Abstract Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of linezolid and vancomycin for the treatment of nosocomial infections in children under 12 years old. Data sources: This is a systematic review in which five randomized clinical trials about the effectiveness of linezolid and vancomycin, involving a total of 429 children with nosocomial infections, were evaluated. They were searched in scientific databases: PubMed, Bvs, and SciELO. Summary of findings: The main nosocomial infections that affected children were bacteremia, skin, and soft tissue infections followed by nosocomial pneumonia. Most infections were caused by Gram-positive bacteria, which all studies showed infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, with methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci strains being isolated. Both linezolid and vancomycin showed high therapeutic efficacy against different types of nosocomial infections, ranging from 84.4% to 94% for linezolid and 76.9% to 90% for vancomycin. Patients receiving linezolid had lower rates of rash and red man syndrome compared to those receiving vancomycin. However, despite the adverse reactions, antimicrobials can be safely administered to children to treat nosocomial infections caused by resistant Gram-positive bacteria. Conclusion: Both linezolid and vancomycin showed good efficacy in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by resistant Gram-positive bacteria in hospitalized children. However, linezolid stands out regarding its pharmacological safety. Importantly, to strengthen this conclusion, further clinical trials are needed to provide additional evidence. Objective 1 old sources 42 evaluated databases PubMed Bvs SciELO findings bacteremia skin pneumonia Grampositive Gram positive methicillinresistant methicillin S MRSA (MRSA coagulasenegative coagulase negative isolated 844 84 4 84.4 94 769 76 9 76.9 90 However reactions Conclusion safety Importantly conclusion evidence 8 84. 7 76.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Specific types of violence such as intimate partner sexual violence and intimate partner homicide occur more frequently in rural areas. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the knowledge and attitudes of rural healthcare providers regarding cases of domestic violence against women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review developed at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. METHODS: We conducted an electronic search of six databases, which only included observational studies, regardless of the year, language, or country of publication, except for studies that used secondary data and were exclusively qualitative. Two reviewers performed the selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using a specific Joanna Briggs Institute tool. RESULTS: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. All the studies had a low risk of bias. Approximately 38% of these professionals identified injuries caused by violence in patients. When asked about knowing the correct attitude to take in cases of confirmed violence, between 12% and 64% of rural healthcare providers answered positively; most of them would refer to specialized institutions and promote victim empowerment and counseling. The number of professionals with an educational background in the field ranged from 16% to 98%. CONCLUSIONS: The evident disparity across studies shows that some professionals have suboptimal knowledge and require training to adopt the correct attitude when identifying female victims of domestic violence in clinical practice. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This systematic review was registered in the Open Science Framework Database under the registration http://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B7Q6S. BACKGROUND areas OBJECTIVE women SETTING Uberlândia METHODS databases year language publication qualitative selection extraction tool RESULTS criteria 38 patients 12 64 positively counseling 16 98 98% CONCLUSIONS practice REGISTRATION http//doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B7Q6S. httpdoiorg1017605OSFIOB7Q6S httpdoiorgOSFIOBQS http //doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B7Q6S. doi org 10 17605 OSF IO B7Q6S B Q S http://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B7Q6S 3 1 6 9 http//doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B7Q6S httpdoiorg OSFIOB doiorg1017605OSFIOB7Q6S doiorgOSFIOBQS //doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B7Q6S 1760 BQS doiorg 176 17

RESUMO: Quando aplicado na fase de crescimento, o programa de luz visa obter codornas com peso corporal e maturidade fisiológica adequados para o início da postura. Este estudo avaliou programas de iluminação na fase de crescimento sobre o desempenho, maturidade sexual e qualidade dos ovos de codornas de corte reprodutoras (Coturnix coturnix) na fase de postura. Durante o período de sete a 49 dias de idade, 300 codornas de corte fêmeas foram submetidas a três programas de iluminação (natural, intermitente e contínuo), com cinco repetições de 20 aves cada. Aos 49 dias de idade, 240 codornas foram transferidas para um galpão, mantendo a mesma distribuição experimental e submetidas às mesmas condições. As aves submetidas aos programas de iluminação contínuo e intermitente na fase de crescimento apresentaram maiores peso relativo do sistema reprodutivo e consequentemente menores idades para produção do primeiro ovo e para atingir 50% da produção de ovos (P < 0.05). As aves que receberam apenas iluminação natural apresentaram menor consumo de ração nos períodos de 49 a 70 e 71 a 92 dias de idade e pior conversão alimentar até 114 dias de idade. Os programas de iluminação contínua e intermitente na fase de crescimento resultaram em codornas mais precoces quando comparados as aves submetidas ao programa de iluminação natural. Codornas submetidas a programa de luz natural na fase de crescimento apresentaram menor produção de ovos durante todos os períodos, não diferindo das aves submetidas a programas contínuos e intermitentes a partir do segundo período (71 a 92 dias de idade). A iluminação intermitente e contínua na fase de crescimento resulta em melhor conversão alimentar de codornas reprodutoras até 114 dias e maior percentual de postura (49 a 136 dias), reduzindo o número de dias para produzir o primeiro ovo e atingir 50% de postura, em relação a iluminação natural.. RESUMO desempenho Coturnix coturnix 4 30 natural, (natural contínuo, , contínuo) 2 cada 24 galpão condições 50 P 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) 7 9 11 (7 idade) (4 13 dias, dias) 3 5 00 0.0 1 ( 0.

