Generalized anxiety disorder is a highly prevalent mental disorder. Previous data indicate that more than 18 million Brazilians suffer from this condition. Traditionally, generalized anxiety disorder has been considered a mild mental health disorder, despite its links to lower life expectancy, cardiovascular disease, and suicide. The aim of this article is to combine elements of systematic and critical reviews to produce a synthesis of the best evidence about generalized anxiety disorder treatment. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials were included. The descriptor used in the search was “generalized anxiety disorder,” which resulted in 4,860 articles and seven other studies, of which 59 were selected. Antidepressants and benzodiazepines were indicated, as was pregabalin, and atypical antipsychotics, such as quetiapine, have been studied. Individual cognitive behavior therapy (third wave) has proven effective. There is extensive literature on many effective treatments for generalized anxiety disorder. The present review summarizes the therapeutic possibilities, emphasizing those available in Brazil. Further studies are needed to compare other available medications, assess psychotherapies and new treatments in greater depth, as well as to assess the ideal duration of therapy. Registration number: PROSPERO CRD42021288323. 1 condition Traditionally expectancy disease suicide treatment metaanalyses, metaanalyses meta analyses, analyses meta-analyses included 4860 4 860 4,86 5 selected indicated pregabalin antipsychotics quetiapine studied third wave possibilities Brazil medications depth number CRD42021288323 CRD 486 86 4,8 CRD4202128832 48 8 4, CRD420212883 CRD42021288 CRD4202128 CRD420212 CRD42021 CRD4202 CRD420 CRD42 CRD4

This is the first of two documents prepared by experts for the Brazilian S20 mental health report. These reports outline strategies aimed at addressing the exacerbated mental health challenges arising from a post-pandemic world. Ongoing psychiatric epidemiology research has yielded evidence linking mental health with intricate social determinants, including gender, race/ethnicity, racism, socioeconomic status, social deprivation, and employment. More recently, the focus has expanded to also encompass violence and social oppression. By prioritizing prevention and early intervention, harnessing technology, and fostering community support, we can mitigate the long-term impact of emerging mental disorders throughout the life course. By utilizing evidence-based practices and forging partnerships between the health and education sectors, S20 countries can promote the health and safety of their student population, paving the way for a more promising future for the next generations. The first document focuses on addressing the mental health concerns of vulnerable populations, catering to the needs of children, youth, and aging populations, assessing the current state of alcohol and drug addictions, scaling up psychosocial interventions in primary care, exploring the potential integration of health and educational systems, and emphasizing the imperative adoption of human rights in mental health policies. S S2 report postpandemic post pandemic world determinants gender raceethnicity race ethnicity race/ethnicity racism status deprivation employment recently oppression intervention technology support longterm long term course evidencebased based sectors population generations populations children youth addictions care systems policies

Objective: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is triggered by traumatic events, but genetic vulnerability and a history of childhood trauma may also increase the risk of PTSD onset. Thus, we investigated the interaction between genetic susceptibility according to polygenic risk score (PRS), and traumatic events. Methods: We evaluated 68 women with PTSD who had been sexually assaulted and 63 healthy controls with no history of sexual assault. DNA was genotyped using the Infinium Global Screening Array (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA), and PRS analysis was performed using PRSice. Logistic regression models were also used to determine the interaction between childhood trauma, traumatic life events, and PRS and how they contribute to PTSD risk. Results: We found a significant association between PRS, childhood trauma (p = 0.03; OR = 1.241), and PTSD. There was also an interaction between PRS, traumatic life events, and childhood trauma, particularly physical and emotional neglect (p = 0.028; OR = 1.010). When examining neglect separately, we found a modest association between emotional neglect and PTSD (p = 0.014; OR = 1.086). Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of considering genetic vulnerability and traumatic experiences in understanding the etiology of PTSD. Objective Posttraumatic Post (PTSD events onset Thus , (PRS) Methods 6 assault Illumina, Illumina (Illumina Diego CA USA, USA USA) PRSice Results p 0.03 003 0 03 1.241, 1241 1.241 1 241 1.241) 0.028 0028 028 1.010. 1010 1.010 . 010 1.010) separately 0.014 0014 014 1.086. 1086 1.086 086 1.086) Conclusion (PRS 0.0 00 124 1.24 24 0.02 002 02 101 1.01 01 0.01 001 108 1.08 08 0. 12 1.2 2 10 1.0 1.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study examines the changes in anxiety and depression scores of 84 patients subjected to aortic or iliac aneurysm correction with no previous psychiatric history. METHODS: Patients were referred to the evaluation using the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories no more than 3 days before surgery (i.e., preoperative [Pre-Op]), 30 days after revascularization (i.e., Early postoperative [PO]), and at least 6 months after revascularization (i.e., Late PO). RESULTS: Mean anxiety scores declined from baseline at both the Early (mean difference: 2.75, p<0.001) and Late PO (mean difference: 2.74, p=0.001). The depression levels showed no significant variation in either evaluation (Early PO; mean difference: −0.84, p>0.05, Late PO: 0.87, p=0.05). A more severe degree of anxiety at baseline was related to better anxiety results both in the Early PO (p=0.041) and Late PO (p=0.008). An endovascular technique was related to the improvement in depression symptoms in the Early PO (p=0.01) but the worsening of the symptoms in the Late PO (p=0.033). CONCLUSIONS: Patients subjected to aortoiliac aneurysm corrections have a higher incidence of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Anxiety symptoms, but not the depressive ones, improved considerably following the successful treatment. The formal psychiatric evaluation may be beneficial for patients with less improvement in the symptom.

