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1.
Benefits of supplementation with diphenyl diselenide in dairy cows in transition period: metabolic, immune and antioxidant effects period metabolic
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Rodrigues, C.M.
; Moraes, M.L.
; Schneider, M.
; Collet, S.G.
; Prestes, A.M.
; Cibin, F.W.S.
; Gomes, V.
; Blagitz, M.G.
; Rocha, J.B.T.
; Leal, M.L.R.
.
Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
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RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação com disseleneto de difenila (PhSe)2 durante o período de transição, no metabolismo, na imunidade, no status oxidativo e na produção pós-parto de vacas leiteiras. Vinte e sete fêmeas Holandesas foram distribuídas nos grupos: (PhSe)2 (GDD), recebeu μmol/kg de (PhSe)2 em 4mL de dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) subcutâneo; DMSO (GDMSO) e NaCl (GNACL), receberam 4mL de DMSO e NaCl 0,9%. Aos 42, 28 e 14 dias pré-parto e no dia do parto (0), avaliou-se escore de condição corporal (ECC) e realizou-se pesagem e administrações. Nos dias zero, sete, 14, 21 e 35 pós-parto, avaliou-se ECC e coletou-se sangue. Da primeira ordenha pós-parto, obteve-se colostro. A produção foi mensurada, e o leite coletado aos sete, 14, 21 e 35 dias pós-parto. O GDD apresentou valores superiores de proteína total (PT) e globulinas (GLOB) sete dias pós-parto, e incremento do dia zero para os dias 21 e 35. A imunoglobulina G (IgG) do GDD foi superior nos dias 21 e 35, e elevou-se entre os dias sete e 21. No pós-parto PT, GLOB e IgG encontram-se fisiologicamente reduzidas; portanto, os resultados indicam que a suplementação de fêmeas em transição com (PhSe)2 estimulou a imunidade humoral pós-parto. PhSe2 PhSe 2 (PhSe) metabolismo pósparto pós leiteiras grupos GDD, , (GDD) μmolkg μmol kg mL (DMSO subcutâneo GDMSO (GDMSO GNACL, GNACL (GNACL) 09 0 9 0,9% 42 1 préparto pré 0, (0) avaliouse avaliou se (ECC realizouse realizou administrações 3 pósparto, parto, coletouse coletou sangue obtevese obteve colostro mensurada pósparto. parto. PT (PT (GLOB (IgG elevouse elevou encontramse encontram reduzidas portanto (PhSe (GDD (GNACL 0,9 4 (0 (
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diphenyl diselenide (PhSe) supplementation during the transition period on the metabolism, immunity, oxidative status, and milk production of postpartum dairy cows. Twenty-seven Holstein females were divided into groups: (PhSe) (DDG), which received 3 μmol/kg of (PhSe)2 in 4 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) subcutaneously, DMSO (DMSOG), and NaCl (NACLG) which received 4 mL of DMSO and 0.9% NaCl. Evaluation of body condition score (BCS), weighing and administrations were performed at 42, 28, and 14 days prepartum, and on the day of calving (0). On days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 35 postpartum, BCS was evaluated, and blood were collected. Colostrum was obtained from the first postpartum milking. Production was measured, and milk was collected on days 7, 14, 21, and 35 postpartum. DDG showed higher values of total protein (TP) and globulins (GLOB) 7 days postpartum and increase from day 0 to days 21 and 35. DDG immunoglobulin G (IgG) was higher on days 21 and 35, and increased between days 7 and 21. In postpartum TP, GLOB and IgG are physiologically reduced, therefore, the results indicate that supplementation of transition females with (PhSe) stimulated postpartum humoral immunity. PhSe (PhSe metabolism immunity status cows Twentyseven Twenty seven groups DDG, , (DDG) μmolkg μmol kg PhSe2 2 (DMSO subcutaneously DMSOG, DMSOG (DMSOG) NACLG (NACLG 09 9 0.9 BCS, (BCS) 42 28 1 prepartum 0. . (0) evaluated milking measured TP (TP (GLOB (IgG reduced therefore (DDG (DMSOG (BCS (0 (
2.