ABSTRACT: When applied at growing phase, lighting program aims to obtain quails with body weight and physiological maturity suitable for the beginning of laying. This study evaluated lighting programs at growing phase on performance, sexual maturity and egg quality of meat quail breeders (Coturnixcoturnix) at laying phase. From 7 to 49 days of age, 300 female meat quails were subjected to three lighting programs (natural, intermittent and continuous), with 5 replicates of 20 birds each. At 49 days of age, 240 quails were transferred to a shed, maintaining the same experimental conditions. Meat quails submitted to continuous and intermittent lighting programs had higher weight of reproductive system and lower ages for first egg production and to reach 50% of egg production (P < 0.05). Quails submitted to natural lighting had lower feed intake from 49 to 70 and 71 to 92 days of age and worse feed conversion up to 114 days of age. Continuous and intermittent lighting programs resulted in more precocious quails compared to natural lighting program. Quails submitted to natural lighting at growing phase presented lower egg production during all periods, not differing for birds submitted to continuous and intermittent programs from the second period (71 to 92 days of age). Intermittent and continuous lighting result in better feed conversion of breeding quails up to 114 days and a higher percentage of laying (49 to 136 days), reducing the number of days to produce the first egg and to reach 50% of laying, in relation to natural lighting. ABSTRACT performance Coturnixcoturnix (Coturnixcoturnix 4 30 natural, (natural continuous, , continuous) 2 each 24 shed conditions 50 P 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) 9 11 periods (7 age) (4 13 days, days) 3 00 0.0 1 ( 0.

ABSTRACT The use of non-conventional feeds in poultry farming can reduce production costs, mainly because of its low cost, availability and chemical composition. Thus, parboiled whole rice bran (PWRB) appears as a potential use in feeding quails. Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of PWRB in the diet of quails. In each experiment, a total of 288 seven-day-old European quails of both sexes, were distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and six replicates of eight quails each. The treatments consisted in the inclusion of PWRB in the proportions of 0; 5; 10; 15; 20 and 25% (first) and 0; 8; 16; 24; 32 and 40% (second). In the first experiment, a linear reduction in feed intake and weight gain was observed with the inclusion of PWRB above 5%, with no significant effect on feed conversion and carcass characteristics. However, there was no loss in the performance and carcass characteristics of quails fed with different levels of PWRB in comparison to the control group. In the second, it was observed that the inclusion of PWRB above 8% promoted a linear reduction in feed intake, weight gain and improvement in feed conversion, with no significant effect on carcass characteristics. However, quails fed 40% PWRB showed reduced intake and weight gain when compared to the control group. The use of PWRB provided an improvement in economic viability. Considering the effect on growth, PWRB can be used in the feeding of meat quails up to 32%. nonconventional non conventional costs cost composition Thus (PWRB experiment 28 sevendayold seven day old sexes 0 5 10 15 2 25 (first 8 16 24 3 40 second. second . (second) 5% However group viability growth 32% 1 4 (second

RESUMO: Protocolos que induzem à lactação artificial em vacas e novilhas são eficazes e estão comercialmente disponíveis no Brasil. No entanto, esses protocolos demandam longos tratamentos hormonais, o que é discutível visto que poucas pesquisas foram feitas sobre o assunto. Para entender melhor os protocolos de indução artificial à lactação (IAL), realizamos dois experimentos. Foi testada a hipótese de que um protocolo curto (oito dias) de IAL é tão eficiente quanto o protocolo padrão de 15 dias. No experimento 1 objetivou-se caracterizar o perfil esteroidal durante um protocolo de IAL e avaliou-se os perfis séricos de estradiol (E2) e progesterona (P4) de vacas Jersey (n=6) submetidas a um protocolo convencional. No experimento 2 foram comparadas a produção de leite e as concentrações séricas de E2 de novilhas holandesas induzidas à lactação pelo protocolo padrão de IAL (15 injeções de E2 e 8 injeções de P4) e por um protocolo curto, no qual o número de injeções de E2 e, consequentemente, a dosagem geral de E2 foram reduzidas (oito injeções de E2 e oito injeções de P4). A hipótese foi confirmada, demonstrado que um protocolo mais curto induziu a lactação em novilhas holandesas sem prejudicar a produção de leite. RESUMO Brasil entanto hormonais assunto IAL, , (IAL) experimentos dias objetivouse objetivou se avaliouse avaliou E (E2 P4 P (P4 n=6 n6 n 6 (n=6 convencional (1 consequentemente P4. . confirmada (IAL (E (P n= (n= ( (n

