Search | SciELO

Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604 1034 downloads

A systematic review of East African-Indian family of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Brazil
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Duarte, Tonya Azevedo

; Nery, Joilda Silva

; Boechat, Neio

; Pereira, Susan Martins

; Simonsen, Vera

; Oliveira, Martha

; Gomes, Maria Gabriela Miranda

; Penha-Gonçalves, Carlos

; Barreto, Mauricio Lima

; Barbosa, Theolis

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

jun 2017, Volume 21 N. 3 Pages 317 - 324

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction: The Mycobacterium tuberculosis East African-Indian (EAI) spoligotyping family (belonging to lineage 1, Indo-Oceanic, defined by the region of deletion RD239) is distributed worldwide, but is more prevalent in Southeast Asia, India, and East Africa. Studies in Latin America have rarely identified EAI. In this study, we describe the occurrence of the EAI family in Brazil. Methods: EAI was identified in a systematic literature review of genetic diversity studies pertaining to M. tuberculosis in Brazil, as well as in a survey conducted in Salvador, Bahia, located in the northeastern region of this country. Results: The EAI6-BGD1 spoligotyping family and the EAI5 Spoligotype International Type (SIT) 1983 clade were the most frequently reported, with wide distribution of this particular clade described in Brazil. The distribution of other EAI spoligotyping patterns with broader worldwide distribution was restricted to the southeastern region of the country. Conclusions: EAI may be endemic at a low frequency in Brazil, with some clades indicating increased fitness with respect to this population.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2017.01.005 1035 downloads

Fatores associados ao acesso geográfico aos serviços de saúde por pessoas com tuberculose em três capitais do Nordeste brasileiro
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Souza, Márcia São Pedro Leal

; Aquino, Rosana

; Pereira, Susan M.

; Costa, Maria da Conceição Nascimento

; Barreto, Mauricio Lima

; Natividade, Marcio

; Ximenes, Ricardo

; Souza, Wayner

; Dantas, Odimariles Maria

; Braga, José Ueleres

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

jan 2015, Volume 31 N. 1 Pages 111 - 120

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar fatores associados ao acesso geográfico aos serviços de saúde por portadores de tuberculose em três capitais do Nordeste do Brasil. A amostra foi composta por casos novos de tuberculose, notificados em 2007. Foram utilizados dados provenientes do Sistema de Informação sobre Agravos de Notificação, e do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimento de Saúde. Os endereços dos domicílios e das unidades de saúde foram georreferenciados e, utilizando a distância entre o domicílio e a unidade de atendimento de cada caso, foi considerado acesso dificultado quando esta distância foi maior do que 800 metros. Foram estimadas as razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada por meio de regressão de Poisson. Verificou-se que após ajuste com as variáveis estudadas, apenas a variável unidade básica, em Salvador, Bahia (RP = 0,75; IC95%: 0,720-0,794) e em Recife, Pernambuco (RP = 0,402; IC95%: 0,318-0,508), manteve associação com o acesso dificultado. O estudo concluiu que a descentralização do atendimento em unidade básica pode contribuir com a melhoria do acesso aos serviços de saúde.

The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with geographic access to health services by tuberculosis patients in three State capitals in Northeast Brazil. The sample consisted of new tuberculosis cases reported in 2007. The study used data from the Information System on Notifiable Diseases and the National Registry of Healthcare Organizations. Addresses of households and health services were geocoded, and difficult access was defined as a distance greater than 800 meters from the household to the health service. Crude prevalence ratios were estimated, as well as adjusted prevalence ratios using Poisson regression. After adjusting the study variables, the only variable that remained associated with difficult access was primary healthcare units in Salvador, Bahia State (PR = 0.75; 95%CI: 0.720-0.794) and in Recife, Pernambuco State (PR = 0.402; 95%CI: 0.318-0.508). The study concluded that decentralization of primary care can help improve access to health services.

