ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE The transgender population in Brazil faces marginalization and difficulties in accessing education and health, leading many individuals to self-medicate. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the implementation of Specialized Centers in the Transsexualizing Process (SCTP) on the use of cross-sex hormone therapy (CSHT) without medical prescription, as well as the level of education and mental health profile of these individuals. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with data from physical and electronic medical records between September 2017 and February 2023 regarding the use of CSHT before and after the implementation of two SCTP in the state of Bahia, Brazil, in addition to data on education level, previous diagnosis of anxiety and depression of patients. RESULTS A total of 219 participants, 127 transgender men (TM) and 92 transgender women and travestis (TrTW), were assessed. A significant reduction in the prevalence of self-medication was observed in both TrTW (92.98% before and 51.43% after, p<0.001), and TM (47.17% before and 25.67% after, p = 0.010) with the implementation of SCTP. Transgender individuals who used CSHT before accessing the service were found to have a lower prevalence of depression. Self-medication was not significantly associated with education or anxiety in our sample. CONCLUSION The results indicate the need for the expansion of SCTP, as they were associated with lower rates of self-medication in the transgender population.

Resumo O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o impacto de diferentes sistemas agrícolas sobre as frações húmicas da matéria orgânica (MOS) e a agregação do solo, sob solo de textura média em uma região subtropical do Brasil. Foram avaliadas três áreas manejadas e uma área de referência: pastagem permanente (PP), plantio direto (PD), plantio direto+Brachiaria (PD+B) e mata nativa (NF). Foram coletadas amostras de solo deformadas nas camadas 0-0,05; 0,05-0,10; 0,10-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m, e amostras de solo indeformadas nas camadas 0-0,05 e 0,05-0,10 m. Após a coleta, foram realizadas análises de carbono orgânico total (COT), fracionamento químico da MOS; análise de estabilidade de agregados. A área PP apresentou os maiores teores de COT e C-AF nas três primeiras camadas avaliadas. Na camada de 0,10-0,20 m os teores de C-HUM na área PD+B foram 1,9 vezes maiores que na área PD, e em 0,20-0,40 m foram 6,6 vezes maiores. A área PP obteve os melhores indicadores estruturais, especialmente maior DMP, DMG e % de macroagregados. As duas áreas com plantio direto apresentaram percentual de macroagregados superior a 37,28% na camada superficial. O manejo do PP proporcionou aumentos nos teores de COT e, consequentemente, de substâncias húmicas, além da formação de agregados mais estáveis. O sistema PD+B mostrou-se promissor no aumento do COT e das substâncias húmicas, principalmente em profundidade, mesmo com um curto período de implantação. O aumento do COT e das substâncias húmicas proporcionado pelas gramíneas contribui para a formação de agregados mais estáveis e, consequentemente, para a melhoria da qualidade dos solos agrícolas de textura média. MOS (MOS Brasil referência PP, , (PP) PD (PD) diretoBrachiaria Brachiaria PDB B (PD+B NF. NF . (NF) 00,05 0005 0 0,05 05 0,050,10 005010 0,10 10 0,100,20 010020 0,20 20 0,10-0,2 0,200,40 020040 0,40 40 0,20-0,4 0-0,0 0,05-0,1 coleta COT, (COT) CAF C AF CHUM HUM 19 1 9 1, 66 6 6, estruturais DMP 3728 37 28 37,28 superficial consequentemente mostrouse mostrou se profundidade implantação (PP (PD (NF 00 00,0 000 005 0,0 050 0,050,1 00501 010 0,1 100 0,100,2 01002 020 0,2 2 0,10-0, 200 0,200,4 02004 040 0,4 4 0,20-0, 0-0, 0,05-0, (COT 372 3 37,2 00, 0, 0,050, 0050 01 0,100, 0100 02 0,10-0 0,200, 0200 04 0,20-0 0-0 0,05-0 37, 0,050 0,100 0,10- 0,200 0,20- 0- 0,05-

