RESUMO Este estudo analisou um biomaterial substituto ósseo recentemente desenvolvido feito de óxido de quitosana- xantana-hidroxiapatita-grafeno (CXHAG). As partículas CXHAG observaram caracterização estrutural e morfológica in vitro. Foi testado in vivo, com ou sem meio condicionado osteogênico de células-tronco mesenquimais. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se o novo biomaterial CXHAG, suplementado com meio condicionado de células-tronco mesenquimais, poderia ser útil para a regeneração óssea. Materiais e Método Para o estudo in vitro, as células foram incubadas com 20mg de grânulos de CXHAG por 24 horas e foi realizado ensaio de MTT para verificar a citotoxicidade. Para o estudo in vivo, foram criados defeitos ósseos de tamanho crítico na calvária em vinte e cinco ratos. Um animal teve o defeito não preenchido (Grupo Controle – GC) e foi eutanasiado após 42 dias. Doze ratos receberam as partículas CXHAG (Grupo 1 – G1) e os outros doze receberam as partículas CXHAG suplementadas com o meio condicionado (Grupo 2 – G2). Todos os enxertos G1/G2 foram cobertos com membrana CXHAG. Os animais do G1/G2 foram eutanasiados após 14 dias (T1) ou 42 dias (T2). Os espécimes foram processados e avaliados histologicamente. Resultados A análise SEM das partículas CXHAG mostrou grânulos de 300-400μm, com superfície áspera e irregular. Eles não foram citotóxicos para células-tronco da polpa dentária in vitro. As amostras CG mostraram tecido conjuntivo imaturo frouxo e nenhuma formação óssea no centro do defeito. G1 e G2 apresentaram partículas remanescentes de biomateriais em ambos os momentos, mas apenas G2 apresentou formação óssea no centro do defeito. Conclusões O meio condicionado teve repercussões positivas na regeneração óssea em defeitos críticos de calvária de ratos quando associado ao novo biomaterial substituto ósseo.

ABSTRACT This study analyzed a recently developed bone substitute biomaterial made of chitosan-xanthanhydroxyapatite- graphene oxide (CXHAG). The CXHAG particles underwent in vitro structural and morphological characterization, and in vivo testing with or without osteogenic conditioned medium from mesenchymal stem cells. Aim The aim of this study was to determine whether the CXHAG novel biomaterial, supplemented with conditioned medium from mesenchymal stem cells, could be useful for bone regeneration. Materials and Method For the in vitro study, cells were incubated with 20mg of CXHAG granules for 24 hours and a MTT assay was performed to tests for cytotoxicity. For the in vivo study, critical size calvarial bone defects were created in twenty-five rats. One animal had the defect unfilled (Control Group–CG) and was euthanized after 42 days. Twelve rats received the CXHAG particles (Group 1–G1) and the other twelve received the CXHAG particles supplemented with the conditioned medium (Group 2–G2). All G1/G2 grafts were covered with a CXHAG membrane. G1/G2 animals were euthanized after 14 days (T1) or 42 days (T2). The specimens were processed and histologically evaluated. Results SEM analysis of the CXHAG particles showed granules of 300-400μm, with a rough irregular surface. They were not cytotoxic to dental pulp stem cells in vitro. The CG specimen showed loose immature connective tissue and no bone formation at the center of the defect. G1 and G2 presented remnant biomaterial particles at both time points, but only G2 had bone formation at the center of the defect. Conclusions The conditioned medium had a positive effect on bone regeneration in rat calvarial critical size defects when associated with the novel bone substitute biomaterial.

Aim this review aims to present the mechanisms of protein interactions with titanium dental implant surfaces. Methods the analyses were based on searches of scientific articles available in English and Portuguese in PubMed (MEDLINE), Bireme (LILACS), Scielo, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Results titanium dental implant treatments success rates (95-98%) are mainly due to the biocompatibility of titanium oxide on the implant surface, surgical techniques adopted, good implants manufacturing processes and biomechanical knowledge of the systems. Studies in past decades has empirically developed implant surfaces with significant changes in morphologies, roughness, wettability, surface energy, chemical composition, and chemical groups density or deposited molecules. These changes promoted better protein adsorption, osteoblast adhesion, and changes in the mechanisms involved in osseointegration. Thus, the time to put the implant in function has been reduced and the success rates have increased. In the osseointegration process, at the nanoscale, there is no contact between the bone and the implant surface, but there is the formation of a protein anchorage between the periosteum and the implant with an interface formed by proteins. In all the reactions between the body and the implant surface, the activities of fibronectin and integrin are essential, since they are responsible for transmitting information to the cell for its differentiation, adhesion and mobility. Conclusion thus, the analyses of protein-implant interactions are indispensable for a better understanding of the performance of osseointegrated dental implants. MEDLINE, MEDLINE , (MEDLINE) LILACS, LILACS (LILACS) Scielo Scholar 9598% 9598 95 98% 98 (95-98% adopted systems morphologies roughness wettability energy composition molecules adsorption Thus increased process nanoscale proteins essential differentiation mobility thus proteinimplant (MEDLINE (LILACS 959 9 (95-98 (95-9 (95- (95 (9 (