Standardization of a rapid quadruplex PCR method for the simultaneous detection of bovine, buffalo, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes DNA in milk
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Lima, J.S.
; Sampaio, A.P.P.O.
; Dufossé, M.C.S.
; Rosa, A.M.B.P.
; Sousa, P.F.M.
; Silva, J.B.
; Cardoso, G.V.F.
; Moraes, C.M.
; Roos, T.B.
.
Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
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RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi padronizar um protocolo de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) para a autenticação de leite bovino e bubalino e a detecção da presença de Salmonella spp. e Listeria monocytogenes. Para isso, o DNA-alvo foi extraído, misturado e submetido ao ensaio de PCR. Amostras de leite foram fraudadas e contaminadas experimentalmente com os micro-organismos, para se avaliar a detecção do DNA-alvo em diferentes tempos de cultivo, os títulos bacterianos e a concentração de material genético. Além disso, o protocolo foi testado com DNA extraído diretamente do alimento, sem a etapa de pré-enriquecimento. A PCR quadriplex proposta mostrou boa precisão na identificação de sequências de DNA-alvo. Foi possível identificar simultaneamente todas as sequências de DNA no momento da inoculação (0h), quando as amostras estavam contaminadas com 2 UFC/250mL, e com seis horas de cultura, quando o inóculo inicial foi de 1 UFC/250mL. Também foi possível detectar diretamente as sequências de DNA do alimento quando este foi inoculado com 3 UFC/mL de bactérias. Dessa forma, a metodologia proposta apresentou desempenho satisfatório, otimização do tempo de análise e potencial para detecção de micro-organismos em baixos títulos, podendo ser utilizada para detecção de fraude e contaminação.
ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to Standardize a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) protocol for the authentication of bovine and buffalo milk, and to detect the presence of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. For this, the target DNA was extracted, mixed, and subjected to a PCR assay. Milk samples were defrauded and experimentally contaminated with microorganisms to assess the detection of target DNA at different times of cultivation, bacterial titers, and concentration of genetic material. In addition, the protocol was tested with DNA extracted directly from food, without a pre-enrichment step. The proposed quadruplex PCR showed good accuracy in identifying target DNA sequences. It was possible to simultaneously identify all DNA sequences at the time of inoculation (0h), when the samples were contaminated with 2 CFU/250mL and with 6h of culture when the initial inoculum was 1 CFU/250mL. It was also possible to directly detect DNA sequences from the food when it was inoculated with 3 CFU/mL bacteria. Thus, the proposed methodology showed satisfactory performance, optimization of the analysis time, and a potential for the detection of microorganisms at low titers, which can be used for the detection of fraud and contamination.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12218
167 downloads
3.
The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA
; BACCARO, FABRICIO
; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA
; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA
; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA
; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS
; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO
; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.
; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO
; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS
; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.
; AKAMA, ALBERTO
; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO
; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES
; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA
; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA
; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA
; PENHA, JERRY
; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE
; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA
; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA
; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.
; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.
; MENIN, MARCELO
; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA
; ARAGÓN, SUSAN
; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO
; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO
; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E
; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA
; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO
; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA
; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS
; ANDRÉ, THIAGO
; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA
; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA
; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE
; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.
; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN
; MARQUES, RENATO
; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.
; SILVEIRA, MARCOS
; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA
; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA
; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE
; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM
; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA
; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON
; OKI, YUMI
; NOVAIS, SAMUEL
; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA
; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES
; OCHOA, ANA C.
; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.
; GATICA, AILIN
; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA
; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ
; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.
; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.
; NEME, ANDREA M.
; RUEDA, CARLA
; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE
; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS
; VALE, MARIANA M.
; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS
; CERQUEIRA, RUI
; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU
; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE
; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA
; BANHOS, AUREO
; HERO, JEAN-MARC
; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO
; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA
; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO
; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.
; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES
; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI
; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI
; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS
; FONTANA, CARLA S.
; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.
; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.
; RUEDA, MARTA P.
; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.
; PALOMO, LUCAS
; ITURRE, MARTA C.
; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY
; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.
.
Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604
1034 downloads
4.
Padronização de uma PCR para a autenticação do Salmo salar em pratos da culinária japonesa
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Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
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RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi padronizar uma PCR para a detecção do Salmo salar, a qual possa ser usada na autenticação do salmão utilizado em pratos da culinária japonesa e do pescado comercializado in natura. Para isso, dois lotes de sushi foram produzidos experimentalmente. Além disso, foram visitados 38 estabelecimentos que comercializam comida japonesa e 10 peixarias na região metropolitana de Belém, visando à coleta do sushi, do temaki e do pescado pertencente à espécie Salmo salar. Os dados demonstraram que a técnica foi eficiente para a autenticação de Salmo salar, visto que a espécie foi detectada tanto nas amostras de sushis preparados experimentalmente quanto nas alíquotas de pescados isolados, utilizados para a preparação do sushi. Em contrapartida, a espécie Salmo trutta não foi detectada nas amostras de sushis preparados com esta espécie nem nas alíquotas de pescado isolado. Além disso, foi possível a confirmação da utilização da espécie Salmo salar no preparo das amostras de sushi, temaki e de pescado. Portanto, concluiu-se que a técnica foi capaz de amplificar o DNA da referida espécie e não gerou identificação inespecífica quando a espécie Salmo trutta foi analisada, podendo ser uma ferramenta adequada para a autenticação do Salmo salar.
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to standardize a PCR for the detection of Salmo salar, which can be used in the authentication of salmon used in Japanese dishes and fish commercialized in natura. For this, two batches of sushi were produced experimentally. In addition, 38 establishments that sell Japanese food and 10 fishmongers in the metropolitan area of Belém were visited, aiming to collect sushi, temaki and fish belonging to the species Salmo salar. The data demonstrated that the technique was efficient for the authentication of Salmo salar, since the species was detected in both the experimentally prepared sushi samples and the isolated fish aliquots used for the preparation of sushi. In contrast, the species Salmo trutta was not detected in the sushi samples prepared with this species nor in the isolated fish aliquots. In addition, it was possible to confirm the use of the Salmo salar species in the preparation of sushi, temaki and fish samples. Therefore, it was concluded that the technique was able to amplify the DNA of this species and did not generate nonspecific identification when the species Salmo trutta was analyzed, being able to be a suitable tool for the authentication of Salmo salar.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10280
1450 downloads
5.
Imunogenicidade da proteína M recombinante de Streptococcus equi subsp. equi coadministrada com um adjuvante molecular
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Maciel, L.F.
; Magalhães, C.G.
; Moraes, C.M.
; Rosa, M.C.
; Mendonça, M.
; Moreira, A.N.
; Dummer, L.A.
; Finger, P.F.
; Ferreira, M.R.A.
; Leite, F.P.L.
; Conceição, F.R.
.
Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
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ABSTRACT The strangles is an infectious disease that affects horses from all ages and causes important economic losses in the equine-related business. The aim of this work was to evaluate the immunogenicity of the recombinant M protein from Streptococcus equi (rSeM) co-administered with the recombinant heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit from Escherichia coli (rLTB) in mice and horses. A total of 72 female Balb-c mice were divided into eight groups and 18 horses were divided into six groups. The animals were inoculated by intramuscular (IM) or intranasal (IN) routes with different treatments of rSeM, rLTB and/or Al(OH)3. The results obtained in both species, independent of administration routes, demonstrated that rSeM + rLTB had higher levels of specific serum immunoglobulins, however, in mucosal immunity the increase was not identified. Thus, the use of rSeM as vaccine antigen and rLTB as adjuvant can be a potential tool in the control of equine strangles.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-9288
1284 downloads
6.
Systemic and localized infection by Candida species in patients with rheumatic diseases receiving anti-TNF therapy
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Aikawa, Nadia E.
; Rosa, Daniela T.A.
