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1.
Review of the brachial plexus anatomy and its evaluation by imaging
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Abstract The brachial plexus is an important anatomical structure composed of roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and terminal branches. For the appropriate evaluation of its components, we must know its anatomical references; these allow us to locate the pathologies in the different imaging modalities. MRI is the imaging evaluation method of choice. We present the protocol used in our center. We can divide brachial plexus pathologies into two main categories: traumatic and non-traumatic. Traumatic pathology is the most common, in which there are findings to determine whether the lesion is preganglionic or postganglionic. Non-traumatic pathology includes post-radiation plexopathy, acute brachial neuritis, primary and secondary tumors, peripheral neuropathies, and thoracic outlet syndrome. In this review, we describe the main characteristics of these pathologies, with representative radiological cases.
Resumen El plexo braquial es una importante estructura anatómica compuesta por raíces, troncos, divisiones, cordones y ramas terminales. Para la adecuada evaluación de sus componentes debemos conocer sus referencias anatómicas, estas permiten localizar las patologías en las distintas modalidades de imagen. La resonancia magnética es el método de evaluación por imágenes de elección. Presentamos el protocolo usado en nuestro centro. Las patologías del plexo braquial podemos dividirlas en dos categorías principales: traumáticas y no traumáticas. La patología traumática es la más frecuente, en la que existen hallazgos para determinar si la lesión es preganglionar o posganglionar. Entre la patología no traumática está la plexopatía post-radiación, neuritis braquial aguda, tumores primarios y secundarios, neuropatías periféricas y síndrome del outlet torácico. En esta revisión describimos las principales características de estas patologías, con casos radiológicos representativos.
2.
Propuesta de estrategias terapéuticas combinadas para KRAS en cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas a partir de análisis in silico
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Chapilliquen Ramírez, Daniela
; Faya Castillo, Juan
; Zapata Dongo, Richard
; Moy Díaz, Brenda
; Infante Varillas, Stefany
.
ABSTRACT Objective: Patients with non-small cell lung cancer positive for the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK+) gene mutation who also have mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) gene, such as KRAS G12C, are showing resistance to both anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene and KRAS inhibitors. Therefore, the interaction between ALK inhibitors and KRAS was analyzed to suggest a synergy between them. Materials and methods: The study performed homology modeling of the KRASwt, KRAS G12C and ALKwt structures. Subsequently, molecular dockings were carried out to determine the binding energy of ALK and KRAS inhibitors and to evaluate the possible interaction of ALK inhibitors with KRAS and the KRAS G12C structure. Finally, the expression in the RAS/MEK pathway was analyzed using the Western Blot technique. Results: The binding energy values show the potential interaction of ALKwt inhibitors, such as crizotinib and alectinib, with the KRASwt and KRAS G12C structures. The binding of crizotinib to KRASwt and KRAS G12C, respectively, indicates interaction energy values (42.77 kcal/mol and 46.20 kcal/mol) which are very similar to those obtained between crizotinib and ALK (42.37 kcal/mol). In turn, alectinib bound to the same site as drugs targeting KRAS and KRAS G12C, and showed interaction energy values (51.74 kcal/mol and 54.69 kcal/mol, respectively) higher than those obtained with ALK (44.94 kcal/mol). Finally, a significant decrease in RAS expression within the RAS/MEK pathway was observed in ALK+ and ALK 1196M lung cancer cell lines treated with crizotinib and alectinib. Conclusions: In silico techniques of this study demonstrate the potential binding of ALK inhibitors (crizotinib and alectinib) to the KRAS structure. In addition, this allows suggesting a possible combined therapy between KRAS and ALK inhibitors for cases of coexistence of both mutations that can be assessed in subsequent trials with cell lines.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Los pacientes con cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas positivas a la mutación del gen linfoma anaplásico quinasa (ALK+) que, además, presentan mutaciones en el gen Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS), como KRASG12C, están mostrando resistencia tanto a inhibidores del gen linfoma anaplásico quinasa (ALK) como de KRAS. Por ello, se analizó la interacción de los inhibidores de ALK con KRAS, para sugerir una sinergia entre ambos. Materiales y métodos: En el estudio se realizó un modelado por homología de las estructuras KRASwt, KRASG12C y ALKwt. Posteriormente, se realizaron acoplamientos moleculares para determinar la energía de unión de los inhibidores de ALK y de KRAS, y evaluar la posible interacción entre los inhibidores de ALK con KRAS y la estructura KRASG12C. Finalmente, se analizó la expresión en la vía de proliferación celular de las proteínas rat sarcoma/quinasa regulada por señales extracelulares (vía RAS/MEK) mediante la técnica de Western blot. Resultados: Los valores de energía de unión muestran la posibilidad de interacción de los inhibidores de ALKwt, como crizotinib y alectinib, con las estructuras de KRASwt y KRASG12C. Los acoplamientos entre crizotinib con KRASwt y KRASG12C, respectivamente, muestran valores de energía de interacción (42,77 kcal/mol y 46,20 kcal/mol) muy similares a los obtenidos entre crizotinib y ALK (42,37 kcal/mol). A su vez, alectinib se acopló en el mismo sitio que los fármacos específicos de KRAS y KRASG12C, y presentaron valores de energía de interacción (51,74 kcal/mol y 54,69 kcal/mol, respectivamente) superiores a los obtenidos con ALK (44,94 kcal/mol). Finalmente, la expresión de la vía RAS/MEK nos mostró una disminución significativa de la expresión de RAS en líneas celulares de cáncer de pulmón ALK+ y ALKL1196M tratadas con crizotinib y alectinib. Conclusiones: Las técnicas in silico de este estudio muestran la posibilidad de acoplamiento entre los inhibidores de ALK (crizotinib y alectinib) con la estructura de KRAS. Esto permite sugerir una posible terapia combinada entre inhibidores de KRAS y ALK para los casos de coexistencia de ambas mutaciones, que puede evaluarse en posteriores ensayos con líneas celulares.
3.
Determinantes de la alfabetización financiera de los empleadores en México
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Resumen El objetivo de la investigación fue medir el índice de alfabetización financiera (IAF) de los empleadores y determinar los factores que lo influyen con base en datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Inclusión Financiera 2021. En dicha medición, se utilizó la metodología de la OECD (2015), adaptada por la CNBV (2019). Para analizar los factores determinantes se utilizó un modelo lineal generalizado con muestras complejas mediante el software SPSS (versión 26). Las personas con actividad empresarial, obtuvieron un índice de 63.6, en escala de 0 a 100, 5 puntos por arriba de la población general en México (58.6). Las variables, sexo, escolaridad, acceso a educación financiera y confianza en el sistema, resultaron significativas. Se recomienda en futuros estudios indagar si existen diferencias entre empleadores por tamaño de empresa. La originalidad, reside en haber utilizado una muestra representativa a nivel nacional con empleadores como población objetivo. La educación financiera debería atender, especialmente, a los empleadores más jóvenes, con menor nivel educativo y sin acceso a información financiera para mejorar su comportamiento de acuerdo al análisis de regresión.
Abstrtact The objective of the research was to measure the financial literacy index (FAI) of the participants and determine the factors that influence it based on data from the 2021 National Financial Inclusion Survey. To measure the index, the OECD methodology was used (2015) and adapted by the CNBV (2019). To analyze the determining factors, a generalized linear model was used with complex samples using SPSS version 26 software. People with business activity obtained an index of 63.6 on a scale from 0 to 100, 5 points above the general population in Mexico (58.6). The variables sex, education, access to financial education and trust in the system were significant. It is recommended in future studies to report whether there are differences between obstacles by company size. The originality lies in having used a nationally representative sample with advantages as a target population. Financial education should especially serve the youngest, with a lower educational level and without access to financial information to improve their behavior according to the regression analysis.
4.
Begonias comestibles de Santiago Ecatlán, municipio de Jonotla, Puebla, México
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Cedillo Portugal, Ernestina
; Guerra-Ramírez, Diana
; Cunill-Flores, José María
; Santiago-Gómez, Jesús Ricardo de
; González-Castillo, Daniela
; Díaz-Barrios, Paola
.