ABSTRACT: Protocols to artificially induce cows and heifers into lactation are effective and commercially available in Brazil. However, these protocols demand long hormonal treatments, which is debatable since little research has been done in the subject. To further understand artificial induction to lactation (AIL) protocols, we conducted two experiments. In experiment 1, our objective was to better characterize steroidal profile during an AIL protocol and assess the estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) serum profiles of Jersey cows (n=6) subjected to a conventional protocol. In experiment 2, we aimed to compare milk production and serum E2 concentrations of Holstein heifers induced into lactation by the standard AIL protocol (15 injections of E2 and 8 P4 injections) and by a short protocol in which the number of E2 injections and, consequently, the overall dosage of E2, were reduced (8 injections of E2 and 8 P4 injections). We hypothesized that a short AIL protocol (8 days) would be as efficient as the long standard protocol of 15 days. Our hypothesis was confirmed, since we demonstrated that a shorter protocol was able to induce lactation in Holstein heifers without hindering milk production. ABSTRACT Brazil However treatments subject (AIL experiments 1 E (E2 P (P4 n=6 n6 n 6 (n=6 2 (1 consequently ( injections. . days confirmed (E (P n= (n= (n

Abstract Germ cell transplantation in fish is a promising technique for surrogate broodstock parents with broader application in aquaculture and conserving endangered and valuable genetic resources. Herein, we describe the establishment of an intrapapillary xenogeneic transplant of germ cells from sexually mature goldfish (C. auratus) males into common carp (C. carpio) males cytoablated with a thermochemical treatment (two doses of busulfan at 40 mg/kg at 35°C). To analyze the presence and development of donor germ cells in recipient testes, donor germ cells were labeled with PKH26, a fluorescent cell membrane dye, before transplantation. Our results demonstrated that thermochemical treatment caused effective spermatogenesis suppression and pronounced germ cell loss. Moreover, transplanted spermatogonial cells were able to colonize the recipients’ testes, resume spermatogenesis, and generate spermatozoa within eight weeks after germ cell transplantation. These findings suggested that recipient testes provided suitable conditions for the survival, colonization, proliferation, and differentiation of donor spermatogonia from a related species. This study indicated that recipients’ testes exhibited a high degree of plasticity to accept and support xenogeneic donor germ cells, which were able to form sperm in a short time frame. This approach has significant implications for assisted animal reproduction, biotechnology, conservation, and the production of valuable genetic resources and endangered fish species. Herein C. C (C auratus carpio two 4 mgkg mg kg 35°C. 35C 35°C . 35 35°C) PKH26 PKH dye loss Moreover recipients survival colonization proliferation species frame reproduction biotechnology conservation 3 PKH2

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adição dietética de anacardato de cálcio como fonte de ácido anacárdico sobre o desempenho reprodutivo e os parâmetros antioxidantes sanguíneos de coelhas Nova Zelândia Branco. Vinte e sete fêmeas da raça Nova Zelândia Branco foram distribuídas em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com três tratamentos e nove repetições, tendo-se considerado um animal como unidade experimental. Os tratamentos consistiram em rações peletizadas, com diferentes níveis de inclusão de anacardato de cálcio (0, 0,5 e 1,0%). A inclusão de anacardato de cálcio nas dietas aumentou a concentração de compostos fenólicos e a capacidade antioxidante no sangue das coelhas fêmeas lactantes. O anacardato de cálcio ao nível de 1,0% melhora a conversão alimentar durante a gestação e aumenta os compostos fenólicos e a capacidade antioxidante no soro sanguíneo das coelhas aos 21 dias de lactação. acaso repetições tendose tendo se experimental peletizadas 0, 0 (0 05 5 1,0%. 10 . 1 1,0%) lactantes 1,0 2 lactação ( 1,

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the dietary addition of calcium anacardate as a source of phenolic compounds on the reproductive performance and blood antioxidant parameters of New Zealand White female rabbits. Twenty-seven New Zealand White female rabbits were distributed in a randomized complete block design with three treatments and nine replicates, considering one animal as the experimental unit. The treatments consisted of pelleted diets with different inclusion levels of calcium anacardate (0, 0.5, and 1.0%). The inclusion of calcium anacardate in the diets increased the concentration of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant capacity in the blood of lactating female rabbits. Calcium anacardate at the level of 1.0% improves the feed conversion ratio during gestation and increases the phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity in the blood serum of female rabbits at 21 days of lactation. Twentyseven Twenty seven replicates unit 0, 0 (0 05 5 0.5 1.0%. 10 . 1 1.0%) 1.0 2 lactation ( 0. 1.