Resumo O Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT) é frequentemente associado a déficits cognitivos, porém ainda existem divergências com relação as funções cognitivas afetadas. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o impacto do TEPT na memória operacional, na memória visual de curto prazo, na memória episódica de longo prazo, na memória semântica de longo prazo e na memória prospectiva. A amostra foi composta por 20 mulheres com idades entre 20 e 60 anos, sendo 10 mulheres provenientes do Programa de Atendimento e Pesquisa em Violência da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (PROVE) com diagnóstico de TEPT (GTEPT) e 10 mulheres controle com a mesma idade e escolaridade (GC). O instrumento utilizado foi o Instrumento de Avaliação Neuropsicológica Breve (NEUPSILIN). Os dados foram analisados por teste t de Student para amostras dependentes e o nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Os resultados obtidos a partir da análise do NEUPSILIN apontam para prejuízos na memória operacional (p = 0,04) e na memória prospectiva (p = 0,02) associados ao TEPT. Porém não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos no que diz respeito aos outros tipos de memória investigados (p > 0,05). Os achados deste estudo, com relação aos prejuízos na memória operacional e na memória prospectiva associados ao TEPT estão de acordo com a literatura. Ambas funções são de extrema importância para o desempenho de atividades cotidianas, portanto, a intervenção e reabilitação destas funções no sujeito com TEPT podem auxiliar significativamente na melhora da qualidade de vida.

Abstract Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is often associated with cognitive deficits, but there are still some differences regarding cognitive functions affected. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of PTSD on working memory, visual short-term memory, long-term episodic memory, long-term semantic memory and prospective memory. The sample consisted of 20 women aged between 20 and 60 years, ten women from the Program of Assistance and Research on Violence of the Federal University of São Paulo (PROVE) diagnosed with PTSD and overlapping violence (GTEPT) and ten women control of the same age and educational level (GC). The instrument used was the Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument (NEUPSILIN). Data were analyzed by Student’s t-test for dependent samples, and the significance level was 5%. The results obtained from the analysis NEUPSILIN point to the losses in working memory (p = 0.04) and prospective memory (p = 0.02) associated with PTSD. Differences between groups were not observed on other types of memory investigated (p > 0.05). The findings of this study on losses in working memory and prospective memory associated with PTSD are in agreement with the literature. Both functions are critical to the performance of daily activities. Therefore, intervention and rehabilitation of these functions in the subject with PTSD can help significantly in improving the quality of life.