Abstract In the community of Santiago Ecatlán, Jonotla, Puebla, located in a cultural region inhabited by Totonacos, the residents take advantage of various plant species with different uses. Among the edible species, some of the Begonia genus (Begoniaceae) stand out, valued mainly for their cultural importance. The petioles of these begonias are consumed as "quelites" and are appreciated both for their flavor and for the economic income they generate through their sale. Factors such as cultural erosion, climate change, the exchange of species between communities from different states, in addition to advances in taxonomic studies, can modify the existing information from previous works about plants. Therefore, the objective of this work was to update the information on edible begonias, their propagation and form of consumption in the community of Ecatlán, through an ethnobotanical study. The information was collected through participant observation, open and semi-structured interviews, and the collection of botanical samples. The following species were identified: Begonia thiemei and B. manicata as the most used, B. heracleifolia with two variants, a probable hybrid between B. heracleifolia and B. manicata, which had possibly been reported by other authors as B. barkeri or B. aff. barkeri and another identified only to the genus, whose morphological characteristics suggest that it could be a new species for science. Regarding the species mentioned by other authors as edible in the area, there was agreement on the use of Begonia heracleifolia, B. manicata and the probable hybrid mentioned above. However, no evidence was found of the presence and/or use of B. fusca, B. incarnata and B. glabra, reported in previous works. Finally, it was recorded that B. nelumbonifolia is not appreciated as food by the local inhabitants. The identified species were found in family gardens, coffee plantations, "ranches" and along roads. Based on the information collected, it was found that the propagation of begonias is carried out in two ways: 1) through the rhizomes and 2) in the case of B. thiemei, by cutting the mature leaf, approximately 2 -3 cm below the leaf blade, and its subsequent planting in soil. These species are available throughout the year, and the preparation of the traditional dish includes various ingredients, including species from the Apiaceae and Piperaceae families.
Resumen En la comunidad de Santiago Ecatlán, Jonotla, Puebla, ubicada en una región cultural habitada por totonacos, los pobladores aprovechan diversas especies vegetales con distintos usos. Entre las especies comestibles, destacan algunas del género Begonia (Begoniaceae), valoradas principalmente por su importancia cultural. Los peciolos de estas begonias se consumen como "quelites" y son apreciados tanto por su sabor como por los ingresos económicos que generan a través de su venta. Factores como la erosión cultural, el cambio climático, el intercambio de especies entre comunidades de diferentes estados, además de los avances en los estudios taxonómicos, pueden modificar la información existente de trabajos anteriores acerca de las plantas. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo fue actualizar la información sobre las begonias comestibles, su propagación y forma de consumo en la comunidad de Ecatlán, a través de un estudio etnobotánico. La información se recopiló mediante la observación participante, entrevistas abiertas y semiestructuradas y la recolección de muestras botánicas. Se identificaron las siguientes especies: Begonia thiemei y B. manicata como las más utilizadas, B. heracleifolia con dos variantes, un probable híbrido entre B. heracleifolia y B. manicata, que posiblemente había sido reportado por otros autores como B. barkeri o B. aff. barkeri y otra identificada solamente a género, cuyas características morfológicas hacen suponer que podría ser una especie nueva para la ciencia. En cuanto a las especies mencionadas por otros autores como comestibles en la zona, se coincidió en el uso de Begonia heracleifolia, B. manicata y el probable híbrido mencionado anteriormente. Sin embargo, no se encontraron indicios de la presencia y/o uso de B. fusca, B. incarnata y B. glabra, reportadas en trabajos anteriores. Por último, se registró que B. nelumbonifolia no es apreciada como alimento por los habitantes de la localidad. Las especies identificadas se encontraron en huertos familiares, cafetales, "ranchos" y a lo largo de los caminos. Con base en la información recopilada se encontró que la propagación de las begonias se lleva a cabo de dos formas: 1) a través de los rizomas y 2) en el caso de B. thiemei, mediante el corte de la hoja madura, aproximadamente 2-3 cm por debajo de la lámina foliar, y su posterior plantación en tierra. Estas especies están disponibles durante todo el año, y la preparación del platillo tradicional incluye diversos ingredientes, entre ellos, especies de las familias Apiaceae y Piperaceae.
5.
Utilization of dapsone and hemoglobin in the epithelial skin regeneration therapy of cutaneous loxoscelism: A case report and integrative literature review loxoscelism
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Azuara-Antonio, Omar
; Isidoro Ortiz, Mario
; Jiménez-Oliver, Karla Daniela
; Castillo-Cabrera, Marco
; Méndez-Salinas, Ana Karen
; Hernández-Ramírez, Luz
.
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Loxosceles spp are arthropods found worldwide. Its bite may produce cutaneous loxoscelism (necrotic or edematous) or cutaneous-visceral loxoscelism. Depending on their severity and location, cutaneous forms are managed with local cold application and systemic administration of antihistamines, corticosteroids, antibiotics, polymorphonuclear inhibitors, and analgesics. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to report a case of cutaneous loxoscelism and to identify the main dermatological manifestations associated with the Loxosceles spp bite. DESIGN AND SETTING: This case report and literature review was conducted in a Mexican university. METHODS: A detailed report on the medical management of a patient with cutaneous loxoscelism treated at the emergency department of a public hospital was published. Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify articles reporting cutaneous loxoscelism. The following keywords were used during the database search: “loxoscelism” OR “spider bite,” OR “loxosceles” OR “loxosceles species” OR “loxosceles venom” OR “loxoscelism case report” AND “cutaneous” OR “dermonecrotic arachnidism.” RESULTS: A 62-year-old female patient with cutaneous loxoscelism was treated with systemic dapsone and local heparin spray. Eighteen studies with 22 clinical cases were included in this systematic review. Of the 22 patients, 12 (54.5%) were men. L. rufescens was the predominant spider species. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of dapsone and heparin for the management of cutaneous loxoscelism demonstrated success in this case, with no sequelae observed. In general, the literature review indicated favorable outcomes in patients treated with antimicrobials and corticosteroids, with continuous healing of skin lesions. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO ID CRD42023422424 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023422424). BACKGROUND worldwide necrotic edematous cutaneousvisceral visceral location antihistamines corticosteroids antibiotics inhibitors analgesics OBJECTIVE SETTING university METHODS published Scopus PubMed Science search bite, loxosceles species venom “cutaneous dermonecrotic arachnidism. arachnidism RESULTS 62yearold yearold 62 year old spray 2 1 54.5% 545 54 5 (54.5% men L CONCLUSIONS observed general lesions REGISTRATION CRD CRD4202342242 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD42023422424. httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphpIDCRD42023422424 httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphpIDCRD https //www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php ID=CRD42023422424 . www crd york ac uk prospero display record php (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023422424) 6 54.5 (54.5 CRD420234224 phpID https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD42023422424 httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphpIDCRD4202342242 wwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphp IDCRD42023422424 IDCRD ID=CRD4202342242 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023422424 54. (54. CRD42023422 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD4202342242 httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphpIDCRD420234224 IDCRD4202342242 ID=CRD420234224 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD4202342242 (54 CRD4202342 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD420234224 httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphpIDCRD42023422 IDCRD420234224 ID=CRD42023422 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD420234224 (5 CRD420234 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD42023422 httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphpIDCRD4202342 IDCRD42023422 ID=CRD4202342 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023422 ( CRD42023 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD4202342 httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphpIDCRD420234 IDCRD4202342 ID=CRD420234 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD4202342 CRD4202 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD420234 httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphpIDCRD42023 IDCRD420234 ID=CRD42023 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD420234 CRD420 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD42023 httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphpIDCRD4202 IDCRD42023 ID=CRD4202 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023 CRD42 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD4202 httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphpIDCRD420 IDCRD4202 ID=CRD420 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD4202 CRD4 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD420 httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphpIDCRD42 IDCRD420 ID=CRD42 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD420 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD42 httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphpIDCRD4 IDCRD42 ID=CRD4 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD4 IDCRD4 ID=CRD (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD4 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.phpID=CRD (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD
6.
Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: Setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil Brasil
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Boeger, Walter A.
; Valim, Michel P.
; Zaher, Hussam
; Rafael, José A.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Percequillo, Alexandre R.
; Serejo, Cristiana S.
; Garraffoni, André R.S.
; Santos, Adalberto J.
; Slipinski, Adam
; Linzmeier, Adelita M.
; Calor, Adolfo R.
; Garda, Adrian A.
; Kury, Adriano B.
; Fernandes, Agatha C.S.
; Agudo-Padrón, Aisur I.
; Akama, Alberto
; Silva Neto, Alberto M. da
; Burbano, Alejandro L.
; Menezes, Aleksandra
; Pereira-Colavite, Alessandre
; Anichtchenko, Alexander
; Lees, Alexander C.
; Bezerra, Alexandra M.R.
; Domahovski, Alexandre C.
; Pimenta, Alexandre D.
; Aleixo, Alexandre L.P.
; Marceniuk, Alexandre P.
; Paula, Alexandre S. de
; Somavilla, Alexandre
; Specht, Alexandre
; Camargo, Alexssandro
; Newton, Alfred F.
; Silva, Aline A.S. da
; Santos, Aline B. dos
; Tassi, Aline D.
; Aragão, Allan C.
; Santos, Allan P.M.
; Migotto, Alvaro E.