Resumo A região sul do Brasil é rica em recursos hídricos e biogeográficos, contribuindo para a formação de nichos ictiofaunísticos distintos facilitando o isolamento de algumas espécies. Apesar da grande importância ecológica, existem poucos estudos citogenéticos e moleculares sobre a ictiofauna dessas bacias. Por isso, espécimes de Ancistrus abilhoai e Hemiancistrus fuliginosus foram analisados através da combinação de marcadores citogenéticos e mitocondriais. A análise citogenética revelou um número diploide de 2n = 48 para A. abilhoai e 2n = 56 para H. fuliginosus e foram identificados sítios de DNAr (por hibridização in situ fluorescente-FISH) com sondas 18S e 5S, em sintonia no par 16 de A. abilhoai, enquanto em H. fuliginosus estes sítios estão localizados em pares separados. Considerando o clusterAncistrus, com base nos dados moleculares COI, os espécimes de A. abilhoai ficaram próximos de A. cirrhosus,tendo como grupo irmão A. multispinis e A. brevipinnis. Em relação a Hemiancistrus, os exemplares de H. fuliginosus apresentaram o mesmo haplótipo das sequências desta espécie, disponíveis no banco de dados, formando um clado distinto com H. aspidolepis como grupo irmão. Os resultados do nosso trabalho auxiliaram na melhor definição do status taxonômico de A. abilhoai e H. fuliginosus, espécies endêmicas do sul do Brasil e que exibem poucos estudos dentro de seus repctivos gêneros. biogeográficos ecológica bacias isso mitocondriais n 4 5 H por fluorescenteFISH fluorescente FISH fluorescente-FISH S 5S 1 separados clusterAncistrus COI cirrhosustendo cirrhosus tendo brevipinnis espécie gêneros

Abstract The southern region of Brazil is rich in hydric and biogeographic resources, contributing to the formation of distinct ichthyofaunistic niches and facilitating the isolation of some species. Despite the great ecological importance, there are few cytogenetic and molecular studies on the ichthyofauna of these basins. Therefore, specimens of Ancistrus abilhoai and Hemiancistrus fuliginosus were analyzed by combining cytogenetic and mitochondrial markers. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a diploid number of 2n = 48 for A. abilhoai and 2n = 56 for H. fuliginosus and Sites rDNA (by fluorescent in situ hybridization-FISH) were identified with 18S and 5S probes in synteny in pair 16 of A. abilhoai. At the same time in H. fuliginosus, these sites are located in separate pairs. Considering the Ancistrus cluster, based on COI molecular data, specimens of A. abilhoai were close to A. cirrhosushaving as sister group A. multispinis and A. brevipinnis. Regarding Hemiancistrus, H. fuliginosus specimens showed the same haplotype as the sequences of this species, available in the database, forming a distinct clade with H. aspidolepis as a sister group. The results of our work helped to better define the taxonomic status of A. abilhoai and H. fuliginosus, species endemic to southern Brazil and which have few studies within their respective genera. resources importance basins Therefore markers n 4 A 5 H hybridizationFISH hybridization FISH hybridization-FISH S 1 pairs cluster data brevipinnis database genera

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho produtivo de cultivares de figueira na produção de figos verdes para a industrialização no Brasil. As cultivares de figo Brunswick, Mini Figo, Troyano, Roxo de Valinhos, Bêbara Branca, Lemon, Três num Prato e Pingo de Mel foram avaliadas. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro blocos e oito tratamentos (cultivares de figueira), no espaçamento de 3,0×1,5 m (2.222 plantas por hectare). O experimento foi conduzido durante duas estações de crescimento (2022/2023 e 2023/2024). As plantas foram podadas no período de dormência. Após o início da brotação, foram conservadas duas brotações secundárias por haste lateral (12 hastes produtivas). Os figos verdes foram colhidos duas vezes por semana, tendo-se quantificado o número total de frutos por colheita e o peso total de colheita por planta. Foram calculadas a produção média por planta (kg) e a produtividade estimada (Mg ha−1) para cada estação de crescimento, bem como as dimensões dos frutos, o comprimento e a massa final das hastes, e a duração da colheita. As cultivares apresentaram diferenças no seu desempenho produtivo. A cultivar Troyano foi a que produziu maior quantidade de frutos e propiciou maior produção e produtividade estimada. Brasil Brunswick Figo Valinhos Branca Lemon avaliadas acaso figueira, , figueira) 3015 3 0 1 5 3,0×1, 2.222 2222 2 222 (2.22 hectare. hectare . hectare) 2022/2023 20222023 2022 2023 (2022/202 2023/2024. 20232024 2023/2024 2024 2023/2024) dormência brotação 12 (1 produtivas. produtivas produtivas) semana tendose tendo se kg (kg Mg ha−1 ha1 ha 301 3,0×1 2.22 22 (2.2 2022/202 2022202 202 (2022/20 2023202 2023/202 ( ha− 30 3,0× 2.2 (2. 2022/20 202220 20 (2022/2 202320 2023/20 3,0 2. (2 2022/2 20222 (2022/ 20232 2023/2 3, 2022/ (2022 2023/ (202 (20