El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los factores asociados con el acceso geográfico a los servicios de salud para pacientes con tuberculosis en tres capitales del Nordeste. La muestra constó de nuevos casos de tuberculosis en 2007. El estudio usó datos del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Notificación Obligatoria y del Registro Nacional de Establecimientos de Salud. Las direcciones de los hogares y establecimientos de salud fueron geocodificados y, utilizando la distancia entre el hogar y la unidad de cuidados en cada caso, se consideró de difícil acceso cuando esta distancia era mayor de 800 metros. Se calcularon los cocientes de brutos y ajustados mediante la regresión de Poisson por razones de prevalencia. Se encontró que después de ajustar las variables estudiadas, sólo la unidad variable básica en Salvador (RP = 0,75; IC95%: 0.720-0.794) y Recife (OR = 0,402; IC95%: 0,318-0,508) se mantuvieron asociadas con difícil acceso. La conclusión es que la descentralización de la atención en las unidades básicas de atención puede contribuir a la mejora del acceso a los servicios de salud.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00000414 2836 downloads

Fatores associados ao acesso geográfico aos serviços de saúde por pessoas com tuberculose em três capitais do Nordeste brasileiro
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Souza, Márcia São Pedro Leal

; Aquino, Rosana

; Pereira, Susan M.

; Costa, Maria da Conceição Nascimento

; Barreto, Mauricio Lima

; Natividade, Marcio

; Ximenes, Ricardo

; Souza, Wayner

; Dantas, Odimariles Maria

; Braga, José Ueleres

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

jan 2015, Volume 31 N. 1 Pages 111 - 120

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00000414 3524 downloads

Tuberculosis and living conditions in Salvador, Brazil: a spatial analysis
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Erazo, Carlos

; Pereira, Susan M.

; Costa, Maria da Conceição N.

; Evangelista-Filho, Delsuc

; Braga, José Ueleres

; Barreto, Mauricio L.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

jul 2014, Volume 36 N. 1 Pages 24 - 30

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

OBJECTIVE: To investigate spatial tuberculosis (TB) distribution patterns and the association between living conditions and incidence of the disease in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. METHODS: An ecological study with neighborhood as the unit of analysis. Data was collected from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, SINAN) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, IBGE). Rates of TB incidence were transformed and smoothed. Spatial analysis was applied to identify spatial auto-correlation and "hotspot" areas of high and low risk. The relationship between TB and living conditions was confirmed by spatial linear regression. RESULTS: The incidence of TB in Salvador displayed heterogeneous patterns, with higher rates occurring in neighborhoods with poor living conditions in 1995 - 1996. Over the study period, disease occurrence declined, particularly in less-privileged strata. In 2004 - 2005, the association between living conditions and TB was no longer observed. CONCLUSIONS: The heterogeneous spatial distribution of TB in Salvador previously reflected inequalities related to living conditions. Improvements in such conditions and health care for the less privileged may have contributed to observed changes.

OBJETIVO: Investigar las pautas de distribución espacial de la tuberculosis (TB) y la asociación de las condiciones de vida con la incidencia de esta enfermedad en Salvador, estado de Bahía (Brasil). MÉTODOS: Estudio ecológico que tomó el vecindario como unidad de análisis. Se recopilaron datos del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Notificación Obligatoria (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, SINAN) y el Instituto Brasileño de Geografía y Estadística (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, IBGE). Se transformaron y suavizaron las tasas de incidencia de la TB. Se aplicó análisis espacial para establecer la autocorrelación espacial y las áreas "conflictivas" de alto y bajo riesgo. Se confirmó la relación entre la TB y las condiciones de vida mediante regresión lineal espacial. RESULTADOS: La incidencia de la TB en Salvador mostró modelos heterogéneos, con tasas mayores en los vecindarios cuyas condiciones de vida eran desfavorables en 1995 y 1996. A lo largo del período de estudio, disminuyó la aparición de nuevos casos de la enfermedad, en particular en los estratos menos privilegiados. En el 2004 y el 2005, ya no se observó la asociación entre TB y condiciones de vida. CONCLUSIONES: La distribución espacial heterogénea de la tuberculosis en Salvador reflejaba anteriormente las desigualdades relacionadas con las condiciones de vida. Las mejoras de dichas condiciones y la atención de salud dirigida a los menos privilegiados pueden haber contribuido a los cambios observados.

