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1.
IMPACTO-MR: um estudo brasileiro de plataforma nacional para avaliar infecções e multirresistência em unidades de terapia intensiva IMPACTOMR IMPACTO MR IMPACTO-MR
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Tomazini, Bruno M
; Nassar Jr, Antonio Paulo
; Lisboa, Thiago Costa
; Azevedo, Luciano César Pontes de
; Veiga, Viviane Cordeiro
; Catarino, Daniela Ghidetti Mangas
; Fogazzi, Debora Vacaro
; Arns, Beatriz
; Piastrelli, Filipe Teixeira
; Dietrich, Camila
; Negrelli, Karina Leal
; Jesuíno, Isabella de Andrade
; Reis, Luiz Fernando Lima
; Mattos, Renata Rodrigues de
; Pinheiro, Carla Cristina Gomes
; Luz, Mariane Nascimento
; Spadoni, Clayse Carla da Silva
; Moro, Elisângela Emilene
; Bueno, Flávia Regina
; Sampaio, Camila Santana Justo Cintra
; Silva, Débora Patrício
; Baldassare, Franca Pellison
; Silva, Ana Cecilia Alcantara
; Veiga, Thabata
; Barbante, Leticia
; Lambauer, Marianne
; Campos, Viviane Bezerra
; Santos, Elton
; Santos, Renato Hideo Nakawaga
; Laranjeiras, Ligia Nasi
; Valeis, Nanci
; Santucci, Eliana
; Miranda, Tamiris Abait
; Patrocínio, Ana Cristina Lagoeiro do
; Carvalho, Andréa de
; Sousa, Eduvirgens Maria Couto de
; Sousa, Ancelmo Honorato Ferraz de
; Malheiro, Daniel Tavares
; Bezerra, Isabella Lott
; Rodrigues, Mirian Batista
; Malicia, Julliana Chicuta
; Silva, Sabrina Souza da
; Gimenes, Bruna dos Passos
; Sesin, Guilhermo Prates
; Zavascki, Alexandre Prehn
; Sganzerla, Daniel
; Medeiros, Gregory Saraiva
; Santos, Rosa da Rosa Minho dos
; Silva, Fernanda Kelly Romeiro
; Cheno, Maysa Yukari
; Abrahão, Carolinne Ferreira
; Oliveira Junior, Haliton Alves de
; Rocha, Leonardo Lima
; Nunes Neto, Pedro Aniceto
; Pereira, Valéria Chagas
; Paciência, Luis Eduardo Miranda
; Bueno, Elaine Silva
; Caser, Eliana Bernadete
; Ribeiro, Larissa Zuqui
; Fernandes, Caio Cesar Ferreira
; Garcia, Juliana Mazzei
; Silva, Vanildes de Fátima Fernandes
; Santos, Alisson Junior dos
; Machado, Flávia Ribeiro
; Souza, Maria Aparecida de
; Ferronato, Bianca Ramos
; Urbano, Hugo Corrêa de Andrade
; Moreira, Danielle Conceição Aparecida
; Souza-Dantas, Vicente Cés de
; Duarte, Diego Meireles
; Coelho, Juliana
; Figueiredo, Rodrigo Cruvinel
; Foreque, Fernanda
; Romano, Thiago Gomes
; Cubos, Daniel
; Spirale, Vladimir Miguel
; Nogueira, Roberta Schiavon
; Maia, Israel Silva
; Zandonai, Cassio Luis
; Lovato, Wilson José
; Cerantola, Rodrigo Barbosa
; Toledo, Tatiana Gozzi Pancev
; Tomba, Pablo Oscar
; Almeida, Joyce Ramos de
; Sanches, Luciana Coelho
; Pierini, Leticia
; Cunha, Mariana
; Sousa, Michelle Tereza
; Azevedo, Bruna
; Dal-Pizzol, Felipe
; Damasio, Danusa de Castro
; Bainy, Marina Peres
; Beduhn, Dagoberta Alves Vieira
; Jatobá, Joana D’Arc Vila Nova
; Moura, Maria Tereza Farias de
; Rego, Leila Rezegue de Moraes
; Silva, Adria Vanessa da
; Oliveira, Luana Pontes
; Sodré Filho, Eliene Sá
; Santos, Silvana Soares dos
; Neves, Itallo de Lima
; Leão, Vanessa Cristina de Aquino
; Paes, João Lucidio Lobato
; Silva, Marielle Cristina Mendes
; Oliveira, Cláudio Dornas de
; Santiago, Raquel Caldeira Brant
; Paranhos, Jorge Luiz da Rocha
; Wiermann, Iany Grinezia da Silva
; Pedroso, Durval Ferreira Fonseca
; Sawada, Priscilla Yoshiko
; Prestes, Rejane Martins
; Nascimento, Glícia Cardoso
; Grion, Cintia Magalhães Carvalho
; Carrilho, Claudia Maria Dantas de Maio
; Dantas, Roberta Lacerda Almeida de Miranda
; Silva, Eliane Pereira
; Silva, Antônio Carlos da
; Oliveira, Sheila Mara Bezerra de
; Golin, Nicole Alberti
; Tregnago, Rogerio
; Lima, Valéria Paes
; Silva, Kamilla Grasielle Nunes da
; Boschi, Emerson
; Buffon, Viviane
; Machado, André Sant’Ana
; Capeletti, Leticia
; Foernges, Rafael Botelho
; Carvalho, Andréia Schubert de
; Oliveira Junior, Lúcio Couto de
; Oliveira, Daniela Cunha de
; Silva, Everton Macêdo
; Ribeiro, Julival
; Pereira, Francielle Constantino
; Salgado, Fernanda Borges
; Deutschendorf, Caroline
; Silva, Cristofer Farias da
; Gobatto, Andre Luiz Nunes
; Oliveira, Carolaine Bomfim de
; Dracoulakis, Marianna Deway Andrade
; Alvaia, Natália Oliveira Santos
; Souza, Roberta Machado de
; Araújo, Larissa Liz Cardoso de
; Melo, Rodrigo Morel Vieira de
; Passos, Luiz Carlos Santana
; Vidal, Claudia Fernanda de Lacerda
; Rodrigues, Fernanda Lopes de Albuquerque
; Kurtz, Pedro
; Shinotsuka, Cássia Righy
; Tavares, Maria Brandão
; Santana, Igor das Virgens
; Gavinho, Luciana Macedo da Silva
; Nascimento, Alaís Brito
; Pereira, Adriano J
; Cavalcanti, Alexandre Biasi
.
RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o IMPACTO-MR, um estudo brasileiro de plataforma nacional em unidades de terapia intensiva focado no impacto das infecções por bactérias multirresistentes relacionadas à assistência à saúde. Métodos: Descrevemos a plataforma IMPACTO-MR, seu desenvolvimento, critérios para seleção das unidades de terapia intensiva, caracterização da coleta de dados, objetivos e projetos de pesquisa futuros a serem realizados na plataforma. Resultados: Os dados principais foram coletados por meio do Epimed Monitor System® e consistiram em dados demográficos, dados de comorbidades, estado funcional, escores clínicos, diagnóstico de internação e diagnósticos secundários, dados laboratoriais, clínicos e microbiológicos e suporte de órgãos durante a internação na unidade de terapia intensiva, entre outros. De outubro de 2019 a dezembro de 2020, 33.983 pacientes de 51 unidades de terapia intensiva foram incluídos no banco de dados principal. Conclusão: A plataforma IMPACTO-MR é um banco de dados clínico brasileiro de unidades de terapia intensiva focado na pesquisa do impacto das infecções por bactérias multirresistentes relacionadas à assistência à saúde. Essa plataforma fornece dados para o desenvolvimento e pesquisa de unidades de terapia intensiva individuais e ensaios clínicos observacionais e prospectivos multicêntricos. Objetivo IMPACTOMR, IMPACTOMR IMPACTO MR, MR saúde Métodos Resultados System demográficos comorbidades funcional secundários laboratoriais outros 201 2020 33983 33 983 33.98 5 principal Conclusão multicêntricos 20 202 3398 3 98 33.9 2 339 9 33.
ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the IMPACTO-MR, a Brazilian nationwide intensive care unit platform study focused on the impact of health care-associated infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria. Methods: We described the IMPACTO-MR platform, its development, criteria for intensive care unit selection, characterization of core data collection, objectives, and future research projects to be held within the platform. Results: The core data were collected using the Epimed Monitor System® and consisted of demographic data, comorbidity data, functional status, clinical scores, admission diagnosis and secondary diagnoses, laboratory, clinical, and microbiological data, and organ support during intensive care unit stay, among others. From October 2019 to December 2020, 33,983 patients from 51 intensive care units were included in the core database. Conclusion: The IMPACTO-MR platform is a nationwide Brazilian intensive care unit clinical database focused on researching the impact of health care-associated infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria. This platform provides data for individual intensive care unit development and research and multicenter observational and prospective trials. Objective IMPACTOMR, IMPACTOMR IMPACTO MR, MR careassociated associated multidrugresistant multidrug resistant bacteria Methods selection collection objectives Results System status scores diagnoses laboratory stay others 201 2020 33983 33 983 33,98 5 Conclusion trials 20 202 3398 3 98 33,9 2 339 9 33,
2.
Evaluation of aversive behavior in Rattus norvegicus experimentally infected by two distinct strains of Toxoplasma gondii (ME49 and VEG): study of epigenetic markers
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Santos, Sergio Vieira dos
; Fortuna, Giulio de los Santos
; Barbosa, Lariane Monteiro
; Meireles, Luciana Regina
; Tiago, Érico Silva
; Chieffi, Pedro Paulo
.
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
- Journal Metrics
ABSTRACT Background: Behavioral changes in Rattus norvegicus infected with two strains of Toxoplasma gondii (ME49 and VEG) were investigated. Methods: Rats were evaluated for motor activity and aversion or attraction to cat urine 60 days after infection. After euthanasia, arginine-vasopressin gene methylation in the central nervous system was evaluated. Results: A significant difference was observed in the methylation of the arginine-vasopressin promoter gene between rats infected with the ME49 and VEG strains. Conclusions: Although differences were not observed in many parameters, significant differences were observed in the methylation of the arginine-vasopressin promoter gene in rats infected with the two studied strains.