; Mendes, Amanda C.
; Cunha, Amanda
; Chagas Júnior, Amazonas
; Sousa, Ana A.T. de
; Pavan, Ana C.
; Almeida, Ana C.S.
; Peronti, Ana L.B.G.
; Henriques-Oliveira, Ana L.
; Prudente, Ana L.
; Tourinho, Ana L.
; Pes, Ana M.O.
; Carmignotto, Ana P.
; Wengrat, Ana P.G. da Silva
; Dornellas, Ana P.S.
; Molin, Anamaria Dal
; Puker, Anderson
; Morandini, André C.
; Ferreira, André da S.
; Martins, André L.
; Esteves, André M.
; Fernandes, André S.
; Roza, André S.
; Köhler, Andreas
; Paladini, Andressa
; Andrade, Andrey J. de
; Pinto, Ângelo P.
; Salles, Anna C. de A.
; Gondim, Anne I.
; Amaral, Antonia C.Z.
; Rondón, Antonio A.A.
; Brescovit, Antonio
; Lofego, Antônio C.
; Marques, Antonio C.
; Macedo, Antonio
; Andriolo, Artur
; Henriques, Augusto L.
; Ferreira Júnior, Augusto L.
; Lima, Aurino F. de
; Barros, Ávyla R. de A.
; Brito, Ayrton do R.
; Romera, Bárbara L.V.
; Vasconcelos, Beatriz M.C. de
; Frable, Benjamin W.
; Santos, Bernardo F.
; Ferraz, Bernardo R.
; Rosa, Brunno B.
; Sampaio, Brunno H.L.
; Bellini, Bruno C.
; Clarkson, Bruno
; Oliveira, Bruno G. de
; Corrêa, Caio C.D.
; Martins, Caleb C.
; Castro-Guedes, Camila F. de
; Souto, Camilla
; Bicho, Carla de L.
; Cunha, Carlo M.
; Barboza, Carlos A. de M.
; Lucena, Carlos A.S. de
; Barreto, Carlos
; Santana, Carlos D.C.M. de
; Agne, Carlos E.Q.
; Mielke, Carlos G.C.
; Caetano, Carlos H.S.
; Flechtmann, Carlos H.W.
; Lamas, Carlos J.E.
; Rocha, Carlos
; Mascarenhas, Carolina S.
; Margaría, Cecilia B.
; Waichert, Cecilia
; Digiani, Celina
; Haddad, Célio F.B.
; Azevedo, Celso O.
; Benetti, Cesar J.
; Santos, Charles M.D. dos
; Bartlett, Charles R.
; Bonvicino, Cibele
; Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S.
; Santos, Cinthya S.G.
; Justino, Cíntia E.L.
; Canedo, Clarissa
; Bonecker, Claudia C.
; Santos, Cláudia P.
; Carvalho, Claudio J.B. de
; Gonçalves, Clayton C.
; Galvão, Cleber
; Costa, Cleide
; Oliveira, Cléo D.C. de
; Schwertner, Cristiano F.
; Andrade, Cristiano L.
; Pereira, Cristiano M.
; Sampaio, Cristiano
; Dias, Cristina de O.
; Lucena, Daercio A. de A.
; Manfio, Daiara
; Amorim, Dalton de S.
; Queiroz, Dalva L. de
; Queiroz, Dalva L. de
; Colpani, Daniara
; Abbate, Daniel
; Aquino, Daniel A.
; Burckhardt, Daniel
; Cavallari, Daniel C.
; Prado, Daniel de C. Schelesky
; Praciano, Daniel L.
; Basílio, Daniel S.
; Bená, Daniela de C.
; Toledo, Daniela G.P. de
; Takiya, Daniela M.
; Fernandes, Daniell R.R.
; Ament, Danilo C.
; Cordeiro, Danilo P.
; Silva, Darliane E.
; Pollock, Darren A.
; Muniz, David B.
; Gibson, David I.
; Nogueira, David S.
; Marques, Dayse W.A.
; Lucatelli, Débora
; Garcia, Deivys M.A.
; Baêta, Délio
; Ferreira, Denise N.M.
; Rueda-Ramírez, Diana
; Fachin, Diego A.
; Souza, Diego de S.
; Rodrigues, Diego F.
; Pádua, Diego G. de
; Barbosa, Diego N.
; Dolibaina, Diego R.
; Amaral, Diogo C.
; Chandler, Donald S.
; Maccagnan, Douglas H.B.
; Caron, Edilson
; Carvalho, Edrielly
; Adriano, Edson A.
; Abreu Júnior, Edson F. de
; Pereira, Edson H.L.
; Viegas, Eduarda F.G.
; Carneiro, Eduardo
; Colley, Eduardo
; Eizirik, Eduardo
; Santos, Eduardo F. dos
; Shimbori, Eduardo M.
; Suárez-Morales, Eduardo
; Arruda, Eliane P. de
; Chiquito, Elisandra A.
; Lima, Élison F.B.
; Castro, Elizeu B. de
; Orlandin, Elton
; Nascimento, Elynton A. do
; Razzolini, Emanuel
; Gama, Emanuel R.R.
; Araujo, Enilma M. de
; Nishiyama, Eric Y.
; Spiessberger, Erich L.
; Santos, Érika C.L. dos
; Contreras, Eugenia F.
; Galati, Eunice A.B.
; Oliveira Junior, Evaldo C. de
; Gallardo, Fabiana
; Hernandes, Fabio A.
; Lansac-Tôha, Fábio A.
; Pitombo, Fabio B.
; Dario, Fabio Di
; Santos, Fábio L. dos
; Mauro, Fabio
; Nascimento, Fabio O. do
; Olmos, Fabio
; Amaral, Fabio R.
; Schunck, Fabio
; Godoi, Fábio S. P. de
; Machado, Fabrizio M.
; Barbo, Fausto E.
; Agrain, Federico A.
; Ribeiro, Felipe B.
; Moreira, Felipe F.F.
; Barbosa, Felipe F.
; Silva, Fenanda S.
; Cavalcanti, Fernanda F.
; Straube, Fernando C.
; Carbayo, Fernando
; Carvalho Filho, Fernando
; Zanella, Fernando C.V.
; Jacinavicius, Fernando de C.
; Farache, Fernando H.A.
; Leivas, Fernando
; Dias, Fernando M.S.
; Mantellato, Fernando
; Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z.
; Gudin, Filipe M.
; Albuquerque, Flávio
; Molina, Flavio B.
; Passos, Flávio D.
; Shockley, Floyd W.
; Pinheiro, Francielly F.
; Mello, Francisco de A.G. de
; Nascimento, Francisco E. de L.
; Franco, Francisco L.
; Oliveira, Francisco L. de
; Melo, Francisco T. de V.
; Quijano, Freddy R.B.
; Salles, Frederico F.
; Biffi, Gabriel
; Queiroz, Gabriel C.
; Bizarro, Gabriel L.
; Hrycyna, Gabriela
; Leviski, Gabriela
; Powell, Gareth S.
; Santos, Geane B. dos
; Morse, Geoffrey E.
; Brown, George
; Mattox, George M.T.
; Zimbrão, Geraldo
; Carvalho, Gervásio S.
; Miranda, Gil F.G.
; Moraes, Gilberto J. de
; Lourido, Gilcélia M.
; Neves, Gilmar P.
; Moreira, Gilson R.P.
; Montingelli, Giovanna G.
; Maurício, Giovanni N.
; Marconato, Gláucia
; Lopez, Guilherme E.L.
; Silva, Guilherme L. da
; Muricy, Guilherme
; Brito, Guilherme R.R.
; Garbino, Guilherme S.T.
; Flores, Gustavo E.
; Graciolli, Gustavo
; Libardi, Gustavo S.
; Proctor, Heather C.
; Gil-Santana, Helcio R.
; Varella, Henrique R.
; Escalona, Hermes E.
; Schmitz, Hermes J.
; Rodrigues, Higor D.D.
; Galvão Filho, Hilton de C.
; Quintino, Hingrid Y.S.
; Pinto, Hudson A.
; Rainho, Hugo L.
; Miyahira, Igor C.
; Gonçalves, Igor de S.
; Martins, Inês X.
; Cardoso, Irene A.
; Oliveira, Ismael B. de
; Franz, Ismael
; Fernandes, Itanna O.
; Golfetti, Ivan F.
; S. Campos-Filho, Ivanklin
; Oliveira, Ivo de S.
; Delabie, Jacques H.C.
; Oliveira, Jader de
; Prando, Jadila S.
; Patton, James L.
; Bitencourt, Jamille de A.
; Silva, Janaina M.
; Santos, Jandir C.
; Arruda, Janine O.
; Valderrama, Jefferson S.
; Dalapicolla, Jeronymo
; Oliveira, Jéssica P.