3010 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

Desigualdades sociais e cobertura vacinal na cidade de Salvador, Bahia
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Barata, Rita Barradas

; Pereira, Susan M.

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

jun 2013, Volume 16 N. 2 Pages 266 - 277

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivo: Estimar as coberturas vacinais alcançadas em crianças nascidas na cidade de Salvador, analisando essas coberturas por condições socioeconômicas. Método: Foi realizado um inquérito domiciliar sobre cobertura vacinal, na cidade de Salvador, capital do Estado da Bahia, Nordeste do Brasil, sendo incluídas crianças nascidas em 2005, que no momento do estudo apresentavam 18 a 36 meses de idade. Foi realizada amostragem por conglomerados em múltiplas etapas. Os setores censitários foram estratificados utilizando-se dados do censo demográfico realizado em 2000. Foram coletados dados socioeconômicos dos domicílios. O tamanho da amostra foi definido a partir de metodologia específica para inquéritos de cobertura vacinal. O questionário foi aplicado tomando por base as informações constantes na caderneta de vacinação. Foi estimada a cobertura vacinal nos diversos estratos considerando o plano complexo de amostragem, ponderando as observações segundo a fração amostral, as perdas e o efeito do desenho. Resultados: Observou-se desigualdade socioeconômica nos diversos estratos, com um gradiente diretamente proporcional entre cobertura vacinal e nível socioeconômico. As diferenças mostram-se estatisticamente significantes entre os estratos D e E comparado ao estrato A. Em relação ao esquema completo, as crianças residentes nos estratos D e E apresentam cobertura significantemente menor que aquelas residentes no estrato B. Para vacinas não incluídas no esquema básico, as diferenças são muito acentuadas, sendo inferior a 3% nos estratos D e E. Conclusões: A cobertura vacinal pelo esquema completo ao final dos 18 meses de idade, com doses válidas, foi insatisfatória e foram observadas heterogeneidades entre os estratos socioeconômicos com pior cobertura nos grupos mais pobres.

Objective: To estimate the vaccination coverage in children born in the city of Salvador, analyzing these coverages by socioeconomic conditions. Method: A household survey on vaccination coverage was conducted with children born in 2005, in Salvador, Bahia, northeastern Brazil, who were aged between 18 to 36 months at the time of this study. Cluster sampling was performed in multiple stages. Census tracts were stratified using data from the national census conducted in 2000. Data was collected on socio-economic households. The sample size was defined by a specific methodology developed for immunization coverage surveys. The questionnaire was based upon the information contained in the vaccination cards. The estimated vaccination coverage in the various strata considered the sampling complex plan, weighting the observations according to the sampling fraction, the losses and the design effect. Results: There was inequality in the socioeconomic strata analyzed, where the coverage rate was directly proportional to socioeconomic status. Strata D and E showed statistically significant differences when compared to stratum A. Regarding to the complete scheme, children living in strata D and E have significantly less coverage than those residing in strata B. For vaccines not included in the basic scheme, the differences are very marked, showing less than 3% in stratum D and E. Conclusions: Vaccination coverage for the complete schedule at the end of 18 months of age with valid doses, was unsatisfactory and shows significant differences among the socio-economic strata with poor coverage in the poorest groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-790X2013000200004 4219 downloads

Desigualdades sociais e cobertura vacinal na cidade de Salvador, Bahia
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Barata, Rita Barradas

; Pereira, Susan M.

