RESUMO O uso de silicatos em cultura de tecidos tem resultado em efeitos positivos no que tange os caracteres morfológicos, anatômicos e fisiológicos das plantas in vitro. Contudo as respostas biológicas a este mineral são dose e genótipo-dependente. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar a influência da suplementação de silício no processo de embriogênese somática da Elaeis guineensis Jacq. O estudo foi realizado em três etapas do processo de clonagem, sendo elas: Regeneração (i) e germinação (ii) dos embriões somáticos e durante a aclimatação ex vitro (iii) das plântulas. Os meios de cultivo foram suplementados com quatro doses (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 e 1.5 g L-1) de silicato de cálcio (CaSiO3). As plântulas resultantes foram transplantadas e aclimatizadas em casa de vegetação. A análise de regressão evidenciou que a dose de 0.63g L-1 de CaSiO3 induziu maior taxa de regeneração, o que possibilitaria um aumento de 58% no número de embriões somáticos formados. Contudo, a germinação das plântulas, bem como, seus caracteres morfométricos não foram afetados pelas diferentes doses de CaSiO3, embora a presença deste composto tenha promovido aumento da espessura da epiderme e redução na quantidade de cera epicuticular. No geral, o silício contribui para a clonagem de E. guineensis. morfológicos genótipodependente. genótipodependente genótipo dependente. dependente genótipo-dependente sentido objetivouse objetivou se Jacq elas i (i ii (ii iii (iii 0.0, 00 0 (0.0 05 5 0.5 10 1 1. 15 L1 L CaSiO3. CaSiO . (CaSiO3) vegetação 063g 63g L- regeneração 58 formados como epicuticular geral E 0.0 (0. 0. (CaSiO3 (0 (CaSiO (

ABSTRACT The use of silicates in plant tissue culture has resulted in positive effects regarding the morphological, anatomical and physiological characteristics of in vitro plants. However, biological responses to this mineral are dose and genotype dependent. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of silicon supplementation on the somatic embryogenesis of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). The study was carried out in three stages of the cloning process, namely: Regeneration (i) and germination (ii) of somatic embryos and during ex vitro acclimatization (iii) of regenerated plantlets. The culture media were supplemented with four doses (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g L-1) of calcium silicate (CaSiO3). The resulting plantlets were transplanted and acclimatized in a greenhouse. The regression analysis showed that the dose of 0.63g L-1 of CaSiO3 induced a higher rate of regeneration, which would allow a 58% increase in the number of somatic embryos formed. However, the germination of the plantlets, as well as their morphometric characters, were not affected by the different doses of CaSiO3, although the presence of this compound promoted an increase in the thickness of the epidermis and a reduction in the amount of epicuticular wax. Overall, silicon does contribute to the cloning of E. guineensis. morphological plants However dependent Elaeis Jacq.. Jacq Jacq. . Jacq.) process namely i (i ii (ii iii (iii 0.0, 00 0 (0.0 05 5 0.5 10 1 1. 15 L1 L CaSiO3. CaSiO (CaSiO3) greenhouse 063g 63g L- regeneration 58 formed characters wax Overall E 0.0 (0. 0. (CaSiO3 (0 (CaSiO (

ABSTRACT. Zeyheria tuberculosa, a native species of Brazil known for its significant potential in silviculture and genetic improvement, holds prominence among various species. In this study, our objective was to assess the diversity, genetic structure, and feasibility of establishing a seedling seed orchard (SSO) for this species. A total of 71 progenies were collected from different locations and were used in our experiment in Ijaci - MG. We genotyped 92 individuals (nine families with eight individuals, two families with seven individuals, and one family with six individuals), specifically selecting those with the highest predicted genetic values, using ten ISSR primers. The molecular markers employed effectively detected polymorphism (PIC = 0.44). The population exhibited moderate to high genetic diversity, as evidenced by observed (AO = 2.00) and effective alleles (AE = 1.61), Nei's diversity index (H* = 0.35), and Shannon's diversity index (I* = 0.52). Molecular variance analysis indicated significant genetic differentiation between the progenies (Φst = 0.19), yet the majority of the variation was observed within them (80.1%). Employing a Bayesian approach, we identified the formation of two distinct genetic groups, further confirming the non-genetic structure of the population. These findings affirm the potential of the Z. tuberculosa progenies to contribute to the establishment of a seedling seed orchard, supporting genetic improvement strategies and the conservation of the species' genetic diversity. ABSTRACT study SSO (SSO 7 MG 9 nine , individuals) values primers PIC 0.44. 044 0.44 . 0 44 0.44) AO 2.00 200 2 00 AE 1.61, 161 1.61 1 61 1.61) Neis Nei s H* H (H 0.35, 035 0.35 35 0.35) Shannons Shannon I* I (I 0.52. 052 0.52 52 0.52) Φst 0.19, 019 0.19 19 0.19) 80.1%. 801 80.1% 80 (80.1%) approach groups nongenetic non Z 04 0.4 4 2.0 20 16 1.6 6 03 0.3 3 05 0.5 5 01 0.1 80.1 8 (80.1% 0. 2. 1. 80. (80.1 (80. (80 (8 (