Abstract This work evaluates the impact of different agricultural systems on the humic fractions of organic matter (SOM) and soil aggregation in a medium-textured soil in a subtropical region of Brazil. Three managed areas and a reference area were evaluated: permanent pasture (PP), no-till (NT), no-till+Brachiaria (NT+B) and native forest (NF). Deformed soil samples were collected in the layers 0-0.05; 0.05-0.10; 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m, and unformed soil samples in the layers 0-0.05 and 0.05-0.10 m. After collection, total organic carbon (TOC) analysis, chemical fractioning of SOM and aggregate stability analysis were performed. The PP area presented the highest TOC and C-FA contents in the first three layers evaluated. In the 0.10-0.20 m layer, the C-HUM contents in the NT+B area were 1.9 times higher than in the NT area, and in 0.20-0.40 m they were 6.6 times higher. The PP area obtained the best structural indicators, especially higher WMD, GMD and % of macroaggregates. The two areas using direct seeding presented a percentage of macroaggregates higher than 37.28% in the superficial layer. The PP management provided increases in TOC levels and, consequently, humic substances, besides the formation of more stable aggregates. The NT+B system showed promise in increasing TOC and humic substances, especially at depth, even with a short implementation period. The increase in TOC and humic substances provided by the grasses contributes to the formation of more stable aggregates and, consequently, to the improvement of the quality of medium-textured agricultural soils. (SOM mediumtextured medium textured Brazil evaluated PP, , (PP) notill no till NT, (NT) notill+Brachiaria notillBrachiaria till+Brachiaria Brachiaria NTB B (NT+B NF. NF . (NF) 00.05 0005 0 0.05 05 0.050.10 005010 0.10 10 0.100.20 010020 0.20 20 0.10-0.2 0.200.40 020040 0.40 40 0.20-0.4 0-0.0 0.05-0.1 collection (TOC performed CFA C FA layer CHUM HUM 19 1 9 1. 66 6 6. indicators WMD 3728 37 28 37.28 consequently depth period soils (PP (NT tillBrachiaria (NF 00 00.0 000 005 0.0 050 0.050.1 00501 010 0.1 100 0.100.2 01002 020 0.2 2 0.10-0. 200 0.200.4 02004 040 0.4 4 0.20-0. 0-0. 0.05-0. 372 3 37.2 00. 0. 0.050. 0050 01 0.100. 0100 02 0.10-0 0.200. 0200 04 0.20-0 0-0 0.05-0 37. 0.050 0.100 0.10- 0.200 0.20- 0- 0.05-

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of bioactive toothpastes in remineralizing eroded enamel surfaces in vitro. Bovine enamel blocks (n = 48) were obtained and classified into untreated, demineralized, and treated areas. Specimens were randomly classified into six groups (n = 8 each): fluoride-free toothpaste (NCT), Colgate Total 12 (PCT), Sensodyne Repair and Protect (SRP), Sensodyne Pronamel (SPE), Regenerador + Sensitive (RGS), and RGS/calcium booster (RCB). The specimens were subjected to erosive pH cycling for 5 days for 4 times/day (90 s) and treated with toothpaste slurries (1:3) for 1 min. The Vickers hardness (50 g/10 s) and percentage surface hardness recovery (%SMHR) were calculated. Furthermore, the topography and roughness (Ra) of the enamel surface were evaluated using a 3D non-contact optical profilometer, along with the tooth surface loss (TSL). Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance or Tukey’s test (significance: 5%). The %SMHR of the SRP and NCT groups were significantly lower than those of the other groups (p < 0.05). Ra was higher when the eroded area was treated with SRP and SPE (p < 0.05). Treatment with RGS, PCT, and SPE favored the recovery of the enamel surface compared with the NCT group (p < 0.05). The best TSL results were obtained with treatment with RGS, followed by PCT and SPE (p < 0.05). The RCB group showed statistically equivalent results for surface hardness recovery and TSL (p > 0.05). Conclusively, PCT and RGS toothpastes were more effective in remineralizing the enamel surface. vitro n 48 untreated demineralized areas each each) fluoridefree fluoride free NCT, , (NCT) (PCT) SRP, (SRP) SPE, (SPE) (RGS) RGScalcium calcium RCB. . (RCB) timesday times day 90 (9 s 13 3 (1:3 min 50 (5 g10 g 10 g/1 SMHR (%SMHR calculated Furthermore (Ra D noncontact non contact profilometer TSL. (TSL) Tukeys Tukey significance (significance 5%. 5% 5%) p 0.05. 005 0.05 0 05 0.05) Conclusively (NCT (PCT (SRP (SPE (RGS (RCB 9 ( (1: g1 g/ (TSL 00 0.0 (1 0.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE The transgender population in Brazil faces marginalization and difficulties in accessing education and health, leading many individuals to self-medicate. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the implementation of Specialized Centers in the Transsexualizing Process (SCTP) on the use of cross-sex hormone therapy (CSHT) without medical prescription, as well as the level of education and mental health profile of these individuals. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with data from physical and electronic medical records between September 2017 and February 2023 regarding the use of CSHT before and after the implementation of two SCTP in the state of Bahia, Brazil, in addition to data on education level, previous diagnosis of anxiety and depression of patients. RESULTS A total of 219 participants, 127 transgender men (TM) and 92 transgender women and travestis (TrTW), were assessed. A significant reduction in the prevalence of self-medication was observed in both TrTW (92.98% before and 51.43% after, p<0.001), and TM (47.17% before and 25.67% after, p = 0.010) with the implementation of SCTP. Transgender individuals who used CSHT before accessing the service were found to have a lower prevalence of depression. Self-medication was not significantly associated with education or anxiety in our sample. CONCLUSION The results indicate the need for the expansion of SCTP, as they were associated with lower rates of self-medication in the transgender population. selfmedicate. selfmedicate self medicate. medicate self-medicate (SCTP crosssex cross sex (CSHT prescription crosssectional sectional 201 202 Bahia patients 21 participants 12 (TM 9 TrTW, , (TrTW) assessed selfmedication medication 92.98% 9298 98 (92.98 5143 51 43 51.43 p<0.001, p0001 p<0.001 0 001 p<0.001) 47.17% 4717 47 17 (47.17 2567 25 67 25.67 0.010 0010 010 Selfmedication Self sample 20 2 1 (TrTW 92.98 929 (92.9 514 5 4 51.4 p000 p<0.00 00 47.17 471 (47.1 256 6 25.6 0.01 01 92.9 (92. 51. p00 p<0.0 47.1 (47. 25. 0.0 92. (92 p0 p<0. 47. (47 0. (9 p<0 (4 ( p<