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

jun 2013, Volume 16 N. 2 Pages 266 - 277

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-790X2013000200004 1215 downloads Cited 8 times in SciELO

First insights into the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Silva, Aída Cristina do Nascimento

; Ferrazoli, Lucilaine

; Simonsen, Vera

; Reis, Joice Neves

; Pereira, Susan Martins

; Carmo, Theomira Mauadie de Azevedo

; Mota, Eduardo Luiz Andrade

; Reis, Mitermayer Galvão

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

sep 2011, Volume 27 N. 9 Pages 1859 - 1863

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este é o primeiro estudo realizado na Bahia, Brasil, visando à descrição da estrutura da população genética circulante do Mycobacterium tuberculosis na cidade de Salvador. Um total de 56 casos confirmados de tuberculose pulmonar, identificados entre março e junho de 2008, foi analisado pelo método Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphism (IS6110-RFLP). A população de estudo foi caracterizada como a maioria do sexo masculino (71,43 %), idade acima de 30 anos (68,75%). Quarenta e um isolados (73,21%) com padrão único, enquanto 15 (26,75%) apresentaram padrões agrupáveis, formando seis clusters. A alta taxa de diversidade das cepas de M. tuberculosis observada é mais sugestiva de reativação endógena do que transmissão recente.

This study constitutes a first attempt to describe the genetic population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis circulating in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. A total of 56 confirmed cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, identified between March and June 2008, were analyzed using restriction fragment length polymorphism (IS6110-RFLP). The study population was characterized by a predominance of males (71.43%) over 30 years of age (68.75%). Forty-one isolates were found to belong to a single pattern (73.2%), while 15 (26.7%) were found in group patterns, forming six clusters. The higher level of diversity observed is much more suggestive of endogenous reactivation than recent transmission.

1212 downloads

First insights into the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Silva, Aída Cristina do Nascimento

; Ferrazoli, Lucilaine

; Simonsen, Vera

; Reis, Joice Neves

; Pereira, Susan Martins

; Carmo, Theomira Mauadie de Azevedo

; Mota, Eduardo Luiz Andrade

; Reis, Mitermayer Galvão

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

sep 2011, Volume 27 N. 9 Pages 1859 - 1863

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

1806 downloads

10.

Vacina BCG: eficácia e indicações da vacinação e da revacinação
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Barreto, Mauricio L.

; Pereira, Susan M.

; Ferreira, Arlan A.

Jornal de Pediatria

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

jul 2006, Volume 82 N. 3 Pages s45 - s54

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVOS: Revisar aspectos relacionados ao efeito protetor da primeira e segunda doses da vacina BCG e discutir as suas principais indicações e contra-indicações. FONTES DOS DADOS: Utilizando o PubMed, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura abrangendo um período de, aproximadamente, 50 anos. Os estudos foram agrupados por tipo de desenho, apresentando-se separadamente os principais resultados de ensaios clínicos, estudos de caso-controle e meta-análises. Outros tópicos relevantes, como a BCG e HIV/AIDS, o uso do teste tuberculínico, aspectos relacionados à cicatriz vacinal e ao desenvolvimento de novas vacinas, dentre outros, foram também revistos. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: A vacina BCG é utilizada desde 1921. Apesar disso, ainda apresenta controvérsias e aspectos não esclarecidos. O efeito protetor da primeira dose da vacina BCG contra a tuberculose na forma miliar ou na meningite é bastante significativa. No entanto, em relação à forma pulmonar, os resultados são discordantes, variando de ausência de efeito a níveis próximos a 80%. Há evidências de que uma segunda dose da BCG não aumenta o seu efeito protetor. Estudos demonstram proteção da vacina contra a hanseníase. Pesquisas sobre novas vacinas que, no futuro, poderão vir a substituir a BCG estão sendo realizadas. CONCLUSÕES:Apesar da expectativa de que, no futuro, venhamos a ter uma nova vacina para a tuberculose, no presente e ainda por muitos anos, a vacina BCG, apesar de suas deficiências, mantém-se como um importante instrumento nos esforços para controle dos efeitos danosos da tuberculose, sobretudo em países em que essa doença ocorre em médias e elevadas taxas de incidência.