; Hájek, Jiri
; Morselli, João P.
; Narita, João P.
; Martin, João P.I.
; Grazia, Jocélia
; McHugh, Joe
; Cherem, Jorge J.
; Farias Júnior, José A.S.
; Fernandes, Jose A.M.
; Pacheco, José F.
; Birindelli, José L.O.
; Rezende, José M.
; Avendaño, Jose M.
; Duarte, José M. Barbanti
; Ribeiro, José R. Inácio
; Mermudes, José R.M.
; Pujol-Luz, José R.
; Santos, Josenilson R. dos
; Câmara, Josenir T.
; Teixeira, Joyce A.
; Prado, Joyce R. do
; Botero, Juan P.
; Almeida, Julia C.
; Kohler, Julia
; Gonçalves, Julia P.
; Beneti, Julia S.
; Donahue, Julian P.
; Alvim, Juliana
; Almeida, Juliana C.
; Segadilha, Juliana L.
; Wingert, Juliana M.
; Barbosa, Julianna F.
; Ferrer, Juliano
; Santos, Juliano F. dos
; Kuabara, Kamila M.D.
; Nascimento, Karine B.
; Schoeninger, Karine
; Campião, Karla M.
; Soares, Karla
; Zilch, Kássia
; Barão, Kim R.
; Teixeira, Larissa
; Sousa, Laura D. do N.M. de
; Dumas, Leandro L.
; Vieira, Leandro M.
; Azevedo, Leonardo H.G.
; Carvalho, Leonardo S.
; Souza, Leonardo S. de
; Rocha, Leonardo S.G.
; Bernardi, Leopoldo F.O.
; Vieira, Letícia M.
; Johann, Liana
; Salvatierra, Lidianne
; Oliveira, Livia de M.
; Loureiro, Lourdes M.A. El-moor
; Barreto, Luana B.
; Barros, Luana M.
; Lecci, Lucas
; Camargos, Lucas M. de
; Lima, Lucas R.C.
; Almeida, Lucia M.
; Martins, Luciana R.
; Marinoni, Luciane
; Moura, Luciano de A.
; Lima, Luciano
; Naka, Luciano N.
; Miranda, Lucília S.
; Salik, Lucy M.
; Bezerra, Luis E.A.
; Silveira, Luis F.
; Campos, Luiz A.
; Castro, Luiz A.S. de
; Pinho, Luiz C.
; Silveira, Luiz F.L.
; Iniesta, Luiz F.M.
; Tencatt, Luiz F.C.
; Simone, Luiz R.L.
; Malabarba, Luiz R.
; Cruz, Luiza S. da
; Sekerka, Lukas
; Barros, Lurdiana D.
; Santos, Luziany Q.
; Skoracki, Maciej
; Correia, Maira A.
; Uchoa, Manoel A.
; Andrade, Manuella F.G.
; Hermes, Marcel G.
; Miranda, Marcel S.
; Araújo, Marcel S. de
; Monné, Marcela L.
; Labruna, Marcelo B.
; Santis, Marcelo D. de
; Duarte, Marcelo
; Knoff, Marcelo
; Nogueira, Marcelo
; Britto, Marcelo R. de
; Melo, Marcelo R.S. de
; Carvalho, Marcelo R. de
; Tavares, Marcelo T.
; Kitahara, Marcelo V.
; Justo, Marcia C.N.
; Botelho, Marcia J.C.
; Couri, Márcia S.
; Borges-Martins, Márcio
; Felix, Márcio
; Oliveira, Marcio L. de
; Bologna, Marco A.
; Gottschalk, Marco S.
; Tavares, Marcos D.S.
; Lhano, Marcos G.
; Bevilaqua, Marcus
; Santos, Marcus T.T.
; Domingues, Marcus V.
; Sallum, Maria A.M.
; Digiani, María C.
; Santarém, Maria C.A.
; Nascimento, Maria C. do
; Becerril, María de los A.M.
; Santos, Maria E.A. dos
; Passos, Maria I. da S. dos
; Felippe-Bauer, Maria L.
; Cherman, Mariana A.
; Terossi, Mariana
; Bartz, Marie L.C.
; Barbosa, Marina F. de C.
; Loeb, Marina V.
; Cohn-Haft, Mario
; Cupello, Mario
; Martins, Marlúcia B.
; Christofersen, Martin L.
; Bento, Matheus
; Rocha, Matheus dos S.
; Martins, Maurício L.
; Segura, Melissa O.
; Cardenas, Melissa Q.
; Duarte, Mércia E.
; Ivie, Michael A.
; Mincarone, Michael M.
; Borges, Michela
; Monné, Miguel A.
; Casagrande, Mirna M.
; Fernandez, Monica A.
; Piovesan, Mônica
; Menezes, Naércio A.
; Benaim, Natalia P.
; Reategui, Natália S.
; Pedro, Natan C.
; Pecly, Nathalia H.
; Ferreira Júnior, Nelson
; Silva Júnior, Nelson J. da
; Perioto, Nelson W.
; Hamada, Neusa
; Degallier, Nicolas
; Chao, Ning L.
; Ferla, Noeli J.
; Mielke, Olaf H.H.
; Evangelista, Olivia
; Shibatta, Oscar A.
; Oliveira, Otto M.P.
; Albornoz, Pablo C.L.
; Dellapé, Pablo M.
; Gonçalves, Pablo R.
; Shimabukuro, Paloma H.F.
; Grossi, Paschoal
; Rodrigues, Patrícia E. da S.
; Lima, Patricia O.V.
; Velazco, Paul
; Santos, Paula B. dos
; Araújo, Paula B.
; Silva, Paula K.R.
; Riccardi, Paula R.
; Garcia, Paulo C. de A.
; Passos, Paulo G.H.
; Corgosinho, Paulo H.C.
; Lucinda, Paulo
; Costa, Paulo M.S.
; Alves, Paulo P.
; Roth, Paulo R. de O.
; Coelho, Paulo R.S.
; Duarte, Paulo R.M.
; Carvalho, Pedro F. de
; Gnaspini, Pedro
; Souza-Dias, Pedro G.B.
; Linardi, Pedro M.
; Bartholomay, Pedro R.
; Demite, Peterson R.
; Bulirsch, Petr
; Boll, Piter K.
; Pereira, Rachel M.M.
; Silva, Rafael A.P.F.
; Moura, Rafael B. de
; Boldrini, Rafael
; Silva, Rafaela A. da
; Falaschi, Rafaela L.
; Cordeiro, Ralf T.S.
; Mello, Ramon J.C.L.
; Singer, Randal A.
; Querino, Ranyse B.
; Heleodoro, Raphael A.
; Castilho, Raphael de C.
; Constantino, Reginaldo
; Guedes, Reinaldo C.
; Carrenho, Renan
; Gomes, Renata S.
; Gregorin, Renato
; Machado, Renato J.P.
; Bérnils, Renato S.
; Capellari, Renato S.
; Silva, Ricardo B.
; Kawada, Ricardo
; Dias, Ricardo M.
; Siewert, Ricardo
; Brugnera, Ricaro
; Leschen, Richard A.B.
; Constantin, Robert
; Robbins, Robert
; Pinto, Roberta R.
; Reis, Roberto E. dos
; Ramos, Robson T. da C.
; Cavichioli, Rodney R.
; Barros, Rodolfo C. de
; Caires, Rodrigo A.
; Salvador, Rodrigo B.
; Marques, Rodrigo C.
; Araújo, Rodrigo C.
; Araujo, Rodrigo de O.
; Dios, Rodrigo de V.P.
; Johnsson, Rodrigo
; Feitosa, Rodrigo M.
; Hutchings, Roger W.
; Lara, Rogéria I.R.
; Rossi, Rogério V.
; Gerstmeier, Roland
; Ochoa, Ronald
; Hutchings, Rosa S.G.
; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly
; Rocha, Rosana M. da
; Tidon, Rosana
; Brito, Rosangela
; Pellens, Roseli
; Santos, Sabrina R. dos
; Santos, Sandra D. dos
; Paiva, Sandra V.
; Santos, Sandro
; Oliveira, Sarah S. de
; Costa, Sávio C.
; Gardner, Scott L.
; Leal, Sebastián A. Muñoz
; Aloquio, Sergio
; Bonecker, Sergio L.C.
; Bueno, Sergio L. de S.
; Almeida, Sérgio M. de
; Stampar, Sérgio N.
; Andena, Sérgio R.
; Posso, Sergio R.
; Lima, Sheila P.
; Gadelha, Sian de S.
; Thiengo, Silvana C.
; Cohen, Simone C.
; Brandão, Simone N.
; Rosa, Simone P.
; Ribeiro, Síria L.B.
