Northern Veracruz has conditions, biotic and abiotic, to support Triatomine bugs and vectorial transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi to human beings. Therefore we explore seroprevalence of antibodies to this parasite and the presence of Chronic Chagasic Cardiopathy (CCC) at Cardiology ward in a General Hospital serving North of Veracruz State, and neighbord states Hidalgo, Puebla San Luis Potosí and Tamaulipas. Material and methods: We search for consecutive adult patients attending outpatient and beds assigned to Cardiology between March through September, 2003. An epidemiology questionnaire, clinical work up, chest roentgenogram, 12 lead peripheral EKG and transthoracic echocardiogram were performed in 240 female/males patients. All of them were bled to blindly search for T. cruzi antibodies. Results: Seroprevalence was 8%, 49 cases of dilated cardiomyopathy were diagnosed 23 attributed to chronic diseases such as systemic hypertension diabetes mellitus or ischemic heart disease 12 with idiopathic disease and 14 (29%) had CCC. The latter accumulated epidemiologic features suggestive of vectorial infection. Four additional individuals without CCC but having specific antibodies were considered indeterminate Chagasic cases. Discussion and conclusions: This case series identify American Trypanosomiasis among 19 people attending a Cardiology Service, and 14 of them had a severe heart disease linked to progressive and fatal course. This observation points out that Chagas disease could be a regional public health problem in Northern Veracruz.
La zona del norte de Veracruz reúne condiciones para la transmisión vectorial de Trypanosoma cruzi. Se buscaron anticuerpos anti T. cruzi y cardiopatía chagásica crónica (CCC) en el Servicio de Cardiología en el Hospital General N° 24. Material y métodos: Técnicas validadas ELISA/IFI en adultos de ambos sexos entre marzo y septiembre de 2003. Se hizo cuestionario epidemiológico, historia clínica, índice cardio-torácico (ICT), ECG y ecocardiograma transtorácico. Se calculó prevalencia y describimos datos clínicos. Resultados: La seroprevalencia fue del 8%, 19/240 pacientes, 49 tenían diagnóstico de miocardiopatía dilatada (MD), 23 secundaria, 12 MD y 14 CCC. Los seropositivos tuvieron edad media de 58 años, 11 mujeres, el origen rural, vivienda precaria, hacinamiento, conocimiento del vector y convivencia con animales eran comunes. Cinco donaron y 4 recibieron sangre, 6 bebedores sociales y 2 fumadores. La CCC ocurrió en 14 seropositivos, 1 más, tuvo trastorno del ritmo, hubo 4 chagásicos indeterminados. Promedios grupales: fracción de eyección 41%, DDVI de 57 mm, 13 con hipocinesia generalizada e ICT > 0.54. Tres requirieron marcapaso definitivo. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de seropositivos, casi 5 veces mayor que la media nacional, principalmente en individuos con MD y trastornos del ritmo (15/ 19-79%) apoya el diagnóstico de CCC.