Resumo As habilidades socioemocionais são essenciais para o desenvolvimento dos estudantes na escola; no entanto, há pouca discussão sobre o apoio das escolas. Nosso objetivo foi analisar as evidências de estrutura interna e validade convergente-discriminante da versão de escolha forçada do Inventário de Apoio para Habilidades Socioemocionais. No total, participaram 443 estudantes do ensino fundamental e médio (54% do sexo feminino). Os resultados indicaram que o instrumento revisado estava consistente com o modelo teórico de duas dimensões (apoio e demanda); a versão de escolha forçada demonstrou estrutura interna apropriada e não foi enviesada por aquiescência; além disso, com base em uma matriz mutitraço-multimétodo, as pontuações da versão de escolha forçada mostraram validade convergente e discriminante com a versão Likert. Este estudo contribui para a literatura propondo um instrumento heteroavaliativo multidimensional para avaliar o apoio ao desenvolvimento socioemocional no formato de escolha forçada, o que reduz o viés de resposta. escola entanto escolas convergentediscriminante Socioemocionais total 44 54% 54 (54 feminino. feminino . feminino) demanda demanda) aquiescência disso mutitraçomultimétodo, mutitraçomultimétodo mutitraço multimétodo, multimétodo mutitraço-multimétodo Likert resposta 4 5 (5 (

Abstract Socioemotional skills are essential for students’ development at school. However, school support has barely generated debates. We aimed to analyze the evidence of the internal structure and convergent-discriminant validity of the scores of the forced-choice version of the Inventory of Supporting for Socio-Emotional Skills (ISSE). In total, 443 middle and high school students (54% of whom were girls) participated in this study. Results indicated that the revised instrument was consistent with its two-dimension theoretical model (support and demand); the forced-choice version showed an appropriate internal structure and no bias by acquiescence. Moreover, based on a multitrait-multimethod matrix, the scores of the Likert forced-choice version showed convergent and discriminant validity. This study contributes to the literature by proposing a multidimensional heteroevalutive instrument to assess support for socioemotional development in the forced-choice format, which reduces response bias. However debates convergentdiscriminant forcedchoice forced choice SocioEmotional Socio Emotional ISSE. ISSE . (ISSE) total 44 54% 54 (54 girls twodimension two dimension demand demand) acquiescence Moreover multitraitmultimethod multitrait multimethod matrix format (ISSE 4 5 (5 (

Resumen Las habilidades socioemocionales son esenciales para el desarrollo de los estudiantes en la escuela; sin embargo, hay poca investigación sobre el apoyo ofrecido por la escuela. Se pretende analizar las evidencias de estructura interna y validez convergente-discriminante de la versión de elección forzada del Inventario de Apoyo para Habilidades Socioemocionales. Un total de 443 estudiantes de la primaria y la secundaria (54% eran niñas) participaron en el estudio. Los resultados indicaron que la herramienta es adecuada al modelo de dos dimensiones (apoyo y demanda); la versión de elección forzada demostró una estructura interna adecuada y libre de aquiescencia; y, además, con base en una matriz multirasgo-multimétodo, los puntajes de la versión de elección forzada mostraron validez convergente con la versión Likert. Este estudio contribuye a la literatura con una herramienta heteroevaluativa multidimensional para examinar el apoyo al desarrollo socioemocional en el formato de elección forzada, lo que reduce el sesgo de la encuesta. escuela embargo convergentediscriminante discriminante Socioemocionales 44 54% 54 (54 niñas demanda demanda) aquiescencia además multirasgomultimétodo, multirasgomultimétodo multirasgo multimétodo, multimétodo multirasgo-multimétodo Likert encuesta 4 5 (5 (

Resumo O Brasil possui uma das maiores diversidades de samambaias e licófitas do mundo, principalmente em florestas úmidas. No entanto, o conhecimento sobre essas plantas nas 27 unidades federativas é desigual e isso pode dificultar as ações de conservação voltadas para elas. No estado de Sergipe, as coletas desses grupos têm sido esporádicas e cerca de 50 espécies foram catalogadas até o momento, um número baixo quando comparado a outros estados. Este estudo teve como objetivo compilar as espécies de samambaias e licófitas ocorrentes em Sergipe a partir de materiais de herbários e amostragens recentes. Para tanto, foram acessados espécimes em herbários, juntamente com bancos de dados on-line, bem como 13 expedições botânicas foram realizadas em três áreas. Nosso estudo registrou 20 famílias, 44 gêneros e 86 espécies (75 de samambaias e 11 de licófitas), com oito novos registros para o Estado. As famílias mais representativas foram Pteridaceae (21 spp.), Polypodiaceae (12), Anemiaceae (oito) e Selaginellaceae (oito). Os gêneros Adiantum L. (oito spp.), Anemia Sw. (nove spp.) e Selaginella P.Beauv. (oito spp.) apresentaram o maior número de espécies. O estudo mostra que esforços como esses são extremamente necessários e podem eventualmente indicar o quanto a riqueza de samambaias e licófitas em Sergipe está subestimada, promovendo também pesquisas nessa área da Botânica. mundo úmidas entanto 2 elas 5 momento estados recentes tanto online, online on line, line on-line 1 áreas 4 8 75 (7 licófitas, , licófitas) Estado 21 (2 spp., spp spp. 12, 12 (12) oito. . L Sw nove PBeauv P Beauv P.Beauv subestimada Botânica 7 ( (12 (1