Abstract The objective this work was to evaluate the productive performance of fig tree cultivars in the production of green figs for industrialization in Brazil. The Brunswick, Mini Figo, Troyano, Roxo de Valinhos, Bêbara Branca, Lemon, Três Num Prato, and Pingo de Mel fig tree cultivars were evaluated. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks, with four blocks and eight treatments (fig tree cultivars) at a spacing of 3.0×1.5 m (2,222 plants per hectare). The experiment was conducted over two growing seasons (2022/2023 and 2023/2024). Plants were pruned during dormancy. After bud break, two secondary lateral shoots were maintained (12 productive shoots). Green figs were harvested twice a week, and the total number of fruits per harvest and the total harvest weight per plant were quantified. The average production per plant (kg) and estimated yield (Mg ha−1) were calculated for each growing season, as well as fruit dimensions, shoot length and final mass, and harvest duration. The cultivars showed differences in their productive performance. Cultivar Troyano yielded the greatest quantity of fruits and provided a greater production and estimated yield. Brazil Brunswick Figo Valinhos Branca Lemon Prato evaluated 3015 3 0 1 5 3.0×1. 2,222 2222 2 222 (2,22 hectare. hectare . hectare) 2022/2023 20222023 2022 2023 (2022/202 2023/2024. 20232024 2023/2024 2024 2023/2024) dormancy break 12 (1 shoots. shoots) week quantified kg (kg Mg ha−1 ha1 ha season dimensions mass duration 301 3.0×1 2,22 22 (2,2 2022/202 2022202 202 (2022/20 2023202 2023/202 ( ha− 30 3.0× 2,2 (2, 2022/20 202220 20 (2022/2 202320 2023/20 3.0 2, (2 2022/2 20222 (2022/ 20232 2023/2 3. 2022/ (2022 2023/ (202 (20

RESUMO Objetivos: o estudo buscou avaliar o apego materno-fetal, os traumas na infância e as forças de caráter em mulheres que fizeram uso de crack durante a gestação, internadas em hospital público, em Porto Alegre. Métodos: foram entrevistadas 24 gestantes, em um delineamento transversal, e aplicados os instrumentos: Questionário sobre Traumas na Infância, Escala de Apego Materno-Fetal e Escala de Forças e Virtudes. Resultados: foi encontrado um grau médio ou alto de apego materno-fetal e alta frequência de traumas sofridos na infância, destacando-se abuso emocional e negligência física. Não houve associação significativa entre o vínculo materno fetal e a ocorrência de traumas na infância. As forças de caráter com maior escore foram: bravura, autenticidade e amor. Conclusões: Apesar das condições adversas, foi observado que as gestantes tinham um elevado apego materno-fetal. A identificação das forças de caráter que se destacaram pode ajudar para um tratamento mais efetivo dessas mulheres, sendo esta uma boa estratégia no planejamento de políticas de saúde pública. Objetivos maternofetal, maternofetal fetal, gestação público Alegre Métodos 2 transversal instrumentos Infância MaternoFetal Materno Fetal Virtudes Resultados destacandose destacando física bravura amor Conclusões adversas maternofetal. fetal. pública

ABSTRACT Objective: the study aimed to evaluate maternal-fetal attachment, childhood traumas, and character strengths in women who used crack during pregnancy admitted to a public hospital in Porto Alegre. Methods: twenty-four pregnant women were interviewed, in a cross-sectional design, and were applied the instruments: Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale and the Characters Strenghts Scale. Results: a medium or high degree of maternal-fetal attachment and a high frequency of childhood traumas was found, standing out emotional abuse and physical neglect. There was no significant association between maternal-fetal bonding and the occurrence of trauma in childhood. The character strengths that obtained the highest scores among the pregnant women were bravery, authenticity and love. Conclusion: despite the adverse conditions, it was observed that the pregnant women had a high maternal-fetal attachment. Identifying the strengths that stood out may contribute to the more effective treatment of these women, this being a good strategy in the planning of public health policies. Objective maternalfetal maternal fetal Alegre Methods twentyfour twenty four interviewed crosssectional cross sectional design instruments CTQ, CTQ , (CTQ) MaternalFetal Maternal Fetal Results found neglect bravery love Conclusion conditions policies (CTQ

RESUMO Num cenário de mudanças climáticas, um produtor que decidisse investir em um sistema de integração Lavoura-Floresta, ao invés de investir na produção convencional, se beneficiaria. O presente trabalho, que é um modelo de agricultura de baixa emissão de carbono, teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do sombreamento e a dependência espacial dos índices da cultura da soja em integração com floresta de eucalipto. O delineamento adotado foi o de blocos ao acaso com seis repetições e tratamentos compostos por diferentes distâncias horizontais sobre eucalipto (30, 34, 38, 42 e 46 m), em duas áreas distintas, uma com presença de eucalipto nas regiões norte e oeste e outra sem a presença do eucalipto na parte norte da área de cultivo da soja. Avaliaram-se os fótons fotossinteticamente ativos em quatro épocas diferentes, o estande de plantas, a altura de plantas e o índice de vegetação após 30 e 60 dias de germinação e por fim a massa de mil grãos e a produtividade. Como resultados, todos atributos apresentaram dependência espacial, exceto produtividade da soja. Como considerações finais, o espaçamento de 34 m entre os eucaliptos promove menor sombreamento. A maior produção média de grãos na área foi encontrada na presença de eucalipto nas laterais oeste e norte da área de cultivo. climáticas LavouraFloresta, LavouraFloresta Lavoura Floresta, Floresta Lavoura-Floresta convencional beneficiaria trabalho carbono 30, (30 38 4 m, , m) distintas Avaliaramse Avaliaram 3 6 resultados finais (3 (