; Del Negro, Gilda M.B.
; Moraes, Julio C.B.
; Ribeiro, Ana C.M.
; Saad, Carla Gonçalves
; Silva, Clovis A.
; Bonfá, Eloisa
.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de infecção sistêmica e localizada por Candida spp. e sua possível associação com dados demográficos, manifestações clínicas e laboratoriais e terapêutica em pacientes com doenças reumatológicas em uso de anti-TNF. Métodos: Foram incluídos pacientes consecutivos com doenças reumatológicas em uso de agentes anti-TNF. Foram analisados os seguintes fatores de risco até quatro semanas antes do estudo: uso de antibioticoterapia, imunossupressores, hospitalização e procedimentos invasivos. Todos foram avaliados para queixas clinicas, coletaram hemocultura específica para fungos e amostras de sangue para pesquisa de Candida spp. por reação em cadeia de polimerase. Resultados: Foram incluídos 194 pacientes [67 com artrite reumatoide (AR), 47 espondilite anquilosante (EA), 36 artrite idiopática juvenil (AIJ), 28 artrite psoriásica e 16 outros]. A média de idade era de 42 ± 16 anos, com 68 (35%) do sexo masculino e média de duração de doença de 15 ± 10 anos; 64 (33%) pacientes usavam adalimumabe, 59 (36%) etanercepte e 71 (36%) infliximabe; 81% faziam uso concomitante de imunossupressores. No momento do estudo, apenas um (0,5%) paciente apresentou infecção fúngica localizada (candidíase vaginal). Nenhum dos pacientes incluídos apresentou candidíase sistêmica com hemocultura positiva para fungos ou PCR positiva para Candida spp. em amostra de sangue periférico. Conclusões: Este foi o primeiro estudo que avaliou prevalência de doença fúngica invasiva e localizada por Candida em um expressivo número de pacientes reumatológicos em terapia anti-TNF e demonstrou baixo risco de candidíase, apesar da alta prevalência de uso de imunossupressores.
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of systemic and localized infection by Candida species and its possible association with demographic, clinical and laboratory manifestations and therapy in patients with rheumatic diseases taking TNF blockers. Methods: Consecutive patients with rheumatic diseases receiving anti-TNF agents were included. The following risk factors up to four weeks prior to the study were analyzed: use of antibiotics, immunosuppressant drugs, hospitalization and invasive procedures. All subjects were evaluated for clinical complaints; specific blood cultures were obtained for fungi and blood samples were collected for Candida spp. detection by polymerase chain reaction. Results: 194 patients [67 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 47 with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), 36 with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), 28 with psoriatic arthritis and 16 with other conditions] were included. The average age of patients was 42 ± 16 years, with 68 (35%) male and mean disease duration of 15 ± 10 years. Sixty-four (33%) patients were receiving adalimumab, 59 (30%) etanercept and 71 (36%) infliximab. Eighty-one percent of patients were concomitantly taking immunosuppressant drugs. At the time of the study, only one (0.5%) patient had localized fungal infection (vaginal candidiasis). None of the patients included had systemic candidiasis with positive blood cultures for fungi or PCR positive for Candida spp. in peripheral blood sample. Conclusions: This was the first study to assess the prevalence of invasive and localized fungal disease by Candida in a significant number of patients with rheumatic diseases on anti-TNF therapy, and demonstrated low risk of candidiasis, despite the high prevalence of immunosuppressive drug use.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbre.2015.08.004
9692 downloads
7.
Brucella abortus detected in cheese from the Amazon region: differentiation of a vaccine strain (B19) from the field strain in the states of Pará, Amapá and Rondônia, Brazil
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Silva, Jacqueline
; Moraes, Carina M. de
; Silva, Cleyzer L.
; Sales, Gustavo A.
; Keid, Lara B.
; Matos, Paulo C.M.
; Lara, Ana P.S.S.
; Moraes, Carla C.G.
.