Abstract Brazil has one of the greatest diversity of ferns and lycophytes in the world, especially in its humid forests. The knowledge about these plants in the 27 federative units is uneven and can potentially hamper conservation actions aimed at them. In the state of Sergipe, collections of these groups have been sporadic and about 50 species have been cataloged so far, a low number when compared to other states. This study aimed to compile the species of ferns and lycophytes occurring in Sergipe based on herbaria materials and recent samples collected. Therefore, specimens from herbaria were accessed, together with online databases, as well as 13 botanical expeditions were carried out in three areas. Our study recorded of 20 families, 44 genera and 86 species (75 ferns and 11 lycophytes), with eight new records for the state. The most representative families were Pteridaceae (21 spp.), Polypodiaceae (12), Anemiaceae (nine) and Selaginellaceae (eight). The genera Adiantum L. (eight spp.), Anemia Sw. (nine spp.) and Selaginella P.Beauv. (eight spp.) had the highest number of species. The study shows that efforts like these are extremely necessary and may eventually indicate the extent to which the richness of ferns and lycophytes in Sergipe is underestimated, also promoting researches in this area of Botany. world forests 2 them 5 far states collected Therefore accessed databases 1 areas 4 8 75 (7 lycophytes, , lycophytes) 21 (2 spp., spp spp. 12, 12 (12) nine eight. . (eight) L Sw PBeauv P Beauv P.Beauv underestimated Botany 7 ( (12 (1

Abstract Tadalafil, a potent phosphodiesterase inhibitor 5 (PDE-5), is commonly used for the management of erectile dysfunction. However, its therapeutic potential extends beyond this indication. This study aimed to investigate the impact of tadalafil on the recovery of testicular parenchyma in male Wistar rats exposed to testicular thermal stress. Fifty-four Wistar rats were subjected to testicular thermal stress and randomly assigned to receive either tadalafil treatment (TAD) or no treatment (control). TAD was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of either 0.9 mg/kg or 1.8 mg/kg. Biometric parameters, histopathological assessment of the testis, serum testosterone levels, oxidative stress, and interleukin levels were evaluated on days 7, 15, and 30 after thermal shock. The animals were euthanized at the end of each experimental period, and samples were collected. TAD treatment maintained testicular weight and reduced the testicular degenerative process up to day 7 post-injury. However, despite TAD therapy, serum testosterone levels were decreased in the treated groups at days 7 and 15 post-thermal stress. TAD also decreased TNF-α and NO levels at different doses but had no effect on IL-6. The treatment with TAD after heat shock demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties but did not prevent the aggravation of testicular lesions in subsequent periods, even with the systematic reduction in TNF-α and NO levels. Therefore, this selective PDE-5 inhibitor, at the dosages used, did not have a positive impact on testosterone levels during the post-thermal stress period, which could compromise the resumption of the spermatogenic process. Tadalafil PDE5, PDE5 PDE , (PDE-5) dysfunction However indication Fiftyfour Fifty four (TAD control. control . (control) 09 0 9 0. mgkg mg kg 18 1 8 1. parameters testis 3 period collected postinjury. postinjury post injury. injury post-injury therapy postthermal TNFα TNF α IL6. IL6 IL 6. 6 IL-6 antiinflammatory anti inflammatory periods Therefore PDE- (PDE-5 (control IL- (PDE- (PDE

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas sobre o desempenho da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), com base na presença e extensão de seus atributos, na visão dos enfermeiros e médicos. Método: Revisão de escopo conforme recomendações da Joanna Brigss Institute, desenvolvida entre janeiro de 2023 em oito bases de dados e atualizada em dezembro de 2023. Foram utilizadas as palavras-chave “primary health care assessment” e “quality of primary health care”. Foram incluídos artigos em qualquer língua, que utilizaram o instrumento PCATool-Brasil, versões profissionais, com população de enfermeiros e médicos. Resultados: Foram incluídos 19 estudos, publicados de 2012 a 2022, em nove estados brasileiros. A média geral do desempenho da APS variou de 6,5 a 8,2 e, do total, somente dois indicaram baixo desempenho dos serviços de APS. Sobre os atributos, a acessibilidade apresentou pior desempenho e orientação familiar o melhor em todos os estudos. Ter especialização e vínculo estatutário foram predominantemente frequentes como fatores associados. Conclusão: Os resultados mostram que o acesso aos serviços de saúde ainda precisa ser fortalecido e/ou ampliado e que, por outro lado, fatores como a formação e a vinculação do trabalhador fortalecem o desempenho da APS. Objetivo APS, , (APS) atributos médicos Método Institute 202 palavraschave palavras chave assessment quality care. . care” língua PCAToolBrasil, PCAToolBrasil PCATool Brasil, Brasil PCATool-Brasil profissionais Resultados 1 estudos 201 2022 brasileiros 65 6 5 6, 82 8 2 8, total associados Conclusão eou ou lado (APS 20

