 6.42 0.0 (0.0 0.1 (0.1 (p (p< 84.2 (84.2 60.5 (60.5 5.4 7.0 4.1 6.4 0. (0. 84. (84. 60. (60. 5. 7. 4. (0 (84 (60 ( (8 (6

Abstract Introduction Adolescents represent an important demographic percentage in the studied population and in Emergency Departments (ED). It is imperative that health professionals and services are prepared to address this population. This work aims to characterize adolescents at the ED of a Brazilian private tertiary hospital. Methods The study was an observational, retrospective longitudinal cohort that included 37,450 visits of patients aged 10 to 21 years of age, between January 2018 and June 2022 in the ED of a private tertiary hospital. The study evaluated the reason for the consultation, diagnosis, need for hospitalization, the medical professional responsible for the care, severity, and paying source of care. Results 53.7% were female. Mean age was 16.2y for girls and 15.6y for boys (p < 0.005). The most common complaints were flu-like symptoms (17.4%), sore throat (8.2%), fever (6.7%) and limb trauma (6.3%). Flu-like symptoms were the main consultations caused in all age groups and genders. 36.8% were attended by a general practitioner, 35.8% by a pediatrician, 15.1% by orthopedics and 5.6% by surgeons. The hospitalization rate was 5.5%. There was a strong correlation between age and hospitalization rate (correlation coefficient [r = 0.93]; p < 0.001). The most prevalent diagnoses in hospitalizations were acute abdomen (12.7%) and trauma (9.4%). 78.2% of the consultations were classified as “not urgent”. There was a strong correlation between age and severity (r = 0.86; p < 0.001). 92.7% of the consultations were paid by medical insurance. Conclusion In this study, flu-like symptoms were the single main reason for adolescents to search for immediate health care, in every age subgroup and gender, but represented a small risk for hospital admission. Limb trauma was more common in younger male teenagers. Acute abdominal pain and trauma were the most frequent causes of hospital admissions. There was a significant and strong correlation between age and both admission rate and severity. ED. . (ED) observational 37450 37 450 37,45 1 2 201 202 consultation diagnosis care 537 53 7 53.7 female 162y y 16 2y 156y 15 6y 0.005. 0005 0.005 0 005 0.005) flulike flu like 17.4%, 174 17.4% , 17 4 (17.4%) 8.2%, 82 8.2% 8 (8.2%) 6.7% 67 6 (6.7% 6.3%. 63 6.3% 3 (6.3%) Flulike Flu genders 368 36 36.8 practitioner 358 35 35.8 pediatrician 151 15.1 56 5 5.6 surgeons 55 5.5% r 0.93 093 93 0.93] 0.001. 0001 0.001 001 0.001) 12.7% 127 12 (12.7% 9.4%. 94 9.4% 9 (9.4%) 782 78 78.2 not urgent. urgent urgent” 0.86 086 86 927 92 92.7 insurance gender teenagers admissions (ED 3745 45 37,4 20 53. 000 0.00 00 17.4 (17.4% 8.2 (8.2% 6.7 (6.7 6.3 (6.3% 36. 35. 15. 5. 5.5 0.9 09 12.7 (12.7 9.4 (9.4% 78. 0.8 08 92. 374 37, 0.0 17. (17.4 8. (8.2 6. (6. (6.3 0. 12. (12. 9. (9.4 (17. (8. (6 (12 (9. (17 (8 ( (1 (9

Abstract In low and middle-income countries such as Brazil, most maternal deaths are related to hypertensive complications. Preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Significant proportion is associated with the following factors: lack of identification of high-risk women, lack of adequate prevention, difficulty in maintaining a high-risk prenatal follow-up, delayed diagnosis, insecurity and low use of magnesium sulphate, delayed pregnancy interruption and lack of postpartum follow-up of these high-risk cases. Four major actions are proposed to minimize this alarming clinical picture and reduce the mortality rates due to preeclampsia, called the "4 P Rule" (Adequate Prevention – Vigilant Prenatal Care – Timely Delivery (Parturition) – Safe Postpartum). From this simple "rule" we can open a range of important processes and reminders that may help in the guidance of preeclampsia management. middleincome middle income Brazil complications morbidity factors highrisk high risk women prevention followup, followup follow up, up diagnosis sulphate cases 4 " Rule Adequate Parturition (Parturition Postpartum. Postpartum . Postpartum) rule "rule management

Abstract Occlusal stabilization splints are the most common treatment for controlling the deleterious effects of sleep bruxism. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost, mixed occlusal splint (MOS) compared to that of a rigid splint. A randomized clinical trial was performed on 43 adults of both sexes with possible sleep bruxism and satisfactory dental conditions. They were divided into rigid occlusal splint (ROS) (n = 23) and MOS (n = 20) groups. Masticatory muscle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain intensity (visual analog scale), quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF), indentations in the oral mucosa, anxiety, and depression (HADS), number of days of splint use, and splint wear were evaluated. All variables were evaluated at baseline (T0), 6 months (T6), and 12 months (T12) after splint installation (T0), and splint wear was evaluated at T6 and T12. Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, non-parametric Friedman’s analysis of variance for paired samples and pairwise multiple comparisons, Pearson’s chi-square test, two-proportion z-test, non-parametric McNemar’s and Cochran’s Q, and Wilcoxon tests were used (p < 0.05). In both groups, there was a decrease in TMJ pain and pain intensity over time and improvements in the quality of life scores. At T6, there was a higher rate of splint wear in the MOS group than in the ROS group (p = 0.023). The MOS showed a higher rate of wear than the rigid splint but had similar results for the other variables. Therefore, the use of a mixed splint appears to be effective in controlling the signs and symptoms of sleep bruxism. lowcost, lowcost low cost, cost low-cost (MOS 4 conditions (ROS n 23 20 groups (TMJ visual scale, scale , scale) WHOQOLBREF, WHOQOLBREF WHOQOL BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) mucosa anxiety HADS, HADS (HADS) T0, T0 T (T0) (T6) 1 T12 (T12 Students Student s ttest, ttest t test t-test MannWhitney Mann Whitney nonparametric non parametric Friedmans Friedman comparisons Pearsons Pearson chisquare chi square twoproportion two proportion ztest, ztest z z-test McNemars McNemar Cochrans Cochran Q p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) scores 0.023. 0023 0.023 023 0.023) Therefore 2 (WHOQOL-BREF (HADS (T0 (T6 T1 (T1 00 0.0 002 0.02 02 (T 0.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Dengue is the most fatal virus disease spread by mosquito bites and Aedes aegypti is the main transmitting agent. It is an endemic disease in the tropical and subtropical regions, currently affecting more than 100 countries. Although most patients present mild forms of the disease, a considerable proportion of individuals has severe alterations in the blood count. The aim of this study was to evaluate the consumption pattern of blood components in epidemic and non-epidemic periods and to verify if there was an impact on dengue cases and the death rate. Method: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted through the collection and analysis of data from the Brazilian Ministry of Health from 2008 to 2019 on new cases and deaths from dengue, as well as the consumption of blood components in the period mentioned by hemovigilance bulletins of the Brazilian authority. Results: Regarding the results, no significant difference was found between the absolute amount of blood components used in years with an epidemic peak. Regarding the relative values, an important variation was shown among the distributive consumption patterns of blood components in the outbreak years. In the univariate linear regression analysis, there was statistical significance between the increase in the number of dengue cases and deaths from dengue with the increase in the consumption of red blood cell concentrates (RBP), platelet concentrates (PP), fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and cryoprecipitate (Cryo) (p-value < 0.05). The increase in dengue cases was related to the increase in Cryo consumption with clinical significance (R² > 0.5), but dengue deaths were not correlated to the same. In multivariate analysis, all regression models had clinical and statistical significance. Conclusion: The data obtained in the present study demonstrate that there is a relevant relationship between the increase in cases and deaths from dengue with the blood components usage, especially PP, FFP and cryoprecipitate. Introduction agent regions 10 countries count nonepidemic non rate Method crosssectional cross sectional 200 201 authority Results results peak values RBP, RBP , (RBP) PP (PP) (FFP (Cryo pvalue p value 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) R² R (R 0.5, 0.5 5 0.5) same Conclusion usage 1 20 (RBP (PP 00 0.0 0. 2

Abstract Mexico is one of the world’s foremost producers and exporters of bees’ honey (Apis mellifera L.), and the state of Jalisco is one of the top three honey producers in Mexico. However, the Mexican beekeeping industry is affected by the high defensive behavior and lower honey production of Africanized honey bees compared to European bees. The objective of this study was to determine the African or European ancestry of honey bee colonies in six regions of temperate and subtropical climates in the state of Jalisco, Mexico, using morphometric and mitochondrial DNA analyses. More than 50% of the colonies in Jalisco had African mitotype and morphotype (59.0% and 62.5%, respectively). The frequency of africanization of the studied colonies was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in regions of low altitude and in subtropical climates, such as the Southeast and Southwest regions, than in regions of higher elevation and in temperate climates, such as Los Altos. There was a significant correlation between the forewing length of the bees and the altitude at which their colonies were located (r = 0.51, p< 0.01), indicating that the lower the altitude, the higher the degree of africanization of the bees. Future studies are warranted to determine if the degree of africanization of honey bee colonies increases or remains in equilibrium. These studies will make it posible to design mitigation strategies against the negative effects of the africanization of honey bees.