Resumo: A brucelose é uma enfermidade infecto-contagiosa que causa grandes perdas econômicas à cadeia produtiva da carne e do leite, como consequência dos distúrbios reprodutivos nos animais, além de ser uma antropozoonose crônica. O objetivo deste estudo foi detectar DNA de Brucella spp. e fazer a distinção da cepa vacinal (B19) da cepa de infecção de campo. Foram adquiridas 66 amostras de diferentes queijos produzidos e comercializados em três estados pertencentes à Amazônia brasileira: Amapá (05), Pará (55) e Rondônia (06), somando 39 amostras de queijo de vaca e 27 de búfala. Deste total quatro eram produzidas em estabelecimentos com fiscalização de Serviço de Inspeção Federal, nove em estabelecimentos com Serviço de Inspeção Estadual, cinco eram de produção artesanal e as demais 48 amostras eram provenientes de produção informal. O DNA das amostras teste foi obtido por um protocolo de extração e a reação em cadeia pela polimerase foi realizada utilizando os oligoiniciadores B4 e B5 para detectar Brucella spp. e, os oligoiniciadores eri1 e eri2 para diferenciar cepa de infecção a campo da cepa vacinal B19. Os resultados mostraram que 21,21% (14/66) das amostras foram positivas para Brucella spp., destas 21,43% (3/14) foram positivas para B. abortus cepa de campo e 7,14% (1/14) foi identificada como cepa vacinal B19. Concluiu-se que foi possível identificar pela técnica da PCR Brucella spp. em queijos na região amazônica, além de diferenciar as cepas em amostra de B. abortus de infecção a campo ou cepa vacinal B19.
Abstract: Brucellosis is an infectious-contagious disease responsible for significant economic losses to the meat and milk supply chain, because it causes reproductive disorders in animals and is a chronic anthropozoonosis. This study was designed to detect the DNA of Brucella spp. in cheese and to differentiate between a vaccine strain (B19) and the field strain. Sixty-six samples of different cheeses which are produced and marketed in three states of the Brazilian Amazon region (Amapá [5 samples], Pará [55 samples] and Rondônia [6 samples]) were evaluated. Thirty-nine of these samples were from cheeses made from cow's milk, and 27 were from cheeses made from buffalo milk. Four of the 66 samples were from cheeses produced in milk processing plants regulated by the Federal Inspection Service (Serviço de Inspeção Federal); nine of the samples were from cheeses produced in processing plants regulated by the State Inspection Service (Serviço de Inspeção Estadual); five of the samples were from artisanal cheeses; and the remaining 48 samples were from informally produced cheese. DNA was obtained from the samples following a DNA extraction protocol, and PCR was conducted using primers B4 and B5 to detect Brucella spp. Primers eri1 and eri2 were used to differentiate the field strain from the B19 vaccine strain. The results showed that 21.21% (14/66) of the samples were positive for Brucella spp., of which 21.43% (3/14) were positive for the B. abortus field strain, and 7.14% (1/14) were identified as harboring vaccine strain B19. These results demonstrate that it is possible to identify Brucella spp. in cheese from the Amazon region using the PCR technique and to differentiate the B. abortus field strain from the B19 vaccine strain.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2016000800005
1952 downloads
8.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
33340 downloads
9.
Haptic anchoring and human postural control
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Mauerberg-de Castro, Eliane
; Moraes, Renato
; Tavares, Carolina Paioli
; Figueiredo, Gabriella Andreeta
; Pacheco, Stephanie C.M.
; Costa, Thais D.A.
.
Several studies have emphasized the contribution of haptic input that results from the use of rigid and non-rigid tools to the postural control system. Experimental protocols such as the light touch and the anchor system are based on individuals' haptic exploration of the environment through direct tactile-kinesthetic contact, or indirectly through rigid or flexible tools that are attached to the body. In this article, we introduce the main findings of humans' haptic use of non-rigid tools during postural control tasks. We illustrate the effects of an anchor system paradigm on the maintenance of stability via haptic information. Haptic anchoring includes the handling of flexible cables that are attached to loads that are in contact with a surface. We include results of studies about haptic information gathered during the holding of a walking dog's leash. Studies that used the anchor system demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing body sway in several groups, including young adults, children, older individuals, and intellectually disabled individuals. We discuss several experimental designs and intervention protocols in order to illustrate how haptic anchoring could prompt functional plasticity.
https://doi.org/10.3922/j.psns.2014.045
2121 downloads
10.