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the scientific evidence on the performance of PHC, based on the presence and extent of its attributes, in the view of nurses and physicians. Method: Scoping review according to the recommendations of the Joanna Brigss Institute, carried out between January 2023 on eight databases, and updated in December 2023. The keywords “primary health care assessment” and “quality of primary health care” were used. Articles in any language were included, which used the PCATool-Brazil instrument, professional version, with a population of nurses and physicians. Results: Nineteen studies were included, published between 2012 and 2022, in nine Brazilian states. The overall average of PHC performance ranged from 6.5 to 8.2 and only two of the total indicated low performance of PHC services. Regarding the attributes, accessibility showed the worst performance and family orientation the best in all the studies. Specialization and statutory employment were predominantly frequent as associated factors. Conclusion: The results show that access to health services still needs to be strengthened and/or expanded and that, on the other hand, factors such as training and worker attachment strengthen PHC performance. Objective attributes physicians Method Institute 202 databases assessment quality included PCAToolBrazil PCATool Brazil instrument version Results 201 2022 states 65 6 5 6. 82 8 2 8. Conclusion andor or hand 20

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar las evidencias científicas sobre el desempeño de la APS, basado en la presencia y extensión de sus atributos, según la visión de los enfermeros y médicos. Método: Es una revisión de alcance conforme recomendaciones del Instituto Joanna Brigss, desarrollada entre enero de 2023 en ocho bases de datos y actualizada en diciembre de 2023. Las palabras clave utilizadas fueron “primary health care assessment” y “quality of primary health care. Se incluyeron artículos en cualquier idioma que utilizara el instrumento PCATool-Brasil, versión profesional, con población de enfermeros y médicos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 19 estudios publicados entre 2012 y 2022 en nueve estados brasileños. El promedio general del desempeño de la APS osciló entre 6,5 y 8,2 y del total; solo dos de los servicios de APS indicaron un valor bajo. En cuanto a los atributos, la accesibilidad tuvo el peor desempeño y la orientación familiar el mejor en todos los estudios. La especialización y el contrato estatutario fueron los factores asociados más frecuentes. Conclusión: Los resultados demuestran que el acceso a la salud necesita fortalecerse y/o ampliarse y que factores como la capacitación y el vínculo laboral fortalecen el desempeño de la APS. Objetivo atributos médicos Método Brigss 202 assessment quality PCAToolBrasil, PCAToolBrasil PCATool Brasil, Brasil PCATool-Brasil profesional Resultados 1 201 brasileños 65 6 5 6, 82 8 2 8, total bajo frecuentes Conclusión yo o 20

Resumo Esse artigo investiga em que medida as fontes de desigualdades do desempenho escolar e de expectativas educacionais por raça/cor são resultantes de desvantagens socioeconômicas, da heterogeneidade de estilos parentais ou se advêm de fatores residuais não observáveis. As análises utilizam dados da pesquisa Fundaj que disponibiliza informações relativas à raça/cor, aspirações educacionais futuras e uma avaliação longitudinal do desempenho escolar. A estratégia de identificação utiliza o método de Propensity Score Matching. Os resultados mostram que as disparidades educacionais entre estudantes do 6º ano do ensino fundamental da rede pública do Recife, que se declaram pretos ou de outra raça/cor, persistem em termos de reprovação e expectativa de ingresso ao ensino superior, mesmo após o condicionamento em um amplo controle de observáveis, sugerindo que a fonte dessas disparidades decorre de fatores não observáveis na análise. Apesar das famílias de estudantes pretos se engajarem mais ativamente no acompanhamento escolar de seus filhos do que familiares de estudantes não-pretos, esse maior envolvimento não tem sido suficiente para neutralizar as desigualdades educacionais por raça/cor. Alunos pretos possuem taxas de reprovação maiores do que seus colegas não-pretos e menores expectativas de acesso ao ensino superior em cerca de 5 pontos percentuais, diferenças estatisticamente significantes a 5%. raçacor raça cor socioeconômicas Matching º Recife análise nãopretos, nãopretos pretos, percentuais 5%