Resumen México es de los principales productores y exportadores de miel de abejas (Apis mellifera L.) a nivel mundial y el estado de Jalisco se encuentra entre los tres primeros productores a nivel nacional. Sin embargo, la apicultura mexicana es afectada por el alto comportamiento defensivo y menor productividad de las abejas africanizadas en comparación con abejas europeas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la ancestría africana o europea de colonias de abejas melíferas en seis regiones de clima templado y subtropical en el estado de Jalisco, México, mediante análisis morfométricos y de ADN mitocondrial. Más del 50% de las colonias de abejas de Jalisco tuvieron mitotipo y morfotipo africano (59.0 y 62.5%, respectivamente). La frecuencia de africanización de las colonias fue significativamente mayor (p < 0.05) en regiones de baja altitud y climas subtropicales (regiones Sureste y Suroeste), que en regiones de mayor elevación y en climas templados (región de los Altos). Hubo correlación significativa entre la longitud del ala de las abejas y la altitud a la que se encontraban las colonias (r = 0.51, p < 0.01); esto indica que a menor altitud hay un mayor grado de africanización de las abejas. Se recomiendan realizar estudios para determinar si el grado de africanización de las colonias de abejas aumenta o se mantiene en equilibrio, lo que permitirá diseñar estrategias de amortiguamiento de los efectos negativos de la africanización de las abejas melíferas.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a ocorrência de eventos adversos em pós-operatório cardíaco em uma unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica e estabelecer eventuais associações das características dos pacientes e a possibilidade de predizer tais eventos. Métodos: Coorte histórica de 7 dias de pós-operatório cardíaco, de abril a dezembro de 2019, por revisão de prontuários de pacientes com recuperação em unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica. Foram revisados: características demográficas e clínico-laboratoriais, escores de gravidade dos pacientes e eventos adversos selecionados agrupados em: relacionados a dispositivos, a aspectos cirúrgicos e a aspectos não cirúrgicos. Resultados: Foram incluídos 238 prontuários. Ocorreu pelo menos um evento adverso em 110 pós-operatórios (46,2 %). O número total de eventos adversos foi 193 (81%), sendo mais frequente a complicação com cateteres vasculares, seguida de parada cardíaca, sangramento e reexploração cirúrgica. Na análise univariada, escore vasoativo-inotrópico (VIS- vasoactive-inotropic score), Risk Adjustment in Congenital Heart Surgery (RACHS-1) score, idade, Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM-2), tempo de circulação extracorpórea e de clampeamento aórtico foram estatisticamente significantes com eventos adversos. Na análise multivariável, VIS ≥ 20 (OR 2,90; p = 0,004) e RACHS-1 ≥ 3 (OR 2,11; p = 0,019) mostraram-se relevantes e com significância estatística, enquanto idade e fechamento tardio do esterno possuíam apenas tendência a essa associação. Considerando a previsão de ocorrência de eventos adversos a partir dos valores de escore vasoativo-inotrópico e de RACHS-1, a área sob a curva mostrou valor de 0,73 (IC95% 0,66 - 0,79). Conclusão: A frequência de eventos adversos foi expressiva e aqueles relacionados a dispositivos foram os mais frequentes. O VIS e o RACHS-1, utilizados em conjunto, foram capazes de predizer a ocorrência de eventos adversos nesta amostra pediátrica. Objetivo pósoperatório pós operatório Métodos 2019 revisados clínicolaboratoriais, clínicolaboratoriais clínico laboratoriais, laboratoriais clínico-laboratoriais Resultados 23 11 pósoperatórios operatórios 46,2 462 46 2 (46, %. % . %) 19 81%, 81 81% , (81%) vasculares cardíaca cirúrgica univariada vasoativoinotrópico vasoativo inotrópico (VIS vasoactiveinotropic vasoactive inotropic score score) RACHS1 RACHS 1 (RACHS-1 PIM2, PIM2 PIM (PIM-2) multivariável OR 2,90 290 90 0,004 0004 0 004 RACHS- 2,11 211 0,019 0019 019 mostraramse mostraram se estatística associação RACHS1, 1, 073 73 0,7 IC95% IC95 IC (IC95 066 66 0,6 0,79. 079 0,79 79 0,79) Conclusão frequentes conjunto 201 46, 4 (46 8 (81% (RACHS- (PIM-2 2,9 29 9 0,00 000 00 2,1 21 0,01 001 01 07 0, IC9 (IC9 06 6 (4 (81 (RACHS (PIM- 2, 0,0 (IC ( (8 (PIM

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of adverse events in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery in a pediatric intensive care unit and to find any patient characteristics that can predict such events. Methods: This was a historical cohort study of patients recovering in the pediatric intensive care unit for the first 7 days after cardiac surgery between April and December 2019, by reviewing the medical records. The following were reviewed: demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics; patient severity scores; and selected adverse events, grouped into device-related, surgical, and nonsurgical. Results: A total of 238 medical records were included. At least one adverse event occurred in 110 postoperative patients (46.2%). The total number of adverse events was 193 (81%). Vascular catheters were the most common cause, followed by cardiac arrest, bleeding, and surgical reexploration. In the univariate analysis, the vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS), Risk Adjustment in Congenital Heart Surgery (RACHS-1) score, age, Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM-2), cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic clamping duration were significantly associated with adverse events. In the multivariate analysis, VIS ≥ 20 (OR 2.90; p = 0.004) and RACHS-1 ≥ 3 (OR 2.11; p = 0.019) were significant predictors, while age and delayed sternal closure showed only trends toward significance. To predict the occurrence of adverse events from VIS and RACHS-1, the area under the curve was 0.73 (95%CI 0.66 - 0.79). Conclusion: Adverse events were quite frequent in children after cardiac surgery, especially those related to devices. The VIS and RACHS-1, used together, predicted the occurrence of adverse events well in this pediatric sample. Objective Methods 2019 reviewed demographic clinical scores devicerelated, devicerelated device related, device-related nonsurgical Results 23 included 11 46.2%. 