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ABSTRACT The largest proportion of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the Agriculture sector of the Brazilian national GHG inventory is derived from the large (>200 million head) herd of cattle. The greatest contribution to these emissions comes from the enteric methane from cattle, but the direct and indirect emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) from cattle excreta and N fertilizer are responsible for approximately 9 % of all national anthropogenic GHG emissions. Ammonia (NH3) can be volatilized from N fertilizer and cattle excreta and deposited in sites remote from the source, constituting an indirect source of N2O. This study aimed to determine whether direct N2O emissions and NH3 volatilization from N-fertilized pastures were greater than those derived from a mixed grass-legume pasture without N fertilizer addition. Emissions of N2O and NH3 from excreta and N fertilizer from a Palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) monoculture fertilized with 2 × 60 kg N ha-1 yr-1 urea were compared to those from a mixed Palisade grass-forage peanut (Arachis pintoi) pasture. Dung and urine were collected from these cattle, and NH3 losses and N2O emissions from the excreta and from N fertilizer were monitored using static chamber techniques. Volatilization of NH3 and N2O emissions were found to be greater from urine than from dung. Ammonia losses from excreta and urea fertilizer were low, not exceeding 6.8, 1.1, and 4.7 % of the N applied as urine, dung, and fertilizer, respectively. The N2O emissions showed a tendency to be greater for the urine from the N-fertilized compared to the mixed grass-legume pasture, and the N2O emissions from the urine of the N-fertilized pasture ranged from 0.08 to 0.94 % of applied urine N. The N2O emission from the N fertilizer was at maximum 0.46 % of the applied N. The direct N2O emissions and the loss of NH3 by volatilization (indirect N2O emission) from the excreta of cattle grazing the mixed grass-legume pasture were similar to, or lower than, the grazed grass monoculture fertilized with 120 kg N ha-1 yr-1. As the mixed pasture received no N fertilizer and hence no GHG emission from its manufacture or application, introducing forage peanut to the Urochloa brizantha pastures shows potential to be responsible for lower GHG emissions than the N fertilized grass pasture. (GHG >200 200 (>20 head NO O (N2O NH (NH3 Nfertilized grasslegume legume addition cv Marandu 6 ha1 ha 1 ha- yr1 yr yr- grassforage Arachis pintoi techniques dung low 68 8 6.8 11 1.1 47 4 7 4. respectively 008 0 08 0.0 094 94 0.9 046 46 0.4 12 yr1. 1. application >20 20 (>2 (NH 6. 00 0. 09 04 >2 (> > (

https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20240012

Soil nitrous oxide emissions from a soybean-wheat succession under different tillage systems in Southern Brazil soybeanwheat soybean wheat
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Monteiro, Rafael Cassador

; Franchini, Julio Cezar

; Jantalia, Claudia Pozzi

; Urquiaga, Segundo

; Alves, Bruno José Rodrigues

; Boddey, Robert Michael

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2023, Volume 47 N. spe elocation e0220135

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT No-tillage (NT) has been largely adopted in Brazil as a strategy for soil conservation, but for the last decade, there have been governmental incentives for its adoption arising from its potential for soil C accumulation. Notwithstanding, the soil mulch formed from crop residues favors the maintenance of soil moisture and nutrients in the upper soil layers, which stimulates soil microbial activity and may increase the potential for nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. In addition, double-cropping systems in the same year are typical in Brazil and the impact on the fraction of fertilizer N lost as N2O needs to be evaluated. This study aimed to assess the influence of soil tillage and N fertilization on N2O emissions in a wheat-soybean succession system as commonly practiced in southern Brazil. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Soybean research station located in Southern Brazil. Treatments were conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT), with and without nitrogen fertilization for the wheat and no N fertilizer for the soybean. Closed-static chambers were used to monitor N2O fluxes for two consecutive years. Together with gas monitoring, soil samples were also taken and analyzed for mineral N, soil moisture and labile carbon. Soybean yields were higher under NT, which seemed to be the result of a higher soil water availability that helped to overcome extended periods without rainfall. Soil N2O emissions were similar between CT and NT, with just a tendency for higher emissions under NT. The highest emissions occurred from the soybean crop. In the second year under NT, the emissions from the soybean crop were higher when preceded by N-fertilized wheat, but the converse was true under CT. None of the soil variables consistently correlated with N2O emissions, with mineral-N as the best predictor in the second wheat cycle and soil moisture in the first soybean cycle. Calculated emission factors were not statistically different between CT and NT and consistently lower than the IPCC default of 1 %. The calculated N2O emission intensity by relating N2O emission to grain yield showed an environmental advantage of NT compared to CT by presenting a 44 % reduction in soybean and similar values for fertilized wheat. Notillage No (NT conservation decade accumulation Notwithstanding layers NO O (N2O addition doublecropping double cropping evaluated wheatsoybean (CT notillage , Closedstatic Closed static years monitoring carbon rainfall Nfertilized mineralN 4

https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20220135

Fruit quality and genetic diversity of Spondias dulcis accessions
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Souza, Pedro Henrique Magalhães de

; Monteiro, Victoria Azevedo

; Rodrigues, Cláudia Dayane Marques

; Gomes, Francielly Rodrigues

; Oliveira, João Alison Alves

; Silva, Danielle Fabíola Pereira da

Revista Ceres

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apr 2022, Volume 69 N. 2 Pages 180 - 186