Abstract The study investigates the extent to which the sources of school performance inequalities and educational expectations by race / color are the result of socioeconomic disadvantages, the heterogeneity of parenting styles or whether they result from unobservable residual factors. The analyzes use data from the Fundaj (2013) research that provides information on race, future educational aspirations, and a longitudinal evaluation of the student’s school performance. The identification strategy uses the method of propensity score matching (PSM). The results show that the educational disparities between students of the 6th grade of Recife, who declare themselves to be black or of another ethnic group, persist in terms of failure and expectation of entering higher education, even after conditioning in a broad control of observables, suggesting that the source of these disparities stem from factors not observable in the analysis. Despite the fact that families of black students are more actively involved in the school monitoring of their children than families of non-black students, this greater involvement has not been enough to neutralize educational inequalities by race/color. Black students have higher failure rates than their non-black peers and lower expectations of access to higher education by about 5 percentage points, statistically significant differences at 5%. disadvantages 2013 (2013 aspirations student s PSM. PSM . (PSM) th Recife group observables analysis nonblack non racecolor race/color points 5% 201 (201 (PSM 20 (20 2 (2 (

ABSTRACT. This experiment aimed to evaluate the forage species and their effect on fruit production of the chayote crop. For this, the culture was under observation in the first ten minutes at each time, from 7:00 am to 6:00 pm, with three repetitions, in each year studied (1994, 2001, 2009 and 2016). With the exception of 2009, Trigona spinipes stingless bees were frequent and constant insects in these flowers between 8:00 am and 1:00 pm, visiting mainly male flowers for nectar collection and due to foraging behavior this stingless bee may be considered a pollinator of the chayote.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to assess the necessity of routine intraoperative cell salvage in liver transplantations. Methods: A total of 327 liver transplants performed between 2014 and 2016 was included in the analysis. Patient data, including pre-transplant examinations, intraoperative red blood cell transfusions, and procedural information, were collected. Results: The median age of the patients was 54 years old, with 67% (219) being male. The most prevalent ABO blood type was O, accounting for 48% (155) of cases. The leading causes of liver disease were hepatitis C (113 cases, 34.6%) and alcohol-related liver disease (97 cases, 29.7%). Out of the 327 liver transplants, allogeneic red blood cell transfusions were administered in 110 cases (34%) with a median of two units of red blood cells per case. Cell salvage was employed in 237 transplants (73%), and successful blood recovery was achieved in 221 cases (93%). Among the group that recovered more than 200 mL of blood, the median volume of recovered blood was 417 mL, with no transfusion of allogeneic blood required. A total of 90 transplants was performed without utilizing cell salvage, and, among these cases, 19 required blood transfusions, with a median of zero units transfused. Conclusions: This study suggests that routine cell salvage is unnecessary for all liver transplantations. The most suitable indication for its use is in patients presenting with portal vein thrombosis and abnormal creatinine levels. Purpose transplantations Methods 32 201 analysis data pretransplant pre transplant examinations information collected Results 5 old 67 219 (219 male O 48 155 (155 113 (11 34.6% 346 34 6 alcoholrelated alcohol related 97 (9 29.7%. 297 29.7% . 29 7 29.7%) 11 34% (34% case 23 73%, 73 73% , (73%) 22 93%. 93 93% (93%) 20 41 9 1 transfused Conclusions levels 3 21 (21 4 15 (15 (1 34.6 ( 29.7 2 (34 (73% (93% (2 34. 29. (3 (73 (93 (7

Resumo Introdução Os tumores malignos das glândulas salivares são entidades patológicas incomuns, representam menos de 5% das neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço. O prognóstico dos pacientes com tumores malignos das glândulas salivares é altamente variável e alguns fatores clínicos podem influenciar significativamente a sobrevida global. Objetivo Analisar as características clinicopatológicas e sociodemográficas que influenciam a sobrevida em pacientes com tumores malignos das glândulas salivares. Método Este estudo retrospectivo analisou sexo, idade, etnia, nível de escolaridade, localização do tumor, tamanho do tumor, envolvimento linfonodal, metástase distante, margens, tipo de tratamento, estado civil, método de acesso à assistência médica e sobrevida global em 15 anos de 193 pacientes com tumores malignos das glândulas salivares. Foram usados os testes X2, log-rank Mantel-Cox, regressão multinomial e regressão logística de Cox (SPSS 20.0, p < 0,05). Resultados Os tipos histológicos mais comuns foram adenocarcinoma (32,1%), carcinoma adenoide cístico (31,1%) e carcinoma mucoepidermoide (18,7%). A taxa de sobrevida global em 15 anos foi de 67,4%, com média de 116 ± 6 meses. A análise univariada revelou que sexo masculino (p = 0,026), idade > 50 anos (p = 0,001), origem de referência do sistema público de saúde (p = 0,011), estádio T (p = 0,007), estádio M (p < 0,001)), estágio clínico (p < 0,001), margens cirúrgicas comprometidas (p = 0,013) e quimioterapia (p < 0,001) foram associados a um prognóstico ruim. As análises multivariadas também mostraram que a idade > 50 anos foi associada independentemente a um prognóstico ruim (p = 0,016). O nível de escolaridade foi o único fator mais prevalente em pacientes idosos (p = 0,011). Conclusão Pacientes com tumores malignos das glândulas salivares acima de 50 anos apresentam pior prognóstico e associação independente com baixo nível de escolaridade.