462 46.2% . 46 2 (46.2%) 19 81%. 81 81% (81%) cause arrest bleeding reexploration analysis vasoactiveinotropic vasoactive inotropic VIS, , (VIS) RACHS1 RACHS 1 (RACHS-1 PIM2, PIM2 PIM (PIM-2) OR 2.90 290 90 0.004 0004 0 004 RACHS- 2.11 211 0.019 0019 019 predictors significance RACHS1, 1, 073 73 0.7 95%CI 95CI CI 95 066 66 0.6 0.79. 079 0.79 79 0.79) Conclusion devices together sample 201 46.2 4 (46.2% 8 (81% (VIS (RACHS- (PIM-2 2.9 29 9 0.00 000 00 2.1 21 0.01 001 01 07 0. 06 6 46. (46.2 (81 (RACHS (PIM- 2. 0.0 (46. (8 (PIM (46 ( (4

The aim of this study was to develop a fast, simple and accurate analytical method for the classification of reference tablet analgesic drugs containing dipyrone, orphenadrine and caffeine using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and visible-near infrared spectroscopy (VNIRS) associated with one-class chemometric classification algorithm. The training set is based on reference medicine with 15 samples as target class. Three different brands with 10 samples each and five reference medicine samples, obtaining 35 samples, were used as the test set. Chemometric models based on principal component analysis (PCA) and data-driven soft independent modelling of class analogy (DD-SIMCA) were used to obtain the results. Two DD-SIMCA models obtained 100% sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy using DSC and VNIRS, both with a significance level of 0.01. This method using one-class classification as a chemometric tool proved to be a good alternative for quality control of pharmaceutical samples. fast dipyrone (DSC visiblenear visible near VNIRS (VNIRS oneclass one algorithm 1 3 PCA (PCA datadriven data driven DDSIMCA DD SIMCA (DD-SIMCA results 100 sensitivity specificity 001 0 01 0.01 00 0.0 0.

Resumo Fundamento O infarto agudo do miocárdio é uma das principais causas de mortalidade em todo o mundo e a formação de placa aterosclerótica é o principal mecanismo fisiopatológico, que resulta em inflamação crônica e induz a maturação eritrocitária, podendo causar aumento no índice de amplitude de distribuição dos glóbulos vermelhos (RDW). Objetivo Avaliar o papel do índice de anisocitose em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio em ambos os tipos de infarto como preditor de gravidade. Métodos Os pacientes foram incluídos no estudo de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, seguindo a rotina hospitalar baseada na história clínica e laboratorial. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas de acordo com cada variável. Chegou-se a todas as conclusões considerando o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Durante o período de acompanhamento, nos 349 pacientes analisados, a taxa de mortalidade esteve associada às variáveis RDW (CV) e RDW (SD). Nos pacientes que foram a óbito, notou-se aumento, conforme demonstrado no modelo multivariado, nos efeitos de um infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST e RDW, ajustado para fatores de confusão (valor-p = 0,03 e 0,04). Em contrapartida, o número total de eritrócitos (valor-p = 0,00) e hemoglobina (valor-p = 0,03) apresentou diminuição durante a internação de pacientes graves. Conclusão O índice de anisocitose foi fator preditivo de mortalidade e pode ser utilizado como indicador de pior prognóstico em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio. fisiopatológico eritrocitária RDW. . (RDW) gravidade exclusão laboratorial variável Chegouse Chegou se 5 5% acompanhamento 34 analisados CV (CV SD. SD (SD) óbito notouse notou multivariado valorp valor p 003 0 03 0,0 0,04. 004 0,04 04 0,04) contrapartida 0,00 000 00 graves (RDW 3 (SD 0,

Abstract Background Acute myocardial infarction is a major cause of mortality worldwide, and atherosclerotic plaque formation is the main pathophysiological mechanism, which results in chronic inflammation that induces erythrocyte maturation and may cause an increase in the red cell distribution width (RDW) index. Objective Evaluate the role of the anisocytosis index in patients with acute myocardial infarction in both types of infarctions as a predictor of severity. Methods Patients were included in the study according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, following the hospital routine based on their clinical and laboratory history. Statistical analyzes were performed according to each variable. All conclusions were drawn considering the significance level of 5%. Results During the follow-up period, in the 349 patients analyzed, the mortality rate was associated with the variables RDW (CV) and RDW (SD), in those patients who died, an increase was noted, as demonstrated in the multivariate model, for the effects of an acute ST elevation myocardial infarction and the RDW, adjusted for confounding factors (p-value = 0.03 and 0.04). In contrast, the total number of erythrocytes (p-value = 0.00) and hemoglobin (p-value = 0.03) showed a decrease during severe patients’ hospitalization. Conclusion The anisocytosis index was a predictive factor of mortality and can be used as an indicator of worse prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. worldwide mechanism (RDW severity inclusionexclusion inclusion exclusion criteria history variable 5 5% followup follow up period 34 analyzed CV (CV SD, SD , (SD) died noted model pvalue p value 003 0 03 0.0 0.04. 004 0.04 . 04 0.04) contrast 0.00 000 00 hospitalization 3 (SD 0.