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Among the less exploited Brazilian native fruit trees, the Spondias dulcis (cajá-manga) has many uses, being their fruits appreciated in fresh consumption and its pulp used in popsicles, ice-creams, and jellies production. However, there is a lack of research on this species, being necessary more studies. This work aimed to characterize the physical and chemical quality and the genetic diversity of Spondias dulcis fruits harvested in different accessions in the municipality of Jataí - GO. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with six treatments (accessions), ten replications with ten fruits per plot, totaling a sample of 600 fruits. The fruits were evaluated for pulp and peel color, pulp yield, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, soluble solids content/titratable acidity ratio, and vitamin C content. The fruits from accessions M4 and M5 presented physical and chemical characteristics higher than the other plants. The evaluated accessions presented genetic variability, being the methodology employed efficiently to indicate this variability, in which the accession M2 was the most divergent.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202269020008

Estabelecimento de rota síntese da resina furfurílica em meio ácido visando minimizar a exotermia da reação
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Coimbra, Maria Claudia Ribeiro

; Rodrigues Brazil, Tayra

; Morgado, Guilherme Ferreira de Melo

; Ferreira Martins, Eduardo

; dos Anjos, Erick Gabriel Ribeiro

; Oyama, Isabela Monteiro Cesar

; de Souza Rodrigues, Jéssica

; Roberto Botaro, Vagner

; Stieven Montagna, Larissa

; Cerqueira Rezende, Mirabel

Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)

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2022, Volume 27 N. 3 elocation e20220054

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A resina furfurílica (RF) é uma bioresina obtida a partir do álcool furfurílico (AF), extraído de fontes renováveis. Essa resina quando curada apresenta excelentes características, como elevada dureza, estabilidade química e boa resistência mecânica, que viabilizam sua utilização em diferentes áreas, destacando-se os setores aeroespacial e de bioengenharia. No entanto, a sua utilização em larga escala ainda é limitada, devido ao difícil controle do seu processo de síntese, pois a reação de policondensação do AF é extremamente exotérmica. O presente trabalho visa contribuir com a área de síntese da RF, por meio do estudo de sua obtenção em meio ácido e em baixa temperatura (∼50 ºC), variando os tempos de reação (1, 2 e 3 h), visando um maior controle da exotermia do meio reacional. O sucesso das sínteses realizadas foi comprovado por análises de espectroscopia na região do infravermelho com transformada de Fourier, que evidenciaram a presença de cetonas e estruturas de acordo com Diels-Alder e de Dunlop e Peters. Medidas de viscosidade apresentaram baixos valores (230 a 470 mPa.s), os quais são concordantes com as baixas massas molares obtidas por cromatografia de permeação em gel ( M ¯ w: ∼800 g/mol). Esses resultados mostram que as condições de síntese utilizadas desfavoreceram cineticamente o avanço da reação; porém, não promoveram picos exotérmicos. As análises termogravimétricas (TGA) das RFs curadas com ácido p-toluenosulfônico (2 e 3%, m/m) mostraram perdas de massa desde o início da análise, devido à presença de água e de frações de baixa massa molar na amostra. Esses resultados são concordantes com as imagens obtidas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura, que mostraram um elevado volume de poros. Resultados relevantes foram observados nas análises de TGA sob atmosfera inerte, com valores elevados de carbono fixo (50–60%), indicando o potencial uso das RFs sintetizadas na área de materiais carbonosos.

ABSTRACT Poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA) is a bioresin obtained from furfuryl alcohol (FA) extracted from renewable sources. This resin, when cured, has excellent characteristics, such as high hardness, chemical stability, and good mechanical resistance, which make its use in different areas viable, especially in the aerospace and bioengineering sectors. However, its use on a large scale is still limited due to the difficult control of its synthesis process since the polycondensation reaction of FA is extremely exothermic. The present work aims to contribute to the area of PFA synthesis, through the study of its obtainment in acidic medium and at low temperature (∼50 ºC), varying the reaction times (1, 2, and 3 h), aiming at greater control of the exothermy of the reaction medium. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses confirmed the syntheses success, which showed the presence of ketones and structures according to Diels-Alder and the Dunlop and Peters. Viscosity measurements showed low values (230 to 470 mPa.s), which are in agreement with the low molar masses obtained by gel permeation chromatography ( M ¯ w: ∼800 g/mol). These results show that the synthesis conditions used kinetically unfavored the progress of the reaction but avoided exothermic peaks. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the PFAs cured with p-toluenesulfonic acid (2 and 3%, w/w) showed mass losses since the beginning of the analysis due to the presence of water and low molar mass fractions in the sample. These data agree with the images obtained by scanning electron microscopy, which showed a high volume of pores. Relevant results were observed in the TGA analysis under an inert atmosphere, with high values of carbon yield (50–60%), indicating the potential use of synthesized PFAs in the area of carbon materials.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-7076-rmat-2022-0054

Recommendations by the Scientific Department of Neuroimmunology of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (DCNI/ABN) and the Brazilian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunological Diseases (BCTRIMS) on vaccination in general and specifically against SARS-CoV-2 for patients with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system
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Becker, Jefferson