Resumen El trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) suele asociarse a déficits cognitivos, pero todavía existen divergencias con las funciones cognitivas afectadas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el impacto del TEPT en la memoria operativa, en la memoria visual de corto plazo, en la memoria episódica de largo plazo, en la memoria semántica de largo plazo y en la memoria prospectiva. La muestra fue compuesta por 20 mujeres con edades entre 20 y 60 años, siendo 10 mujeres provenientes del Programa de Atención e Investigación en Violencia de la Universidad Federal de São Paulo (PROVE) con diagnóstico de TEPT (GTEPT) y 10 mujeres control con la misma edad y escolaridad (GC). El instrumento utilizado fue el Instrumento de Evaluación Neuropsicológica Breve (NEUPSILIN). Los datos fueron analizados por test t de Student para muestras dependientes y el nivel de significancia adoptado fue del 5%. Los resultados obtenidos a partir del análisis del NEUPSILIN apuntan a pérdidas en la memoria operativa (p = 0,04) y en la memoria prospectiva (p = 0,02) asociados al TEPT. Sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias entre los grupos en lo que se refiere a los otros tipos de memoria investigados (p > 0,05). Los hallazgos de este estudio, con relación a los perjuicios en la memoria operativa y en la memoria prospectiva asociados al TEPT están de acuerdo con la literatura. Ambas funciones son de extrema importancia para el desempeño de actividades cotidianas, por lo tanto, la intervención y rehabilitación de estas funciones en el sujeto con TEPT pueden auxiliar significativamente en la mejora de la calidad de vida.

Abstract Background The identification of facial emotions is a key skill as it promotes rapid and accurate recognition of emotions and enables better communication and greater social adaptation. More recent studies have suggested that impaired social interactions may be related to deficits in social cognition and therefore in the recognition of facial expressions, contributing to social disturbance among individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Objective To present the results of an empirical study assessing the recognition of facial emotion expressions in women with BPD, having as reference a group of healthy women from the general population. Methods The subjects (40 female with BPD and 40 controls) were assessed with a dynamic task on a computer screen for recognition of facial expressions of emotion. Results The BPD group had a lower accuracy in perceiving emotions of fear and surprise and slowness in recognising happiness. Logistic regression analyses also identified an association between BPD and higher sensitivity in the recognition of anger. Discussion Women with BPD made more mistakes in the recognition of negative emotions, which can bias the behaviour and regulation of affective states, favouring in turn the emergence of some typical symptoms associated with BPD.

Avaliamos a percepção da qualidade de vida de mães de crianças em situação de rua e investigamos a sua possível associação com os antecedentes maternos de abuso e violência na infância e vitimização atual, sintomas emocionais delas e de seus filhos e com o funcionamento familiar. Foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos: Instrumento para a Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida da OMS - versão abreviada, Questionário de Capacidades e Dificuldades, WorldSAFECore Questionnaire, Escala de Avaliação Global de Funcionamento nas Relações Familiares, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire e um questionário sociodemográfico. Nossa amostra de conveniência foi constituída por 79 mães, a maioria delas com rastreamento positivo para doença mental. Aplicamos um modelo de regressão múltipla que encontrou associação entre a percepção de pior qualidade de vida com a presença de psicopatologia nelas e em seus filhos e com pior funcionamento familiar. Dessa forma, qualquer programa voltado para a melhora da qualidade de vida de mães nessa condição deve considerar a abordagem de problemas mentais nelas e em seus filhos, além de oferecer recursos educacionais e psicoterapêuticos para as famílias, visando à melhora das condições socioambientais

The present study evaluated the perceived quality of life of the mothers of street children and investigated the association with their history of childhood violence, the occurrence of current domestic violence, their current mental states and that of their children, and family functioning. The applied instruments were as follows: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, WorldSAFECore Questionnaire, Instrument for the Assessment of Quality of Life of the WHO, Global Assessment of Relational Functioning Scale, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and a socio-demographic questionnaire. The sample of convenience consisted of 79 low-income mothers who raised their children alone, and most of whom had a positive screening for mental illness. The multiple regression analysis showed that the perception of quality of life of these women was associated with the presence of psychopathology either in themselves or their children and family dysfunction. Thus any program aimed at improving the quality of life of such mothers should consider addressing their mental problems as well as those of their children, besides offering educational and psychotherapeutic approaches to these families to improve the social environment

Se presenta aquí una evaluación de la calidad de vida percibida por madres de niños en las calles, y se investigó la posible asociación con antecedentes maternos de abuso y violencia en la infancia y victimización actual, los síntomas emocionales de ellos y de sus hijos y el funcionamiento familiar. Se aplicaron los Instrumentos para la Evaluación de la Calidad de Vida de la OMS - versión abreviada, Cuestionario de Capacidades y Dificultades, WorldSAFECore Questionnaire, Escala de Evaluación Global de Funcionamiento en las Relaciones Familiares, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. La muestra incluyó a 79 madres, la mayoría de ellas con una detección positiva para la enfermedad mental. La percepción de calidad de vida se asoció con la presencia de psicopatología en ellos y sus hijos y el funcionamiento familiar. Por lo tanto, cualquier programa destinado a mejorar la calidad de vida de las madres en esta condición debe considerar el enfoque de los problemas mentales en ellos y sus hijos y ofrecer trabajo educativo y terapéutico a esas familias