; Letana, Sócrates D.
; Santos, Sonia B. dos
; Andrade, Sonia C.S.
; Dávila, Stephane
; Vaz, Stéphanie
; Peck, Stewart B.
; Christo, Susete W.
; Cunha, Suzan B.Z.
; Gomes, Suzete R.
; Duarte, Tácio
; Madeira-Ott, Taís
; Marques, Taísa
; Roell, Talita
; Lima, Tarcilla C. de
; Sepulveda, Tatiana A.
; Maria, Tatiana F.
; Ruschel, Tatiana P.
; Rodrigues, Thaiana
; Marinho, Thais A.
; Almeida, Thaís M. de
; Miranda, Thaís P.
; Freitas, Thales R.O.
; Pereira, Thalles P.L.
; Zacca, Thamara
; Pacheco, Thaynara L.
; Martins, Thiago F.
; Alvarenga, Thiago M.
; Carvalho, Thiago R. de
; Polizei, Thiago T.S.
; McElrath, Thomas C.
; Henry, Thomas
; Pikart, Tiago G.
; Porto, Tiago J.
; Krolow, Tiago K.
; Carvalho, Tiago P.
; Lotufo, Tito M. da C.
; Caramaschi, Ulisses
; Pinheiro, Ulisses dos S.
; Pardiñas, Ulyses F.J.
; Maia, Valéria C.
; Tavares, Valeria
; Costa, Valmir A.
; Amaral, Vanessa S. do
; Silva, Vera C.
; Wolff, Vera R. dos S.
; Slobodian, Verônica
; Silva, Vinícius B. da
; Espíndola, Vinicius C.
; Costa-Silva, Vinicius da
; Bertaco, Vinicius de A.
; Padula, Vinícius
; Ferreira, Vinicius S.
; Silva, Vitor C.P. da
; Piacentini, Vítor de Q.
; Sandoval-Gómez, Vivian E.
; Trevine, Vivian
; Sousa, Viviane R.
; Sant’Anna, Vivianne B. de
; Mathis, Wayne N.
; Souza, Wesley de O.
; Colombo, Wesley D.
; Tomaszewska, Wioletta
; Wosiacki, Wolmar B.
; Ovando, Ximena M.C.
; Leite, Yuri L.R.
.
ABSTRACT The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others. publications problem uptodate up date classifications context exception (CTFB http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br/, httpfaunajbrjgovbr http //fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ , jbrj gov br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/) 2015 Brazil 80 specialists 1 2024 133691 133 691 133,69 125138 125 138 125,13 82.3%, 823 82 3 (82.3% 102000 102 000 102,00 7.69%, 769 7 69 (7.69% 11000 11 11,00 . 3,567 3567 567 (3,56 2,292 2292 2 292 (2,29 1,833 1833 833 (1,83 1,447 1447 447 (1,44 1000 1,00 831 (83 628 (62 606 (60 520 (52 50 users science health biology law anthropology education others http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ faunajbrjgovbr //fauna.jbrj.gov.br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ 201 8 202 13369 13 133,6 12513 12 125,1 82.3% (82.3 10200 10 00 102,0 7.69% 76 6 (7.69 1100 11,0 3,56 356 56 (3,5 2,29 229 29 (2,2 1,83 183 83 (1,8 1,44 144 44 (1,4 100 1,0 (8 62 (6 60 52 (5 5 http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br 20 1336 133, 1251 125, 82.3 (82. 1020 0 102, 7.69 (7.6 110 11, 3,5 35 (3, 2,2 22 (2, 1,8 18 (1, 1,4 14 4 ( 82. (82 7.6 (7. 3, (3 2, (2 (1 7. (7
7.
Cribado cardiológico en recién nacidos en un hospital privado de la Ciudad de México; resultados a cinco años de iniciado
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López Reyes, Daniela
; Silva Ramírez, Horacio
; Bernárdez Zapata, Isabel
; Rendón Macías, Mario E
; Aburto Monzalvo, Hugo
.
Abstract: Introduction: congenital heart diseases are the second leading cause of mortality in the first year of life in Mexico, prompting their mandatory implementation of all newborns in 2019. Objective: analyze the five-year results of implementing cardiological screening using pulse oximetry (OximP) in a private hospital. Material and methods: an observational, descriptive, retrospective study of all cardiological screenings from 2017 to 2021 was carried out. The results were collected from all the patients in the physiological nursery, considering occasions and moments of screening, as well as the state of maturation and the newborn’s skin color. A bivariate analysis of the validity conditions of the screening was performed among the newborns with the χ2 test. A statistical significance level of the p < 0.01. Results: the rate of newborns with suspected critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) was lower than that reported worldwide (≈ 8:5,000). Increasingly lower positivity rates were observed over the years, a statistically significant trend showing that staff training and adequate equipment contributed to the decrease in the frequency of false positive tests. Conclusions: screening using OximP is valuable and specific. However, various factors during the process must be guaranteed for the validity of the results.
Resumen: Introducción: las cardiopatías congénitas son la segunda causa de mortalidad en el primer año de vida en México, por lo que se hizo obligatoria su implementación en todo recién nacido en 2019. Objetivo: analizar los resultados a cinco años de la implementación del cribado cardiológico mediante oximetría de pulso (OximP) en un hospital privado. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de todos los cribados cardiológicos realizados del 2017 al 2021, recolectando los resultados en todos los pacientes de cunero fisiológico, considerando ocasiones y momentos de la realización del cribado, así como el estado de maduración y color de piel del neonato. Se realizó un análisis bivariado de las condiciones de validez del cribado entre los recién nacidos con prueba de χ2. Nivel de significancia estadística de p < 0.01. Resultados: la tasa de recién nacidos con sospecha de enfermedades cardiacas congénitas críticas (CCHD, por sus siglas en inglés) fue menor a la reportada a nivel mundial (≈ 8:5,000). Se observaron tasas de positividad cada vez menores a lo largo de los años, tendencia estadísticamente significativa, mostrando que la capacitación del personal y empleo de equipo adecuado contribuyó a la disminución de la frecuencia de estudios falsos positivos. Conclusiones: el cribado mediante OximP es útil y específico; sin embargo, diversos factores durante el proceso deben ser garantizados para la validez de los resultados.
8.
Caracterización sociodemográfica de adolescentes que tuvieron acceso a las prestaciones vinculadas con la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo por violación. Chile: 2018 - 2020
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Montero Vega, Adela
; Ramírez-Pereira, Mirliana
; Molina González, Temístocles
; Robledo Hoecker, Paz
; Casas Becerra, Lidia
; Vivaldi Macho, Lieta
; González Aristegui, Daniela
.
Abstract: Ground N°3 of Law 21,030 allows for the termination of a pregnancy due to rape, with the woman’s consent, establishing a gestational age limit of 14 weeks for adolescents under 14 years of age and 12 weeks for those over 14 years of age. Objective: To describe, between the period 2018-2020, the main sociodemographic and other variables linked to ground N°3 in minors under 14 years, adolescents aged 14 years or older and under 18 years, and women aged 18 years or older. Patients and Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive, and population-based design. National data was obtained from the official registry of the Ministry of Health and through the Transparency Law. Measures of central tendency (median), dispersion (interquartile range), absolute frequencies, and percentages were used. Results: 31.6% of the women with rape-related pregnancies were under 18 years of age. Women under 14 lived mainly in the regions of the country, had a higher gestational age at the time of the ground factor, and 31.2% decided to continue the pregnancy. Adolescents aged 14 or older and under 18, had a higher multidimensional poverty index. Women aged 18 or older were most frequently foreigners, lived mainly in the Metropolitan Region, and decided to terminate the pregnancy. 57.4% of those who reported the rape and 11.1% who failed to establish the ground were under 18. Conclusions: Sexual violence is a public health problem. Pregnancy due to rape in adolescents is a social reality. There should be permanent evaluation and monitoring of the implementation of Law 21,030, guaranteeing timely, efficient, and nondiscriminatory access to benefits.