; Ferreira, Lis Campos

; Damasceno, Alfredo

; Bichuetti, Denis Bernardi

; Christo, Paulo Pereira

; Callegaro, Dagoberto

; Peixoto, Marco Aurélio Lana

; Sousa, Nise Alessandra De Carvalho

; Almeida, Sérgio Monteiro De

; Adoni, Tarso

; Santiago-Amaral, Juliana

; Junqueira, Thiago

; Pereira, Samira Luisa Apóstolos

; Gomes, Ana Beatriz Ayroza Galvão Ribeiro

; Pitombeira, Milena

; Paolilo, Renata Barbosa

; Grzesiuk, Anderson Kuntz

; Piccolo, Ana Claudia

; D´Almeida, José Arthur Costa

; Gomes Neto, Antonio Pereira

; Oliveira, Augusto Cesar Penalva De

; Oliveira, Bianca Santos De

; Tauil, Carlos Bernardo

; Vasconcelos, Claudia Ferreira

; Kaimen-Maciel, Damacio

; Varela, Daniel

; Diniz, Denise Sisterolli

; Oliveira, Enedina Maria Lobato De

; Malfetano, Fabiola Rachid

; Borges, Fernando Elias

; Figueira, Fernando Faria Andrade

; Gondim, Francisco De Assis Aquino

; Passos, Giordani Rodrigues Dos

; Silva, Guilherme Diogo

; Olival, Guilherme Sciascia Do

; Santos, Gutemberg Augusto Cruz Dos

; Ruocco, Heloisa Helena

; Sato, Henry Koiti

; Soares Neto, Herval Ribeiro

; Cortoni Calia, Leandro

; Gonçalves, Marcus Vinícius Magno

; Vecino, Maria Cecilia Aragón De

; Pimentel, Maria Lucia Vellutini

; Ribeiro, Marlise De Castro

; Boaventura, Mateus

; Parolin, Mônica Koncke Fiuza

; Melo, Renata Brant De Souza

; Lázaro, Robson

; Thomaz, Rodrigo Barbosa

; Kleinpaul, Rodrigo

; Dias, Ronaldo Maciel

; Gomes, Sidney

; Lucatto, Simone Abrante

; Alves-Leon, Soniza Vieira

; Fukuda, Thiago

; Ribeiro, Taysa Alexandrino Gonsalves Jubé

; Winckler, Thereza Cristina D’ávila

; Fragoso, Yara Dadalti

; Nascimento, Osvaldo José Moreira Do

; Ferreira, Maria Lucia Brito

; Mendes, Maria Fernanda

; Brum, Doralina Guimarães

; Glehn, Felipe Von

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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nov 2021, Volume 79 N. 11 Pages 1049 - 1061

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O DC de Neuroimunologia da ABN e o BCTRIMS trazem, nesse documento, as recomendações sobre vacinação da população com doenças desmielinizantes do sistema nervoso central (SNC) contra infecções em geral e contra o coronavírus da síndrome respiratória aguda grave 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causador da COVID-19. Destaca-se a gravidade do atual momento frente ao avanço da COVID-19 em nosso País, o que torna mais evidente e importante a criação de guia de referência para orientação aos médicos, pacientes e autoridades de saúde pública quanto à vacinação, meio efetivo e seguro no controle de determinadas doenças infecciosa. O DCNI/ABN e o BCTRIMS recomendam que os pacientes com doenças desmielinizantes do SNC (ex., EM e NMOSD) sejam constantemente monitorados, quanto a atualização do seu calendário vacinal, especialmente, no início ou antes da mudança do tratamento com uma droga modificadora de doença (DMD). É importante também salientar que as vacinas são seguras e os médicos devem estimular o seu uso em todos os pacientes. Evidentemente, deve ser dada especial atenção às vacinas com vírus vivos atenuados. Por fim, é importante que os médicos verifiquem qual DMD o paciente está em uso e quando foi feita a sua última dose, pois cada fármaco pode interagir de forma diferente com a indução da resposta imune.

ABSTRACT The Scientific Department of Neuroimmunology of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (DCNI/ABN) and Brazilian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunological Diseases (BCTRIMS) provide recommendations in this document for vaccination of the population with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) against infections in general and against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19. We emphasize the seriousness of the current situation in view of the spread of COVID-19 in our country. Therefore, reference guides on vaccination for clinicians, patients, and public health authorities are particularly important to prevent some infectious diseases. The DCNI/ABN and BCTRIMS recommend that patients with CNS demyelinating diseases (e.g., MS and NMOSD) be continually monitored for updates to their vaccination schedule, especially at the beginning or before a change in treatment with a disease modifying drug (DMD). It is also important to note that vaccines are safe, and physicians should encourage their use in all patients. Clearly, special care should be taken when live attenuated viruses are involved. Finally, it is important for physicians to verify which DMD the patient is receiving and when the last dose was taken, as each drug may affect the induction of immune response differently.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0162 1 downloads

Protocolo de Avaliação Miofuncional Orofacial com Escores Expandido: AMIOFE-E LACTENTES (6-24 MESES)
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Medeiros, Andréa Monteiro Correia

; Nobre, Gabriela Rodrigues Dourado

; Barreto, Íkaro Daniel de Carvalho

; Jesus, Elisdete Maria Santos de

; Folha, Gislaine Aparecida

; Matos, Anna Luiza dos Santos

; Nascimento, Sarah Catarina Santos do

; Felício, Cláudia Maria de

CoDAS

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2021, Volume 33 N. 2 elocation e20190219

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo Adaptar e validar conteúdo e aparência do Protocolo de Avaliação Miofuncional Orofacial com Escores Expandido (AMIOFE-E) para lactentes de 6 a 24 meses de idade. Método Estudo de validação. Os parâmetros foram baseados em literatura sobre desenvolvimento motor orofacial, experiência dos autores e painel de 10 especialistas. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva, Índice de Validade de Conteúdo e concordância entre especialistas. Resultados O protocolo foi organizado em blocos funcionais após manutenção, exclusão, modificação e acréscimo de itens, adaptando-se à faixa etária. Obteve-se alto nível de concordância em 90% dos itens. Na versão final foram acrescidos: histórico de alimentação e hábitos parafuncionais orofaciais, mobilidade facial, dentição, modo oral de respiração, deglutição de pastoso e detalhamentos específicos para a faixa etária. Acrescentou-se um manual operacional e uma tabela para registro de escores. Conclusão O Protocolo AMIOFE-E Lactentes e respectivo manual operacional foram validados quanto ao conteúdo e aparência, e poderá contribuir no diagnóstico miofuncional orofacial na faixa etária de 6 a 24 meses de idade.

