Abstract Osteoma is a benign osteogenic neoplasm characterized by gradual growth. Commonly, it manifests in the craniofacial region, marked by the proliferation of compact and/or cancellous bone. Despite its frequent occurrence, peripheral osteoma’s precise etiology and pathogenesis remain unknown. Post-surgical excision recurrence is rare, and malignant transformation has yet to be documented. This study aims to detail an unusual case of na 11-year-old male patient presenting with a solitary peripheral osteoma in the right retromolar trigone region, a previously unreported site. The patient was initially asymptomatic, but after one month, the lesion induced facial asymmetry and discomfort while chewing. Successful surgical intervention resulted in the lesion's removal, and after 1 year of monitoring, no signs of recurrence were observed. This paper also highlights the peripheral osteoma’s clinical, radiographic, surgical, and histopathological features, as well as its differential diagnoses

Resumo O osteoma é uma neoplasia osteogénica benigna de crescimento lento que ocorre comumente na região craniofacial e é caracterizada pela proliferação de osso compacto e/ou esponjoso. Apesar da sua ocorrência frequente, a etiologia e a patogénese do osteoma periférico permanecem desconhecidas. A recorrência pós-excisão cirúrgica é rara, e a transformação maligna ainda não foi documentada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever um caso incomum de paciente do sexo masculino de 11 anos que apresentava um osteoma periférico solitário na região do trígono retromolar direito, um local previamente não relatado. O paciente estava inicialmente assintomático, mas após um mês, a lesão induziu assimetria facial e desconforto ao mastigar. Uma intervenção cirúrgica bem-sucedida resultou na remoção cirúrgica da lesão, e após 1 ano de monitoramento não foram observados sinais de recidiva. Este artigo também destaca as características clínicas, radiográficas, cirúrgicas e histopatológicas do osteoma periférico, assim como o diagnóstico diferencial

RESUMO Em sistemas de irrigação por gotejamento subsuperficial, o conhecimento do avanço tridimensional da água no solo é essencial na seleção do espaçamento e profundidade de instalação dos emissores. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi desenvolver e testar diferentes modelos matemáticos para estimar a distribuição de água no solo sob irrigação por gotejamento subsuperficial. O experimento foi montado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. O arranjo experimental foi de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, tendo nas parcelas diferentes profundidades de instalação de gotejadoras (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 e 30 cm) e nas subparcelas tempos de aplicação da irrigação (0, 60, 120, 180 e 240 min). Foram construídos três modelos (SLIDE 6.0, regressão polinomial e SPSS 2.0) para estimar a distribuição de água no perfil do solo. Todos os modelos apresentaram índices estatísticos dentro de faixas aceitáveis. Na comparação, o modelo gerado no software numérico SLIDE 6.0 foi o que apresentou melhor desempenho, seguido do SPSS 2.0 e regressão polinomial. Os modelos gerados foram eficientes e simples, apresentando bons resultados na predição da distribuição de água no perfil do solo para as condições estudadas. subsuperficial emissores repetições tempo 0, 0 (0 5 10 15 20 2 3 cm 60 120 18 24 min. min . min) 6 aceitáveis comparação 6. desempenho 2. simples estudadas ( 1 12

ABSTRACT In subsurface drip irrigation systems, knowledge of the three-dimensional advancement of water in the soil is essential for selecting emitter spacing and installation depth. This research aimed to develop and test different mathematical models to estimate water distribution in the soil under subsurface drip irrigation. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design with four replicates. The experimental arrangement was of split-plot in time, with different dripper installation depths in the plots (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm) and in the subplots irrigation application times (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min). Three models (SLIDE 6.0, polynomial regression, and SPSS 2.0) were constructed to estimate the water distribution in the soil profile. All models showed statistical indexes within acceptable ranges. In comparison, the model generated in the numerical software SLIDE 6.0 was the one that presented the best performance, followed by SPSS 2.0 and polynomial regression. The generated models were efficient and simple, producing good results in predicting the water distribution in the soil profile under the studied conditions. systems threedimensional three dimensional depth replicates splitplot split plot time 0, 0 (0 5 10 15 20 25 3 cm 60 120 180 24 min. min . min) 6 regression 2 ranges comparison 6. performance 2. simple conditions ( 1 12 18