ABSTRACT In a climate change scenario, a producer who decides to invest in a Crop-Forest integration system, instead of investing in conventional production, benefits. The objective the present work, which is a low carbon emission agriculture model, aimed to evaluate the effect of shading and the spatial dependence of soybean crop indices in integration with eucalyptus forest. The design adopted was that of randomized blocks with six replications and treatments composed of different horizontal distances about eucalyptus (30, 34, 38, 42 and 46 m), in two distinct areas, one with the presence of eucalyptus forest in the north and west phase and another one without the presence of eucalyptus in the northern part of the soybean cultivation area. Evaluated the photosynthetically active photons at four different times, the plant stand, plant height, and the vegetation index after 30 and 60 days of germination and finally the mass of a thousand grains and productivity. As a result, all attributes showed spatial dependence, except soybean productivity. As final considerations, the spacing of 34 m between the eucalyptus trees promote less shading. The highest average grain production in the area was found in the presence of eucalyptus on the west and north sides of the cultivation area. scenario CropForest Crop Forest system benefits work model 30, (30 38 4 m, , m) areas times stand height 3 6 productivity result considerations (3 (

ABSTRACT. Downy mildew is a major problem for grape growers, as this disease is difficult to control. Synthetic fungicides are used to treat downy mildew with handheld backpack and tractor sprayer applications, with high chemical exposure by operators. As important tools for maximising yield, application technologies must be studied to optimise control efficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of fungicide spray application using Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) for the control of downy mildew in grapevine, with different spray volumes. The study was divided into two experiments using 4 vine lines, 10 blocks and 5 treatments with different mixture volumes: Experiment 1 with RPA application of 5 mixture volumes - 0, 22, 44, 66, and 88 L ha−1; Experiment 2 with RPA application of 3 mixture volumes - 44, 66, and 88 L ha−1 and a backpack application of one mixture volume - 800 L ha−1. Coverage percentage, droplet density and volume median diameter (VMD) were evaluated. Downy mildew severity on grapevine leaves was assessed using visual analysis and a diagrammatic scale. The application of 44 L ha−1 provided the greatest coverage and droplet density in the upper and middle strata; however, the backpack application had a better droplet distribution than the RPA application. Treatments of 44 L ha−1 with RPA and backpack application (800 L ha−1) provided the best disease control. In the trellis system, RPA application must be improved because of the low coverage in the lower parts of the plant, and further studies with different spray nozzles and application heights are needed. ABSTRACT growers applications operators yield (RPA lines 0 22 66 8 ha1 ha ha− 80 percentage VMD (VMD evaluated scale strata however (80 system plant needed 6 (8 (

Resumo Antecedentes Queixas de memória são frequentes em idosos e estão associadas ao maior risco de declínio cognitivo. Objetivo Investigar o desfecho funcional de indivíduos com queixas de memória acompanhados em centros atenção primária. Métodos Os dados foram coletados entre 2016 e 2020 em centros de atenção primária à saúde no Brasil. Os pacientes foram submetidos à Bateria Cognitiva Breve e ao Questionário de Atividades Funcionais. Resultados A amostra inicial (2016) foi composta por 91 indivíduos, classificados como tendo declínio cognitivo subjetivo (DCS, n = 15), comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL, n = 45), ou demência (n = 31). Durante o seguimento, 8 indivíduos (8,8% da amostra inicial) faleceram e 26 (28,5% da amostra inicial) não foram encontrados. Cinquenta e sete participantes foram submetidos à reavaliação clínica. Dos 15 indivíduos com DCS, 7 não foram encontrados (46,7%), 4 (26,7%) declinaram para CCL e 4 (26,7%) permaneceram estáveis. Dos 45 indivíduos com CCL, 11 não foram encontrados (24,4%), 2 (4,4%) morreram, 6 (13,4%) declinaram para demência, 12 (26,7%) evoluíram para DCS e 14 (31,1%) permaneceram estáveis. Dos 31 indivíduos com demência, 8 não foram encontrados, (25,8%), 6 (19,4%) morreram, 2 (6,5%) evoluíram para DCS e 7 (22,6%) para CCL; e 8 permaneceram estáveis (25,8%). A melhora clínica deveu-se ao tratamento de causas reversíveis, como hipovitaminose B12 e transtornos de humor. A idade avançada, a baixa pontuação no Mini-Exame do Estado Mental e os escores de queixa de memória mais altos, mas não o uso de benzodiazepínicos e inibidores da bomba de prótons, foram preditores de declínio funcional. Conclusão Apesar de suas limitações (amostra pequena, dados ausentes), esses resultados corroboram que a triagem adequada, o acompanhamento e o tratamento de causas reversíveis de demência na atenção primária são essenciais. 201 202 Brasil Funcionais (2016 9 (DCS 15, , 15) (CCL 45, 45) 31. . 31) seguimento 8,8% 88 (8,8 28,5% 285 28 5 (28,5 1 46,7%, 467 46,7% 46 (46,7%) 26,7% 267 (26,7% 24,4%, 244 24,4% 24 (24,4%) 4,4% 44 (4,4% morreram 13,4% 134 13 (13,4% 31,1% 311 (31,1% 3 25,8%, 258 25,8% 25 (25,8%) 19,4% 194 19 (19,4% 6,5% 65 (6,5% 22,6% 226 22 (22,6% 25,8%. deveuse deveu se B B1 humor avançada MiniExame Mini Exame altos prótons pequena ausentes, ausentes ausentes) adequada essenciais 20 (201 8,8 (8, 28,5 (28, 46,7 (46,7% 26,7 (26,7 24,4 (24,4% 4,4 (4,4 13,4 (13,4 31,1 (31,1 25,8 (25,8% 19,4 (19,4 6,5 (6,5 22,6 (22,6 (20 8, (8 28, (28 46, (46,7 26, (26, 24, (24,4 4, (4, 13, (13, 31, (31, 25, (25,8 19, (19, 6, (6, 22, (22, (2 ( (46, (26 (24, (4 (13 (31 (25, (19 (6 (22 (46 (24 (1 (3 (25