Abstract Introduction Malignant tumors of the salivary glands are uncommon pathological entities, representing less than 5% of head and neck neoplasms. The prognosis of patients with malignant tumors of the salivary glands is highly variable and certain clinical factors can significantly influence overall survival. Objective To analyze the clinicopathologic and sociodemographic characteristics that influence survival in patients with malignant tumors of the salivary glands Methods This retrospective study analyzed sex, age, race, education level, tumor location, tumor size, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, margin status, treatment type, marital status, method of health care access and 15-year overall survival in 193 patients with malignant tumors of the salivary glands. The X², log-rank Mantel-Cox, multinomial regression and Cox logistic regression tests were used (SPSS 20.0,p < 0.05). Results The most common histological types were adenocarcinoma (32.1%), adenoid cystic carcinoma (31.1%) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (18.7%). The 15-year overall survival rate was 67.4%, with a mean of 116 ± 6 months. The univariate analysis revealed that male sex (p = 0.026), age > 50 years (p = 0.001), referral origin from the public health system (p = 0.011), T stage (p = 0.007), M stage (p < 0.001), clinical stage (p < 0.001), compromised surgical margins (p = 0.013), and chemotherapy (p < 0.001) were associated with a poor prognosis. Multivariate analyses also showed that age > 50 years was independently associated with a poor prognosis (p = 0.016). The level of education was the only factor more prevalent in older patients (p = 0.011). Conclusion Patients with malignant tumors of the salivary glands older than 50 years have a worse prognosis and an independent association with a low education level.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar diferentes modelos não lineares para o ajuste das curvas de crescimento de animais da raça Nelore Mocho e estimar os parâmetros genéticos para os componentes da curva de crescimento. Foram utilizados dados de peso corporal-idade do nascimento aos 650 dias de idades de 6.717 bovinos da raça Nelore Mocho, pertencentes à Associação Brasileira de Criadores de Zebu (ABCZ), referentes ao período de 1980 e 2011. Quatro modelos não lineares (Brody, Bertalanffy, Logístico e Gompertz) foram ajustados e comparados pelo coeficiente de determinação ajustado (R2adj), desvio médio absoluto dos resíduos (DMA), raiz quadrada do quadrado médio do resíduo (RMSE), critério de informação de Akaike (AIC) e o critério de informação bayesiano (BIC). Para estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos e valores genéticos do peso assintótico (A), constante de integração (B) e taxa de maturação (K), utilizou-se o método de inferência Bayesiana. O modelo Brody apresentou os menores valores de DMA, RMSE, AIC e BIC e o maior R2adj. As estimativas de herdabilidade foram 0,11; 0,16 e 0,30 para os parâmetros A, B e K, respectivamente, enquanto as correlações genéticas foram de 0,01 (A-B), -0,91 (A-K) e 0,24 (B-K). Constatou-se que o modelo Brody forneceu o melhor ajuste. O parâmetro K apresenta variabilidade genética suficiente para seleção no rebanho. Animais com maior peso na idade adulta tendem a apresentar menores taxas de crescimento. Apesar da baixa estimativa de herdabilidade do parâmetro A, observou-se ganhos genéticos, indicando que a seleção está sendo eficiente sobre o peso assintótico.

ABSTRACT This study was undertaken to compare different non-linear models for fitting growth curves of Polled Nellore animals as well as to estimate genetic parameters for the components of the growth curve. The study involved body weight-age data of 6,717 Polled Nellore cattle from birth to 650 days of age, which belonged to the Brazilian Association of Zebu Breeders (ABCZ), corresponding to the period from 1980 to 2011. Four non-linear models (Brody, Bertalanffy, Logistic, and Gompertz) were fitted and compared by the adjusted coefficient of determination (R2adj), mean absolute deviation of residuals (MAD), root mean square error (RMSE), Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC). To estimate the genetic parameters and genetic values of asymptotic weight (A), integration constant (B), and maturation rate (K), the Bayesian inference method was adopted. The Brody model showed the lowest values of MAD, RMSE, AIC, and BIC and the highest R2adj. Heritability estimates for parameters A, B, and K were 0.11, 0.16, and 0.30, respectively, whereas genetic correlations were 0.01 (A-B), -0.91 (A-K), and 0.24 (B-K). The Brody model provided the best fit. The K parameter shows enough genetic variability for selection in the herd. Heavier animals in adulthood tend to exhibit lower growth rates. Despite the low heritability estimate of parameter A, there were genetic gains, indicating that selection is being efficient on asymptotic weight.