Cloning, expression and characterization of SeM protein of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and evaluation of its use as antigen in an indirect ELISA
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Moraes, C.M.
; Conceição, F.R.
; Rocha, A.S.R.
; Santos Júnior, A.G.
; Ribas, L.M.
; Vargas, A.P.C.
; Nogueira, C.E.W.
; Gil-Turnes, C.
; Leite, F.P.L.
.
Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
- Journal Metrics
A adenite equina é uma enfermidade economicamente importante de equinos, causada por Streptococcus equi subsp. equi. Seu diagnóstico pode ser confirmado de forma direta, por meio de isolamento bacteriano e de PCR, ou de forma indireta, por meio de ELISA, método baseado na detecção de anticorpos séricos. O objetivo deste estudo foi clonar, expressar e caracterizar a proteína SeM de Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, avaliar sua utilização como antígeno em um ELISA indireto e determinar a capacidade do teste de distinguir soros de animais negativos, vacinados e positivos. Para tal, foi inicialmente realizada a clonagem do gene que codifica para a proteína SeM e sua expressão em Escherichia coli. Posteriormente, a proteína produzida foi caracterizada e utilizada como antígeno em um teste de ELISA indireto. Para avaliação do teste, foram utilizadas amostras de soro de 40 potros negativos, de 46 equinos vacinados com uma vacina comercial contra adenite equina e de 46 equinos com diagnóstico da doença. O teste demonstrou alta sensibilidade e especificidade, permitindo discriminar entre soros negativos e positivos, positivos e de animais vacinados, e negativos e de animais vacinados. Assim, conclui-se que a proteína rSeM produzida pode ser usada como antígeno para o diagnóstico da enfermidade e que o ELISA descrito pode ser útil para avaliar o estado imunológico do rebanho.
Strangles is an economically important horse disease caused by Streptococcus equi subsp. equi. The diagnosis can be confirmed either directly by bacterial isolation and PCR or by ELISA, which is an indirect method based on the detection of serum antibodies. The aim of this study was to clone, express and characterize the SeM protein of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, evaluate its use as antigen in indirect ELISA and determine its performance to distinguish sera of negative, vaccinated and positive animals. This was initially performed by cloning the gene encoding the SeM protein and its expression in Escherichia coli. Subsequently, the protein produced was characterized and used as antigen in ELISA. Serum samples for evaluation were taken from 40 negative foals, 46 horses vaccinated with a commercial vaccine against strangles and 46 horses diagnosed with the disease. The test showed high specificity and sensitivity, allowing discrimination between negative and positive, positive and vaccinated animals, and vaccinated animals and negative sera. Thus, it was concluded that the protein produced rSeM, which can be used as antigen for disease diagnosis, and the described ELISA might be helpful to evaluate the immune status of the herd.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-6034
2742 downloads
11.
Sleep pattern and learning in knockdown mice with reduced cholinergic neurotransmission
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Queiroz, C.M.
; Tiba, P.A.
; Moreira, K.M.
; Guidine, P.A.M.
; Rezende, G.H.S.
; Moraes, M.F.D.
; Prado, M.A.M.
; Prado, V.F.
; Tufik, S.
; Mello, L.E.