RESUMO: A periodontite afeta os tecidos de suporte dos dentes levando à perda dentária e danos à saúde do animal. Evidências em humanos sugerem que os microrganismos orais se espalham sistemicamente, aumentando o risco de distúrbios da gravidez, como aborto espontâneo, prematuridade e baixo peso ao nascer. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar se microrganismos periodontopatogênicos atingem a unidade transplacentária, culminando em problemas em ovelhas gestantes. Após análise da cavidade oral, foram selecionadas 10 ovelhas gestantes clinicamente saudáveis (grupo OGCH) e 10 ovelhas gestantes com periodontite (grupo OGP). O biofilme subgengival foi coletado para o teste de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e o líquido amniótico para teste de PCR e análise de interleucina (IL). Sangue periférico foi coletado para hemograma completo e análises de IL-6, IL1-β e fator de necrose tumoral-α foram realizadas. Fragmentos de placenta foram coletados para avaliação das alterações inflamatórias por meio de microscopia óptica. Após o parto, as ovelhas e seus cordeiros foram pesados. Ao exame clínico, observou-se correlação positiva entre sangramento e supuração (índice de correlação - IC=0,54), supuração e gengivite marginal (IC=0,34) e gengivite marginal e edema (IC=0,54). Os pesos das ovelhas (p=0,013) e de seus respectivos cordeiros (p=0,04) do grupo OGP foram inferiores aos do grupo OGCH. A análise hematológica revelou que as ovelhas do grupo OGP apresentaram discreto aumento no volume corpuscular médio (p=0,2447), células segmentadas (p=0,3375) e eosinófilos (p=0,3823) quando comparadas com as ovelhas do grupo OGCH, sem diferença estatística diferença. Em relação aos microrganismos detectados na cavidade oral, houve diferença significativa entre a ocorrência de bolsas periodontais e a presença de Fusobacterium necrophorum (p=0,0328), Porphyromonas asaccharolytica (p=0,0392) e da classe Mollicutes (p=0,0352). O gênero Staphylococcus (p=0,9107) e o domínio Archaea (p=0,7245) foram detectados nas amostras amnióticas de ambos os grupos, sem diferença significativa, enquanto P. asaccharolytica (p=0,2685) foi detectado apenas em uma amostra do grupo OGCH. A expressão da citocina IL-6 no grupo OGP diferiu significativamente entre os períodos pré e pós-parto (p=0,0039); além disso, diferiu significativamente no período pós-parto entre os grupos OGCH e OGP (p=0,0198). O exame histológico mostrou maior porcentagem de alterações placentárias no grupo OGP (70%) do que no grupo OGCH, como a presença de macrófagos, neutrófilos, plasmócitos e áreas multifocais de calcificação. Esses resultados não corroboram a hipótese de disseminação de microrganismos orais para a unidade placentária, sugerindo que se trata de um isolamento placentário em ovinos. RESUMO animal sistemicamente gravidez espontâneo nascer transplacentária oral 1 OGP. . OGP) (PCR IL. IL (IL) IL6, IL6 6, 6 IL1β ILβ IL1 β tumoralα tumoral α realizadas óptica parto pesados clínico observouse observou índice IC=0,54, IC054 IC IC=0,54 , 0 54 IC=0,54) IC=0,34 IC034 34 (IC=0,34 IC=0,54. (IC=0,54) p=0,013 p0013 p 013 (p=0,013 p=0,04 p004 04 (p=0,04 p=0,2447, p02447 p=0,2447 2447 (p=0,2447) p=0,3375 p03375 3375 (p=0,3375 p=0,3823 p03823 3823 (p=0,3823 p=0,0328, p00328 p=0,0328 0328 (p=0,0328) p=0,0392 p00392 0392 (p=0,0392 p=0,0352. p00352 p=0,0352 0352 (p=0,0352) p=0,9107 p09107 9107 (p=0,9107 p=0,7245 p07245 7245 (p=0,7245 P p=0,2685 p02685 2685 (p=0,2685 IL- pósparto pós p=0,0039 p00039 0039 (p=0,0039) disso p=0,0198. p00198 p=0,0198 0198 (p=0,0198) 70% 70 (70% macrófagos neutrófilos calcificação placentária ovinos (IL IC05 IC=0,5 5 IC=0,3 IC03 3 (IC=0,3 (IC=0,54 p=0,01 p001 01 (p=0,01 p=0,0 p00 (p=0,0 p0244 p=0,244 244 (p=0,2447 p=0,337 p0337 337 (p=0,337 p=0,382 p0382 382 (p=0,382 p0032 p=0,032 032 (p=0,0328 p=0,039 p0039 039 (p=0,039 p0035 p=0,035 035 (p=0,0352 p=0,910 p0910 910 (p=0,910 p=0,724 p0724 724 (p=0,724 p=0,268 p0268 268 (p=0,268 p=0,003 p0003 003 (p=0,0039 p0019 p=0,019 019 (p=0,0198 7 (70 IC0 IC=0, (IC=0, (IC=0,5 p=0, p0 (p=0, p024 p=0,24 24 (p=0,244 p=0,33 p033 33 (p=0,33 p=0,38 p038 38 (p=0,38 p003 p=0,03 03 (p=0,032 (p=0,03 (p=0,035 p=0,91 p091 91 (p=0,91 p=0,72 p072 72 (p=0,72 p=0,26 p026 26 (p=0,26 p=0,00 p000 00 (p=0,003 (p=0,019 (7 IC=0 (IC=0 p=0 (p=0 p02 p=0,2 2 (p=0,24 p=0,3 p03 (p=0,3 p=0,9 p09 9 (p=0,9 p=0,7 p07 (p=0,7 (p=0,2 (p=0,00 ( IC= (IC= p= (p= (IC (p

