Abstract Introduction: Optisol-GS is the most widely used corneal preservation medium worldwide, there is little evidence to compare it against Eusol-C as a corneal preservation medium. Objectives: To evaluate the viability of endothelial cells between two different corneal preservation media. Materials and Methods: It is a prospective, longitudinal, and comparative study, which was carried out in the eye bank of Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", from where the corneas of suitable donors were collected, the right cornea was preserved in Optisol-GS and the left in Eusol-C. Two evaluations were carried out on day 1 and 5. Endothelial cell density, coefficient of cell variation and hexagonality were analysed. Results: The decrease in endothelial cells on day 5 after collection of the corneoscleral tissue was 8.149% in the corneas stored in Optisol-GS and 7.614% in Eusol-C p=0.006. Cell variation increased 1.634% in Optisol-GS and 8.942% in Eusol-C p=0.948. Cell hexagonality decreased 6.988% in Optisol-GS and 9.480% in Eusol-C p=0.936. Conclusions: No superiority was found when comparing these two media, which shows that Eusol-C is as effective as Optisol-GS for corneal preservation for at least five days.

RESUMEN Objetivo Sintetizar la información científica relevante sobre la evaluación del desarrollo del lenguaje en niños sordos prelocutivos durante los primeros seis años de vida, con el fin de determinar si es suficientes para confirmar la presencia de algún desarrollo de lenguaje en esta población, o si se requiere un enfoque más integral. Estrategia de investigación Se realizó una revisión estructurada de la literatura científica en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, Lilacs, Ibecs, Trip DataBase, Cochrane library, Clinical Trial y Nice. Criterios de selección revisiones sistemáticas, evaluaciones de tecnologías sanitarias, ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, estudios observacionales de cohorte y casos - controles; incluyendo publicaciones sobre evaluación de cualquier aspecto del desarrollo de lenguaje, cualquier intervención y en cualquier idioma, se excluyeron si únicamente evalúan audición o habla, sordera central, súbita, transitoria, sordoceguera, con otras discapacidades o con trastornos del espectro autista. Análisis de datos se usó la metodología GRADE para analizar la calidad de la evidencia. Resultados es factible realizar evaluaciones del desarrollo de lenguaje a niños sordos prelocutivos. Se obtiene una calidad de la evidencia moderada que sugiere cierta confianza en los resultados de las evaluaciones, siempre y cuando vengan acompañadas de una apreciación integral de otros elementos lingüísticos. Conclusión los resultados de las evaluaciones de lenguaje deben sostenerse, en mayor medida, en datos sobre el lenguaje receptivo y expresivo, y que cuyas evidencias pueden enriquecerse al adjuntar evaluaciones de elementos lingüísticos formales tanto de la modalidad oral como gestual, y de los componentes pragmáticos de los procesos comunicacionales. vida población PubMed Lilacs Ibecs DataBase library Nice sistemáticas sanitarias aleatorizados controles idioma habla central súbita transitoria sordoceguera autista sostenerse medida expresivo gestual comunicacionales

ABSTRACT Purpose To synthesize the relevant scientific information regarding the assessment of language development in prelingually deaf children during their first six years of life, in order to determine whether it is sufficient to confirm the presence of some language development in this population, or if a more integrated approach would be more appropriate. Research strategies A structured review of the relevant scientific literature was carried out in the following databases: PubMed, Lilacs, Ibecs, Trip DataBase, Cochrane library, Clinical Trial and Nice. Selection criteria Systematic reviews, health technology assessments, randomized clinical trials, observational cohorts and case-control studies; including publications of assessments concerning any aspect of language development or any intervention in any language. Evaluations related exclusively to hearing and speech, to central, sudden or transient deafness, to deaf-blindness, to further disabilities or to autism spectrum disorders, were excluded. Data analysis GRADE methodology was used to analyze evidence quality. Results It is possible to evaluate the language development of prelingually deaf children. A moderate quality of evidence was obtained, suggesting that the evaluations’ results are fairly trustworthy, provided that the assessments are conducted within an integrated approach of other linguistic elements. Conclusion The results of the language evaluations must be supported mostly by receptive and expressive language data, and the found evidence can be improved by combining the assessments of the formal linguistic elements of both oral and gestural modalities with the pragmatic components of the communication process. life population appropriate databases PubMed Lilacs Ibecs DataBase library Nice reviews trials casecontrol case control studies speech central deafness deafblindness, deafblindness blindness, blindness deaf-blindness disorders excluded obtained trustworthy data process