Avaliamos a percepção da qualidade de vida de mães de crianças em situação de rua e investigamos a sua possível associação com os antecedentes maternos de abuso e violência na infância e vitimização atual, sintomas emocionais delas e de seus filhos e com o funcionamento familiar. Foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos: Instrumento para a Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida da OMS - versão abreviada, Questionário de Capacidades e Dificuldades, WorldSAFECore Questionnaire, Escala de Avaliação Global de Funcionamento nas Relações Familiares, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire e um questionário sociodemográfico. Nossa amostra de conveniência foi constituída por 79 mães, a maioria delas com rastreamento positivo para doença mental. Aplicamos um modelo de regressão múltipla que encontrou associação entre a percepção de pior qualidade de vida com a presença de psicopatologia nelas e em seus filhos e com pior funcionamento familiar. Dessa forma, qualquer programa voltado para a melhora da qualidade de vida de mães nessa condição deve considerar a abordagem de problemas mentais nelas e em seus filhos, além de oferecer recursos educacionais e psicoterapêuticos para as famílias, visando à melhora das condições socioambientais

The present study evaluated the perceived quality of life of the mothers of street children and investigated the association with their history of childhood violence, the occurrence of current domestic violence, their current mental states and that of their children, and family functioning. The applied instruments were as follows: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, WorldSAFECore Questionnaire, Instrument for the Assessment of Quality of Life of the WHO, Global Assessment of Relational Functioning Scale, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and a socio-demographic questionnaire. The sample of convenience consisted of 79 low-income mothers who raised their children alone, and most of whom had a positive screening for mental illness. The multiple regression analysis showed that the perception of quality of life of these women was associated with the presence of psychopathology either in themselves or their children and family dysfunction. Thus any program aimed at improving the quality of life of such mothers should consider addressing their mental problems as well as those of their children, besides offering educational and psychotherapeutic approaches to these families to improve the social environment

Se presenta aquí una evaluación de la calidad de vida percibida por madres de niños en las calles, y se investigó la posible asociación con antecedentes maternos de abuso y violencia en la infancia y victimización actual, los síntomas emocionales de ellos y de sus hijos y el funcionamiento familiar. Se aplicaron los Instrumentos para la Evaluación de la Calidad de Vida de la OMS - versión abreviada, Cuestionario de Capacidades y Dificultades, WorldSAFECore Questionnaire, Escala de Evaluación Global de Funcionamiento en las Relaciones Familiares, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. La muestra incluyó a 79 madres, la mayoría de ellas con una detección positiva para la enfermedad mental. La percepción de calidad de vida se asoció con la presencia de psicopatología en ellos y sus hijos y el funcionamiento familiar. Por lo tanto, cualquier programa destinado a mejorar la calidad de vida de las madres en esta condición debe considerar el enfoque de los problemas mentales en ellos y sus hijos y ofrecer trabajo educativo y terapéutico a esas familias