ABSTRACT: Periodontitis affects the teeth supporting tissues, leading to tooth loss and damage to animal health. Evidence in humans suggests that oral microorganisms spread systemically, increasing the risk of pregnancy disorders such as miscarriage, prematurity, and low birth weight. This study aimed to verify whether periodontopathogenic microorganisms reach the transplacental unit, culminating in problems in pregnant ewes. After analyzing the oral cavity, 10 clinically healthy pregnant ewes (OGCH group) and 10 pregnant ewes with periodontitis (OGP group) were selected. The subgingival biofilm was collected for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and amniotic fluid for both the PCR and interleukin (IL) analysis. Peripheral blood was collected for complete blood count, and analyses of IL-6, IL1-β, and tumor necrosis factor-α were performed. Placental fragments were collected to assess the inflammatory changes using optical microscopy. After giving birth, both the ewes and their lambs were weighed. On clinical examination, a positive correlation between bleeding and suppuration (correlation index - CI=0.54), suppuration and marginal gingivitis (CI=0.34), and marginal gingivitis and edema (CI=0.54) was observed. The weights of the ewes (p=0.013) and their respective lambs (p=0.04) in the OGP group were lower than those of their OGCH group counterparts. The hematological analysis revealed that the OGP group ewes showed a slight increase in the mean corpuscular volume (p=0.2447), segmented cells (p=0.3375), and eosinophils (p=0.3823) when compared with the OGCH group ewes, without a statistical difference. Regarding the microorganisms detected in the oral cavity, there was a significant difference between the occurrence of periodontal pockets and the presence of Fusobacterium necrophorum (p=0.0328), Porphyromonas asaccharolytica (p=0.0392), and the Mollicutes class (p=0.0352). Staphylococcus genus (p=0.9107) and Archaea domain (p=0.7245) were detected in the amniotic samples of both groups, without a significant difference, whereas P. asaccharolytica (p=0.2685) was only detected in one sample in the OGCH group. The expression of cytokine IL-6 in the OGP group differed significantly between the prepartum and postpartum periods (p=0.0039); moreover, it differed significantly in the postpartum period between the OGCH and OGP groups (p=0.0198). Histological examination showed a higher percentage of placental changes in the OGP group (70%) than in the OGCH group, such as the presence of macrophages, neutrophils, plasma cells, and multifocal areas of calcification. These results do not corroborate the hypothesis of dissemination of oral microorganisms to the placental unit, suggesting that it constitutes placental isolation in sheep. ABSTRACT tissues health systemically miscarriage prematurity weight unit cavity 1 selected (PCR IL (IL count IL6, IL6 6, 6 IL1β, IL1β ILβ IL1 β, β IL1-β factorα factor α performed microscopy weighed CI=0.54, CI054 CI CI=0.54 , 0 54 CI=0.54) CI=0.34, CI034 CI=0.34 34 (CI=0.34) (CI=0.54 observed p=0.013 p0013 p 013 (p=0.013 p=0.04 p004 04 (p=0.04 counterparts p=0.2447, p02447 p=0.2447 2447 (p=0.2447) p=0.3375, p03375 p=0.3375 3375 (p=0.3375) p=0.3823 p03823 3823 (p=0.3823 p=0.0328, p00328 p=0.0328 0328 (p=0.0328) p=0.0392, p00392 p=0.0392 0392 (p=0.0392) p=0.0352. p00352 p=0.0352 . 