OBJECTIVES: To review the protective efficacy of the first and second doses of BCG vaccine and to assess its major indications and contraindications. SOURCES OF DATA: A systematic review of the literature was made by searching PubMed and selecting studies carried out in the last 50 years. The studies were grouped according to their design (clinical trials, case-control studies, and meta-analyses) and the results were presented separately for each type of study. Other relevant topics such as BCG and HIV/AIDS, use of tuberculin skin test, issues related to vaccine scars and to the development of new vaccines were also reviewed. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS: BCG vaccine has been used since 1921. However, the data concerning its use are variable and inconsistent. The protective efficacy of the first dose of BCG vaccine against miliary tuberculosis or tuberculous meningitis is remarkably important. Nevertheless, results regarding pulmonary tuberculosis have been inconsistent, either showing no efficacy or a protective efficacy rate around 80%. There is some evidence that a second dose of BCG vaccine does not increase its protective efficacy. Studies have shown that BCG vaccine protects against leprosy. The development of new vaccines to replace BCG in the future has been investigated. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the hope that a new vaccine against tuberculosis will be available in the future, BCG vaccine, in spite of its deficiencies, is today and will still be for many years to come an important tool in controlling the harmful effects of tuberculosis, especially in countries where this disease has moderate to high levels of incidence.

147139 downloads

11.

Abandono del tratamiento de la tuberculosis en Nicaragua: resultados de un estudio comparativo
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Soza Pineda, Norma I.

; Pereira, Susan M.

; Barreto, Maurício L.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

apr 2005, Volume 17 N. 4 Pages 271 - 278

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors related to dropping out from tuberculosis treatment in health centers in the departments of Managua and Matagalpa, in Nicaragua. METHODS: This study matched cases and controls (1:1 ratio) by age and by municipality of treatment. The 251 cases were patients over 15 years of age who had dropped out of tuberculosis treatment, and the 251 controls were patients who had completed pharmacotherapy, during the period of January 1998 to December 2001. Data were obtained on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and treatment characteristics. The variables were chosen and grouped using a hierarchical theoretical model. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS: The risk factors for dropping out of tuberculosis drug treatment were: male gender (OR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.63 to 3.94), an unstable living situation or being homeless (OR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.57 to 6.49), changing residence during the treatment period (OR, 4.22; 95% CI, 2.06 to 9.93), consuming alcoholic beverages (OR, 5.25; 95% CI, 2.43 to 12.94), using illegal drugs (OR, 5.25; 95% CI, 2.43 to 12.94), difficulty in access to the health services (OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.39 to 5.29), and a negative opinion of the health care received (OR, 5.33; 95% CI, 1.52 to 28.56). CONCLUSIONS: It is essential for the health services in Nicaragua to develop measures to reduce the risk of dropout from treatment. In particular, it is important for the health sector to work with community groups that can support the health sector's activities.

OBJETIVO: Identificar factores relacionados con el abandono (deserción) del tratamiento de la tuberculosis en centros de salud de los departamentos de Managua y Matagalpa, en Nicaragua. MÉTODOS: Se diseñó un estudio de casos y testigos pareados por edad y por municipio de tratamiento. Se seleccionaron como casos 251 pacientes mayores de 15 años que abandonaron el tratamiento antituberculoso y como testigos pacientes que concluyeron la farmacoterapia (razón 1:1) durante el periodo de enero de 1998 a diciembre de 2001. Se obtuvieron datos de aspectos demográficos y socioeconómicos, hábitos de vida y características de la atención. Las variables se seleccionaron y agruparon utilizando un modelo teórico jerarquizado. Por medio de un análisis de regresión logística condicional, se estimó la razón de posibilidades (odds ratio, OR), con un intervalo de confianza de 95% (IC95%). RESULTADOS: Son factores de riesgo de abandono de la farmacoterapia antituberculosa: sexo masculino (OR: 2,51; IC 95%: 1,63 a 3,94), residencia inestable o en la calle (OR: 3,08; IC95%: 1,57 a 6,49), cambio de domicilio durante el tratamiento (OR: 4,22; IC95%: 2,06 a 9,93), consumo de bebidas alcohólicas (OR: 5,25; IC95%: 2,43 a 12,94), uso de drogas ilícitas (OR: 5,25; IC95%: 2,43 a 12,94), dificultad de acceso a los servicios de salud (OR: 2,64; IC95%: 1,39 a 5,29) y un concepto negativo de la atención recibida (OR: 5,33; IC95%: 1,52 a 28,56). CONCLUSIÓN: Es indispensable establecer en los servicios de salud medidas que contribuyan a abatir el riesgo de abandono. Es importante recuperar la participación social del sector de la salud mediante acciones comunitarias.