Resumo Anfisbênas são répteis fossoriais caracterizadas por apresentarem corpo cilíndrico e alongado coberto por escamas dispostas exclusivamente em anéis e todas são ápodas, com exceção das três espécies do gênero Bipes. Sua dieta consiste em uma variedade de invertebrados e pequenos vertebrados. Por viverem no subsolo, muitos aspectos de sua história natural são difíceis de observar. A maioria dos estudos sobre alimentação em anfisbenas concentra-se na dieta e na ecologia alimentar, enquanto as informações sobre o comportamento alimentar se baseiam em observações preliminares. O objetivo deste artigo foi descrever o comportamento de captura de alimentos exibido por Leposternon microcephalum Wagler, 1824, fora da galeria, em cativeiro. Para o experimento foi utilizada uma isca não viva, ração úmida de gato, que foi oferecida e posicionada próxima a uma das aberturas da galeria, na superfície do solo. Um total de três animais foi analisadopor meio de observações visuais e registros de câmeras de telefones celulares posicionadas em um ponto fixo, captando imagens de suas vistas dorsal e lateral. Foram detectados dois tipos principais de comportamento: captura de recursos alimentares e mecanismo de defesa. As estratégias utilizadas para capturar o recurso alimentar foram semelhantes às observadas em outras espécies fossoriais. Embora o movimento de “marcha-à-ré” tenha sido observado e descrito, o registramos sendo usado como uma estratégia de fuga. Esses resultados contribuem para enriquecer o conhecimento sobre diferentes aspectos da história natural dos Amphisbaenia.

Abstract Amphisbaenians are fossorial reptiles that have a cylindrical and elongated body covered with scales arranged in rings, and are all apodal, except for the three species of the genus Bipes. The amphisbaenian diet consists of a variety of invertebrates and small vertebrates. As these animals live underground, many aspects of their natural history are difficult to study. Most feeding studies of amphisbaenians have focused on the composition of the diet and feeding ecology, and the data available on feeding behavior are based on precursory observations. The present study describes the food capture behavior of Leposternon microcephalum Wagler, 1824 in captivity. In this experiment we used non-live bait (moist cat food), which was placed near a burrow opening, on the surface of the substrate. Three animals were monitored visually and filmed using cellphone cameras deployed at fixed points, to capture images from the dorsal and lateral perspectives of the study subjects. Two principal types of behavior were observed: the capture of food and defense mechanisms. The strategies used to capture the food were similar to those observed in other fossorial species. Although the backward movement has already been observed and described, we were able to record this movement being used as an escape strategy. These findings enrich our knowledge on different aspects of the natural history of the amphisbaenians.

Resumo Os sabonetes têm um papel importante para a nossa higiene e saúde, pois eles além de ter efeito bactericida, também removem as sujeiras presentes no corpo humano. Avaliar a eficácia de sabonetes com atividade antimicrobiana de diferentes marcas comerciais vendidas no Brasil. Foram realizados ensaios da atividade antimicrobiana dos diferentes sabonetes através do método difusão em ágar frente aos microrganismos Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus mirabilis e Candida albicans. Todos os sabonetes comerciais testados apresentaram formação de halo de inibição antimicrobiana frente às bactérias S. aureus e P. aeruginosa. Apenas dois sabonetes comerciais apresentaram inibição das espécies A. baumannii e C. albicans. Nenhum dos sete produtos estudados apresentou inibição das bactérias E. cloacae, P. mirabilis e E. coli. Na comparação das informações contidas nas embalagens dos produtos com os resultados obtidos durante a pesquisa realizada foram observadas divergências. Os sabonetes que apresentaram maior eficiência contra os microrganismos testados foram aqueles das apresentações 1 e 2, que se mostraram eficazes contra as espécies de bactérias S. aureus, P. aeruginosa e A. baumannii e contra a espécie de fungo C. albicans. As marcas 3, 4, 5, 6 e 7 apresentaram o mesmo resultado de sensibilidade frente as bactérias das espécies S. aureus e P. aeruginosa, com variação quantitativa apenas do halo de inibição. Houve divergência entre as informações contidas nas embalagens dos sete produtos em estudo e os resultados dos testes experimentais.