ABSTRACT Purpose Adapt and validate the content and appearance of the Expanded Protocol of Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Scores (OMES-E) for nursing infants aged 6 to 24 months. Methods This is a validation study. The parameters were based on the literature on orofacial motor development, the authors’ experience, and on a committee of ten members. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, content validity index, and agreement among experts. Results The protocol was organized into functional blocks after maintenance, exclusion, modification, and addition of items, and was adapted according to the age group. A high level of agreement between experts was obtained for 90% of the items. The final version of the protocol includes new items such as history of feeding, orofacial parafunctional habits, facial mobility, dentition, oral breathing mode, swallowing of pasty food, and details specific for the age group. An operational manual and a table for recording the scores were also included. Conclusions The OMES-E Infants protocol was validated for its content and appearance, and may contribute to orofacial myofunctional diagnosis in the 6 to 24-month age group.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20202019219 2145 downloads

Differences in protein expression associated with ivermectin resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Sousa, Dauana Mesquita

; Cunha, Nivea Maria Ferreira da

; Silva, Deisianne Rodrigues da

; Aragão, Paulo de Tarso Teles Dourado de

; Aguiar, Mônica Valéria de Almeida

; Lobo, Marina Duarte Pinto

; Moreira, Ana Cristina de Oliveira Monteiro

; Cunha, Rodrigo Maranguape Silva da

; Miranda, Rodrigo Rodrigues Cambraia de

; Bevilaqua, Claudia Maria Leal

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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mar 2019, Volume 28 N. 1 Pages 105 - 112

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A administração indiscriminada de anti-helmínticos sintéticos, como a ivermectina, contribui para a seleção de subpopulações capazes de resistir ao efeito das drogas. Para entender os mecanismos de resistência à ivermectina em Caenorhabditis elegans, este estudo visou identificar alvos moleculares. Portanto, linhagens de C. elegans sensíveis e resistentes à ivermectina foram utilizadas. Os nematóides coletados foram adicionados ao tampão de extração e macerados em nitrogênio líquido para obtenção das proteínas. As proteínas extraídas foram separadas por peso molecular em SDS-PAGE para verificar sua integridade. Posteriormente, as proteínas de ambas as linhagens foram separadas por eletroforese bidimensional. Os géis foram analisados, os spots relevantes foram excisados e identificados por espectrometria de massa (NanoESI-Q-TOF e MASCOT®), em seguida, analisados em seus termos de GO e STRING®. A expressão aumentada de proteínas associadas à alta atividade metabólica, como as proteínas ATP-2 e ENOL-1, responsáveis pela síntese de ATP, foi observada. Além disso, foram identificadas as proteínas responsáveis pelo controle da função muscular (MLC-1, ACT-1 e PDI-2), sinalização (FAR-1 e FAR-2) e desenvolvimento embrionário (VHA-2). A análise das interações proteicas indicou que a maioria das proteínas identificadas na cepa resistente participa da mesma reação desencadeada pela ivermectina.

Abstract The indiscriminate administration of synthetic anthelmintics such as ivermectin contributes to the selection of subpopulations capable of resisting the drugs’ effects. To understand the mechanisms of ivermectin resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans, this study attempted to identify molecular targets. C. elegans lineages that were sensitive and resistant to ivermectin were used. Collected nematodes were added to an extraction buffer and macerated in liquid nitrogen for protein extraction. The extracted proteins were separated according to molecular weight by SDS-PAGE to verify their integrity. Subsequently, proteins from both lineages were separated using two-dimensional electrophoresis. The gels were analyzed and the relevant spots were excised and identified by mass spectrometry (NanoESI-Q-TOF and MASCOT®) and subsequently assessed by GO enrichment and STRING® analyses. The increased expression of proteins associated with high metabolic activity, such as ATP-2 and ENOL-1, which are responsible for ATP synthesis, was observed. Furthermore, proteins with involvement in mediating muscular function (MLC-1, ACT-1, and PDI-2), signaling (FAR-1 and FAR-2), and embryo development (VHA-2) were identified. Protein interaction analysis indicated that the majority of the identified proteins in the resistant lineages participated in the same reaction triggered by ivermectin.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612019013 1256 downloads

Deposition and decomposition of litter in periods of grazing and rest of a tropical pasture under rotational grazing
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Ramalho, Israel Oliveira

; Rezende, Claudia de Paula

; Pereira, José Marques

; Macedo, Robert de Oliveira

; Santos, Camila Almeida dos

; Monteiro, Rafael Cassador

; Alves, Bruno José Rodrigues

; Carvalho, Isabel das Neves Oiticica de

; Urquiaga, Segundo

; Boddey, Robert Michael

Ciência Rural

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2019, Volume 49 N. 12 elocation e20190266