.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
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Impaired cholinergic neurotransmission can affect memory formation and influence sleep-wake cycles (SWC). In the present study, we describe the SWC in mice with a deficient vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) system, previously characterized as presenting reduced acetylcholine release and cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions. Continuous, chronic ECoG and EMG recordings were used to evaluate the SWC pattern during light and dark phases in VAChT knockdown heterozygous (VAChT-KDHET, n=7) and wild-type (WT, n=7) mice. SWC were evaluated for sleep efficiency, total amount and mean duration of slow-wave, intermediate and paradoxical sleep, as well as the number of awakenings from sleep. After recording SWC, contextual fear-conditioning tests were used as an acetylcholine-dependent learning paradigm. The results showed that sleep efficiency in VAChT-KDHET animals was similar to that of WT mice, but that the SWC was more fragmented. Fragmentation was characterized by an increase in the number of awakenings, mainly during intermediate sleep. VAChT-KDHET animals performed poorly in the contextual fear-conditioning paradigm (mean freezing time: 34.4±3.1 and 44.5±3.3 s for WT and VAChT-KDHET animals, respectively), which was followed by a 45% reduction in the number of paradoxical sleep episodes after the training session. Taken together, the results show that reduced cholinergic transmission led to sleep fragmentation and learning impairment. We discuss the results on the basis of cholinergic plasticity and its relevance to sleep homeostasis. We suggest that VAChT-KDHET mice could be a useful model to test cholinergic drugs used to treat sleep dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X20133102
2266 downloads
12.
Suplemento de 1,25 dihidroxicolecalciferol e redução de cálcio e fósforo disponível para frangos de corte
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Souza, C.S.
; Vieites, F.M.
; Vasconcellos, C.H.F.
; Calderano, A.A.
; Nunes, R.V.
; Ferreira, C.M.
; Pereira, T.V.S.
; Moraes, G.H.K.
.
Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
- Journal Metrics
Avaliaram-se o desempenho e o rendimento de carcaça e cortes nobres de frangos de corte machos com suplemento nas rações de 1,25 dihidroxicolecalciferol e redução de cálcio e fósforo disponível. Foi utilizado um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos: 0,0; 1,0; 2,0; 3,0; 4,0 e 5,0µg de vitamina D3 ativa/kg de ração, e seis repetições com 17 aves cada. Aos 8 e 42 dias de idade cada unidade experimental foi pesada para avaliação do desempenho. Posteriormente, quatro aves/repetição foram retiradas e abatidas para mensuração do rendimento de carcaça e de cortes nobres. A inclusão da vitamina D3 ativa influenciou positivamente (P<0,05) o ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar com as suplementações de 1,0 e 2,0µg/kg. O consumo de ração não apresentou diferença significativa para os níveis estudados. O rendimento de carcaça e de cortes nobres de frangos de corte machos aos 42 dias não foram influenciados pelo suplemento de 1,25 dihidroxicolecalciferol e redução de cálcio e fósforo disponível nas rações. Recomenda-se o fornecimento suplementar de 1,0 a 2,0µg/kg de vitamina D3 ativa nas rações para frangos de corte machos de 8 a 42 dias de idade.
There were evaluated the performance, the carcass yield and noble cuts yield of broilers with supplement of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and reduction of calcium and available phosphorus. It was used a randomized block design, with six treatments: 0.0; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0; 4.0 and 5.0µg of active vitamin D3/kg of ration, and six repetitions with 17 birds each. At 8 and 42 days of age each experimental unit was weighted in order to evaluated the performance. Later, four broilers/repetition were removed and slaughtered in order to measure the carcass and noble cuts yield. The inclusion of active vitamin D3 influenced positively (P<0.05) the weight gain and the feed conversion at the supplementations of 1.0 and 2.0µg/kg. The feed intake wasn't significative among the studied levels. The carcass and noble cuts of male broilers at 42 days were not influenced by supplement of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and reduction of calcium and available phosphorus in rations. It is recommended to provide additional of 1.0 up to 2.0µg/kg of active vitamin D3 in rations for male broilers from 8 to 42 days of age.
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Cited 1 time in SciELO
13.
Candida albicans: genotyping methods and clade related phenotypic characteristics
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Lyon, Juliana P.
; Moraes, Karen C.M.
; Moreira, Leonardo M.
; Aimbire, Flávio
; Resende, Maria Aparecida de
.