Abstract Soaps play an important role in our hygiene and health, as they not only have a bactericidal effect but also remove dirt from the human body. To evaluate the effectiveness of soaps with antimicrobial activity from different commercial brands sold in Brazil. Tests of the antimicrobial activity of different soaps were carried out through diffusion in agar against the microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus mirabilis, and Candida albicans. All commercial soaps tested transfer antimicrobial inhibition halo formation against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa bacteria. Only two commercial soaps inhibit the species A. baumannii and C. albicans. None of the seven products studied showed inhibition of E. cloacae, P. mirabilis, and E. coli bacteria. When comparing the information contained in the packaging of the products with the results obtained during a survey, divergences were observed. The soaps that provide greater efficiency against the tested microorganisms were presented in presentations 1 and 2, which become useful against the bacteria species S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and A. baumannii and a fungus species C. albicans. Marks 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 parallel the same sensitivity result opposite as bacteria of the species S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, with quantitative variation only of the inhibition halo. There was a divergence between the information contained in the packaging of the seven products under study and the results of the experimental tests.

Resumen: A partir de datos municipales sobre certificados de defunción registrados en el Ministerio de Salud de Brasil y de los resultados electorales de la primera vuelta de las elecciones presidenciales de 2018 y 2022, se evaluó si existe una asociación entre el exceso de mortalidad y el partidismo político en Brasil. Ante la postura del ex presidente brasileño de desacreditar y desatender la gravedad de la pandemia, probablemente exista una relación entre las altas tasas de mortalidad durante la crisis de salud del COVID-19 y el número de votos municipales para Bolsonaro. Los resultados demostraron que, en ambas elecciones, el porcentaje de votos municipales en la primera vuelta para Bolsonaro estuvo asociado positivamente con los picos de alta de muertes en los municipios brasileños para el período 2020-2021. Incluso con la alta mortalidad durante la pandemia, la lealtad política de Bolsonaro no disminuyó durante el segundo período electoral en 2022. Una de las posibles explicaciones es que esto se vincula al escenario político brasileño, que vive una política tribal y polarización afectiva.

Abstract: We evaluated the hypothesis of an association between excess mortality and political partisanship in Brazil using municipal death certificates registered in the Brazilian Ministry of Health database and first-round electoral results of Presidential elections in 2018 and 2022. Considering the former Brazilian President’s stance of discrediting and neglecting the severity of the pandemic, we expect a possible relationship between excessive mortality rates during the COVID-19 health crisis and the number of municipal votes for Bolsonaro. Our results showed that, in both elections, the first-round percentage of municipal votes for Bolsonaro was positively associated with the peaks of excess deaths across Brazilian municipalities in 2020 and 2021. Despite the excess mortality during the pandemic, the political loyalty to Bolsonaro remained the same during the electoral period of 2022. A possible explanation for this is linked to the Brazilian political scenario, which presents an environment of tribal politics and affective polarization.

Resumo: Usando dados municipais em declarações de óbito registrados no Ministério da Saúde e resultados eleitorais do primeiro turno das eleições presidenciais de 2018 e 2022, avaliamos a hipótese de que há associação entre excesso de mortalidade e partidarismo político no Brasil. Dada a postura do ex-presidente brasileiro de desacreditar e negligenciar a gravidade da pandemia, esperamos que haja possivelmente uma relação entre as taxas excessivas de mortalidade durante a crise sanitária da COVID-19 e o número de votos municipais para Bolsonaro. Nossos resultados mostraram que, em ambas as eleições, o percentual de votos municipais no primeiro turno para Bolsonaro foi positivamente associado aos picos de excesso de mortes nos municípios brasileiros em 2020 e 2021. Mesmo com o excesso de mortalidade durante a pandemia, a lealdade política de Bolsonaro não diminuiu durante o segundo período eleitoral em 2022. Uma possível explicação para isso está ligada ao cenário político brasileiro, que vive um ambiente de política tribal e polarização afetiva.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on cataract surgery by residents who had mandatory surgical simulator training during residency. Methods: In this retrospective, observational analytical study, the total number of cataract surgeries and surgical complications by all senior residents of 2019 (2019 class; prepandemic) and 2020 (2020 class; affected by the reduced number of elective surgeries due to the COVID-19 pandemic) were collected and compared. All residents had routine mandatory cataract surgery training on a virtual surgical simulator during residency. The total score obtained by these residents on cataract challenges of the surgical simulator was also evaluated. Results: The 2020 and 2019 classes performed 1275 and 2561 cataract surgeries, respectively. This revealed a reduction of 50.2% in the total number of procedures performed by the 2020 class because of the pandemic. The incidence of surgical complications was not statistically different between the two groups (4.2% in the 2019 class and 4.9% in the 2020 class; p=0.314). Both groups also did not differ in their mean scores on the simulator’s cataract challenges (p<0.696). Conclusion: Despite the reduction of 50.2% in the total number of cataract surgeries performed by senior residents of 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of surgical complications did not increase. This suggests that surgical simulator training during residency mitigated the negative effects of the reduced surgical volume during the pandemic. Purpose 201 COVID19 COVID 19 (COVID-19 Methods retrospective study (201 prepandemic 202 (202 COVID-1 compared evaluated Results 127 256 respectively 502 50 2 50.2 4.2% 42 4 (4.2 49 9 4.9 p=0.314. p0314 p p=0.314 . 0 314 p=0.314) simulators s p<0.696. p0696 p<0.696 696 (p<0.696) Conclusion increase 20 COVID1 1 (COVID-1 (20 COVID- 12 25 5 50. 4.2 (4. 4. p031 p=0.31 31 p069 p<0.69 69 (p<0.696 (COVID- (2 (4 p03 p=0.3 3 p06 p<0.6 6 (p<0.69 (COVID ( p0 p=0. p<0. (p<0.6 p=0 p<0 (p<0. p= p< (p<0 (p< (p