Abstract: People use microblogging platforms like Twitter to involve with other users for a wide range of interests and practices. Twitter profiles run by different types of users such as humans, bots, spammers, businesses and professionals. This research uses a treemap visualization to identify different users profile on Twitter. For this purpose, we exploit users' profile and tweeting behavior information. We evaluate our approach by visualizing the different Twitter profiles. This treemap visualization technique can be used to identify easily the different users’ profile in a wide range of users. We focus just on user activity, ignoring the content of messages. We take into consideration both social interactions and tweeting patterns, which allow us to profile users according to their activity patterns using treemaps.

Abstract Introduction: The challenge of calculating intraocular lens (IOL) power after refractive surgery such as radial keratotomy (RK) remains unresolved after two decades. At present, there is an increase in patients with this history. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the difference in refractive error after surgery between the Barrett True-K No History and Panacea formulas, for the calculation of IOL in cataract operated patients with a history of RK. Materials and methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted. The power of the IOL was calculated, with the Barrett True-K No History and Panacea formulas, and the IOLMaster 500 biometer. Two groups were studied. The predicted spherical equivalent was adjusted to obtain the power of the final implanted lens. The result of the predicted spherical equivalent was subtracted from the actual spherical equivalent, thus the refractive error was obtained for each formula. Student's t-test was used for independent groups. Results: The error with the Barrett True-K No History formula was −0.16 ± 1.12, whereas the error with the Panacea formula was −0.93 ± 1.22. p = 0.346. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference when comparing these two formulas, which showed that Panacea is as effective as Barrett True-K No History in cataract-operated patients with a history of RK.

Abstract The evaluation of the tensile strength of printed parts by means of fused deposition modeling (FDM) or fused filament fabrication (FFF) is essential, since parts whose resistance does not differ significantly depending on the percentage of filling used can be obtained, optimizing the use of the material. The present work details the analysis of polylactic acid (PLA) specimens manufactured according to ASTM D 638 with different percentages for the most commonly used filling patterns (Honeycomb, Octagram, Stars, Archimedean, Hilbert and Triangles). With the help of an analysis of variance and a design of experiments with a single factor, the appropriate percentages for printing parts according to the desired filling pattern are obtained.

Resumen La evaluación de la resistencia a la tracción de las piezas impresas mediante el modelado por deposición fundida (FDM) o la fabricación de filamentos fundidos (FFF) es esencial, ya que se pueden obtener piezas cuya resistencia no difiere significativamente dependiendo del porcentaje de relleno utilizado, optimizando el uso del material. El presente trabajo detalla el análisis de muestras de ácido poliláctico (PLA) fabricadas de acuerdo con ASTM D 638 con diferentes porcentajes para los patrones de relleno más comúnmente utilizados (Panal, Octagrama, Estrellas, Archimedean, Hilbert y Triángulos). Con la ayuda de un análisis de varianza y un diseño de experimentos con un solo factor se obtienen los porcentajes apropiados para imprimir piezas de acuerdo con el patrón de llenado deseado.