RESUMO Estudos abordando a mecanização da silvicultura em áreas de declive são escassos, devido às dificuldades de acesso a essas áreas e ao custo da atividade. Uma adaptação recente do uso da escavadeira hidráulica no preparo do solo em áreas declivosas tem mostrado resultados obtidos principalmente devido aos benefícios proporcionados pelo aumento da área de subsuperfície. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre seu efeito na qualidade e eficiência da atividade. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade do preparo do solo realizado por uma escavadeira hidráulica e um subsolador acoplado a um trator durante os períodos seco e chuvoso, na presença (PW) ou ausência de uma asa (AW) no cinzel dos dentes subsoladores, em área de declive. Foram avaliadas a profundidade, a largura da superfície, a área de solo mobilizada, o perfil do solo preparado e a qualidade do destoroamento do solo. Na estação chuvosa o preparo do solo mobiliza aproximadaente o dobro da área preparada quando comparado ao periodo seco. Assim como a a presença da asa na ponteira da haste do subsolador contribui para o aumento da área de solo mobilizado e consequentemente aumento dos torrões do solo, reduzindo a qualidade do preparo, principalemnte no periodo seco. A escavadeira hidraulica, devido a sua potencia mecânica, mobiliza o solo com médias superiores ao sugerido para áreas declivosas, enquanto que o subsolador mantem o preparo dentro das médias esperadas. Apesar das peculiaridades de cada implemento, ambos são capazes de apresentar preparos de solo com qualidade. escassos atividade subsuperfície Entretanto forma chuvoso PW (PW AW (AW subsoladores profundidade superfície mobilizada hidraulica mecânica esperadas implemento

ABSTRACT Studies addressing the mechanization of forestry in slope areas are scarce because of the difficulties to access those areas and the cost of the activity. A recent adaptation using a hydraulic excavator for soil tillage in sloped areas has shown positive results mainly obtained due to the benefits provided by the increase in subsurface area. However, little is known about its effect on the quality and efficiency of the activity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the soil tillage quality performed by a hydraulic excavator and a subsoiler attached to a tractor during the dry and rainy seasons, in the presence (PW) or absence of a wing (AW) in the chisel of the subsoiling tines in sloped areas. We evaluated the depth, the surface width, the mobilized soil area, the profile of the tilled soil, and the quality of clod breakdown. Soil preparation in the rainy season is approximately double the prepared area compared to the second period. In addition, the presence of the wing on the tip of the subsoiler rod contributes to increase the mobilized soil area and consequently increased soil clods, thereby indicating the quality of the preparation, especially in the dry season. The hydraulic excavator mobilizes the soil with higher averages than those recommended for inclined areas due to its mechanical power, while the subsoiler maintains the preparation within the expected averages. Despite the peculiarities of each implement, they both present quality soil performances. activity However Therefore seasons PW (PW AW (AW depth width breakdown period addition clods power implement performances