Lipases have been used in industrial processes as biocatalysts for transesterification reactions. The synergism between enzymes and magnetic properties may be reached by using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as support to immobilize them in aggregate structures, denominated by magnetic crosslinked enzyme aggregates (MCLEA). One of the advantages of such supports is the possibility of using magnetic separation for enzyme recovery, reducing costs and allowing reuse in continuous systems. Here, porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) was immobilized onto functionalized magnetite support (Fe3O4-APTS) with a protein binding efficiency of 78.84%. Physical and chemical properties of the nanoparticles and immobilized lipase were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XDR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, vibrating sample magnetometer measurements (VSM), and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. The immobilized lipase additionally exhibited improved stability across wide pH and temperature ranges compared with free lipase. The immobilized derivate also attained good reusability, maintaining 61.37% of its initial activity after 6 reaction cycles. Through magnetic behavior and also because of its surface modification to crosslinking the enzyme, the MCLEA produced in this work has enhanced the biocatalytic activities of PPL. reactions MNPs (MNPs structures MCLEA. . (MCLEA) recovery systems Here PPL (PPL Fe3O4APTS FeOAPTS Fe3O4 APTS Fe O (Fe3O4-APTS 7884 78 84 78.84% Xray X ray XDR, XDR , (XDR) TEM, TEM (TEM) FTIR, FTIR (FTIR) DLS, DLS (DLS) potential VSM, VSM (VSM) reusability 6137 61 37 61.37 cycles (MCLEA FeO Fe3O 788 7 8 78.84 (XDR (TEM (FTIR (DLS (VSM 613 3 61.3 78.8 61. 78.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNp) were deposited on highly porous TiO2 surfaces by the dripping of a colloidal AgNp solution to provide antimicrobial activity. Micro-porous TiO2 surfaces were obtained on commercially pure titanium by micro-arc oxidation in an electrolyte containing Ca and P precursors. In addition, as silver can be toxic to cells, these surfaces were uniformly covered with the biocompatible and bioresorbable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) polymer by electrospinning, aiming at promoting a controlled release of silver ions to the medium. The resulting AgNp-containing surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and in vitro assays were performed to evaluate their antimicrobial activity and bioactivity. Tests revealed that the surfaces showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with better results for the surfaces without PLA. However, all the surfaces presented good biocompatibility in assays with mouse MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts, and greater cell differentiation for the polymer-coated surfaces. Finally, the PLA ultrafine fibers electrospun on the TiO2/AgNp surfaces allowed a controlled release of silver ions in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) medium. (AgNp TiO Microporous Micro microarc micro arc precursors addition cells polylactic poly lactic acid (PLA electrospinning medium AgNpcontaining SEM, SEM , (SEM) EDS (EDS Xray X ray XRD, XRD (XRD) bioactivity aureus However MC3T3E1 MCTE MC3T3 E1 MC T E MC3T3-E preosteoblasts, preosteoblasts pre osteoblasts, osteoblasts pre-osteoblasts polymercoated coated Finally TiO2AgNp TiOAgNp phosphatebuffered phosphate buffered PBS (PBS (SEM (XRD MC3T3E MCT MC3T

