Objective: To determine the susceptibility to different antibacterials of three categories of S. aureus according to its susceptibility to methicillin. Methods: 76 S. aureus strains that colonized patients and health workers were isolated from three Departments at Hospital Honorio Delgado in Arequipa, 36 of which were susceptible to methicillin (MSSA), 15 had borderline susceptibility (BORSA) and 25 where resistant to methicillin (MRSA). They underwent antibiogram for 14 antibacterials. Results: The only antibiotic to which all isolates were susceptible was vancomycin. MRSA were resistant to all betalactamics except imipenem that obtained 64% susceptibility. BORSA keep an 80% susceptibility to cephalotin and 100% to imipenem. The antibiotics cephalotin, imipenem, ciprofloxacine, cotrimoxazole, rifampicine, erithromycin, tetracycline, cloramphenicol, lincomycin and gentamycin had variable susceptibilities (p<0.01) among the three categories, a bigger proportion of MSSA were susceptible to these antibiotics, less for BORSA and lesser for MSSA. The multiresistant strains were more frequent in MRSA that in the other groups (p < 0.01). Conclusions: There are S. aureus strains in our environment with borderline susceptibility to methicillin. There are differences in the susceptibility to any antibacterials among the three groups of S. aureus; this differences can lead to a more rational antibacterial therapy. We should apply international recommendations for methicillin resistance detection in every strain isolation. : To determine the susceptibility to different antibacterials of three categories of S. aureus according to its susceptibility to methicillin. Methods: 76 S. aureus strains that colonized patients and health workers were isolated from three Departments at Hospital Honorio Delgado in Arequipa, 36 of which were susceptible to methicillin (MSSA), 15 had borderline susceptibility (BORSA) and 25 where resistant to methicillin (MRSA). They underwent antibiogram for 14 antibacterials. Results: The only antibiotic to which all isolates were susceptible was vancomycin. MRSA were resistant to all betalactamics except imipenem that obtained 64% susceptibility. BORSA keep an 80% susceptibility to cephalotin and 100% to imipenem. The antibiotics cephalotin, imipenem, ciprofloxacine, cotrimoxazole, rifampicine, erithromycin, tetracycline, cloramphenicol, lincomycin and gentamycin had variable susceptibilities (p<0.01) among the three categories, a bigger proportion of MSSA were susceptible to these antibiotics, less for BORSA and lesser for MSSA. The multiresistant strains were more frequent in MRSA that in the other groups (p < 0.01). Conclusions: There are S. aureus strains in our environment with borderline susceptibility to methicillin. There are differences in the susceptibility to any antibacterials among the three groups of S. aureus; this differences can lead to a more rational antibacterial therapy. We should apply international recommendations for methicillin resistance detection in every strain isolation.
Objetivo: Determinar las susceptibilidad a diversos antibacterianos de tres categorías de S. aureus según su sensibilidad a la meticilina. Materiales y Métodos: Se aislaron 76 cepas de S. aureus que colonizaban pacientes y personal de salud de tres servicios del Hospital Honorio Delgado de Arequipa, de los cuales 36 fueron sensibles a meticilina (MSSA), 15 con susceptibilidad "borderline" (BORSA) y 25 fueron resistentes a la meticilina (MRSA). Se les sometió a antibiograma a 14 antibacterianos. Resultados: El único antibiótico al cual todas los aislamientos fueron sensibles fue vancomicina. Los MRSA fueron resistentes a todos los b-lactámicos excepto imipenem que obtuvo 64% de susceptibilidad. Los BORSA mantuvieron un 80% de sensibilidad a cefalotina y un 100% al imipenem. Los antibióticos cefalotina, imipenem, ciprofloxacina, cotrimoxazol, rifampicina, eritromicina, tetraciclina, cloranfenicol, lincomicina y gentamicina tuvieron sensibilidades variables (p<0.01) entre las tres categorías; una mayor proporción de MSSA fue sensible a estos antibióticos, luego los BORSA y finalmente los MRSA. Las cepas multi-resistentes fueron mucho más frecuentes en los MRSA que en los otros dos grupos (p <0.01). Conclusión: Existe en nuestro medio cepas de S. aureus con resistencia "borderline" a meticilina. Hay diferencias entre la sensibilidad a diversos antimicrobianos entre los tres grupos de S. aureus. Esta diferenciación podría beneficiar una terapia antimicrobiana más racional. Se debe aplicar en todo aislamiento de S. aureus las recomendaciones internacionales para la detección de meticilino resistencia.