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar taxas de deposição e decomposição de serapilheira em pastagens de Marandu (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) sob a) três formas de suprimento de nitrogênio (N), b) em diferentes estágios de pastejo rotativo e c) comparar a constante de decomposição (‘k’) derivada de “litterbags” com os valores derivados das estimativas de serapilheira existente e depositada (técnica SED). Os três tratamentos de suprimento de N foram: sem ou com adubação nitrogenada (zero ou 150 kg N ha-1 ano-1) ou com a leguminosa Desmodium ovalifolium. Não houve diferenças significativas (p<0,05) entre a serapilheira existente e as taxas de deposição e decomposição da serapilheira entre os três tratamentos de N. A taxa de decomposição da serapilheira foi estimada usando a técnica SED para os 7 dias de pastejo e dois períodos subsequentes de 14 dias em cada ciclo de 35 dias. A taxa de decomposição da serapilheira foi (p<0,05) maior no segundo período de descanso (dias 21 a 35) em 0,089 g g-1 dia-1, do que no período de pastejo (0,038 g g-1 dia-1) e no primeiro período de repouso (0,040 g g-1 dia-1). A meia-vida média da serapilheira foi de 12 dias pela técnica SED, enquanto a estimativa dos “litterbags” foi de 136 dias. Os resultados mostram que as estimativas fornecidas pelos “litterbags” subestimam severamente a decomposição em relação à técnica SED, e preveem um acúmulo de serapilheira a longo prazo que não é observado.

ABSTRACT: The objectives of this study were to determine the rates of plant litter deposition and decomposition in Marandu pastures (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) under a) three forms of nitrogen (N) supply, b) at different stages of rotational grazing and c) to compare the single-exponential decay constant (‘k’) derived from litterbags with values derived from estimates of deposited and existing litter (DEL technique). The three N supply treatments were: without or with N fertilization (zero or 150 kg N ha-1 yr-1) or with the legume Desmodium ovalifolium. There were no significant differences (p<0.05) between existing litter and rates of litter deposition and decomposition between the three N supply treatments. The litter decomposition rate was estimated using the DEL technique for the 7-day grazing periods and two subsequent 14-day periods in each 35-day grazing cycle. The litter decomposition rate was (P<0.05) higher for the second rest period (days 21 to 35) at 0.089 g g-1 day-1, than for the grazing period (0.038 g g-1 day-1) and for the first rest period (0.040 g g-1 day-1). The mean half-life of the litter was 12 days using the DEL technique while the estimate from the litterbags was 136 days. Results showed that estimates provided by litterbags severely underestimate the decomposition in relation to the DEL technique and predict a long-term accumulation of litter which is not observed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190266 828 downloads

Can hepatic steatosis compromise the effect of physical exercise on body composition in obese children and adolescents?
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Saraiva, Bruna Thamyres Ciccotti

; Monteiro, Paula Alves

; Brunholi, Claudia de Carvalho

; Santos, Marcelo Rodrigues Ribeiro dos

; Christofaro, Diego Giulliano Destro

; Freitas Júnior, Ismael Forte

Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano

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aug 2017, Volume 19 N. 4 Pages 459 - 468

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O exercício físico é uma das formas de prevenção e tratamento da obesidade e doenças associadas como a esteatose hepática. Objetivou-se analisar se a esteatose hepática interfere no efeito do exercício físico sobre a composição corporal de crianças e adolescentes obesos. A amostra consiste em 40 indivíduos obesos, sendo 13 crianças (8,17±1,33 anos) e 27 adolescentes (12,28±1,36 anos). A composição corporal total e por segmento foi estimada pelo DEXA. Realizou-se medidas antropométricas, bem como, o exame de ultrassom do fígado para mensurar a gordura intra-abdominal e subcutânea, assim, diagnosticar a esteatose hepática (EH). A intervenção foi composta por 20 semanas, sendo aplicadas nas crianças, atividades lúdico-recreativas/competitivas e para os adolescentes, treinamento concorrente (aeróbio e resistido). Foram realizados os testes de Levene, ANOVA de medidas repetidas e o tamanho do efeito (TE) pelo Eta-Squared. Observou-se que, apesar de não obter significância estatística, analisando o tamanho do efeito, o exercício físico tanto nas crianças (gordura corporal TE efeito tempo= 0,210 e TE efeito grupo= 0,208; massa gorda TE efeito grupo= 0,338; gordura andróide TE efeito interação= 0,267), quanto nos adolescentes (gordura intra-abdominal TE efeito grupo=0,230), independentemente se tinham ou não a EH foi eficaz para reduzir a gordura corporal. Observa-se que o exercício físico foi eficaz na melhora da composição corporal de crianças e adolescentes obesos independente da EH.

Abstract Physical exercise is one of the forms of prevention and treatment of obesity and associated diseases such as hepatic steatosis. The aim of this study was to analyze whether hepatic steatosis interferes in the effect of physical exercise on the body composition of obese children and adolescents. The sample consists of 40 obese individuals, 13 children (8.17±1.33 years) and 27 adolescents (12.28±1.36 years). Total and segmental body composition was estimated by DEXA. Anthropometric measurements were performed, as well as ultrasound examination of the liver to measure intra-abdominal and subcutaneous fat, and to diagnose hepatic steatosis (HS). The intervention consisted of 20 weeks, with recreational/competitive activities being applied to children and, for adolescents, concurrent training (aerobic and resistance). The Levene’s, repeated-measures ANOVA and effect size tests (ES) by Eta-Squared were performed. It was observed that, although not statistically significant, analyzing the effect size, physical activity in both children (body fat ES effect time= 0.210 and ES effect group= 0.208; fat mass ES effect group= 0.338; fat android ES effect Interaction= 0.267), and adolescents (intra-abdominal fat ES effect group= 0.230) regardless of whether or not HS was effective in reducing body fat. Therefore, exercise was effective in improving the body composition of obese children and adolescents, regardless of HS.

https://doi.org/10.5007/19800037.2017v19n4p459 1501 downloads

10.