RESUMO Os grãos imaturos de feijão-caupi são uma rica fonte de proteínas, minerais, fibra alimentar e compostos fenólicos e também possuem alta capacidade antioxidante em comparação aos grãos secos. O seu consumo promove uma alimentação saudável e diversificada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o tempo de cozimento e a composição química e mineral de grãos imaturos crus e cozidos de diferentes genótipos de feijão-caupi. Foram analisados quatro genótipos, duas linhagens elite (MNC00-595F-27 e MNC05847B-123) e duas cultivares comerciais (BRS-Tumucumaque e Vagem Roxa-THE). O tempo de cozimento foi avaliado utilizando-se o cozedor de Mattson. Foram determinados a composição centesimal e minerais. Adotou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três repetições em esquema fatorial 1 (genótipo) × 2 (grãos crus e cozidos), exceto para qualidade de cozimento. Os genótipos MNC05847B-123 e BRS-Tumucumaque diferiram dos demais genótipos, apresentando cozimento mais rápido do grão imaturo. O cozimento aumentou o teor de umidade e reduziu o teor de cinzas, lipídios, proteínas e carboidratos e o valor energético total. As linhagens MNC05-847B-123 e MNC00-595F-27 apresentaram teores de nutrientes da composição centesimal mais altos após o cozimento que a cultivar local Vagem Roxa-THE, exceto para o teor de umidade. O teor de minerais diminuiu após o cozimento, sendo que os teores de Fe, Zn e Mn tiveram as menores perdas com o processamento térmico. As linhagens MNC05-847B-123 e MNC00595F-27, mesmo com perdas após o processamento térmico do grão imaturo, apresentam potencial nutricional como cultivares para o mercado de feijão verde. feijãocaupi caupi secos diversificada feijãocaupi. caupi. MNC00595F27 MNCF MNC00 595F 27 MNC F (MNC00-595F-2 MNC05847B123 MNCB MNC05847B 123 B BRSTumucumaque BRS Tumucumaque RoxaTHE. RoxaTHE Roxa THE . Roxa-THE) utilizandose utilizando se Mattson Adotouse Adotou genótipo (genótipo cozidos, , cozidos) MNC05847B-12 imaturo cinzas lipídios total MNC05 847B MNC05-847B-12 MNC00-595F-2 RoxaTHE, THE, Roxa-THE Fe MNC00595F27, MNC00595F 27, MNC00595F-27 verde MNC00595F2 MNC0 (MNC00-595F- MNC05847B12 12 MNC05847B-1 MNC05-847B-1 MNC00-595F- MNC00595F-2 (MNC00-595F MNC05847B1 MNC05847B- MNC05-847B- MNC00-595F MNC00595F- MNC05-847B

ABSTRACT Immature cowpea grains are a rich source of proteins, minerals, dietary fiber, and phenolic compounds and also have a high antioxidant capacity compared to dry grains. Its consumption promotes a healthy and diversified diet. The objective of this work was to evaluate the cooking time and chemical and mineral composition of the raw and cooked immature grains of different cowpea genotypes. Four genotypes, two elite lines (MNC00-595F-27 and MNC05-847B-123) and two commercial cultivars (BRSTumucumaque and Vagem Roxa-THE) were analyzed. Cooking time was evaluated using the Mattson cooker. Proximate composition and minerals were determined. A completely randomized design with three replications in factorial scheme 1 (genotype) × 2 (raw and cooked grains) was adopted, except for cooking quality. The genotypes MNC05-847B-123 and BRS-Tumucumaque differed from the other genotypes, presenting faster cooking of the immature grain. Cooking increased the moisture content and reduced ash, lipid, protein, and carbohydrates contents and total energy value. The lines MNC05-847B-123 and MNC00-595F-27 showed higher contents of the nutrients of the centesimal composition after cooking than the local cultivar Vagem Roxa-THE, except for the moisture content. The mineral content decreased after cooking, with Fe, Zn, and Mn contents having the least losses with thermal processing. The lines MNC05-847B-123 and MNC00-595F-27, even with losses after the thermal processing of the immature grain, have nutritional potential as cultivars for the green-bean market. proteins fiber diet MNC00595F27 MNCF MNC00 595F 27 MNC F (MNC00-595F-2 MNC05847B123 MNCB MNC05 847B 123 B BRSTumucumaque RoxaTHE Roxa THE Roxa-THE analyzed cooker determined genotype (genotype adopted quality MNC05-847B-12 BRS Tumucumaque grain ash lipid protein value MNC00-595F-2 RoxaTHE, THE, Fe Zn MNC00595F27, 27, greenbean green bean market MNC00595F2 MNC0 (MNC00-595F- MNC05847B12 12 MNC05-847B-1 MNC00-595F- MNC00595F (MNC00-595F MNC05847B1 MNC05-847B- MNC00-595F MNC05847B MNC05-847B