OBJETIVO: Avaliamos se existe associação entre características de personalidade e tipo de estupro cometido (com ou sem a morte da vítima). MÉTODOS: Como estratégias de estudo, utilizaram-se indicadores comportamentais que podem ser associados à personalidade antissocial, de modo a diferenciar os comportamentos externalizantes de agressores sexuais que matam ou não suas vítimas. RESULTADOS: Os agressores sexuais apresentaram comportamentos externalizantes relacionados à personalidade antissocial. O grupo de indivíduos que cometeu estupro seguido de morte tem esses traços comportamentais mais presentes no decorrer da vida. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que os agressores sexuais aparentam ter indicadores que permitem uma investigação mais profunda em relação à personalidade antissocial, mas aqueles que matam suas vítimas diferem quanto ao seu histórico comportamental daqueles que não cometem o homicídio subsequente ao ato de estupro. São indicadores comportamentais da propensão ao homicídio em agressores sexuais: estarem, mais comumente, sob os efeitos de álcool/drogas durante o ato de estupro, propensão ao suicídio, prematuridade de início da vida criminosa e alta impulsividade.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the association between personality characteristics and type of rape (with or without the victim's death). METHODS: As a strategy to study, we used behavioral indicators that may be associated with antisocial personality in order to differentiate the externalizing behaviors of sex offenders who kill its victims. RESULTS: The sex offenders had externalizing behaviors related to antisocial personality. The group of individuals who committed rape resulting in death has these behavioral traits more prevalent later in life. CONCLUSION: We conclude that sex offenders, appear to have indicators that allow a deeper investigation in relation to antisocial personality, but those who kill their victims differ in their historical behavior of those who do not commit murder subsequent to the act of rape. Are indicators of behavioral propensity to murder sex offenders, are more commonly under the influence of alcohol/drugs during the act of rape, suicidality, premature start of criminal life and high impulsivity.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a presença de sintomas psicopatológicos em mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica (VD) que procuraram uma delegacia de defesa da mulher. MÉTODO: Foram avaliadas mulheres com idade entre 20 e 50 anos que deram entrada em uma delegacia da mulher com queixa de VD. Durante a entrevista, todas foram submetidas ao Relatório de Indicadores Sociais e preencheram os seguintes instrumentos de autoaplicação: Inventário de Depressão de Beck, Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist - Civilian Version e o Questionário de Experiências Dissociativas Peritraumáticas (todos em língua portuguesa). Foram usadas notas de corte a partir dos estudos de validação desses instrumentos para categorizar indivíduos com alta probabilidade de apresentar transtorno depressivo maior, transtorno de ansiedade, transtorno de estresse pós-traumático, ou alta/baixa dissociação peritraumática. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliadas 17 mulheres com idade média de 34,7±7,7 anos. O tempo médio de duração da violência foi de 9,1±8,7 anos. Do total de mulheres, 53% eram vítimas de agressão excessiva e 84% eram ameaçadas de morte pelo companheiro; em 71% dos casos, os companheiros eram usuários de drogas. Além disso, 53% das mulheres afirmaram ter sofrido VD na infância. Do total da amostra, 89% tiveram grande probabilidade de apresentar transtorno depressivo maior, 94% transtorno de ansiedade, 76% transtorno de estresse pós-traumático e 88% apresentaram elevados níveis de experiências dissociativas peritraumáticas. CONCLUSÃO: As vítimas de VD que dão entrada em delegacias de defesa da mulher têm alta probabilidade de apresentar morbidade psiquiátrica, assim como alterações cognitivas que as impossibilitam de sair do ciclo da violência.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the presence of psychopathological symptoms in women victims of domestic violence who seek help at police units offering women's protective services. METHODS: Women aged between 20 and 50 years who sought help at women's protective services complaining of domestic violence were assessed. During the interview, all participants were submitted to assessment using a Social Indicator Report and filled in the following self-report instruments: Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist - Civilian Version, and the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire (all in Brazilian Portuguese). Cut-off points were established based on instrument validation studies and were used to identify subjects with a high probability of having major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, or high/low peritraumatic dissociation. RESULTS: Seventeen women with a mean age of 34.7±7.7 years were assessed. Average duration of exposure to domestic violence was 9.1±8.7 years. Of the total sample, 53% were exposed to excessive violence and 84% received death threats from their partners; 71% of the partners were drug abusers. In addition, 53% of the women reported exposure to domestic violence during childhood. From the total sample, 89% presented a high probability of having major depressive disorder, 94% anxiety disorder, 76% post-traumatic stress disorder, and 88% showed high scores of peritraumatic dissociative experiences. CONCLUSION: Victims of violence seeking help at women's protective services showed a high probability of having psychiatric morbidities cognitive dysfunction that prevent these women from interrupting exposure to this specific type of violence.

Acute and post-traumatic stress disorders are two conditions caused specifically by violence. These are severe disorders, with deep biological, psychological and social effects. The Program to assist in and study violence (PROVE) was created in 2004. As of May 2009 the assistance changed to a multidisciplinary approach. A total 1,445 cases were seen between that date and November 2009, and new patients were included, 76 adults and 27 children. The most common traumatic events were hold-ups and kidnapping (adults) and murder of a relative and sexual abuse (children). The multidisciplinary system is effective with high adherence (87%/6 months).