RESUMO Os grandes polos de produção bovina no Brasil realizam a condução da produção, por meio do pastoreio intensivo das pastagens, promovendo algum grau de degradação. Os sistemas agroflorestais são considerados alternativa viável para a recuperação de áreas degradadas, decorrentes da produção de gado, no entanto, a falta de conhecimento sobre os benefícios relacionados a esta estratégia de cultivo pode dificultar a adoção destes sistemas. Assim, objetivou-se entrevistar quatro setores da sociedade de São Félix do Xingu-PA para compreender e constatar a aceitação, contribuição, conhecimento e anseios para a implantação de sistema silvipastoril na região. Para esta pesquisa, aplicaram-se questionários em diferentes setores da sociedade local, setor acadêmico de nível superior, setor de comércio representado pelos empresários locais, setor da zona rural representado pelos agricultores e setor da zona urbana representado por membros da comunidade em geral. Sobre o sistema silvipastoril, o comércio apresentou maior porcentagem de desconhecimento (84,00%). Em relação aos benefícios do sistema, constatou-se que há um desconhecimento maior dos munícipes situados na zona urbana (88,89%). Ao questionar sobre ações realizadas com os sistemas silvipastoris, constatou-se que os munícipes da zona urbana (96,30%) nunca participaram das mesmas. Quanto à indicação do sistema, constatou que os setores do comércio (100,00%), zona rural (82,61%) e acadêmico (100,00%) são favoráveis à sua implantação. Sobre os benefícios ambientais, a zona urbana (85,19%) apresentou desconhecimento. E ao falar dos maiores retornos econômicos advindos do sistema, os entrevistados pertencentes ao comércio (84,00%) desconhecem esses retornos. Conclui-se que a maioria dos munícipes desconhecem o sistema, com isso, sugere-se que mais ações voltadas ao tema sejam realizadas, possibilitando levar essas informações à população, para que o sistema seja mais difundido e implantado pelos agricultores da região. pastagens degradação degradadas gado entanto Assim objetivouse objetivou se XinguPA Xingu PA aceitação contribuição região pesquisa aplicaramse aplicaram local superior locais geral 84,00%. 8400 84,00% . 84 00 constatouse 88,89%. 8889 88,89% 88 89 (88,89%) silvipastoris 96,30% 9630 96 30 (96,30% mesmas 100,00%, 10000 100,00% , 100 82,61% 8261 82 61 (82,61% (100,00% ambientais 85,19% 8519 85 19 (85,19% (84,00% Concluise Conclui isso sugerese sugere população 840 84,00 8 0 888 88,89 (88,89% 96,30 963 9 3 (96,30 1000 100,00 10 82,61 826 6 (82,61 (100,00 85,19 851 1 (85,19 (84,00 84,0 88,8 (88,89 96,3 (96,3 100,0 82,6 (82,6 (100,0 85,1 (85,1 (84,0 84, 88, (88,8 96, (96, 100, 82, (82, (100, 85, (85, (84, (88, (96 (82 (100 (85 (84 (88 (9 (8 (10 ( (1

ABSTRACT The large cattle production hubs in Brazil carry out the conduction of production through intensive grazing of pastures, promoting some degree of degradation. Agroforestry systems are considered a viable alternative for the recovery of degraded areas resulting from livestock production. However, the lack of knowledge about the benefits related this cultivation strategy may hinder the adoption of these systems. Thus, the objective was to interview four sectors of the society of São Félix do Xingu-PA to understand and verify the acceptance, contribution, knowledge, and desires for the implantation of a silvopastoral system in the region. For this research, questionnaires have been applied to different sectors of local society, higher-level academic sector, commerce sector represented by local entrepreneurs, the rural sector represented by farmers, and urban sector represented by members of the community in general. About the silvopastoral system, commerce had the highest percentage of ignorance (84.00%). To the benefits of the system, it found that there is a great lack of knowledge among citizens located in the urban area (88.89%). During actions carried out with urban systems, the questionnaires of the participating communities (96.33%) participated/reported were never published. As for the indication of the system, it was found that the sectors of commerce (100.00%), rural (82.61%), and academic (100.00%) are favorable to its implementation. Regarding the environmental benefits, the urban area (85.19%) wasn't known. And when talking about the highest economic returns from the system, respondents belonging to the commerce (84.00%) are unaware of these returns. It was concluded that most citizens are unaware of the system. It was suggested that more actions focused on the theme be carried out, making it possible to take this information to the population, so that the system is disseminated and implemented by farmers in the region. pastures degradation However Thus XinguPA Xingu PA acceptance contribution region research higherlevel higher level entrepreneurs general 84.00%. 8400 84.00% . 84 00 88.89%. 8889 88.89% 88 89 (88.89%) 96.33% 9633 96 33 (96.33% participatedreported participated reported published 100.00%, 10000 100.00% , 100 82.61%, 8261 82.61% 82 61 (82.61%) (100.00% implementation 85.19% 8519 85 19 (85.19% wasnt wasn t known (84.00% population 840 84.00 8 0 888 88.89 (88.89% 96.33 963 9 3 (96.33 1000 100.00 10 826 82.61 6 (82.61% (100.00 85.19 851 1 (85.19 (84.00 84.0 88.8 (88.89 96.3 (96.3 100.0 82.6 (82.61 (100.0 85.1 (85.1 (84.0 84. 88. (88.8 96. (96. 100. 82. (82.6 (100. 85. (85. (84. (88. (96 (82. (100 (85 (84 (88 (9 (82 (10 (8 ( (1