Resumen: La causal 3 de la Ley 21.030 autoriza interrumpir el embarazo por violación, mediando la voluntad de la mujer, estableciendo un límite en la edad gestacional de 14 semanas en menores de 14 años y 12 semanas en mayores de 14 años. Objetivo: Describir en el período 2018-2020 las principales variables sociodemográficas y otras vinculadas con la causal 3 en menores de 14 años, adolescentes de 14 años o más y menores de 18 años y mujeres de 18 años o más. Pacientes y Método: Diseño transversal, descriptivo y poblacional. Datos nacionales obtenidos del registro oficial del Ministerio de Salud y por Ley de Transparencia. Se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central (Mediana), de dispersión (Rango Intercuartílico), frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes. Resultados: El 31,6% de las mujeres con embarazo por violación eran menores de 18 años. Las menores de 14 viven principalmente en regiones, presentan mayor edad gestacional al constituir causal y deciden continuar el embarazo en un 31,2%. Las adolescentes de 14 años o más y menores de 18 años presentan mayor índice de pobreza multidimensional. Las mujeres de 18 años o más, concentran mayor frecuencia de extranjeras, mayor residencia en la Región Metropolitana y mayoritariamente deciden interrumpir la gestación. El 57,4% de quienes denunciaron y el 11,1% que no logró constituir causal eran menores de 18 años. Conclusiones: La violencia sexual es un problema de salud pública. El embarazo por violación en adolescentes constituye una realidad social. Debe existir evaluación y seguimiento permanente de la implementación de la Ley 21.030, garantizando el acceso oportuno, eficiente y sin discriminación a las prestaciones.
9.
Factores relacionados a la adherencia terapéutica en pacientes pediátricos con epilepsia durante pandemia COVID-19
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Abstract: Introduction: therapeutic adherence is variable and can be affected for different reasons. Objective: to describe the frequency and factors or barriers related to lack of therapeutic adherence in pediatric patients with epilepsy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: cross-sectional study. 101 patients younger than 18 years, with epilepsy and who had appointments scheduled in 2020 and 2021 were included. The information was collected through a review of records, as well as a telephone interview where a validated scale was applied to record data on adherence. The statistical analysis was descriptive. Results: the mean age was 8.2 years; 54.2 were male (54.2%). The highest percentage (75%) had generalized epilepsy and 49.1% received valproic acid. 56.7% presented decompensation of epileptic seizures during the pandemic. 51% had low adherence. The main barrier to non-adherence was not being able to attend the appointment due to COVID-19, followed by financial problems. Conclusions: strategies to reduce contagion during the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the lack of therapeutic adherence in patients with epilepsy.
Resumen: Introducción: la adherencia terapéutica es variable y puede afectarse por diferentes motivos. Objetivo: describir la frecuencia y factores o barreras relacionadas a la falta de adherencia terapéutica en pacientes pediátricos con epilepsia durante la pandemia COVID-19. Material y métodos: estudio transversal y descriptivo. Se incluyeron 101 pacientes, menores de 18 años con diagnóstico de epilepsia, y que tenían citas programadas en los años 2020 y 2021. La información se recabó mediante revisión de expedientes, así como entrevista telefónica donde se aplicó una escala validada para determinar el porcentaje de adherencia. El análisis estadístico fue descriptivo. Resultados: la edad promedio fue de 8.2 años, hubo predominio de pacientes del sexo masculino (54.2%). El mayor porcentaje (75%) tenía epilepsia generalizada y el 49.1% recibía ácido valproico. El 56.7% presentó descompensación de las crisis epilépticas durante la pandemia. El 51% tuvo baja adherencia. La principal barrera para la falta de adherencia fue por no haber podido acudir a la cita por el COVID-19 (34.7%), seguido por problemas económicos. Conclusiones: las estrategias para disminuir el contagio durante la pandemia por COVID-19 influyeron para que hubiera falta de adherencia terapéutica en pacientes con epilepsia.
10.
Relación de los índices neutrófilo-linfocito y plaquetas-linfocito con desenlaces de severidad en isquemia aguda de miembros inferiores
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Lagos Castro, Jenith Rocío
; Lagos Castro, Katheryn Daniela
; Ramírez Herrán, William
; Villada Ochoa, Óscar Alonso
; Camacho Mazabuel, María Alejandra
.
Resumen Introducción: los índices neutrófilos/linfocitos (NLR) y plaquetas/linfocitos (PLR) son marcadores de inflamación sistémica y podrían correlacionarse con amputación y muerte en pacientes con isquemia aguda de miembros inferiores. Métodos: estudio retrospectivo, analítico y multicéntrico en una cohorte de pacientes con isquemia aguda de miembros inferiores no traumática ni iatrogénica entre 2017 y 2018. Se analizaron los datos clínicos y paraclínicos, se calcularon los NLR y los PLR al ingreso y se buscó su relación con la amputación y la muerte. Además, se realizó el seguimiento de dichos desenlaces hasta 24 meses después del evento. Resultados: se identificaron 140 pacientes, 56 % de género masculino y con una edad media de 76 años. Un NLR > 5,2 es un factor de riesgo para amputación intrahospitalaria (OR: 3,16) y para una menor supervivencia libre de amputación (HR: 3,75). Un NLR > 8,4 es factor de riesgo para mortalidad intrahospitalaria (OR: 6,38) y para una supervivencia global menor (HR: 2,58). Por su parte, el PLR > 208 se relaciona con una menor supervivencia libre de amputación (HR: 1,93) y un PLR > 226 se correlaciona con una mortalidad intrahospitalaria mayor (OR 4,48) y es un factor de riesgo para una supervivencia global menor (HR: 2,33). Se encontró, además, que una clasificación de Rutherford IIb o III al ingreso, edad > 60 años o antecedente de enfermedad renal crónica se asociaban con una mayor mortalidad intrahospitalaria. Conclusiones: valores elevados en NLR y PLR se relacionan con un mayor riesgo de amputación y de mortalidad intrahospitalaria y con una menor supervivencia libre de amputación y supervivencia global en pacientes con isquemia aguda de extremidades inferiores, por lo que pueden usarse como una herramienta más a la hora de estadificar a los pacientes de alto riesgo que ingresan con dicho diagnóstico.
Abstract Introduction: neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte (PLR) ratio are markers of systemic inflammation and may correlate with major outcomes in patients with acute lower limb ischemia. Methods: a retrospective, analytic and multicenter study in a cohort of patients with acute lower limb ischemia, not traumatic or iatrogenic, between 2017 and 2018. Clinical and paraclinical data were analyzed, the NLR and PLR were calculated on admission and their relationship with amputation and death was sought. In addition, these outcomes were monitored up to 24 months after the event. Results: 140 patients were identified, 56 % was male and they had a mean age of 76 years old. An NLR > 5,2 is a risk factor for intra-hospital amputation (OR: 3,16) and for survival free of minor amputation (HR: 3,75). An NLR > 8,4 is a risk factor for in-hospital mortality (OR: 6,38) and for a lower overall survival (HR: 2,58). Furthermore, PLR > 208 is associated with a minor amputation-free survival (HR: 1,93) and a PLR > 226 is correlated with greater hospital mortality (OR 4,48) and is a risk factor for a lower overall survival (HR: 2,33). It was also found that a classification of Rutherford IIb or III at admission, ages > 60 years and/or history of chronic kidney disease were associated with higher intra-hospital mortality. Conclusions: high values in the NLR and PLR are associated with increased risk of amputation and hospital mortality and are risk factors for free survival of amputation and reduced overall survival in patients with acute lower limb ischemia. Therefore, it can be used as one more tool when we're staging high-risk patients who are admitted with such a diagnosis.
11.
An assessment of mental health of Mexican and Colombian medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Pacheco-Tobón, D. Xipe
; Bautista-Soto, Edgar
; Arellano-Ramírez, Claudia
; Orozco-García, Daniela
; Ramos-Ruiz, Lucia
; Herbales-Martinez, Eliana
; Porchia, Leonardo M.
; Pérez-Fuentes, Ricardo
; Gonzalez-Mejia, M. Elba
.
Resumen Introducción La pandemia de COVID-19 provocó el cese de las actividades académicas desde el formato presencial al confinamiento de las clases virtuales, de las que poco se ha estudiado sobre su efecto en la salud mental. Objetivo Determinar los niveles de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en estudiantes de medicina de México y Colombia durante la pandemia de COVID-19; además de comparar depresión, ansiedad y estrés por género, nivel educativo y país. Método Se realizó un estudio transversal con 426 estudiantes de medicina. Los datos se recopilaron mediante una encuesta en línea que contenía el cuestionario DASS-21. Resultados Las puntuaciones generales de depresión, ansiedad y estrés fueron 6.7 ± 1.2, 8.8 ± 1.2 y 5.6 ± 1.2, respectivamente. Las mujeres tuvieron puntajes generales significativamente más altos para depresión (.24-fold increase), ansiedad (.25-fold increase) y estrés (.40-fold increase). El riesgo de ansiedad y estrés por año escolar mostró que los años básicos se asociaron con puntajes más altos que los estudiantes en años los avanzados (.25 y .38-fold increase). Para las mujeres, cursar años básicos mostró un mayor riesgo de depresión en comparación con los estudiantes varones (.38-fold increase). Por último, los estudiantes mexicanos tuvieron un mayor riesgo de depresión y ansiedad (p ≤ .022 y p ≤ .004, respectivamente) pero no de estrés (p ≤ .402) en comparación con los estudiantes Colombianos. Discusión y conclusión Se observó ansiedad y depresión significativas en estudiantes de medicina mexicanos y colombianos. Los factores asociados a un mayor riesgo de depresión y ansiedad fueron; ser estudiante en años básicos además de ser mujer.