Los transtornos de estrés agudo y de estrés postraumático son dos condiciones específicas causadas por la violencia. Son cuadros graves, con repercusiones biológicas, psicológicas y sociales profundas. Se creó un programa para atender y estudiar la violencia (PROVE) en 2004. A partir de mayo de 2009 hubieron cambios en la atención, que pasó a ser multidisciplinaria. Se realizaron 1.445 atenciones desde tal fecha hasta noviembre de 2009 y se incluyeron 76 nuevos pacientes adultos y 27 niños. Los eventos traumáticos más frecuentes fueron asalto y secuestro (adultos) y asesinato de un familiar y abuso sexual (niños). El sistema multidisciplinario es efectivo y de alta adhesión (87%/6 meses).

Os transtornos de estresse agudo e de estresse pós-traumático são duas condições específicas causadas pela violência. São quadros graves, com repercussões biológicas, psicológicas e sociais profundas. Foi criado programa para atender e estudar a violência (Prove), em 2004. A partir de maio de 2009, houve mudança do atendimento que passou a ser multidisciplinar. Foram realizados 1.445 atendimentos dessa data até novembro de 2009 e incluídos 76 novos pacientes adultos e 27 crianças. Os eventos traumáticos mais frequentes foram assalto e sequestro (adultos) e assassinato de um familiar e abuso sexual (crianças). O sistema multidisciplinar é efetivo e apresenta alta adesão (87%/6 meses).

As experiências traumáticas precoces são um fator de risco preditivo de problemas psicopatológicos futuros. O Early Trauma Inventory (ETI) é um instrumento que avalia em indivíduos adultos experiências traumáticas ocorridas antes dos 18 anos de idade. Tal instrumento foi traduzido, transculturalmente adaptado e sua consistência interna foi avaliada. Vítimas de violência que preencheram os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram submetidas a uma entrevista diagnóstica (SCID-I) e ao ETI. Foram incluídos 91 pacientes com o transtorno do estresse pós-traumático (TEPT). O alfa de Cronbach nos diferentes domínios variou de 0,595-0,793, e o escore total foi de 0,878. A maior parte dos itens nos vários domínios, com exceção do abuso emocional, apresentou índices de correlação interitem entre 0,51-0,99. A versão adaptada foi útil tanto na clínica quanto na pesquisa. Apresentou boa consistência interna e na correlação interitem. O ETI é um instrumento válido, com boa consistência para se avaliar a presença de história de traumas precoces em indivíduos adultos.

Early life stress is a strong predictor of future psychopathology during adulthood. The Early Trauma Inventory (ETI) was developed to detect the presence and impact of traumatic experiences that occurred up to 18 years of age. The ETI was translated and cross-culturally adapted and had its consistency evaluated. Victims of violence that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were submitted to SCID-I and ETI. Ninety-one patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were included. Cronbach's alpha in the different domains varied from 0.595 to 0.793, and the total score was 0.878. Except for emotional abuse, most of the various domains displayed inter-item correlation rates of 0.51 to 0.99. The adapted version was useful for clinical and research purposes and showed good internal consistency and inter-item correlation. The ETI is a valid instrument with good consistency for evaluating history of childhood and adolescent trauma in adults.

As experiências traumáticas precoces são um fator de risco preditivo de problemas psicopatológicos futuros. O Early Trauma Inventory (ETI) é um instrumento que avalia em indivíduos adultos experiências traumáticas ocorridas antes dos 18 anos de idade. Tal instrumento foi traduzido, transculturalmente adaptado e sua consistência interna foi avaliada. Vítimas de violência que preencheram os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram submetidas a uma entrevista diagnóstica (SCID-I) e ao ETI. Foram incluídos 91 pacientes com o transtorno do estresse pós-traumático (TEPT). O alfa de Cronbach nos diferentes domínios variou de 0,595-0,793, e o escore total foi de 0,878. A maior parte dos itens nos vários domínios, com exceção do abuso emocional, apresentou índices de correlação interitem entre 0,51-0,99. A versão adaptada foi útil tanto na clínica quanto na pesquisa. Apresentou boa consistência interna e na correlação interitem. O ETI é um instrumento válido, com boa consistência para se avaliar a presença de história de traumas precoces em indivíduos adultos.