RESUMO Cordia trichotoma é uma espécie nativa que possui grande importância econômica devido à valorização da qualidade de sua madeira. No entanto, os conhecimentos quanto a produção de mudas de qualidade da espécie ainda são incipientes. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar o uso de resíduos agrícolas como composto de substrato e as intensidades de sombreamento em fase de viveiro, para a produção de mudas de Cordia trichotoma. Foram testadas cinco composições de substrato: S1 (80% FC-fibra de coco- e 20% CCC-casca de café carbonizada); S2 (60% FC e 40% CCC); S3 (80% FC e 20% CAC-casca de arroz carbonizada); S4 (60% FC e 40% CAC); S5 (100% substrato comercial). E quatro diferentes níveis de sombreamento: 0%; 30%; 50%; 80%. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial. Foram mensurados aos 180 dias, a altura das mudas, o diâmetro de coleto, a massa seca da parte aérea, a massa seca do sistema radicular e calculados o índice de robustez e o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson. Foi observado que o uso de cascas proporcionou crescimento inferior ao uso de substrato comercial, em todas as variáveis analisadas. Ademais, o sombreamento proporcionou comportamento quadrático negativo nas variáveis analisadas. Assim, recomenda-se a utilização de substrato comercial e de sombreamento de 50%, em mudas de Cordia trichotoma. madeira entanto incipientes forma objetivouse objetivou se viveiro S 80% 80 (80 FCfibra fibra coco 20 CCCcasca CCC casca carbonizada carbonizada) 60% 60 (60 40 CCC) CACcasca CAC CAC) 100% 100 (100 comercial. . comercial) 0% 0 30% 30 50% 50 fatorial 18 dias coleto aérea Dickson analisadas Ademais Assim recomendase recomenda 8 (8 2 6 (6 4 10 (10 3 5 1 ( (1

ABSTRACT Cordia trichotomais a native species with economic potential due to its wood quality. However, knowledge regarding the production of quality seedlings of the species is still incipient. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the use of agricultural residues as a substrate compound and the shading intensities in the nursery phase forCordia trichotomaseedlings production. Five substrate compositions were tested: S1 (80% CF-coconut fiber- and 20% CCC-carbonized coffee husks); S2 (60% FC and 40% CCC); S3 (80% FC and 20% CAC-carbonized rice husk); S4 (60% FC and 40% CAC); S5 (100% commercial substrate). Also, we tested four different shading levels: 0%; 30%; 50%;80%. The experiment was in a factorial design with a completely randomized design. At 180 days, we measured seedling height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, and root system dry mass and calculated the robustness index and Dickson Quality Index. We observed that carbonized husks provided lower growth than the use of a commercial substrate in all analyzed variables. Furthermore, shading provided negative quadratic growth in the analyzed variables. Thus, it is recommended the use of commercial substrate and shading of 50% in seedlings of Cordia trichotoma However incipient Thus S 80% 80 (80 CFcoconut CF coconut fiber 20 CCCcarbonized CCC husks) 60% 60 (60 40 CCC) CACcarbonized CAC husk husk) CAC) 100% 100 (100 substrate. . substrate) Also levels 0% 0 30% 30 50%80%. 5080 80%. 50 50%;80% 18 days height diameter Index variables Furthermore 8 (8 2 6 (6 4 10 (10 3 50%80% 508 5 50%;80 1 ( (1 50%80 50%;8 50%8 50%;

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop and analyze the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Version of Lay Person's Social Judgement about Cleft-lip Scale (B-LSojCleft-S). A standardized photograph of a 16-year-old girl was manipulated by using photo editing software, to simulate different cleft-lip situations. The cleft-free image was used as a control. The researchers structured an initial questionnaire that was evaluated by experts and a sample of the target population to evaluate the construct. After analysis by the researchers, a final version of the B-LSojCleft-S containing 14 items was generated. Each answer was awarded score from 1 to 3 points, yielding a total score of 14 to 42 points. Higher scores represented better social judgements. The B-LSojCleft-S was applied online to 103 test participants and 73 retest participants with an interval of 20 days between application. Aspects of acceptability, discriminant property, internal consistency, reliability and construct validity were evaluated. Construct validity was assessed using the Friedman test (p < 0.05). Reliability was determined using an intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.70, and internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha > 0.81. The B-LSojCleft-S showed high acceptability, strong discriminant property, excellent internal consistency and reliability, but had a floor and ceiling effect. The instrument reached valid and reliable scores and had acceptable psychometric properties to evaluate the social judgments of lay persons about different cleft lip situations in a Brazilian population. Persons Person s Cleftlip Cleft BLSojCleftS. BLSojCleftS B LSojCleft S . (B-LSojCleft-S) 16yearold yearold 16 year old software cleftlip cleftfree free control generated points 4 judgements 10 7 2 application acceptability property p 0.05. 005 0.05 0 05 0.05) 070 70 0.70 Cronbachs Cronbach 081 81 0.81 effect (B-LSojCleft-S 00 0.0 07 0.7 08 8 0.8 0.