Abstract Background Memory complaints are frequent in older adults and are associated with higher risk of cognitive decline. Objective To investigate the functional outcome of individuals with memory complaints followed up at primary care centers. Methods Data were collected between 2016 e 2020 in primary health care centers in Brazil. Patients underwent the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery, and the Functional Activities Questionnaire. Results The initial sample (2016) comprised 91 individuals classified into those with subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n = 15), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 45), or dementia (n = 31). During follow-up, 8 individuals (8.8% of the initial sample) died and 26 (28.5% of the initial sample) were not found. Fifty-seven participants underwent clinical reassessment. Of 15 individuals with SCD, 7 were not found (46.7%), 4 (26.7%) progressed to MCI, and 4 (26.7%) remained stable. Of 45 individuals with MCI, 11 were not found (24.4%), 2 (4.4%) died, 6 (13.4%) progressed to dementia, 12 (26.7%) regressed to SCD, and 14 (31.1%) remained stable. Of 31 individuals with dementia, 8 were not found (25.8%), 6 (19.4%) died, 2 (6.5%) regressed to SCD, 7 (22.6%) regressed to MCI, and 8 remained stable (25.8%). Clinical improvement was due to the treatment of reversible causes, such as B12 hypovitaminosis and mood disorders. Older age, lower Mini-Mental State Examination, and higher scores of memory complaint, but not the use of benzodiazepines and of proton pump inhibitors, were predictors of functional status. Conclusion Despite their limits (short sample size, missing data), these results support the idea that adequate screening, follow-up, and treatment of reversible causes of dementia in primary care are essential. 201 202 Brazil Battery Questionnaire (2016 9 SCD (SCD 15, , 15) MCI (MCI 45, 45) 31. . 31) followup, followup follow up, follow-up 8.8% 88 (8.8 28.5% 285 28 5 (28.5 Fiftyseven Fifty seven reassessment 1 46.7%, 467 46.7% 46 (46.7%) 26.7% 267 (26.7% 24.4%, 244 24.4% 24 (24.4%) 4.4% 44 (4.4% 13.4% 134 13 (13.4% 31.1% 311 (31.1% 3 25.8%, 258 25.8% 25 (25.8%) 19.4% 194 19 (19.4% 6.5% 65 (6.5% 22.6% 226 22 (22.6% 25.8%. B B1 disorders age MiniMental Mini Mental Examination complaint inhibitors status short size data, data data) screening essential 20 (201 8.8 (8. 28.5 (28. 46.7 (46.7% 26.7 (26.7 24.4 (24.4% 4.4 (4.4 13.4 (13.4 31.1 (31.1 25.8 (25.8% 19.4 (19.4 6.5 (6.5 22.6 (22.6 (20 8. (8 28. (28 46. (46.7 26. (26. 24. (24.4 4. (4. 13. (13. (31. 25. (25.8 19. (19. 6. (6. 22. (22. (2 ( (46. (26 (24. (4 (13 (31 (25. (19 (6 (22 (46 (24 (1 (3 (25

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os dados extraídos do exame Pentacam em pacientes com ceratocone em um olho e ceratocone frusto no outro olho. Local: Clínica privada em São Paulo, Brasil. Desenho do estudo: Revisão retrospectiva. Métodos: Este estudo revisou prontuários de pacientes com ceratocone em um olho e ceratocone forma frusta (FFKC) no outro, de janeiro a dezembro de 2019. Todos os indivíduos foram avaliados com um sistema de imagem Scheimpflug rotativo. Vinte e dois olhos de 11 pacientes foram comparados, e apenas um olho tinha critérios diagnósticos estabelecidos para ceratocone. Diante disso, 38 variáveis obtidas através do Pentacam foram comparadas. Resultados: Em olhos com ceratocone, vários parâmetros apresentam alterações significativas em relação àqueles com olhos FFKC. Notavelmente, a elevação de Belin e a densitometria posterior e total permanecem consistentemente significativas, indicando mudanças precoces nas formas leves da doença e progressão ao longo do tempo. Além disso, indicadores como IVA, KI, IHD, elevação posterior do BFTA e R min demonstram alterações notáveis nos olhos do FFKC. Dentre estes, destaca-se o índice de descentração da altura (IHD), com maior taxa de alteração de 81,8% nos pacientes com FFKC. Além disso, parâmetros como o índice D (total), IE posterior e elevação máxima posterior com BFS, IHD, Kmáx e valor de Q demonstram alta acurácia, sensibilidade e especificidade na distinção entre o FFKC e o olho controle. Kmax, Belin Ambrósio Elevação Posterior, IHD e elevação posterior utilizando BFS (BFS Posterior Elevation) emergem como os parâmetros mais alterados no FFKC. Conclusão: Consideramos o IHD, a elevação posterior com BFS, Kmáx, a asfericidade, o Belin-Ambrósio e a descentração do ponto mais fino como indicadores sensíveis para os casos iniciais de ceratocone, sendo o IHD o mais preciso. Objetivo Local Paulo Brasil retrospectiva Métodos (FFKC 2019 rotativo 1 comparados disso 3 comparadas Resultados Notavelmente tempo IVA KI estes destacase destaca se , (IHD) 818 81 8 81,8 total, (total) acurácia controle Kmax Elevation Conclusão asfericidade BelinAmbrósio preciso 201 (IHD 81, (total 20 2