Genetic diversity and population densities of endophytic Bacillus spp. in yam plants
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Souza, Jorge Teodoro de

; Santos, Ana Cláudia Oliveira Souza

; Monteiro, Fernando Pereira

; Batista, Mariah Rodrigues

; Santos, Patrícia Oliveira dos

; Carvalho, Larissa Ferreira

; Corrêa, Elida Barbosa

Bragantia

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apr 2017, Volume 76 N. 2 Pages 203 - 208

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study was conducted as a first step in exploiting endophytic bacteria to improve yam production. Little information is available on population densities and genetic diversity of endophytic bacteria in yam cultivated in tropical regions. This study demonstrated that higher densities of total endophytic bacteria and Bacillus occur in the interior of roots and decrease as the sampled plant organ departs from soil. Bacillus represents approximately 1% of the total bacterial endophytic population. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses performed with 88 randomly-selected Bacillus isolates resulted in 28 groups, and sequence analyses of the 16S region of the ribosomal DNA of 24 isolates representing all major RAPD groups revealed that they could be clustered in 2 clades: Bacillus cereus and B. pumilus. While B. cereus was able to colonize the entire plant, B. pumilus remained confined to the rhizophores. Further research should concentrate on the application of these isolates in biotechnological processes, such as biocontrol and yam growth promotion.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.073 1253 downloads

11.

O adolescente frente ao transplante de células tronco-hematopoiéticas: contribuições para a enfermagem oncológica
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Pimenta, Luana Sena

; Rodrigues, Benedita Maria Rego Deusdará

; Pacheco, Sandra Teixeira de Araújo

; Nunes, Michelle Darezzo Rodrigues

; Rosas, Ann Mary Machado Tinoco Feitosa

; Monteiro, Ana Claudia Moreira

Revista Enfermagem UERJ

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2017, Volume 25 elocation e26940

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objectives to describe adolescents’ expectations before submitting to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and to analyze comprehensively what they expect from life after transplantation. Methods the sociological phenomenology of Alfred Schutz provided the theoretical and methodological framework. The participants were eight adolescents from 12 to 18 years old at a bone marrow transplantation service of a Brazilian federal referral hospital. Phenomenological interviews were conducted in 2014 after consulting the research ethics committees of the proponent (#686.508) and co-participant (#63/14) institutions. Results five categories emerged from the analysis: leaving difficulties behind; being cured; having a normal life; having a profession; and forming a family. The adolescents’ life expectations after transplantation point to being cured and their outlook is focused on the possibility of a normal life. Conclusion the study findings recommend multidisciplinary professional work, in which the adolescents, families and health team work together as active participants in this process.

RESUMEN Objetivos describir las expectativas de los adolescentes antes de someterse a un trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas; y analizar exhaustivamente lo que los adolescentes esperan de la vida después del trasplante. Métodos el marco teórico-metodológico fue la fenomenología sociológica de Alfred Schütz. Participaron en el estudio ocho adolescentes de 12 a 18 años de edad de un servicio de trasplante de médula ósea de un hospital de referencia federal brasileño. Se utilizaron entrevistas fenomenológicas en 2014, tras aprobación de los Comités de Ética en Investigación de la institución proponente (no 686.508) y coparticipante (no 63/14). Resultados cinco categorías emergieron a partir del análisis: dejar atrás las dificultades; estar curado; tener una vida normal; tener una profesión; constituir una familia. La esperanza de vida de los adolescentes trasplantados apuntan hacia la curación y sus perspectivas se centran en la posibilidad de una vida normal. Conclusión el estudio se refiere a la labor profesional multidisciplinaria, en la que los adolescentes, las familias y el equipo de salud trabajan juntos como participantes activos en este proceso.

RESUMO Objetivos descrever as expectativas dos adolescentes antes de se submeterem ao transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas, e analisar compreensivamente suas expectativas de vida no pós- transplante. Métodos o referencial teórico-metodológico foi a fenomenologia sociológica de Alfred Schütz. Participaram oito adolescentes de 12 a 18 anos de idade de um serviço de transplante de medula óssea de hospital de referência federal brasileiro. Foram realizadas entrevistas fenomenológicas em 2014, após aprovação dos Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa da instituição proponente (nº 686.508) e coparticipante (nº 63/14). Resultados cinco categorias emergiram da análise: deixando as dificuldades para trás; ser curado; ter uma vida normal; ter uma profissão; constituir uma família. As expectativas de vida dos adolescentes transplantados apontam para a cura e suas perspectivas se concentram na possibilidade de vida normal. Conclusão o estudo remete ao trabalho profissional multidisciplinar, no qual os adolescentes, as famílias e a equipe de saúde trabalham juntos como participantes ativos neste processo.

https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2017.26940 3 downloads

12.

Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in professors from a public university
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Costa Moreira, Osvaldo

; Rodrigues de Oliveira, Renata Aparecida

; Patrocínio Oliveira, Cláudia Eliza

; Aparecida Doimo, Leonice

; dos Santos Amorim, Paulo Roberto

; Camaroti Laterza, Mateus

; David Monteiro, Walace

; Bouzas Marins, João Carlos

Investigación y Educación en Enfermería

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jul 2014, Volume 32 N. 2 Pages 208 - 290

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular en profesores de una universidad pública. Metodología. Estudio de corte transversal. Se evaluaron 145 profesores de la Universidad Federal de Viçosa-MG (UFV), en 2010. Las variables analizas fueron edad, peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura, cadera y abdominal, además del colesterol total, triglicéridos, glucosa y tensión arterial sistólica y diastólica en reposo. Resultados. 71%, hombres; la edad promedio de estos fue mayor que la de las mujeres (46.9 versus 43.2 años), uno de cada dos participantes estaba pasado de peso (46.9% sobrepeso y 9.0% obesidad). Otros factores observados fueron: un 17.2% tenía un índice cintura/cadera de riesgo; el 46.9%, alta circunferencia abdominal; el 4.0%, colesterol total alto; el 20.2%, triglicéridos altos; un 4.8%, con metabolismo anormal de glucosa y 16.6% hipertensos. En comparación con los hombres, las mujeres tenían valores más bajos para la presión arterial sistólica, presión arterial diastólica, índice de masa corporal, circunferencia abdominal y la relación cintura/cadera. Hubo una tendencia al aumento de los valores de las variables de la relación cintura/cadera, circunferencia abdominal, el colesterol total, los triglicéridos y la presión arterial sistólica, con el aumento de edad. Conclusión. Los profesores universitarios participantes en este estudio tienen importantes frecuencias de exposición a factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular. Es necesario implementar medidas de prevención y control para la reducción de esta problemática, en las cuales Enfermería es clave para su éxito.

Objective. To determine the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease among professors of a public university. Methodology. This cross-sectional study included 145 professors from the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), MG, Brazil, in 2010. Analyzed variables included age, weight, height, waist, hip and abdominal circumferences, in addition to total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and resting systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Results. A total of 71% were men, the average age of the men was higher than that of the women (46.9 versus 43.2 years old); half of the participants were overweight (46.9% were overweight and 9.0% were obese). Other factors were: 17.2% presented a waist-hip ratio at risk; 46.9% had greater than normal abdominal circumference; 4.0% presented high total cholesterol, 20.2% high triglycerides, 4.8% of the individuals presented abnormal glucose metabolism; and 16.6% were hypertensive. In comparison with men, women presented lower systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, and abdominal, hip and waist circumferences. There was a trend of increased waist/hip and abdominal circumferences, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure as individuals aged. Conclusion. The college professors addressed in this study present important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Hence, prevention and control measures need to be implemented in order to reduce the problem, a process in which nursing professionals play a key role in the achievement of success.

Objetivo. Determinar a prevalência de fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular em professores de uma universidade pública. Metodologia. Estudo de corte transversal. Avaliaram-se 145 professores da Universidade Federal de Viçosa-MG (UFV), em 2010. As variáveis analisas foram idade, peso, medida, circunferência de cintura, quadril e abdominal, além do colesterol total, triglicérides, glucose e tensão arterial sistólica e diastólica em repouso. Resultados. 71% eram homens, a idade média das homens foi maior que a das mulheres (46.9 contra 43.2 anos), um de cada dois participante tinha estava passado de importância (46.9% sobrepeso e 9.0% obesidade). Outros fatores observados foram: 17.2% tinha um índice cintura/quadril de risco, 46.9% com alta circunferência abdominal, 4.0% com colesterol total alto, 20.2% de triglicérides altos, um 4.8% com metabolismo anormal de glucose e 16.6% foram hipertensos. Em comparação com os homens, as mulheres tinham valores mais baixos para a pressão arterial sistólica, pressão arterial diastólica, índice de massa corporal, circunferência abdominal e a relação cintura/quadril. Teve uma tendência ao aumento dos valores das variáveis da relação cintura/quadril, circunferência abdominal, o colesterol total, os triglicérides e a pressão arterial sistólica, com o aumento de idade. Conclusão. Os professores universitários deste estudo têm importantes frequências de exposição a fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular. É necessário implementar medidas de prevenção e controle para a redução desta problemática, nas quais Enfermagem é importante para seu sucesso.

2870 downloads Cited 3 times in SciELO

13.

Influência da granulometria da matéria-prima na expansão de extrusados de milho
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Mikalouski, Flavianny Brencis da Silva

; Monteiro, Antonio Roberto Giriboni

; Marques, Diego Rodrigues

; Monteiro, Claudia Cirineo Ferreira

; Benossi, Livia

Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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mar 2014, Volume 17 N. 1 Pages 28 - 32

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Na produção de extrusados de milho, a indústria usualmente emprega o grits, que consiste no milho limpo, degerminado e moído em granulometria média. Entretanto, visando à redução dos custos de produção, fabricantes de snacks extrusados de milho vêm utilizando o fubá em substituição ao grits, devido ao menor custo apresentado por este. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a influência da granulometria do milho sobre o índice de expansão dos snacks, sua textura e aceitação sensorial. Para isso, foram utilizadas três diferentes granulometrias do milho moído, sendo: grits, fubá mimoso e fubá mimoso fino. O índice de expansão radial foi analisado pela razão entre o diâmetro médio do snack e o diâmetro da matriz utilizada, a textura foi analisada em texturômetro, modelo Texture Analyser TA-XT Plus (Stable Micro Systens). A partir dos resultados obtidos, houve a confirmação da influência da granulometria nos parâmetros físicos, entretanto, não ocorreu alteração na aceitação do produto, indicando, desta forma, ser viável a substituição do grits pelo fubá na produção de snacks sob o ponto de vista do produto final.