Abstract Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic caused the cessation of academic activities from the face-to-face format to confinement and virtual classes, in which little is studied about its effect on mental health. Objective Determine levels of depression, anxiety, and stress in medical students in Mexico and Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, depression, anxiety, and stress were compared by gender, education status, and country. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out with 426 medical students. Data was collected using an online survey containing the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire. Results Overall scores for depression, anxiety, and stress were 6.7 ± 1.2, 8.8 ± 1.2, and 5.6 ± 1.2, respectively. Females had significantly higher overall scores for depression (.24-fold increase), anxiety (.25-fold increase), and stress (.40-fold increase) than males (p ≤ .01). The risk for anxiety and stress by school year showed that basic years were associated with higher scores than advanced years (.25 and .38-fold increase, respectively). For females, starting medical school did show an increased risk of depression when compared to male students in their basic years (.38-fold increase). Lastly, students from Mexico had an increased risk for depression and anxiety (p ≤ .022 and p ≤ .004, respectively) but not for stress (p ≤ .402), when compared to students from Colombia. Discussion and conclusion Significant anxiety and depression were observed in medical students from Mexico and Colombia. Factors associated with an increased risk of depression and anxiety are students in their basic years as well as being female.
12.
Caracterización sociodemográfica de adolescentes que tuvieron acceso a las prestaciones vinculadas con la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo por violación. Chile: 2018 - 2020
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Montero Vega, Adela
; Ramírez-Pereira, Mirliana
; Molina González, Temístocles
; Robledo Hoecker, Paz
; Casas Becerra, Lidia
; Vivaldi Macho, Lieta
; González Aristegui, Daniela
.
Abstract: Ground N°3 of Law 21,030 allows for the termination of a pregnancy due to rape, with the woman’s consent, establishing a gestational age limit of 14 weeks for adolescents under 14 years of age and 12 weeks for those over 14 years of age. Objective: To describe, between the period 2018-2020, the main sociodemographic and other variables linked to ground N°3 in minors under 14 years, adolescents aged 14 years or older and under 18 years, and women aged 18 years or older. Patients and Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive, and population-based design. National data was obtained from the official registry of the Ministry of Health and through the Transparency Law. Measures of central tendency (median), dispersion (interquartile range), absolute frequencies, and percentages were used. Results: 31.6% of the women with rape-related pregnancies were under 18 years of age. Women under 14 lived mainly in the regions of the country, had a higher gestational age at the time of the ground factor, and 31.2% decided to continue the pregnancy. Adolescents aged 14 or older and under 18, had a higher multidimensional poverty index. Women aged 18 or older were most frequently foreigners, lived mainly in the Metropolitan Region, and decided to terminate the pregnancy. 57.4% of those who reported the rape and 11.1% who failed to establish the ground were under 18. Conclusions: Sexual violence is a public health problem. Pregnancy due to rape in adolescents is a social reality. There should be permanent evaluation and monitoring of the implementation of Law 21,030, guaranteeing timely, efficient, and nondiscriminatory access to benefits.
Resumen: La causal 3 de la Ley 21.030 autoriza interrumpir el embarazo por violación, mediando la voluntad de la mujer, estableciendo un límite en la edad gestacional de 14 semanas en menores de 14 años y 12 semanas en mayores de 14 años. Objetivo: Describir en el período 2018-2020 las principales variables sociodemográficas y otras vinculadas con la causal 3 en menores de 14 años, adolescentes de 14 años o más y menores de 18 años y mujeres de 18 años o más. Pacientes y Método: Diseño transversal, descriptivo y poblacional. Datos nacionales obtenidos del registro oficial del Ministerio de Salud y por Ley de Transparencia. Se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central (Mediana), de dispersión (Rango Intercuartílico), frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes. Resultados: El 31,6% de las mujeres con embarazo por violación eran menores de 18 años. Las menores de 14 viven principalmente en regiones, presentan mayor edad gestacional al constituir causal y deciden continuar el embarazo en un 31,2%. Las adolescentes de 14 años o más y menores de 18 años presentan mayor índice de pobreza multidimensional. Las mujeres de 18 años o más, concentran mayor frecuencia de extranjeras, mayor residencia en la Región Metropolitana y mayoritariamente deciden interrumpir la gestación. El 57,4% de quienes denunciaron y el 11,1% que no logró constituir causal eran menores de 18 años. Conclusiones: La violencia sexual es un problema de salud pública. El embarazo por violación en adolescentes constituye una realidad social. Debe existir evaluación y seguimiento permanente de la implementación de la Ley 21.030, garantizando el acceso oportuno, eficiente y sin discriminación a las prestaciones.
13.
Leucemia promielocítica aguda durante el embarazo: reporte de 17 casos de un país en desarrollo
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Cabrera-García, Álvaro
; Balderas-Delgado, Carolina
; Ramírez-Lozada, Tito
; Valencia-Rocha, Ubaldo Rafael
; Madera-Maldonado, Elizabeth
; Camargo-Romero, Etsel
; Pérez-Samano, Daniela
; Gallardo-Rodríguez, Adán Germán
; Olarte-Carrillo, Irma
; Ramos-Peñafiel, Christian
.
Resumen OBJETIVO: Recopilar casos atendidos en centros oncológicos de México y reportar los tratamientos exitosos, con respuestas completas y las complicaciones del embarazo. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de serie de casos que incluyó a pacientes con leucemia promielocítica aguda asociada con el embarazo atendidas en diferentes hospitales de la zona metropolitana de la Ciudad de México entre 1999 y 2021. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron 17 pacientes con leucemia promielocítica aguda asociada con el embarazo, con mediana de edad de 23 años (14-40 años); 7 correspondieron a madres menores de 20 años. En relación con su entorno social 9 tenían baja escolaridad, 12 se dedicaban al hogar y 13 tenían una pareja al momento de la concepción. Por último, 11 eran originarias de una zona urbana. Las pacientes atendidas entre 1999-2010 se trataron con interferón plus citarabina (7 de 17) o mediante soporte transfusional y esteroide (2 de 17), en 8 de los 17 casos el tratamiento se inició con tretinoína en combinación con quimioterapia (daunorrubicina) como tratamiento de inducción. CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento de pacientes embarazadas y con leucemia promielocítica aguda representa un reto debido al riesgo trombótico y hemorrágico. Si bien la adición de tretinoína ha modificado el pronóstico de las pacientes con esta leucemia, su indicación a las embarazadas sigue siendo motivo de controversia, sobre todo por el riesgo de teratogenicidad.
Abstract OBJECTIVE: To collect cases attended in oncology centers in Mexico and to report successful treatments, with complete responses and complications around gestation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective case series study including patients with pregnancy-associated acute promyelocytic leukemia attended in different hospitals in the metropolitan area of Mexico City between 1999 and 2021. RESULTS: Seventeen patients with pregnancy-associated acute promyelocytic leukemia were identified, with a median age of 23 years (14-40 years); 7 corresponded to mothers younger than 20 years. In relation to their social environment, 9 had low schooling, 12 were homebased and 13 had a partner at the time of conception. Finally, 11 were originally from an urban area. Patients seen between 1999-2010 were treated with interferon plus cytarabine (7 of 17) or by transfusion support and steroid (2 of 17), in 8 of the 17 cases treatment was initiated with tretinoin in combination with chemotherapy (daunorubicin) as induction therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of pregnant patients and patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia represents a challenge due to thrombotic and hemorrhagic risk. Although the addition of tretinoin has modified the prognosis of patients with this leukemia, its indication in pregnant women remains controversial, especially because of the risk of teratogenicity.
14.
Flavonoids, anthocyanins and total macronutrients in handmade products of blackberry (Rubus sp) from Atecaxil, Veracruz, Mexico
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Felipe-Mendoza, Neil Abdiel
; Martínez-Hernández, María de Jesús
; Ramírez-Benítez, María del Carmen
; Hernández-González, Karla Daniela
; Molina-Torres, Jorge
; Alvarado-Olivarez, Mayvi
; Torres-Pelayo, Vianey del Rocío
.