Resumen La reoperación en pacientes con cirugía cardiaca previa en bioprótesis disfuncionantes representa una situación de alto riesgo quirúrgico, con elevada morbi-mortalidad perioperatoria. En la actualidad en casos seleccionados, el tratamiento percutáneo transcateter permite reemplazar la válvula mitral con acceso transapical o transeptal. El reemplazo percutáneo de la válvula mitral, tiene menor morbilidad y mortalidad comparado con la cirugía convencional, representando una alternativa terapéutica, la cual representa la única opción en pacientes de alto riesgo quirúrgico. Se presentan dos casos tratados de forma exitosa en nuestro centro con acceso transapical y válvula percutánea balón expandible Sapien XT.

Abstract Transapical mitral Valve in Valve in Hospital México, report of two cases and literatura review Surgical reintervention in patients with previous open heart surgery represents a high risk condition, with high morbidity and mortality in the perioperative period. Nowdays in selected clinical situations of patiens with failing bioprosthesis in mitral position, transcatheter percutaneous treatment allows the replacement of the mitral valve with transapical or transseptal access. The transcatheter percutaneous mitral valve replacement has lower morbidity and mortality in comparison with conventional surgery, representing a therapeutic alternative, wich migth be the only option in high risk patients. We present two cases done at our center with success using apical access and the ballon expandable device Sapien XT.

Resumen A pesar de la relevancia médica y el impacto económico en los sistemas de salud, las enfermedades cardiovasculares, tales como infartos cardíacos y accidentes cerebrovasculares, siguen siendo la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en los países en vías de desarrollo. Esto se debe a que las bases estructurales y funcionales de los procesos de formación de los coágulos sanguíneos o trombos solo se conocen de forma incompleta. La trombina juega un papel esencial en estos procesos y los fundamentos atómico-moleculares de su interacción con otros factores que participan en el proceso de coagulación son poco conocidos, en particular el reconocimiento de importantes sustratos como los factores V y VIII, así como el receptor de plaquetas PAR1. Dada la importancia de estos factores, en esta investigación se produjeron fragmentos del factor VIII humano (FVIII) y se caracterizaron bioquímicamente para realizar ensayos de cristalización de complejos FVIII·Trombina. Para ello, (1) se sobreexpresaron heterólogamente los conectores ácidos entre los dominios del factor VIII (denominados FVIIIa1, FVIIIa2 y FVIIIa3), (2) se purificaron y caracterizaron estos fragmentos recombinantes, (3) se formaron sus complejos con la trombina y (4) se inició la búsqueda de las condiciones de cristalización de estos complejos proteicos. La producción del FVIII, y en particular la determinación de las condiciones en las que crecen cristales del tamaño y calidad apropiados, son un auténtico cuello de botella en los estudios de estructura-función, por ello se considera que la optimización de estos procesos permitirá obtener un mayor número de cristales de proteína de calidad adecuada para futuros estudios de difracción de rayos X.

Abstract In spite of their medical relevance and economic impact on public health service systems, cardiovascular diseases, among them myocardial and cerebral infarctions, remain the main cause of morbidity and mortality in developed and developing countries. One of the main reasons for this situation is the incomplete structural and functional knowledge of the processes that ultimately lead to blood clot formation. Thrombin plays a key role in these processes, but its molecular interactions with other clotting factors are still only poorly understood, in particular those with critically important substrates such as factor VIII and the thrombin receptor on platelets, PAR1. Given the importance of these clotting factors, we have produced and characterized factor VIII fragments (FVIII) to search for crystallization conditions of FVIII·Thrombin complexes. To achieve our aims, we (1) overexpressed the acidic inter-domain linkers of human factor VIII (FVIIIa1, FVIIIa2 and FVIIIa3), as heterologous proteins; (2) purified and characterized these recombinant forms, (3) formed the binary protein complexes between thrombin and these recombinant fragments, and (4) started crystallization trials of these complexes. The FVIII production, and in particular, the identification of conditions in which crystals of appropriate size and quality for structure determination grow, are a “bottleneck” in structure-and-function projects. Therefore, the optimization of these processes will allow us to obtain well-ordered protein crystals for X-ray diffraction studies.