In order to produce extruded corn snacks, industry has usually employed grits (clean, degerminated corn, milled to a medium particle size). However, aiming at reducing production costs, extruded corn snack producers have been replacing grits by corn flour due to lower costs. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of corn particle size on the snack expansion rate, texture and sensory acceptance. Thus, three different milled corn particle sizes were used in this study: grits, mimoso corn flour and fine mimoso corn flour. The expansion rate was analyzed from the ratio between the mean snack diameter and the diameter of the matrix used, and the texture was analyzed using aTA-XT Plus Texture Analyser (Stable Micro Systems) with the WB-12 probe. The results obtained proved the influence of particle size on the physical parameters, but there was no change in product acceptance, indicating the feasibility of replacing grits by corn flour to produce snacks, when considering the final product.

https://doi.org/10.1590/bjft.2014.005 6154 downloads

14.

Relato de três casos novos de hanseníase em menores de quinze anos no município de Itaguaí, Rio de Janeiro: evento de alerta para investigação epidemiológica
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Souza, Vivian Fichman Monteiro de

; Silva, Roberto Souto da

; Valle, Claudia Lucia Paiva e

; Obadia, Daniel Lago

; Daxbacher, Egon Luiz Rodrigues

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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oct 2011, Volume 86 N. 5 Pages 1011 - 1015

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A hanseníase é uma doença infectocontagiosa, com período de incubação médio de dois a cinco anos, causada pelo Mycobacterium leprae, o qual possui tropismo para a pele, as mucosas e os nervos periféricos. Quando manifestada em crianças abaixo de quinze anos, reflete a intensidade e longo período de exposição à grande carga bacilar. Representa, então, um importante evento de alerta que aponta para uma dificuldade no controle da doença. Os autores relatam três casos de hanseníase, em menores de quinze anos, provenientes do Município de Itaguaí, Rio de Janeiro. Discutem-se as implicações epidemiológicas da detecção de novos casos nessa faixa etária e o papel fundamental do exame de contatos e da busca do caso fonte no controle da Hanseníase.

Leprosy is an infectious disease with an average incubation period of two to five years. It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, mainly affecting skin, mucous membranes and peripheral nerves. When it occurs in children under fifteen, it reflects an intense and long contact period, with a high bacillary load. Therefore, it is considered an important alert sign that points to the challenge of controlling the disease. The authors report three cases of leprosy in children under fifteen that occurred in the Itaguaí district, Rio de Janeiro. The epidemiologic implications of new cases detected at this age and the fundamental role of examining the patients' close contacts and the possible identification of source cases as an effort for leprosy control are discussed.

10674 downloads

15.

Associação entre risco cardiovascular e hipertensão arterial em professores universitários
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Moreira, Osvaldo Costa

; Oliveira, Renata Aparecida Rodrigues de

; Andrade Neto, Flávio

; Amorim, William

; Oliveira, Cláudia Eliza Patrocínio

; Doimo, Leonice Aparecida

; Amorim, Paulo Roberto dos Santos

; Laterza, Mateus Camaroti

; Monteiro, Walace David

; Marins, João Carlos Bouzas

Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte

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sep 2011, Volume 25 N. 3 Pages 397 - 406

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A hipertensão arterial é uma das mais importantes causas modificáveis de morbi-mortalidade cardiovascular precoce na população adulta mundial, além de ser fator de risco independente para doenças cardiovasculares. Assim objetivou-se verificar a associação entre indicadores de risco cardiovascular e hipertensão arterial em professores universitários. Foram avaliados 145 professores da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), no ano de 2009, analisando-se as variáveis: sexo, idade, índice de massa corporal (IMC), relação cintura/quadril (RCQ), circunferência abdominal (CA), percentual de gordura (%G), colesterol total (CT), triacilglicerol (TG), glicose, pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) de repouso e consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2máx). Utilizou-se o teste ANOVA one way para comparação entre indivíduos normotensos e pré-hipertensos e hipertensos. Calculou-se a razão de chances de desenvolvimento de quadros de PA elevada entre os indivíduos que apresentavam níveis indicativos de risco cardiovascular. Todos os tratamentos possuíram nível de significância de p < 0,05. Os homens apresentaram valores significativamente maiores para idade, peso, estatura, IMC, RCQ, CA, PAS e PAD. Já as mulheres possuíam um %G significativamente elevado. Os indivíduos com níveis pressóricos elevados apresentaram valores maiores para todas as variáveis, à exceção do VO2máx. Observou-se associação os fatores de risco e elevação da PA somente para as variáveis: sexo, idade, IMC, CA, %G e TG. Conclui-se que o gênero, a idade, o IMC, a circunferência abdominal, o percentual de gordura corporal e os triacilgliceróis foram considerados indicadores de risco cardiovascular por apresentarem associação com a hipertensão arterial na amostra de professores avaliados.

Hypertension is one of the most important modifiable causes of precocious cardiovascular morbid-mortality in the adult population worldwide, and it's an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Thus we aimed to investigate the association between cardiovascular risk and blood pressure on universities professors. 145 professors from Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) were evaluated, in 2009, analyzing the variables: gender, age, body mass index (BMI), waist / hip ratio (WHR), abdominal circumference (AC), percent body fat (% BF), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) at rest and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). We used ANOVA one way test for comparison between normotensive and prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals. It was calculated the odds ratio of high BP expansion among individuals who had indicative levels of cardiovascular risk. All treatments possessed a significance level of p < 0.05. Men showed significantly higher values for age, weight, height, BMI, WHR, AC, SBP and DBP. The women have had significantly higher % BF. Individuals with high blood pressure had higher values for all variables, except for VO2max. Association between risk factors and blood pressure increase was only observed to gender, age, BMI, % BF and BT. It is concluded that gender, age, BMI, abdominal circumference, percentage body fat and triglycerides were considered risk factors for cardiovascular disease associated with hypertension in the sample of professors evaluated.

13668 downloads Cited 12 times in SciELO

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