Resumen El fruto de zarzamora (Rubus fruticosus) es considerado alto en fibra, vitaminas, minerales y antioxidantes y se destacan por tener propiedades terapéuticas. Sin embargo, es importante determinar si estos antioxidantes aún se conservan en alimentos o frutas procesados; y brindar al consumidor información nutricional de este producto, el cual ha tenido una gran demanda en la región centro del Estado de Veracruz. El objetivo principal fue determinar los contenidos totales de flavonoides y antocianinas en la mermelada y licor de zarzamora artesanal; así como la cantidad de carbohidratos, lípidos y proteínas totales en estos productos, elaborados en Atecaxil, Veracruz, México. Se realizó un tamiz fitoquímico preliminar cualitativa y Cromatografía en Capa Fina de Alta Resolución (HPTLC, por sus siglas en inglés) en frutos, licor y mermelada artesana de zarzamora l. Los flavonoides y antocianinas totales se cuantificaron en la mermelada y licor artesanal de zarzamora por espectrofotometría, durante los tres años de producción. Con la prueba fitoquímica cualitativa, se encontró mayor presencia (+++) de alcaloides y flavonoides tanto en el fruto como en ambos productos artesanales. Se observó en la placa cromatográfica, bandas de color púrpura a púrpura claro, que son características de las antocianinas (Rf 0.2 a 0.3). Durante los tres años de producción la concentración de flavonoides y antocianinas fue similar, comparando entre los productos, hay mayor cantidad de flavonoides totales en la mermelada (43,6 mg) que en el licor (16,0 mg). Las antocianinas se encontraron en mayor cantidad en la mermelada de mora (59,3 mg) que en el licor de mora (23,6 mg). El licor de zarzamora artesanal se encontró un valor energético de 82,48 kJ/19,7 kcal por 15 mL, 3,5 g de carbohidratos, 0,1 g de lípidos y 0,1 g de proteína total, 33 porciones por envase (cada porción de 15mL). En la mermelada de zarzamora artesanal se encontró un valor energético de 110.11kJ/26.3 kcal por 10 g, 6g de carbohidratos, 0.1 g de lípidos y 0.1 g de proteína total, 34 porciones cada envase (cada porción de 10 g). Estos productos artesanales podrían competir en el mercado; debido que aún se preservan los flavonoides y antocianinas, y su valor energético podría proporcionar información importante al consumidor.
Abstract The fruit of blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) bush is considered high in fiber, vitamins, mineral and some components are considered as antioxidants, they stand out by their therapeutic properties. Nevertheless, it is important to determine if these antioxidants are still retained in processed food; and to provide the consumer nutrimental information of this product, which has been in great demand in the central region of the State of Veracruz. The main objective was to determine the total contents of flavonoids and anthocyanins in jelly and handmade blackberry liqueur; as well as the amount of total carbohydrates, lipids and proteins contained in these products, produced in Atecaxil, Veracruz, Mexico. A preliminary phytochemical analysis and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) were performed on fruits, liquor and jelly of blackberry handmade. Total flavonoids and anthocyanins were quantified by spectrophotometry, during the three years of production. In the three samples there was a higher presence of alkaloids and flavonoids (+++). Bands purple color to light purple were observed on the chromatography plate (Rf 0.2 a 0.3), they are characteristic of anthocyanins. During the three years of production, the concentration of flavonoids of flavonoids and anthocyanins were similar, comparing between the products, there is a greater concentration of total flavonoids in jelly (43.6 mg) than in liqueur (16.0 mg). Anthocyanins were found in higher concentration in the blackberry jelly (59.3mg) than in the blackberry liqueur (23.6 mg). Both products recovered total flavonoids and anthocyanins, after the processing of the blackberry fruit. The handmade liqueur had an energetic value of 82.48kJ/19.7 kcal per 15 mL, 3.5g of carbohydrates, 0,1 g of lipids and 0.1 g of total protein, 33 serving per container (each portion or serving of 15 mL). In the artisanal blackberry jelly there was an energetic value of 110.11kJ/26.3 kcal per 10 g, 6g of carbohydrates, 0.1 g of lipids and 0.1 g of total protein, 34 portions each container (each portion of 10g). These products could compete in the handmade market, because the total flavonoids and anthocyanins are still preserved during the fabrication of the product; which could provide important information to the consumer.
15.
Empresas de base científica universitarias: configuraciones según el género del emprendedor
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García-Martínez, Julio César
; Cruz-Delgado, Daniela
; Torres-Ramírez, Estela
; Gutiérrez-Antúnez, A.R.
.
RIDE. Revista Iberoamericana para la Investigación y el Desarrollo Educativo
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resumen está disponible en el texto completo
Abstract In the scientific literature, there are few studies that have explored the possible interactions between the explanatory factors of the creation of science-based companies (Berbegal-Mirabent, Ribeiro-Soriano, and Sánchez García, 2015) and addressed the differences in the creation of this type of company according to the gender of the entrepreneur (Sinell, Mueller-Wieland and Muschner, 2018); Most of the research on the creation of science-based companies of university origin has focused on the effect of isolated variables to explain their emergence and at one or two levels of analysis, in this sense, it seeks to answer: how do they differ the causal configurations of science-based companies according to the gender of the entrepreneur? The objective is to identify causal differences in the creation of science-based companies according to the gender of the entrepreneur, taking into account analysis variables at the macro, meso and micro levels. The study includes companies supported by incubators and accelerators located in different cities in Mexico. 185 university companies were analyzed, not all of which are scientifically based. The information was collected through an online survey and processed through comparative qualitative analysis for fuzzy sets. As a result, it was found that no variable by itself is a sufficient condition to generate science/technology-based companies regardless of the gender of the entrepreneurs, since all the causal configurations that reached the minimum consistency of 0.80 were made up of more than one variable. When the data on spin-offs generated by men is analyzed, only a sufficient configuration emerges in which the presence of a degree of study, area of knowledge, experience in research, a regulatory framework that allows the researcher to obtain royalties for the intellectual property generated in the institution and a team of founders. When the analysis is carried out only for the female gender, it was identified that the presence of a degree of studies, area of knowledge, experience in research, experience in the industry, a regulatory framework that allows obtaining royalties from the intellectual property generated in the institution, entrepreneurial culture and external financing, in both cases the configurations reach the minimum of 0.80. It is concluded that women replace the founding team, necessary for men, with experience in industry, entrepreneurial culture and external financing while they coincide in degree of studies, area of knowledge, experience in R&D and the presence of regulations that ensure the participation of academics in the royalties generated by the institution from which the company emerges. It is noteworthy that in none of the configurations does the presence of technology transfer offices appear necessary.
Resumo Na literatura científica, são poucos os estudos que exploraram as possíveis interações entre os fatores explicativos da criação de empresas de base científica (Berbegal-Mirabent et al., 2015) e abordam as diferenças na criação desse tipo de empresa de acordo com ao gênero do empreendedor (Sinell et al., 2018); De fato, a maior parte das pesquisas sobre a criação de empresas de base científica e universitária tem se concentrado no efeito de variáveis isoladas para explicar seu surgimento e em um ou dois níveis de análise. Diante disso, levantou-se a seguinte questão: como as configurações causais das empresas de base científica diferem de acordo com o gênero do empreendedor? O objetivo é identificar diferenças causais na criação de empresas de base científica de acordo com o gênero do empreendedor e levando em consideração variáveis de análise nos níveis macro, meso e micro. O estudo inclui empresas apoiadas por incubadoras e aceleradoras localizadas em diferentes cidades do México. Foram analisadas 185 empresas universitárias, nem todas com base científica; Em cada empresa, obteve-se a resposta do empresário empresarial. As informações foram coletadas por meio de uma pesquisa online e processadas por meio de análise qualitativa comparativa para conjuntos fuzzy. Como resultado, verificou-se que nenhuma variável por si só é condição suficiente para gerar empresas de base científica/tecnológica, independentemente do gênero dos empreendedores, pois todas as configurações causais que atingiram a consistência mínima de 0,80 foram compostas por mais do que uma variável. Quando se analisam os dados dos spin-offs gerados pelos homens, surge apenas uma configuração suficiente em que a presença de um grau de estudos, área de conhecimento, experiência em pesquisa, um marco regulatório que permita ao pesquisador obter royalties para a propriedade intelectual gerada na instituição e uma equipe de fundadores. Quando a análise é realizada apenas para o gênero feminino, identificou-se que a presença de um grau de estudos, área de conhecimento, experiência em pesquisa, experiência na indústria, um marco regulatório que permite a obtenção de royalties da propriedade intelectual gerados na instituição, cultura empreendedora e financiamento externo. Em ambos os casos as configurações atingem o mínimo de 0,80. Conclui-se que as mulheres substituem a equipe fundadora, necessária para os homens, com experiência na indústria, cultura empreendedora e financiamento externo, ao mesmo tempo em que coincidem em grau de estudos, área de conhecimento, experiência em P&D e presença de regulamentações que assegurem a participação de acadêmicos nos royalties gerados pela instituição da qual a empresa surge. Note-se que em nenhuma das configurações parece necessária a presença de escritórios de transferência de tecnologia.
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