10622 downloads

12.

Quimioprofilaxia na prevenção da tuberculose
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Pineda, Norma I Soza

; Pereira, Susan M.

; Matos, Eliana Dias

; Barreto, Mauricio L

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

aug 2004, Volume 30 N. 4 Pages 395 - 405

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A quimioprofilaxia da tuberculose constitui-se numa medida terapêutica para a prevenção da infecção pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis ou para evitar o desenvolvimento da doença nos indivíduos infectados. Geralmente baseia-se na administração de isoniazida. Entretanto, o uso de rifampicina e pirazinamida vem sendo recentemente introduzido. Este trabalho tem como objetivo revisar os resultados dos principais estudos que avaliaram as indicações da quimioprofilaxia com isoniazida e sua associação com outras drogas, sua efetividade na prevenção da tuberculose considerando os diversos grupos de risco, e as alternativas do uso de outros esquemas. Procedeu-se à revisão sistemática da literatura, com ênfase em ensaios clínicos e meta-análises. Foram consultados também os documentos oficiais. Foram selecionados aqueles estudos que envolveram ensaios clínicos ramdomizados com uso de isoniazida, rifampicina ou pirazinamida em pacientes HIV positivos ou negativos. Concluiu-se que a isoniazida continua sendo efetiva na prevenção da tuberculose na população de indivíduos HIV negativos e de HIV positivos. A dose padrão de 5 a 15 mg/kg/dia tem mostrado proteção similar para períodos de tratamento de seis e doze meses. O risco de desenvolver hepatite foi menor que 1%, sendo recomendada sua utilização com acompanhamento nos indivíduos com idade superior a 35 anos e usuários de álcool. Os estudos com esquemas de tratamento utilizando outros medicamentos não foram conclusivos, sendo necessária a realização de novos estudos para avaliação da efetividade desses esquemas em populações de alto risco de desenvolver tuberculose.

Tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis is a therapeutic measure for the prevention of infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis or to avoid development of the disease in individuals already infected with it. Isoniazid is the most commonly used therapy; however, the use of rifampicin and pyrazinamide has recently been introduced. The objectives of this study were to review the results of the principal studies evaluating the indications for chemoprophylaxis with isoniazid alone and in association with other drugs, its efficacy in the prevention of tuberculosis with respect to the different risk groups and the alternative regimens available. A systematic revision of the medical literature was carried out with particular emphasis on clinical trials and meta-analyses. Official records were also consulted. Those studies involving randomized clinical trials on the use of isoniazid, rifampicin or pyrazinamide in HIV-positive or negative patients were selected. Isoniazid continues to be effective for the prevention of tuberculosis in populations of both HIV-negative and HIV-positive individuals. The standard dose of 5-15 mg/kg/day has shown similar protection over treatment periods ranging from six to twelve months. The risk of developing hepatitis was less than 1%; however monitoring during treatment is recommended in patients over 35 years of age and in users of alcohol. Studies involving treatment regimens with other forms of medication were inconclusive and new studies would have to be performed to evaluate the efficacy of these regimens in populations at high risk of developing tuberculosis.

62377 downloads

13.