RESUMO O manejo de nutrientes em plantios de eucalipto é uma prática fundamental. Dessa forma, muitos esforços são realizados para otimizar o uso dos nutrientes pelas plantas. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar as doses adequadas do adubo de liberação lenta (ALL), em comparação à aplicação de superfosfato simples (SPS) na adubação de base (AB) e o seu impacto sobre a necessidade de adubação de cobertura (AC) em mudas de um híbrido de eucalipto, cultivadas em vaso. O experimento foi disposto em delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 6x3, em que o primeiro fator corresponde a seis doses de AB (0, 50, 75, 100, 125% de P) de ALL e 100% para P, de superfosfato simples (SPS). O segundo fator correspondeu a três aplicações de AC (0, 1 e 2 parcelas de KCl e NH4NH3). As doses de N, P, K foram baseadas na recomendação de adubação em vasos de 300, 100 e 100 mg dm-³, respectivamente. Avaliaram-se, aos 120 dias, a altura (H), o diâmetro do colo, a área foliar (AF), o número de folhas (NF) e as massas secas da planta. Ademais, calcularam-se as doses de máxima eficiência técnica (DMET). As médias obtidas pela AB via ALL, de todas as variáveis, foram superiores ao SPS. Em relação à H, recomenda-se o uso de uma AC, com DMET de 252,56 mg dm-³, de P, por ter obtido crescimento semelhante ao SPS. Para as demais variáveis, DMET, para a AB, variou de 236,52 a 327 mg dm-³, de P. Já em relação à AC, o D, NF e a massa seca aérea não apresentaram diferenças significativas, o que evidencia a qualidade do fertilizante em suprir os nutrientes fornecidos na AC, possibilitando sua redução. Assim, a DMET indicada para plantios da espécie é 100 % ALL, garantindo crescimento inicial satisfatório e uso de apenas uma AC. fundamental forma plantas contexto objetivouse objetivou se , (ALL) SPS (SPS (AB (AC vaso 6x3 x 0, 0 (0 50 75 125 P . NH4NH3. NH4NH3 NHNH NH NH4NH3) N 300 10 dm³, dm³ dm ³, ³ dm-³ respectivamente Avaliaramse, Avaliaramse Avaliaram se, Avaliaram-se 12 dias H (H) colo AF, AF (AF) (NF planta Ademais calcularamse calcularam DMET. (DMET) variáveis recomendase recomenda 25256 252 56 252,5 23652 236 52 236,5 32 D significativas redução Assim (ALL 6x ( 5 7 NH4NH 30 dm- (H (AF (DMET 2525 25 252, 2365 23 236, 3

ABSTRACT The nutrient management in eucalyptus plantations it is a key practice, in this way, consistent efforts are necessary to optimize the use of nutriente. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the adequate doses of slow release fertilizer (SRF), in comparison to the application of simple superphosphate (SPS) in the base fertilization (BF) and its impact on the need for top dressing (TD) in seedlings of a eucalyptus hybrid, grown in pots. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design in a 6x3 factorial scheme, in which the first factor corresponds to six doses of AB (0, 50, 75, 100, 125% of P) of SRF and 100% of P, of simple superphosphate (SPS). The second factor corresponded to three CF applications (0, 1 and 2 portions of KCl and NH4NH3. The doses of N, P, K were based on the recommendation of fertilization in pots of 300, 100 and 100 mg dm-³, respectively at 120 days, height (H), stem diameter (D), leaf area (LA), number of leaves (NL), plant dry mass were evaluated. In addition, doses of maximum technical efficiency were calculated (DMTE). The averages obtained by BF with SLF, of all variables were higher than the SPS. For the H, it is recommended to use one CF, with a DMET of 252.56 mg dm-³, of P, for having obtained growth similar to SPS. For the other variables, DMTE for BF, ranged from 236.52 to 327 mg dm-³, of P. In relation to CF, the, D, NL and shoot dry mass, did not show differences significant, which evidences the quality of the fertilizer in supplying the nutrients supplied in the CF, enabling its reduction. Thus, the DMTE indicated for plantings of the species is 100% ALL, guaranteeing satisfactory initial growth and use of only one CF. practice way nutriente context SRF, , (SRF) SPS (SPS (BF TD (TD hybrid x 6x scheme 0, 0 (0 50 75 125 P . NH4NH3 NHNH NH N 300 10 dm³, dm³ dm ³, ³ dm-³ 12 days H (H) D (D) LA, LA (LA) NL, (NL) evaluated addition DMTE. (DMTE) SLF 25256 252 56 252.5 23652 236 52 236.5 32 significant reduction Thus ALL (SRF ( 5 7 NH4NH 30 dm- (H (D (LA (NL (DMTE 2525 25 252. 2365 23 236. 3