Several molecular methods, such as Southern blotting hybridization, Multilocus Sequence Typing, and DNA microsatellite analysis, have been employed to genotype Candida albicans. The genotype analysis allows to group strains in clades, that is, a group composed of one ancestor and its descendants. These genotype studies demonstrate that clades distribution is influenced by geographic area as well as that antifungal resistance is associated with particular clades. These findings suggested that C. albicans reproduces mainly in a clonal manner, with certain degree of DNA microevolution. Additionally, virulence factors and site of isolation have also been associated with clade specificity. The present article is a brief review about the methods used for Candida genotyping and the correlated clade systems established. Special emphasis is given to Ca3 hybridization, MLST, and Microsatellites. The present work is also focused on the phenotypic and physiological traits associated with Candida clades.
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14.
Herança da resistência de azevém (Lolium multiflorum) ao glyphosate
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O glyphosate é o principal produto usado para manejo não-seletivo das plantas daninhas. Já foram identificados biótipos de azevém resistentes a esse herbicida no Rio Grande do Sul, os quais estão se tornando predominantes rapidamente. Objetivou-se neste trabalho identificar o tipo de herança, o número de genes que conferem resistência e o grau de resistência dos biótipos homozigotos e heterozigotos resistentes em azevém. Foram realizados cruzamentos recíprocos entre genitores suscetíveis e resistentes para obtenção de sementes F1 e, em seguida, efetuaram-se os retrocruzamentos resistente e sensível. Plantas F1 foram cruzadas, para obtenção da geração F2. Sobre as plantas F1, F2, RCr e RCs e genitores foi aplicado o glyphosate na dose de 720 g ha-1, para avaliar a segregação. A fim de avaliar o grau de resistência, as plantas F1 e os genitores resistente e sensível foram tratados com doses crescentes de glyphosate (0, 360, 720, 1.440 e 2.880 g ha-1). As plantas F1 evidenciaram resposta intermediária ao biótipo resistente e sensível, demonstrando que a interação alélica é do tipo dominância incompleta. As plantas F2 mostraram tendência para segregação 3:1, indicando que a característica resistência ao glyphosate é controlada por um gene semidominante.
Glyphosate is a non-selective herbicide used to control weeds. Azevem plants, which are tolerant to glyphosate, have been identified in Rio Grande do Sul, where they are rapidly becoming predominant. The objective of this work was to identify inheritance type, number of genes conferring resistance, and the degree of resistance in azevem plants. Reciprocal crossings between sensitive and resistant plants have been carried out to obtain F1 seeds which were crossed among themselves to obtain F2 plants .Herbicide containing 720 g ha-1 was applied on the F1, F2, RCr, Rc and parent plants to estimate segregation. To evaluate the degree of resistance of the F1 plants, resistant and sensitive parents were sprayed with increasing rates of glyphosate (0, 360, 720, 1.440 and 2.880 g ha-1). F1 plants showed intermediate response to the resistant and sensitive biotypes, indicating that allelic interaction is of the incomplete dominance type. F2 plants showed a tendency for segregation 3:1, indicating that resistance to glyphosate is controlled by a semi-dominant gene.
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CUG-BP and 3'UTR sequences influence PARN-mediated deadenylation in mammalian cell extracts
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Several mRNAs have been shown to exhibit distinct patterns of poly(A) shortening prior to their decay in vivo. In this study, we show that individual transcripts also demonstrate distinct patterns of deadenylation in in vitro systems derived from HeLa and Jurkat T cell cytoplasmic extracts. The major patterns observed were slow/synchronous and fast/asynchronous poly(A) tail shortening. For all RNA substrates tested, PARN was shown to be the enzyme responsible for the deadenylation patterns that were observed. Sequences in the 3' untranslated regions influenced the deadenylation pattern. Using a fragment of the 3'UTR of the c-fos mRNA as a model, the interaction of CUG-BP, the human homolog of EDEN-BP - a protein previously implicated in regulated deadenylation in Xenopus oocytes - was shown to be associated with changes in PARN-mediated deadenylation patterns. Our results suggest that association of CUG-BP with 3'UTR sequences can modulate the activity of the PARN deadenylase in mammalian cell extracts.
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