Abstract Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers. seeds are protein sources with health and environmental benefits. In this research, proteins with lectin activity were identified in a protein fraction from S. virgata seeds (PFLA), as well its antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials, in addition to cytotoxic effects. To obtain PFLA, seed flour was homogenized in Glycine-NaOH (100 mM; pH 9.0; NaCl 150 mM) and precipitated in ammonium sulfate. PFLA concentrates bioactive lectins (32 HU/mL, 480 HU/gFa, 18.862 HU/mgP) and essential amino acids (13.36 g/100g protein). PFLA exerts antioxidant activity, acting as a promising metal chelating agent (~77% of activity). Analyzes of cell culture assay results suggest that antioxidant activity of PFLA may be associated with the recruitment of essential molecules to prevent the metabolic impairment of cells exposed to oxidative stress. PFLA (256 – 512 µg/mL) also exhibits antifungal activity, inhibiting the growth of Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Penicillium citrinum. Cytotoxic analysis indicates a tendency of low interference in the proliferation of 3T3 and HepG2 cells in the range of PFLA concentrations with biological activity. These findings support the notion that PFLA is a promising adjuvant to be applied in current policies on the management of metal ion chelation and fungal infections. Cav. Cav (Cav. Pers benefits research S , (PFLA) potentials effects GlycineNaOH Glycine NaOH 100 (10 mM 9.0 90 9 0 15 sulfate 32 (3 HUmL HU mL HU/mL 48 HUgFa gFa HU/gFa 18862 18 862 18.86 HU/mgP HUmgP mgP 13.36 1336 13 36 (13.3 g100g gg g 100g protein. . protein) ~77% 77 (~77 activity) stress 256 (25 51 µg/mL µgmL µg flavus albicans citrinum T 3T HepG infections (Cav (PFLA 10 (1 9. 1 3 ( 4 1886 86 18.8 13.3 133 (13. ~77 7 (~7 25 (2 5 188 8 18. 13. (13 ~7 (~ 2 ~

RESUMO O desempenho positivo de diferentes cultivares ao déficit hídrico está diretamente correlacionado com o aumento da produção de biomassa, com reflexos na garantia da sustentabilidade do sistema. Objetivou-se com esse estudo avaliar a produção e valor nutritivo de quatro cultivares de milheto em comparação com o milho e sorgo, sob duas condições de fornecimento de água (simulando uma condição de déficit hídrico e uma condição normal). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso (DIC), com 6 cultivares, 2 níveis de irrigação e 4 repetições, totalizando 48 unidades experimentais. Ao final de 12 semanas após a semeadura, foram realizadas as avaliações biométricas e bromatológicas. Com base nos resultados, os milhetos ADR300, ADR500, BRS1501 e ADRf6010 se apresentaram promissores e são alternativas interessantes a serem exploradas por produtores para silagem em períodos mais críticos ao déficit hídrico. Dentre os milhetos, o ADRf6010 apresentou desempenho semelhante quando comparado com o milho e sorgo, comumente utilizados no Brasil como forragem, indicando ser a melhor alternativa para a formação de silagem. biomassa sistema Objetivouse Objetivou sorgo simulando normal. normal . normal) DIC, DIC , (DIC) repetições experimentais 1 semeadura bromatológicas resultados ADR300 ADR ADR500 BRS BRS150 ADRf ADRf601 forragem (DIC ADR30 ADR50 BRS15 ADRf60 ADR3 ADR5 BRS1 ADRf6