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare data extracted from the Pentacam exam in patients with keratoconus in one eye and form fruste keratoconus in the other eye. Setting: Private clinic in São Paulo, Brazil. Design: Retrospective review. Methods: This study reviewed charts of patients with keratoconus in one eye and forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC) in the other, from January to December 2019. All subjects were evaluated with a rotating Scheimpflug imaging system. Twenty-two eyes of 11 patients were compared, and only one eye had established diagnostic criteria for keratoconus. Given this, 38 variables obtained through Pentacam were compared. Results: In eyes with keratoconus, several parameters exhibit significant alterations compared to those with FFK eyes. Notably, Belin elevation and posterior and total densitometry remain consistently significant, indicating early changes in mild forms of the disease and progression over time. Additionally, indicators such as IVA, KI, IHD, posterior elevation of BFTA, and R min demonstrate notable changes in FFKC eyes. Among these, the index of height decentration (IHD) stands out, with the highest alteration rate of 81.8% in FFKC patients. Furthermore, parameters like the D index (total), EI posterior, and Maximum posterior elevation with BFS, IHD, Kmax, and Q value demonstrate high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in distinguishing FFKC from control eyes. Kmax, Belin Ambrósio Posterior Elevation, IHD, and posterior elevation of best-fit reference sphere (BFS Posterior Elevation) emerge as the most altered parameters in FFKC. Conclusion: We considered the IHD, the BFS posterior elevation, Kmax, asphericity, Belin-Ambrósio display, and decentration of the thinnest point as sensitive indicators for initial keratoconus cases, IHD being the most accurate of them. Purpose Setting Paulo Brazil Design review Methods (FFKC 2019 system Twentytwo Twenty two 1 this 3 Results Notably time Additionally IVA KI BFTA these (IHD out 818 81 8 81.8 Furthermore total, , (total) Kmax accuracy sensitivity Elevation bestfit best fit Conclusion asphericity BelinAmbrósio display cases them 201 81. (total 20 2

ABSTRACT Increasing orchard density is an alternative approach for enhancing productivity of the fig tree. In addition to promoting better utilization of productive areas, increased density allows for the optimization of plant management. In some situations, it may be necessary to alter the pruning system. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the practices of reducing spacing and lopping shoots enhance green fig production for industrial purposes. The research was conducted in southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil (21°14’S and 45°00’W, 918 m in height) in an area with a tropical highland climate. A 3 × 2 factorial scheme was adopted, with three different plant spacings (0.50, 0.75, or 1 m, totaling plant densities of 8,000, 5,333, and 4,000 fig trees per hectare, respectively), and plants were managed with and without the lopping of productive shoots. The spacing between planting rows was standardized to 2.5 m. Two productive shoots were retained on all trees. In the lopping treatment, after the emergence of the 16th leaf, the shoot was topped (i.e., the apical bud was removed), and two new shoots were selected per productive shoot. Additional loppings were performed later, always after the emergence of the sixth leaf, totaling three loppings. Data were collected from each plot, which consisted of three useful plants, during two production cycles. It was concluded that smaller spacings decreased production per plant, but they increased green fig productivity. Lopping productive shoots increased fruit weight, the number of fruits per plant, and fig production. tree areas management situations system purposes State 21°14S 2114S S 21°14 21 14 45°00W, 4500W W 45°00 W, 45 00 45°00’W 91 height climate adopted 0.50, 050 0 50 (0.50 075 75 0.75 8000 8 000 8,000 5333 5 333 5,333 4000 4 4,00 hectare respectively, respectively , respectively) 25 2. treatment th leaf i.e., ie i e (i.e. removed, removed removed) later plot cycles weight 14S 2114 21°1 00W 45°00W 4500 45°0 9 0.50 05 (0.5 07 7 0.7 800 8,00 533 33 5,33 400 4,0 i.e. (i.e 211 21° 450 45° 0.5 (0. 0. 80 8,0 53 5,3 40 4, i.e (0 8, 5, (