RESUMO O divertículo epifrênico é uma patologia rara associada a distúrbios motores esofágicos e, frequentemente, assintomática, tendo indicações cirúrgicas bem estabelecidas. Relatamos um caso de divertículo epifrênico gigante em paciente de 59 anos, sexo feminino, sintomática, diagnosticada por exames complementares. Devido à sintomatologia, optou-se por tratamento cirúrgico, sendo realizada a diverticulectomia esofágica com cardiomiotomia e fundoplicatura parcial anterior laparoscópica.

ABSTRACT Epiphrenic diverticulum is a rare disease associated with esophageal motor disorders that is usually asymptomatic and has a well-established surgical indication. We report a case of giant epiphrenic diverticulum in a 59-year-old symptomatic woman who was diagnosed after underwent complementary exams. Because of her symptoms, the surgical treatment was chosen, and esophageal diverticulectomy was performed along with laparoscopic cardiomyotomy and anterior partial fundoplication.

Óxidos de tungstênio apresentam diferentes estequiometrias, estruturas cristalinas e morfologias. Estas características são importantes principalmente quando se deseja utilizá-los como fotocatalisadores. Neste trabalho foram obtidos filmes finos de óxido de tungstênio por evaporação térmica sobre substratos de silício (100) recobertos com ouro, aquecidos a 350 e 600 ºC. A estequiometria dos filmes formados, morfologia, estrutura cristalina e resistência à lixiviação foram caracterizadas por espectroscopia de fotoelétrons de raios X, espectroscopia micro-Raman, microscopias eletrônicas de varredura e transmissão, difratometria de raios X, espectrometria de retroespalhamento Rutherford e reação nuclear ressonante O16(α,α')O16. Os filmes apresentam estrutura nanométrica, cuja forma torna-se bem definida com o aumento da temperatura. O sistema apresenta-se na forma de WO3.1 e cristaliza principalmente na fase hexagonal, sendo obtidas também estruturas de óxido de tungstênio hidratadas. Os filmes obtidos através de evaporação térmica apresentam resistência à lixiviação em ambiente aquoso e excelente atividade fotocatalítica, que foi testada na degradação do corante alaranjado de metila.

Tungsten oxides show different stoichiometries, crystal lattices and morphologies. These characteristics are important mainly when they are used as photocatalysts. In this work tungsten oxide thin films were obtained by thermal evaporation on (100) silicon substrates covered with gold and heated at 350 and 600 ºC, with different deposition times. The stoichiometry of the films, morphology, crystal structure and resistance to leaching were characterized through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and O16(α,α')O16 resonant nuclear reaction. Films obtained at higher temperatures show well-defined spherical nanometric structure; they are composed of WO3.1 and the presence of hydrated tungsten oxide was also observed. The major crystal structure observed is the hexagonal. Thin films obtained through thermal evaporation present resistance to leaching in aqueous media and excellent performance as photocatalysts, evaluated through the degradation of the methyl orange dye.

Dung beetle communities have been compared across north temperate latitudes. Tropical dung beetle communities appear to be more diverse based on studies using different methodologies. Here, we present results from a standardized sampling protocol used to compare dung beetle communities across five neotropical forests in Brazil and Ecuador and two warm, north temperate forests in Mississippi and Louisiana. Species richness in the tropical forests was three to seven times higher than the temperate forests, as would be expected by studies of other taxa across tropical and temperate latitudes. Average body size in the temperate forests was larger than the tropical forests, as predicted by Bergmann's rule. Dung beetle abundance and volume per trap-day were generally higher in Ecuador than Brazil, and higher in Mississippi than Louisiana, but there were no tropical-temperate differences. Species rank-abundance curves were similar within countries and between countries. Rank-volume distributions indicated a smaller range of beetle body sizes in Ecuador versus Brazil or the USA. Community similarity was high within countries and low between countries. Community differences between Brazil and Ecuador sites may be explained by differences in productivity based on geological age of the soils.

A reação de NaBH4 com RuCl3 dissolvido no líquido iônico 1-n-butil-3-metilimidazólio hexafluorfosfato (BMI.PF6) é um método simples e reprodutível para a síntese de nanopartículas de RuO2 estáveis com distribuição estreita e diâmetro da partícula entre 2-3 nm. As nanopartículas de RuO2 foram caracterizadas por XRD, XPS, EDS e TEM. Estas nanopartículas mostraram alta atividade catalítica tanto na catálise heterogênea quanto na hidrogenação bifásica líquido-líquido de olefinas e arenos sob condições moderadas de reação. Experimentos de envenenamento com Hg(0) e CS2, e análises de XRD e TEM de partículas isoladas após a catálise indicaram a formação de nanopartículas de Ru(0). As nanopartículas podem ser reutilizadas em condições de catálise heterogênea até 10 vezes na hidrogenação de 1-hexeno rendendo um número total de ciclos catalíticos de 175.000 para átomos de Ru expostos.

The reaction of NaBH4 with RuCl3 dissolved in 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMI.PF6) ionic liquid is a simple and reproducible method for the synthesis of stable RuO2 nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution within 2-3 nm. RuO2 nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, XPS, EDS and TEM. These nanoparticles showed high catalytic activity either in the solventless or liquid-liquid biphasic hydrogenation of olefins and arenes under mild reaction conditions. Hg(0) and CS2 poisoning experiments and XRD and TEM analysis of particles isolated after catalysis indicated the formation of Ru(0) nanoparticles. The nanoparticles could be re-used in solventless conditions up to 10 times in the hydrogenation of 1-hexene yielding a total turnover number for exposed Ru atoms of 175,000.