RESUMO A composição da carne bovina é influenciada diretamente pela gordura da dieta, principalmente em ruminantes, devido à biohidrogenação ruminal, que promove alterações no perfil de ácidos graxos dietéticos e afeta a qualidade da carne. Foram avaliadas às composições sensoriais, químicas e de ácido graxo da carne, da gordura intramuscular e subcutânea, de 40 machos Nelore terminados em dieta de confinamento contendo caroço de algodão (CSB) e subproduto de soja (SOB) como fontes de gordura de subprodutos agroindustriais. CSB, não alterou o pH da carne, força de cisalhamento, composição química ou perfil de ácido graxo subcutâneo em comparação com a dieta SOB. Diferenças foram observadas na cor amarela e vermelha da carne bovina, com baixa e alta inclusão de CSB na dieta; a inclusão de SOB na dieta levou a um aroma intensamente desagradável em carnes envelhecidas e cozidas. Em relação ao perfil de ácido graxo da carne bovina, CSB com 3% de gordura dietética produziu bifes com menor proporção de C 17: 0 , tendo 1.359 e 3.238 g / 100 g de ácido graxo intramuscular, enquanto CSB com 5% de gordura dietética levou a um aumento de C 18: 2n- 6 , com 0,298 e 0,132 g / 100 g de ácido graxo intramuscular em bifes de animais alimentados com CSB e SOB, respectivamente. CSB produziu cor vermelha bovina mais intensa, aroma desagradável e maior teor de ácido linoléico; entretanto, a cor e o aroma da carne produzida em bovinos alimentados com CSB na dieta foram menos intensos e semelhantes aos observados em bovinos alimentados com SOB; estes poderiam, portanto, ser recomendados para uso como subprodutos agroindustriais na dieta de bovinos de corte.

ABSTRACT Beef composition are directly influenced by the dietary fat, particularly in ruminants, due to rumen biohydrogenation, which promotes alterations in the dietary fatty acid (FA) profile and affects the meat quality. Beef sensorial, chemical, and FA compositions of intramuscular and subcutaneous fat were evaluated, from 40 Nellore males finished on feedlot diet based, containing cottonseed (CSB) and soybean by-product (SOB) as agro-industrial by-product fat sources. CSB as a fat source, did not alter the beef pH, shear force, chemical composition, or subcutaneous FA profile compared with the SOB diet. Differences were observed at yellow and red beef color, with low and high CSB diet inclusion; on the contrary, inclusion of SOB in the diet led to an intensely unpleasant aroma in aged and cooked meats. Regarding beef FA profile, CSB with 3% dietary fat produced steaks with a lower proportion of C 17:0 , having 1.359 and 3.238 g/100 g of intramuscular FA, whereas CSB with 5% dietary fat led to an increase in C 18:2 n -6 , with 0.298 and 0.132 g/100 g of intramuscular FA in steaks from animals fed with CSB and SOB, respectively. CSB produced more intense red beef color, unpleasant aroma, and higher linoleic acid content; however, the color and aroma of the meat produced from cattle fed with CSB in the diet were less intense and were like those observed in cattle fed with SOB; these could therefore be recommended for use as agro-industrial by-products in beef cattle diet.

RESUMO: Esta pesquisa avaliou os efeitos da irrigação no crescimento e na produtividade da mandioca irrigada nos Tabuleiros Costeiros alagoanos. O plantio foi feito em blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram níveis de irrigação em função da evapotranspiração da cultura - ETC (L0 = 0% (sequeiro), L1 = 40%, L2 = 80%, L3 = 120%, L4 = 160% e L5 = 200% da ETC). A lâmina total foi definida como o total da irrigação mais a chuva efetiva. A evapotranspiração anual da cultura da mandioca nos Tabuleiros Costeiros de Alagoas é 1.030 mm. O crescimento das plantas aumentou significativamente com a irrigação e os valores máximos das seguintes variáveis são: índice de área foliar = 7,6; comprimento de raízes comerciais = 49 cm; produtividades (física e econômica) máximas de raízes comerciais = 94 t ha-1 e biomassa total = 149 t ha-1 e o índice de colheita = 0,66, todos obtidos com lâminas de irrigação totais (chuva efetiva mais irrigação) entre 817 e 963 mm. Por fim, ratifica-se que entender o crescimento, as produtividades agrícola e economicamente viáveis da mandioca irrigada, é fator indispensável para se fazer um bom manejo da cultura, principalmente, em regiões com irregularidade de chuvas como o nordeste brasileiro.

ABSTRACT: This research evaluated the effects of the irrigation on growth and productivity of irrigated cassava in the Coastal Plateaus of Alagoas. The planting was done in randomized blocks, with six treatments and four replications. The treatments were irrigation levels in function of crop evapotranspiration - ETC (L0 = 0% (rainfed), L1 = 40%, L2 = 80%, L3 = 120%, L4 = 160% and L5 = 200% of ETC). The total water applied was defined as the total irrigation plus the effective rain. The annual evapotranspiration of the cassava plantations in the Costal Plateaus of Alagoas, was 1,030 mm. Plant growth increased significantly with irrigation and the maximum values of the following variables are: leaf area index = 7.6, length of commercial roots = 49 cm, maximum productivity (physical and economic) of commercial roots = 94 Mg ha-1 and total biomass = 149 Mg ha-1 and the harvest index = 0.66, all obtained with total irrigation depths (effective rain plus irrigation) between 817 and 963 mm. Finally, it is ratified that understanding the growth, the agricultural and economically viable productivity of irrigated cassava, is an indispensable factor for good management of the crop, especially in regions with irregular rainfall such as the Northeast of Brazil.