RESUMO Os implantes dentários osseointegráveis são biomateriais constituídos de titânio ou outras ligas misturadas com titânio, as quais possuem alta biocompatibilidade e permitem a osseointegração. Esse processo pode ser modulado por alterações nos mecanismos complexos entre microbiota, resposta-imune e hospedeiro. O presente estudo busca apresentar como a interação sistema imune-microbiota-hospedeiro influenciam no processo de osseointegração proveniente de implantes dentários de titânio. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura através de busca eletrônica e manual em diversas bases de dados, incluindo PubMed, LILACS, Google Acadêmico, SciELO e Web of Science para artigos publicados nos últimos 20 anos em inglês e português. A formação de uma matriz provisória de fibrina na superfície dos implantes após a implantação implica no recrutamento, adesão e atividade das células imunes, com a liberação de moléculas pró-inflamatórias e recrutamento de neutrófilos. No segundo momento, monócitos e macrófagos (M1) são recrutados, produzindo espécies reativas a oxigênio. Já no estágio posterior da inflamação, macrófagos (M2) ajudam na regeneração do tecido com expressão de citocinas anti-inflamatórias. Além disso, a superfície dos implantes oferece um local para colonização microbiana mediada pela película salivar e características topográficas. Assim, em simbiose a modulação da resposta imune vai ser favorável à osseointegração. Contudo, em estado de doença periodontal, o processo disbiótico exacerba a progressão inflamatória modulando a resposta imune influindo em um processo cicatricial comprometendo a osseointegração. Diferentes condições da microbiota subgengival vão influenciar em cascatas imunológicas diferentes gerando respostas celulares diferentes e modulação positiva ou negativa do processo de osseointegração. respostaimune hospedeiro imunemicrobiotahospedeiro dados PubMed LILACS Acadêmico 2 português imunes próinflamatórias pró inflamatórias neutrófilos momento M1 M (M1 recrutados oxigênio inflamação M2 (M2 antiinflamatórias. antiinflamatórias anti inflamatórias. anti-inflamatórias disso topográficas Assim Contudo periodontal (M

ABSTRACT Osseointegrable dental implants are biomaterials made of titanium or other alloys mixed with titanium, which have high biocompatibility and allow osseointegration. However, this process can be modulated by changes in the complex mechanisms between microbiota, immune response and host. The present study aims to present how the immune system-microbiota-host interaction influences the osseointegration process of titanium dental implants and its alloys. A literature review was performed through electronic and manual searches in several databases, including PubMed, LILACS, Google Scholar, SciELO and Web of Science for articles published in the last 20 years in English and Portuguese. The formation of a temporary fibrin matrix on the implants surface after implantation implies the recruitment, adhesion and activity of immune cells at this site, with the release of pro-inflammatory molecules and recruitment of neutrophils. In the second moment, monocytes and macrophages (M1) are recruited, producing, in this step, reactive oxygen species. In the later stage of inflammation, macrophages (M2) help in tissue regeneration with expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, the implants surface provides a site for microbial colonization mediated by salivary pellicle and topographical features. Thus, in symbiosis the modulation of the immune response will be favorable to osseointegration. However, the dysbiotic process exacerbates the inflammatory progression modulating the immune response influencing abnormal tissue healing or scar and fibrosis formation, compromising osseointegration. Different conditions of the subgingival microbiota will influence different immunological cascades, generating different cellular responses and positive or negative modulation of the osseointegration process. However host systemmicrobiotahost system databases PubMed LILACS Scholar 2 Portuguese proinflammatory pro neutrophils moment M1 M (M1 recruited producing step species inflammation M2 (M2 antiinflammatory anti cytokines addition features Thus cascades (M

The peri-implant ligament is formed from the interface of bone tissue, through the anchoring of proteins and the surface of the dental implant. In this sense, it is relevant to understand the extent to which this ligament is structured and biomimics the periodontal ligament functions. Aim The goal of this scoping review is to present and analyze the peri-implant ligament composition and compare the extent to which this ligament is structured and biomimics the periodontal ligament functions. Methods This scoping review was performed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for scoping review. Two independent researchers searched Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase, Virtual Health Library, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science, Brazilian Bibliography of Dentistry, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations from the University of São Paulo and Portal Capes. Studies published in English, Portuguese and Spanish, over the last 21 years (2000-2021). Results A total of 330 titles were identified and after applying inclusion and exclusion factors, 27 studies were included in this review. All proteins were identified regarding their tissue function and classified into 6 major protein groups. After that this new protein ligament was compared with the periodontal ligament regarding its function and composition. The main proteins associated with osseointegration, and thus, with the peri-implant ligament are recognized as belonging to the periodontal ligament. Conclusion This scoping review results suggest evidence of the composition and function of the peri-implant ligament. However, variations may still exist due to the existence of several modulants of the osseointegration process. periimplant peri implant sense functions Metaanalyses Meta analyses Pubmed Cochrane Embase Scielo Scopus Science Dentistry Sciences Capes English Spanish 2 20002021. 20002021 2000 2021 . (2000-2021) 33 factors groups thus However process 2000202 200 202 (2000-2021 3 200020 20 (2000-202 20002 (2000-20 (2000-2 (2000- (2000 (200 (20 (2 (