Resumo Um dos principais componentes orgânicos utilizados em mudas é a casca de arroz, entretanto, não é encontrada com facilidade, principalmente no sul de Minas Gerais, enquanto que a palha de café é um dos principais resíduos gerados nesta região. Sendo assim, objetivou-se avaliar a viabilidade técnica da utilização de substratos à base de palha de café carbonizada (PCC) em detrimento da utilização de casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC), em formulação com fibra de coco (FC), para a produção de mudas de Eucalyptus urophylla e Anadenanthera macrocarpa. Foram testados quatro substratos, com cinco repetições e 20 mudas por parcela, utilizando delineamento em blocos casualizados. As proporções das misturas foram S1 (60% FC e 40% CAC), S2 (80% FC e 20% CAC), S3 (60% FC e 40% PCC) e S4 (80% FC e 20% PCC). Foram mensurados, aos quatro meses, a altura das mudas (H), o diâmetro de coleto (DC), a massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), a massa seca do sistema radicular (MSSR) e calculados o índice de robustez (H/DC), a densidade de raízes (DR) e o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD). Também foram feitas avaliações de facilidade de retirada das mudas do tubete e agregação das raízes ao substrato. Para o Eucalyptus urophylla, todos os parâmetros avaliados estiveram dentro do recomendando para expedição das mudas, contudo, os substratos à base de palha de café carbonizada obtiveram melhores resultados. Para a Anadenanthera macrocarpa, os parâmetros altura, diâmetro de coleto, índice de robustez e índice de qualidade de Dickson apresentaram-se dentro do exigido para expedição das mudas, em relação à formação do torrão, o tratamento empregando 60% de Fibra de coco e 40% de casca de arroz carbonizada apresentou maior média. Sendo assim, indica-se a utilização de palha de café carbonizada em detrimento da CAC para produção de mudas das duas espécies.

Abstract One of the following types of substrates is rice husk, although it is not easily found, mainly in the southern of Minas Gerais state, while coffee straw is one of the main generators of the region. The objective of this study was to use a technique for the use of carbonized coffee straw (PCC) substrates in preference to the use of carbonized rice husk (CAC) in the coconut fiber (CF) formulation for the production of Eucalyptus urophylla and Anadenanthera macrocarpa seedlings. Four substrates were tested, with five replications and 20 seedlings per plot, using a randomized block design. As proportions of the mixtures were S1 (60% FC and 40% CAC), S2 (80% FC and 20% CAC), S3 (60% FC and 40% PCC) and S4 (80% FC and 20% PCC). The height (H), collection diameter (DC), shoot dry mass (MSPA), dry mass of the root system (MSSR) and robustness index (H/DC), root density (DR) and the Dickson Quality Index (IQD), were measured at four months. Evaluations of ease of removal of seedlings and aggregation of roots were also made to the substrate. For Eucalyptus urophylla, all the evaluated parameters are within the recommended for the removal of the seedlings. However, the substrates are based on PCC results. For the Anadenanthera macrocarpa, the parameters H, DC, H/DC and IQD, presented within the required for the expedition of the seedlings, in relation to the formation of the clod, S1 presented higher average. Therefore, the use of CCPs in detriment of CAC is indicated for the production of seedlings of both species.

RESUMO Para que haja uma restauração florestal eficaz é de fundamental importância o conhecimento sobre o crescimento inicial das plantas. Dentre os aspectos a serem considerados destacam-se as exigências nutricionais das espécies utilizadas para tal finalidade, tendo em vista que essas áreas, geralmente, apresentam solos de baixa fertilidade, o que pode dificultar o estabelecimento e crescimento das espécies plantadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da adubação fosfatada em espécies florestais nativas, destinadas à recuperação de uma área degradada. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico da UFLA - Fazenda Muquém, situada no município de Lavras, Minas Gerais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados completos, com 12 repetições e uma planta por parcela, em esquema fatorial 7 x 4, sendo sete espécies e quatro doses de superfosfato simples (0, 150, 300 e 450 gramas/cova). Aos 60 dias após o plantio, foram coletados dados sobre porcentagem de sobrevivência, diâmetro ao nível do solo e altura das plantas. Aos 300 dias, além do diâmetro e altura, foi avaliada a área de projeção de copa das plantas. As espécies apresentaram altos percentuais de sobrevivência, com exceção do Inga edulis, com sobrevivência de 58%. Dentre as sete espécies estudadas, Schinus terebinthifolius e Guazuma ulmifolia foram as que apresentaram maior crescimento dos parâmetros analisados, sendo, portanto, as espécies de maior potencial para um recobrimento mais rápido dessa área. A adubação fosfatada influenciou, de forma distinta, o crescimento inicial das sete espécies, em relação às doses de superfosfato simples aplicadas. Recomenda-se a dose de 250 gramas de superfosfato simples por cova, como adubação de base para todas as espécies.