Early life stress is a strong predictor of future psychopathology during adulthood. The Early Trauma Inventory (ETI) was developed to detect the presence and impact of traumatic experiences that occurred up to 18 years of age. The ETI was translated and cross-culturally adapted and had its consistency evaluated. Victims of violence that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were submitted to SCID-I and ETI. Ninety-one patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were included. Cronbach's alpha in the different domains varied from 0.595 to 0.793, and the total score was 0.878. Except for emotional abuse, most of the various domains displayed inter-item correlation rates of 0.51 to 0.99. The adapted version was useful for clinical and research purposes and showed good internal consistency and inter-item correlation. The ETI is a valid instrument with good consistency for evaluating history of childhood and adolescent trauma in adults.

OBJETIVO: O transtorno de estresse pós-traumático é um quadro prevalente (7,8%-lifetime-EUA) que provoca grande prejuízo aos pacientes. Os inibidores seletivos de recaptação de serotonina, medicação de primeira escolha para o tratamento, mostram baixos índices de remissão. Este estudo pretende apresentar uma diferente escolha de medicamento para tratar o transtorno de estresse pós-traumático. MÉTODO: Trinta e dois pacientes com transtorno de estresse pós-traumático receberam aripiprazol por 16 semanas. Foram submetidos na entrada, 8 e 16 semanas às escalas Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 e Social Adjustment Scale. Foi usado o modelo linear generalizado para medidas repetidas comparando o fator com as três medidas contínuas nos três pontos de avaliação. Foi feita uma comparação entre sujeitos (grupo tratamento) usando modelo linear generalizado univariado. Usamos a intenção de tratamento e a estratégia da última observação com endpoint (Last Observation Carried Forward). RESULTADOS: Nove pacientes descontinuaram antes da segunda avaliação. A dose média foi 9,6 (± 4,3) mg/dia. As medidas na entrada e no final do tratamento foram: Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale - 82,7 (± 23,1) e 51,4 (± 31,4) (F = 11,247, p = 0,001); Beck Anxiety Inventory - 31,7 (± 13,4) e 25,4 (± 18,2) (F = 8,931, p = 0,011); Social Adjustment Scale - 2,4 (± 0,45) e 2,27 (± 0,57) (F = 8,633, p = 0,012); Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 - 76,6 (± 14,11) e 94,01 (± 25,06) (F = 10,127 p = 0,007); e Beck Depression Inventory - 26,06 (± 11,6) e 21,35 (± 12,6) (F = 1,580, p = 0,042). Em todas as medidas, as diferenças foram estatisticamente significativas. CONCLUSÕES: O aripiprazol alcançou uma boa resposta em pacientes com transtorno de estresse pós-traumático, mas para resultados mais acurados ainda são necessários estudos controlados com placebo.

OBJECTIVE: Post traumatic stress disorder is frequent in the general population (7.8%-lifetime-USA). The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the first choice of treatment but result in low remission rates. This study aims to evaluate the effect of aripiprazole monotherapy for the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder. METHOD: Thirty-two patients diagnosed with post traumatic stress disorder were included in a 16-week open label trial of aripiprazole. They were evaluated at baseline, week 8, and 16 with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36, and Social Adjustment Scale. Statistical analysis were performed with an intention-to-treat approach and last observation carried forward. A general linear model for repeated measures comparing the factor with 3 continuous measures from baseline, 8 and 16 weeks was used. A between-subject factor was included RESULTS: Nine patients discontinued the treatment. The mean aripiprazole dose was 9.6 (± 4.3) mg/day. The mean scores at baseline and endpoint for all measures were: Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale - 82.7 (± 23.1) and 51.4 (± 31.4) (F = 11.247, p = 0.001); Beck Anxiety Inventory - 31.7 (± 13.4) and 25.4 (± 18.2) (F = 8.931, p = 0.011); Social Adjustment Scale - 2.4 (± 0.45) and 2.27 (± 0.57) (F = 8.633, p = 0.012); Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 - 76.6 (± 14.11) and 94.01 (± 25.06) (F = 10.127 p = 0.007); and Beck Depression Inventory - 26.06 (± 11.6) and 21.35 (± 12.6) (F = 1.580, p = 0.042). In all measurements, the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Patients achieved a good response to treatment with aripiprazole, but placebo-controlled studies are needed for more accurate results.