INTRODUCTION Heart failure, primarily in the elderly, is a growing epidemic in today's world. It leads to high rates of disability and mortality, as well as significant health care expenditures, making it important to assess possible predictors of adverse cardiac events. In Cuba, heart failure mortality is 19.1/100,000 population. OBJECTIVES Assess the value of stress-rest protocol gated-SPECT for identifying patients with symptomatic heart failure likely to suffer adverse cardiac events. METHODS A study was conducted of 52 patients (mean age 59 years, SD 9; 62% women) with functional capacity II/III (New York Heart Association scale) and left ventricular ejection fraction <40%. Patients were divided into two groups based on coronary heart disease diagnosis: those with coronary heart disease (41), labeled ischemic; and those without (11), labeled nonischemic. All underwent gated SPECT myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with technetium-99m-labeled methoxyisobutyl isonitrile, using a two-day stress–rest protocol, including evaluation of intraventricular synchrony by phase analysis. Patients were followed over 36 months for adverse cardiac effects. RESULTS No significant differences were observed between the two groups during the stress test with regard to exercise time, metabolic equivalents or percentage of maximal heart rate during maximal stress. Summed stress, rest and difference scores, however, were significantly different between the ischemic and nonischemic groups: 16.82 (SD 6.37) vs. 7.54 (SD 5.8), p <0.001; 14.43 (SD 6.28) vs. 6.45 (SD 3.77), p = 0.001; and 2.39 (SD 4.89) vs. 1.09 (SD 3.7), p = 0.034. No differences were found in ventricular function, although stress-minus-rest left ventricular ejection fraction was slightly lower in patients with ischemic heart disease (−1.29, SD 5.8) than in patients without ischemic heart disease (1.27, SD 4.31). Dyssynchrony was greater in patients with ischemic heart disease than in those without, primarily during stress (p <0.01). The only variable that showed a possible association with the occurrence of adverse events was <5 metabolic equivalents on the stress test (p = 0.03), while resting phase SD showed only a tendency toward association (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Information on myocardial perfusion, functional capacity and intraventricular synchrony obtained from stress-rest gated SPECT may help identify patients with symptomatic heart failure who are likely to develop adverse cardiac events, enabling better management of higher-risk cases and improved allocation of resources.

INTRODUCTION: Myocardial reperfusion during the course of an acute myocardial infarction improves patients' short- and long-term prognosis; coronary blood flow is successfully re-established while preserving a large amount of at-risk muscle. Clinical evolution, however, varies. Presence of residual ischemia or viable myocardial tissue affects a patient's prognosis. Assessment by noninvasive methods allows better prognostic stratification. Cardiac-gated SPECT provides appropriate parameters to support treatment selection and monitoring of these patients. OBJECTIVES: Assess the prognostic value-ability to predict occurrence of major cardiac events-of perfusion and cardiac function obtained by myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in myocardial infarction patients treated by any myocardial reperfusion method, whether pharmacological or surgical. METHODS: Forty patients were included, mean age 58.8±9 years, diagnosed with myocardial infarction. Participants were divided into two groups: primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (15) or thrombolysis (25). All received myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with cardiac-gated SPECT to assess perfusion and left ventricular function, and were followed for six months with telephone interviews and review of clinical records. RESULTS: In the 11 patients who had major cardiac events within six months of followup, a nonsignificant increase in perfusion defect extent was seen post reperfusion. Six (54.5%) of those with major cardiac events had anterior perfusion defects. In functional parameters, a significant increase in end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes and decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction were observed post stress (p = 0.006) and at rest (p = 0.001). Post-stress end-diastolic volume of >70 mL had a higher prognostic value for major cardiac events [sensitivity 100%; specificity 89%, area under ROC curve 0.835 (CI 0.702-0.969), p = 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac-gated SPECT is useful to identify variables (including left ventricular systolic dysfunction and dilation of left cavities, particularly left end-systolic volume of >70 mL) predictive of major cardiac events in reperfused patients, independent of treatment modality.