ABSTRACT For an effective forest restoration, knowledge about the initial growth of plants is of fundamental importance. Among the aspects to be considered, the nutritional requirements of the species used for this purpose stand out, considering that these areas generally have low fertility soils, which can hinder the establishment and growth of the planted species. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of phosphate fertilization on native forest species, destined to the recovery of a degraded area. The experiment was carried out at the Center for Scientific and Technological Development at UFLA - Fazenda Muquém, located in the municipality of Lavras, Minas Gerais. The experimental design used was in complete randomized blocks, with 12 replicates and one plant per plot, in a 7 x 4 factorial scheme, with seven species and four doses of simple superphosphate (0, 150, 300 and 450 grams/pit). At 60 days after planting, data on percentage of survival, diameter at ground level and plant height were collected. At 300 days, in addition to the diameter and height, the canopy projection area of the plants was evaluated. The species showed high percentages of survival, with the exception of Inga edulis, with 58% survival. Among the seven species studied, Schinus terebinthifolius and Guazuma ulmifolia were the ones that showed the highest growth in the analyzed parameters, being, therefore, the species with the greatest potential for a faster covering of this area. Phosphate fertilization influenced, in a different way, the initial growth of the seven species, in relation to the doses of simple superphosphate applied. It is recommended to dose 250 grams of simple superphosphate per hole, as a basic fertilization for all species.

Abstract We present the first records of insect visitors and pollinators of Bertholletia excelsa (Lecythidaceae) in a 25 years plantation outside the Amazon biome, flowering and producing Brazil nuts. We installed a platform to observe and photograph the insects. The collected insects were stored, mounted, and identified by specialists. Six species were observed, three of them classified as potential pollinators (Centris lutea, Eulaema nigrita, Eulaema cingulata). The species E. nigrita and E. cingulata were already reported as a pollinators of Brazil nut in Amazon. This is the first record of C. lutea as potential pollinators for B. excelsa.

ABSTRACT Symptoms in post-COVID-19 patients who require hospitalization can persist for months, significantly affecting their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Thus, the present study aimed to discuss the main findings regarding HRQoL in post-COVID-19 patients who required hospitalization. An electronic search was performed in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, LILACS, and Scopus databases, without date and language restrictions, until July 2021. Twenty-four articles were included in the analysis. It seems that HRQoL partially improved soon after hospital discharge, although the negative impact on HRQoL may persist for months. The physical and mental aspects are affected because patients report pain, discomfort, anxiety, and depression. The HRQoL of COVID-19 infected patients was worse than that of uninfected patients. Additionally, HRQoL seemed worse in patients admitted to the intensive care unit than in those who remained in the ward. Improvements in HRQoL after hospital discharge are independent of imaging improvement, and there seems to be no association between HRQoL after hospital discharge and disease severity on hospital admission. Many factors have been identified as determinants of HRQoL, with women and advanced age being the most related to worse HRQOL, followed by the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation and the need for intensive care. Other factors included the presence and number of comorbidities, lower forced vital capacity, high body mass index, smoking history, undergraduate education, and unemployment. In conclusion, these findings may aid in clinical management and should be considered in the aftercare of patients.

RESUMO Objetivos: Desenvolver e disponibilizar, gratuitamente, ferramentas de tecnologia da informação e comunicação (TIC) para a Odontologia, abordando informações e orientações direcionadas a pacientes em tratamento ortodôntico com aparelho fixo. Material e Métodos: Foi elaborado um conteúdo que contemplou informações e orientações concernentes ao tratamento ortodôntico com aparelho fixo. O material, que abrangeu instruções sobre higiene bucal e sobre abordagens diante de possíveis intercorrências, foi avaliado e validado por especialistas. A partir do conteúdo validado, foram elaborados produtos utilizando quatro ferramentas distintas de TIC. Resultados: Foram desenvolvidos os seguintes produtos tecnológicos: um programa para rádios comunitárias, três postagens para blog, quatro vídeos educacionais e informativos, e um aplicativo para smartphones, utilizando não apenas textos, mas também imagens e vídeos. Essas ferramentas de TIC direcionadas a pacientes fazendo uso de aparelho ortodôntico fixo foram disponibilizadas gratuitamente via internet, e já contam com expressivo número de acessos. Conclusões: As ferramentas técnico-científicas, desenvolvidas e fornecidas livremente à população, podem auxiliar pacientes durante o tratamento com aparelho ortodôntico fixo, contribuir para disseminar informações confiáveis e esclarecer dúvidas que surgem durante a terapia ortodôntica. Essas ferramentas gratuitas de TIC facilitam o acesso ao conhecimento científico e, consequentemente, favorecem a inserção social, tendo em vista que esse material educacional e informativo foi ofertado de maneira simples e acessível à população.