0352 (p=0.0352) p=0.9107 p09107 9107 (p=0.9107 p=0.7245 p07245 7245 (p=0.7245 P p=0.2685 p02685 2685 (p=0.2685 IL- p=0.0039 p00039 0039 (p=0.0039) moreover p=0.0198. p00198 p=0.0198 0198 (p=0.0198) 70% 70 (70% macrophages neutrophils calcification sheep CI05 CI=0.5 5 CI03 CI=0.3 3 (CI=0.34 (CI=0.5 p=0.01 p001 01 (p=0.01 p=0.0 p00 (p=0.0 p0244 p=0.244 244 (p=0.2447 p0337 p=0.337 337 (p=0.3375 p=0.382 p0382 382 (p=0.382 p0032 p=0.032 032 (p=0.0328 p0039 p=0.039 039 (p=0.0392 p0035 p=0.035 035 (p=0.0352 p=0.910 p0910 910 (p=0.910 p=0.724 p0724 724 (p=0.724 p=0.268 p0268 268 (p=0.268 p=0.003 p0003 003 (p=0.0039 p0019 p=0.019 019 (p=0.0198 7 (70 CI0 CI=0. (CI=0.3 (CI=0. p=0. p0 (p=0. p024 p=0.24 24 (p=0.244 p033 p=0.33 33 (p=0.337 p=0.38 p038 38 (p=0.38 p003 p=0.03 03 (p=0.032 (p=0.039 (p=0.035 p=0.91 p091 91 (p=0.91 p=0.72 p072 72 (p=0.72 p=0.26 p026 26 (p=0.26 p=0.00 p000 00 (p=0.003 (p=0.019 (7 CI=0 (CI=0 p=0 (p=0 p02 p=0.2 2 (p=0.24 p03 p=0.3 (p=0.33 (p=0.3 (p=0.03 p=0.9 p09 9 (p=0.9 p=0.7 p07 (p=0.7 (p=0.2 (p=0.00 ( CI= (CI= p= (p= (CI (p

RESUMO: Gengivites são processos infecto-inflamatórios que geram quadros locais e sistêmicos, com comprometimento da capacidade mastigatória dos animais. A virginiamicina controla e previne a gengivite e a gengivite necrosante em bovinos; no entanto, a interação e efeito com diferentes elementos séricos e salivares permanecem desconhecidos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar, em um estudo longitudinal com duração de seis meses, os perfis hematológicos, metabólicos e de capacidade tamponante salivar de bezerros com gengivite e tratados com virginiamicina. Foram utilizados 10 bezerros divididos em dois grupos: grupo controle (n = 5) e grupo virginiamicina (n = 5). Os bezerros do grupo virginiamicina apresentaram menor ocorrência de gengivite (P < 0,01, teste T - Student). Os animais que desenvolveram gengivite, de ambos os grupos experimentais, apresentaram níveis salivares mais elevados de fosfatase alcalina (P = 0,01915) e níveis séricos menores de albumina (P = 0,0028). Observou-se também que os animais que receberam virginiamicina apresentaram níveis séricos mais elevados de magnésio (P = 0,008), albumina (P = 0,0008), ureia (P = 0,008), fosfatase alcalina (P = 0,008), proteínas totais (P = 0,008) e proteína plasmática (P = 0,018). As análises de capacidade tamponante salivar foram correlacionadas negativamente às variáveis salivares como cálcio, magnésio, albumina, proteína total e aspartato aminotransferase e às variáveis séricas como a albumina e aspartato aminotransferase. Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que a ocorrência em episódios das periodontopatias refletem-se em alterações locais e sistêmicas nos animais. Neste contexto, o monitoramento clínico periodontal também evidenciou os benefícios do emprego de suplementação pela virginiamicina sobre as condições gengivais e marcadores sistêmicos de saúde, além do controle das duas formas precursoras de periodontites. RESUMO infectoinflamatórios infecto inflamatórios bovinos entanto desconhecidos avaliar meses hematológicos 1 n 5 5. . P 001 0 01 0,01 Student. Student Student) experimentais 0,01915 001915 01915 0,0028. 00028 0,0028 0028 0,0028) Observouse Observou se 0,008, 0008 0,008 , 008 0,0008, 00008 0,0008 0,0008) 0,018. 0018 0,018 018 0,018) cálcio refletemse refletem contexto saúde periodontites 00 0,0 0,0191 00191 0191 0002 0,002 002 000 0,00 0000 0,000 0, 0,019 0019 019

ABSTRACT: Gingivitis is an infectious inflammatory process that generates local and systemic conditions, compromising the masticatory capacity of animals. Virginiamycin controls and prevents gingivitis and necrotizing gingivitis in cattle. However, the interaction and effect with different sera and salivary elements remain unknown. The present 6-month longitudinal study evaluated the hematological, metabolic, and salivary buffering capacity profiles of calves with gingivitis treated with virginiamycin. Ten calves were divided into two groups: control and virginiamycin (n = 5 each). Calves in the virginiamycin group had a lower occurrence of gingivitis (P < 0.01, Student’s t-test). The animals that developed gingivitis in both experimental