II Consenso Brasileiro de Tuberculose: Diretrizes Brasileiras para Tuberculose 2004
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Castelo Filho, Adauto

; Kritski, Afrânio Lineu

; Barreto, Ângela Werneck

; Lemos, Antonio Carlos Moreira

; Netto, Antonio Ruffino

; Guimarães, Carlos Alberto

; Silva, Célio Lopes

; Sant'anna, Clemax do Couto

; Haddad, David Jamil

; Lima, Dinalva Soares

; Matos, Eliana Dias

; Melo, Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz

; Melo, Fernando Augusto Fiúza de

; Gerhardt Filho, Germano

; Marsico, Giovanni Antonio

; Silva, Guida

; Siqueira, Hélio Ribeiro

; Campos, Hisbello

; Saconato, Humberto

; Dourado, Inês

; Rosemberg, José

; Braga, José Ueleres

; Santos, Joseney Raimundo dos

; Seiscento, Márcia

; Conde, Marcus Barreto

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Almeida, Margarida Mattos Brito de

; Penna, Maria Lucia Fernandes

; Barreto, Maurício L.

; Hijjar, Miguel Aiub

; Andrade, Mônica Kramer de Noronha

; Cardoso, Ninarosa Calvazara

; Pineda, Norma Irene Soza

; Leite, Olavo Henrique Munhoz

; Picon, Pedro

; Silva, Rodney Frare e

; Cavalcanti, Solange

; Pereira, Susan M.

; Augusto, Valéria Maria

; Galesi, Vera

; Pinto, Walkyria Pereira

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

jun 2004, Volume 30 Suppl. 1 Pages S57 - S86

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

52855 downloads

14.

Tuberculin reactivity in a population of schoolchildren with high BCG vaccination coverage
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Bierrenbach, Ana L.

; Cunha, Sérgio S.

; Barreto, Maurício L.

; Pereira, Susan M.

; Dourado, Inês

; Ichihara, Maria Y.

; Brito, Silvana C.

; Rodrigues, Laura C.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

may 2003, Volume 13 N. 5 Pages 285 - 293

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of BCG vaccination or revaccination on tuberculin skin test reactivity, in order to guide the correct interpretation of this test in a setting of high neonatal BCG vaccination coverage and an increasing BCG revaccination coverage at school age. METHODS: We conducted tuberculin skin testing and BCG scar reading in 1148 children aged 7-14 years old in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. We measured the positive effect of the presence of one or two BCG scars on the proportion of tuberculin skin test results above different cut-off levels (induration sizes of > 5 mm, > 10 mm, and > 15 mm) and also using several ranges of induration size (0, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, and > 15 mm). We also measured the effects that age, gender, and the school where the child was enrolled had on these proportions. RESULTS: The proportion of tuberculin results > 10 mm was 14.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 8.0%-20.3%) for children with no BCG scar, 21.3% (95% CI = 18.5%-24.1%) for children with one BCG scar, and 45.0% (95% CI = 32.0%-58.0%) for children with two BCG scars. There was evidence for an increasing positive effect of the presence of one and two BCG scars on the proportion of results > 5 mm and > 10 mm. Similarly, there was evidence for an increasing positive effect of the presence of one and two scars on the proportion of tuberculin skin test results in the ranges of 5-9 mm and of 10-14 mm. The BCG scar effect on the proportion of results > 5 mm and > 10 mm did not vary with age. There was no evidence for BCG effect on the results > 15 mm. CONCLUSIONS: In Brazilian schoolchildren, BCG-induced tuberculin reactivity is indistinguishable, for results under 15 mm, from reactivity induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. BCG revaccination at school age increases the degree of BCG-induced tuberculin reactivity found among schoolchildren. This information should be taken into account in tuberculin skin test surveys intended to estimate M. tuberculosis prevalence or to assess transmission patterns as well as in tuberculin skin testing of individuals used as an auxiliary tool in diagnosing tuberculosis. Taking this information into consideration is especially important when there is increasing BCG revaccination coverage.