ABSTRACT The positive performance of different cultivars in relation to a water deficit is directly correlated with an increase in biomass production, with repercussions for ensuring system sustainability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production and nutritional value of four millet genotypes in comparison with that of corn and sorghum under two water supply conditions (simulated water deficit and normal conditions). This experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD), with six cultivars, two irrigation levels, and four replicates, totaling 48 experimental units. At the end of 12 weeks after sowing, biometric and bromatological evaluations were conducted. Based on these results, pearl millet ADR300, ADR500, BRS1501, and ADRf6010 showed promise and are interesting alternatives to be explored by silage producers in more critical water deficit periods. Among millets, ADRf6010 performed similarly to corn and sorghum, which are commonly used in Brazil as forage, indicating that it is the best alternative for silage formation. sustainability simulated conditions. . conditions) CRD, CRD , (CRD) levels replicates 4 units 1 sowing results ADR300 ADR ADR500 BRS1501 BRS ADRf ADRf601 periods millets forage formation (CRD ADR30 ADR50 BRS150 ADRf60 ADR3 ADR5 BRS15 ADRf6 BRS1

ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the effect of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on cataract surgery by residents who had mandatory surgical simulator training during residency. Methods: In this retrospective, observational analytical study, the total number of cataract surgeries and surgical complications by all senior residents of 2019 (2019 class; prepandemic) and 2020 (2020 class; affected by the reduced number of elective surgeries due to the COVID-19 pandemic) were collected and compared. All residents had routine mandatory cataract surgery training on a virtual surgical simulator during residency. The total score obtained by these residents on cataract challenges of the surgical simulator was also evaluated. Results: The 2020 and 2019 classes performed 1275 and 2561 cataract surgeries, respectively. This revealed a reduction of 50.2% in the total number of procedures performed by the 2020 class because of the pandemic. The incidence of surgical complications was not statistically different between the two groups (4.2% in the 2019 class and 4.9% in the 2020 class; p=0.314). Both groups also did not differ in their mean scores on the simulator’s cataract challenges (p<0.696). Conclusion: Despite the reduction of 50.2% in the total number of cataract surgeries performed by senior residents of 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of surgical complications did not increase. This suggests that surgical simulator training during residency mitigated the negative effects of the reduced surgical volume during the pandemic. Purpose 201 COVID19 COVID 19 (COVID-19 Methods retrospective study (201 prepandemic 202 (202 COVID-1 compared evaluated Results 127 256 respectively 502 50 2 50.2 4.2% 42 4 (4.2 49 9 4.9 p=0.314. p0314 p p=0.314 . 0 314 p=0.314) simulators s p<0.696. p0696 p<0.696 696 (p<0.696) Conclusion increase 20 COVID1 1 (COVID-1 (20 COVID- 12 25 5 50. 4.2 (4. 4. p031 p=0.31 31 p069 p<0.69 69 (p<0.696 (COVID- (2 (4 p03 p=0.3 3 p06 p<0.6 6 (p<0.69 (COVID ( p0 p=0. p<0. (p<0.6 p=0 p<0 (p<0. p= p< (p<0 (p< (p

Resumo O presente estudo buscou avaliar o potencial antimicrobiano e antiaderente do óleo essencial de Eucalipto radiata frente às cepas de veiculação alimentar de Escherichia coli. O estudo foi realizado usando a Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM). Além disso, a técnica de difusão em disco foi usada para avaliar a associação do óleo essencial de Eucalipto radiata com antimicrobianos sintéticos. A Concentração Inibitória Mínima de Aderência (CIMA) também foi realizada. Os resultados revelaram que E. radiata apresentou atividade antimicrobiana contra as cepas de E. coli testadas, com valores de CIM variando entre 500 μg/mL a 1000 μg/mL e valores de CBM variando entre 500 μg/mL a 1,024 μg/mL. Quanto às associações, observou-se que o óleo de E. radiata exibiu efeito sinérgico para alguns antibióticos, sobretudo a Ceftriaxona, apresentando maior interferência do óleo essencial. Além disso, foi eficaz na inibição a aderência das cepas bacterianas de E. coli, mostrando um efeito antibiofilme mais significativo que o agente antibacteriano digluconato de clorexidina a 0.12%. Em resumo, o óleo essencial de E. radiata apresentou potencial antimicrobiano contra cepas de E. coli de origem alimentar, podendo assim, mediante estudos aprofundados, ser utilizado isoladamente ou em associação com antimicrobianos sintéticos para combater infecções causadas por esse patógeno. (CIM CBM. . (CBM) disso CIMA (CIMA realizada E testadas 50 μgmL μg mL 100 1024 1 024 1,02 associações observouse observou se antibióticos Ceftriaxona 012 0 12 0.12% resumo assim aprofundados patógeno (CBM 5 10 102 02 1,0 01 0.12 1, 0.1 0.