groups had higher salivary levels of alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.01915) and lower serum levels of albumin (P = 0.0028). Additionally, animals receiving virginiamycin had higher serum levels of magnesium (P = 0.008), albumin (P = 0.0008), urea (P = 0.008), alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.008), total proteins (P = 0.008), and plasma protein (P = 0.018). Salivary buffering capacity was negatively correlated with salivary variables such as calcium, magnesium, albumin, total protein, and aspartate aminotransferase and serum variables such as albumin and aspartate aminotransferase. Results of the present study suggested that the occurrence of periodontopathies in episodes is reflected in the local and systemic alterations in animals. In this context, clinical periodontal monitoring also showed the benefits of virginiamycin supplementation on gingival conditions and systemic health markers, in addition to controlling the two precursor forms of periodontitis. ABSTRACT cattle However unknown 6month month 6 hematological metabolic n each. each . each) P 001 0 01 0.01 Students Student s ttest. ttest t test t-test) 0.01915 001915 01915 0.0028. 00028 0.0028 0028 0.0028) Additionally 0.008, 0008 0.008 , 008 0.008) 0.0008, 00008 0.0008 0.0008) 0.018. 0018 0.018 018 0.018) calcium context markers periodontitis 00 0.0 t-test 0.0191 00191 0191 0002 0.002 002 000 0.00 0000 0.000 0. 0.019 0019 019

Abstract Objective To evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients infected with HIV, and to compare with a paired sample without HIV infection. Methods This is a substudy of a Brazilian multicentric cohort that comprised two periods (2020 and 2021). Data was obtained through the retrospective review of medical records. Primary outcomes were admission to the intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation, and death. Patients with HIV and controls were matched for age, sex, number of comorbidities, and hospital of origin using the technique of propensity score matching (up to 4:1). They were compared using the Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact tests for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon for numerical variables. Results Throughout the study, 17,101 COVID-19 patients were hospitalized, and 130 (0.76%) of those were infected with HIV. The median age was 54 (IQR: 43.0;64.0) years in 2020 and 53 (IQR: 46.0;63.5) years in 2021, with a predominance of females in both periods. People Living with HIV (PLHIV) and their controls showed similar prevalence for admission to the ICU and invasive mechanical ventilation requirement in the two periods, with no significant differences. In 2020, in-hospital mortality was higher in the PLHIV compared to the controls (27.9% vs. 17.7%; p = 0.049), but there was no difference in mortality between groups in 2021 (25.0% vs. 25.1%; p > 0.999). Conclusions Our results reiterate that PLHIV were at higher risk of COVID-19 mortality in the early stages of the pandemic, however, this finding did not sustain in 2021, when the mortality rate is similar to the control group. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 infection (202 2021. . 2021) records unit death sex comorbidities up 41. 41 4 1 4:1) ChiSquare Chi Square Fishers Fisher s study 17101 17 101 17,10 hospitalized 13 0.76% 076 0 76 (0.76% 5 IQR (IQR 43.064.0 430640 43.0 64.0 43 64 43.0;64.0 202 46.063.5 460635 46.0 63.5 46 63 46.0;63.5 (PLHIV differences inhospital 27.9% 279 27 9 (27.9 vs 17.7% 177 7 0.049, 0049 0.049 , 049 0.049) 25.0% 250 25 (25.0 25.1% 251 0.999. 0999 0.999 999 0.999) pandemic however group COVID1 COVID- (20 4:1 1710 10 17,1 0.76 07 (0.76 064 43.064. 43064 430 43. 640 64. 6 43.0;64. 20 063 46.063. 46063 460 46. 635 63. 46.0;63. 27.9 2 (27. 17.7 004 0.04 04 25.0 (25. 25.1 099 0.99 99 (2 4: 171 17, 0.7 (0.7 06 43.064 4306 43.0;64 46.063 4606 46.0;63 27. (27 17. 00 0.0 25. (25 09 0.9 ( 0. (0. 43.06 43.0;6 46.06 46.0;6 (0 43.0; 46.0;