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and make available, at no cost to the user, Information and Communications Technology (ICT) tools for Dentistry, providing dental information and advice geared toward patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Material and Methods: A Dentistry-based content that contemplated information and advice concerning orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances was elaborated. The materials, which included instructions on oral hygiene and treatment strategies when faced with possible complications, were evaluated and validated by specialists, whose assessments reached a 85% approval. From the validated content, products using four distinct ICT tools were formulated. Results: The following technological products were developed: a program for community radios, three blog posts, four educational and informative videos, and a smartphone application - using texts, as well as images and videos. These ICT tools, geared toward patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances, were made available by internet at no cost to the user, and the number of accesses is already expressive. Conclusion: These technological-scientific tools, developed and provided freely to the population, can aid patients during their treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances, contributing to the dissemination of reliable information, and clarifying doubts that may arise during orthodontic therapy. These free ICT tools serve to facilitate access to scientific knowledge, thereby favoring social inclusion, bearing in mind that this educational and informative material was offered in a simple and accessible manner to the general population.

Abstract Basic information about growth rate and response to silvicultural treatments on potential native species are bottlenecks for the wide use of these species for forest production. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the silvicultural performance of four native species as a function of pruning intensity. The experimental design was completely randomized with ten replications and one plant per plot, in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, four forest species, and four pruning intensities. At 30 and 42 months, height (H) and diameter at breast height (DBH) were evaluated, then the current annual increment (CAI) was calculated, as well as the mean annual increment (MAI) at 42 months. Guazuma ulmifolia showed higher growth in height and DBH compared to other species at both ages. The pruning resulted in a reduction of MAI in 0.15 cm. year-1 in DBH for every 25% of pruning intensity.

Abstract Acrocarpus fraxinifolius stands out due to its uses in the timber industry and rapid growth. However, information is scarce regarding its fertilization. We aim to understand how soil preparation and phosphorus doses affect A. fraxinifolius initial development. The experimental design used was a randomized block design in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, consisting of two types of soil tillage (minimum and conventional) and five doses of phosphorus (P) (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g of simple superphosphate) with four replications, and plots formed by two plants. The measurement occurs at 30 and 210 days after planting, assessing the height and diameter at the stem height. Initially, the minimum tillage provided had a higher average height and diameter. However, conventional tillage, acidity correction, and fertilization with 108 g of simple superphosphate per plant resulted in Acrocarpus fraxinifolius plants with better growth at 210 days after planting.

MacLeish in Aiuruoca, Minas Gerais State, Brazil). Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) MacLeish is a native species, economically appreciated due to its wood and the extraction of essential oil, whose active ingredient is alphabisabolol, but studies on genetic improvement of this species are still scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate survival, genetic variability and estimate genetic parameters in E. erythropappus progenies in the field at 15, 22 and 30 months of age. The experiment was set up at Fazenda Guapiara, in Aiuruoca, Minas Gerais State, where seedlings of 15 progenies were planted in a randomized block design with five replications and six plants per plot. Plant height evaluations were performed and genetic studies were carried out in the SELEGEN software using the REML/BLUP method. At 30 months, the percentage of seedling survival was evaluated. Significant differences were observed between progenies, and the highest estimates of h²mp (0.48) and Acprog (0.69) were found at 30 months. Therefore, even in the juvenile stage, it was possible to identify genetic variability and analyze its expression over time, which makes it possible to continue studies of genetic improvement of the species.

MacLeish em Aiuruoca, MG, Brasil). Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) MacLeish é uma espécie nativa, apreciada economicamente devido a sua madeira e à extração de óleo essencial, cujo princípio ativo é o alfabisabolol, porém os estudos em melhoramento genético dessa espécie ainda são escassos. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a sobrevivência e estimar parâmetros genéticos em progênies de E. erythropappus em campo aos 15, 22 e 30 meses de idade. O experimento foi instalado na Fazenda Guapiara, em Aiuruoca, MG, onde foram plantadas mudas de 15 progênies em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com cinco repetições e seis plantas por parcela. Foram realizadas avaliações da altura das plantas e procederam-se aos estudos genéticos no software SELEGEN por meio do método REML/BLUP. Aos 30 meses, foi avaliado o percentual de sobrevivência das mudas. Verificou-se diferenças significativas entre as progênies, e as maiores estimativas de h²mp (0,48) e de Acprog (0,69) foram encontradas aos 30 meses. Portanto, mesmo em estágio juvenil, foi possível identificar variabilidade genética e analisar a sua expressão ao longo do tempo, o que possibilita dar continuidade aos estudos visando o melhoramento genético da espécie.