Abstract The present study sought to evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-adherent potential of Eucalyptus radiata essential oil against food-borne strains of Escherichia coli. The study was performed using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). In addition, the disk diffusion technique was used to evaluate the association of Eucalyptus radiata essential oil with synthetic antimicrobials. The Minimum Inhibitory Adherence Concentration (MIC) was also performed. The results revealed that E. radiata showed antimicrobial activity against the E. coli strains tested, with MIC values ranging from 500 μg/mL to 1000 μg/mL and MBC values ranging from 500 μg/mL to 1,024 μg/mL. As for the associations, it was observed that E. radiata oil exhibited a synergistic effect for some antibiotics, especially Ceftriaxone, with greater interference from the essential oil. Furthermore, it was effective in inhibiting the adherence of bacterial strains of E. coli, showing a more significant antibiofilm effect than the antibacterial agent 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate. In summary, the essential oil of E. radiata showed antimicrobial potential against strains of E. coli of food origin, and can therefore, through in-depth studies, be used alone or in association with synthetic antimicrobials to combat infections caused by this pathogen. antiadherent anti adherent foodborne borne (MIC MBC. . (MBC) addition E tested 50 μgmL μg mL 100 1024 1 024 1,02 associations antibiotics Ceftriaxone Furthermore 012 0 12 0.12 digluconate summary origin therefore indepth depth studies pathogen (MBC 5 10 102 02 1,0 01 0.1 1, 0.

Abstract This paper presents a numerical study and the optimization of very short discrete multi-pump Raman amplifiers using Tellurite-based optical fibers. While most studies about discrete Raman amplifiers usually focus on cases where hundreds of meters of fiber are used, here we consider a multi-pumped Raman amplifier setup with extremely short dimensions, in which the length of the gain media was varied from 2.5 to 30 meters. The optimization process was developed over an broad amplification band from 1520 to 1600 nm, considering a maximum acceptable ripple of 3 dB, and using 2, 3 and 4 pumps with individual powers always below 2.5 W. The results show that it is possible to achieve net gains as high as 10 dB for gain media around 20 meters, and close to 15 dB for 30 meters. These high gains highlight the fact that Tellurite-based optical fibers can be used for the construction of very short and compact broadband amplifiers using just a few pump lasers with modest optical powers. multipump multi Telluritebased Tellurite based multipumped pumped dimensions 25 2 5 2. 152 160 nm W 1 16

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were grafted with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) chains, by means of the grafting from route, using the TEMED/KPS redox pair as free-radical initiators. The confirmation of grafting was revealed by 13C NMR spectra. In a test with murine macrophages (RAW 264.7 cell line), CNC-g-PNIPAM copolymers did not affect cell viability nor RAW cell oxide nitric production. Raw cells exposed to oxidative stress induced by H2O2 decreased the cell viability (~ 60%) and increased lipid peroxidation, as revealed by malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. The most effective protection against the oxidative damage, with cell viability of 100%, was provided by 50 µg mL−1 of CNC-g-PNIPAM synthesized with 1:1 CNC:NIPAM mass ratio. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the levels of GSH, MDA and SOD between cells treated with the modified CNC and cells not exposed to peroxide. These results indicate that the antioxidant properties of CNC-g-PNIPAM may be useful in possible applications in health treatments. CNCs (CNCs polyNisopropylacrylamide poly N isopropylacrylamide poly(N-isopropylacrylamide PNIPAM (PNIPAM chains route TEMEDKPS TEMED KPS freeradical free radical initiators C spectra 2647 264 7 264. line, line , line) CNCgPNIPAM g production HO H O H2O ~ ( 60% 60 peroxidation MDA, (MDA) GSH (GSH (SOD damage 100 100% 5 mL1 mL 1 mL− 11 1: CNCNIPAM NIPAM ratio Furthermore peroxide treatments 26 6 (MDA 10 2