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la influencia de la vacunación o revacunación con BCG sobre la prueba de reactividad a la tuberculina, con el fin de ayudar a la correcta interpretación de esta prueba en lugares con una amplia cobertura neonatal con la vacuna BCG y una revacunación en edad escolar cada vez más frecuente. MÉTODOS: Se realizaron la prueba cutánea de la tuberculina y la lectura de la cicatriz de la BCG a 1 148 niños de 7 a 14 años de edad de Salvador, Bahía, Brasil. Se evaluó si la presencia de una o dos cicatrices de BCG influía en los resultados de la prueba cutánea de la tuberculina utilizando diferentes puntos de corte (induración > 5 mm, > 10 mm y > 15 mm), y agrupando la induración según su diámetro (0, de 1 a 4 mm, de 5 a 9 mm, de 10 a 14 mm y > 15 mm). También se evaluó si la edad, el sexo o la escuela del niño influyeron sobre los resultados de esta prueba. RESULTADOS: La induración cutánea provocada por la prueba de la tuberculina resultó > 10 mm en 14,2% de los casos (intervalo de confianza de 95% [IC 95%\: 8,0 a 20,3%) en niños sin cicatriz de BCG; 21,3% (IC 95%: 18,5 a 24,1%) en niños con una cicatriz de BCG; y 45,0% (IC 95%: 32,0 a 58,0%) en niños con dos cicatrices de BCG. Se evidenció que la presencia de una o dos cicatrices de BCG aumentó la proporción de resultados > 5 mm y > 10 mm. Este efecto también se evidenció en la proporción de resultados de las pruebas cutáneas de la tuberculina de 5 a 9 mm y de 10 a 14 mm de diámetro. El efecto de las cicatrices de BCG sobre la proporción de resultados > 5 mm y > 10 mm no varió con la edad. No se hallaron indicios de que la vacunación previa con BCG influyera cuando el diámetro resultó > 15 mm. CONCLUSIONES: En los escolares brasileños, la reactividad tuberculínica inducida por la vacunación con BCG < 15 mm no puede distinguirse de la reactividad causada por la infección por Mycobacterium tuberculosis. La revacunación durante la edad escolar aumenta la reactividad tuberculínica provocada por la vacunación inicial. Estos resultados deben tomarse en consideración al utilizar la prueba cutánea de la tuberculina para estimar la prevalencia de M. tuberculosis o determinar los patrones de transmisión, así como al emplear esta prueba como herramienta auxiliar en el diagnóstico de la tuberculosis. Estos resultados son de especial importancia frente a la creciente ampliación de la cobertura de la revacunación con BCG.

2809 downloads

Showing

itens per page

Page of 1 Next

Select one or more results

All Alphabetic

Results

Comparative chart Download CSV

Statistics of

Send result

To*

Use ; (semicolon) to insert more emails.

Send to email

This page

Selected records

All references (max. 300)

Your email

Subject

Comments

Export format:

RIS (for EndNote, ProCite, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Citavi, etc.)

BibTeX

Citation

CSV (for Excel, etc)

Export:

This page

Selected itens

All references (max. 2000)

Sem resultados

No documents were found for your search

Glossary and search help

You can enrich your search in a very simple way. Use the search indexes combined with the connectors (AND or OR) and specify more your search.

For example, if you want to search for articles about
cases of dengue in Brasil in 2015, use:
ti:dengue and publication_year:2015 and aff_country:Brasil

See below the complete list of search indexes that can be used:

Index code	Element
ti	article title
au	author
kw	article keywords
subject	subject (title words, abstract and keywords)
ab	abstract
ta	journal short title (e.g. Cad. Saúde Pública)
journal_title	journal full title (e.g. Cadernos de Saúde Pública)
la	publication language code (e.g. pt - Portuguese, es - Spanish)
type	document type
pid	publication identifier
publication_year	publication year of publication
sponsor	sponsor
aff_country	country code of the author's affiliation
aff_institution	author affiliation institution
volume	article volume
issue	article issue
elocation	elocation
doi	DOI number
issn	journal ISSN
in	SciELO colection code (e.g. scl - Brasil, col - Colômbia)
use_license	article usage license code

SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online
Rua Dr. Diogo de Faria, 1087 – 9º andar – Vila Clementino 04037-003 São Paulo/SP - Brasil
Email: scielo@scielo.org

All the contents of this site www.scielo.br, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.
more »