3.
Measles, rubella, mumps and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in saliva of vaccinated students of schools and universities in São Paulo City, Brazil
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Sampaio, Barbara Carvalho Fialho
; Rodrigues, Jaqueline Polizeli
; Meireles, Luciana Regina
; Andrade Junior, Heitor Franco de
.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Vaccines are well-established public health interventions with major impacton the prevalence of infectious diseases, but outbreaks are occurring frequently due to pri-mary and secondary failures, despite high coverage. Surveillance of efficacy and duration ofinduced immunity is a difficult task as it requires invasive blood sampling in children andteenagers. Saliva can be an acceptable alternative source of IgG to assess vaccine efficacyand toxoplasmosis incidence. We investigated IgG response for measles, mumps, rubella,and T. gondii in saliva samples of vaccinated young people. Methods: Saliva was collected from 249 public schools students from São Paulo, Brazil, aged7 to 13 years old, during an interactive exhibition on hygiene. We used S. aureus proteinA solid phase capture assay for IgG reactive to biotinylated purified proteins. Paired salivaand serum (47) were tested from young adults with serum evidence of T. gondii infectionand from negative children less than 12 month old for standardization. Reproducibility wasgreater than 98% and sensitivity and specificity of the saliva assays were greater than 95%,as well as the concordance of paired saliva and serum samples. Results: Saliva from high school students showed a prevalence of 8.5% (95% CI: 5.0–11.9%)for anti T. gondii IgG; 96.8% (94.6–99%) of anti-measles IgG; 59.1% (53–65%) of anti-rubella IgG,and 57.5% (51.3–63.6%) of anti-mumps IgG. Discussion: The prevalence of antibodies against mumps and rubella after 6–8 years of vaccination was lower than against measles among students. The findings of this study demonstrate the feasibility of saliva sampling for follow-up of vaccine immune status in teenagers. This useful approach allows for IgG detection for vaccine control or epidemio- logical studies.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2019.11.005
346 downloads
4.
Natural versus Recombinant Viral Antigens in SARS-CoV-2 Serology: Challenges in Optimizing Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19
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Meireles, Luciana Regina
; da Silva, Angélica Moura Freixeira
; Carvalho, Camila Aparecida
; Kesper, Norival
; Galisteo Jr, Andrés Jimenez
; Soares, Camila Pereira
; Araujo, Danielle Bastos
; Durigon, Edison Luiz
; Oliveira, Danielle Bruna Leal
; Morganti, Lígia
; Chura-Chambi, Rosa Maria
; de Andrade Jr, Heitor Franco
.
OBJECTIVES: COVID-19 is a public health emergency of international concern whose detection in recovered asymptomatic patients is dependent on accurate diagnosis as it enables the estimation of the susceptibility of the population to the infection. This demand has resulted in the development of several commercial assays employing recombinant proteins, but the results of these assays are not reliable as they do not involve comparison with natural viral antigens. We independently used the SARS-CoV-2 whole viral antigen (WVA) and recombinant nucleocapsid protein (rNP) to develop in-house ELISAs for IgG detection; the results of these ELISAs were then compared to obtain reliable results. METHODS: WVA and rNP ELISAs were performed on COVID-19 negative sera from patients before the pandemic in Brazil, and on RT-qPCR-positive or SARS-CoV-2-IgG against rNP and IgG against WVA-positive samples from recently infected patients in Sao Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: Both ELISAs detected a large fraction of infected patients but exhibited certain drawbacks. Higher signals and lower numbers of false-negatives were observed in rNP ELISA; however, a higher fraction of false-positives was observed in control groups. A high number of false-negatives was observed with WVA ELISA. Correlating the results of rNP and WVA ELISAs resulted in improved performance for COVID-19 diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The choice of antigen is an important aspect in optimizing the laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19. The use of rNP ELISA for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies seems promising, but comparison of the results with those of WVA ELISA is crucial for accurate test development prior to commercialization. IgG serology using several assays, and with the spectral patterns of SARS-CoV-2, resulted in confusing information that must be clarified before the establishment of diagnostic serology criteria.
https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2020/e2290
370 downloads
5.
Saliva collection and detection of anti- T. gondii antibodies of low-income school-age children as a learning strategy on hygiene, prevention and transmission of toxoplasmosis
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Macre, Miriam de Souza
; Meireles, Luciana Regina
; Sampaio, Barbara Fialho Carvalho
; Andrade Júnior, Heitor Franco de
.
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
- Journal Metrics
ABSTRACT School-age children are a social group in which blood collection for laboratory testing can be perceived as an invasive procedure, with low acceptance and tolerance of stakeholders. This problem could be circumvented by replacing serum samples with saliva. For this purpose, and to make the collection of saliva samples playful and instructive for children, educational activities on hygiene and toxoplasmosis transmission and prevention were performed using toys and audiovisual tools. The target audience consisted of 7-10 year-old children from low-income families who attended public schools in the city of São Paulo. Saliva samples were used in a previously described in-house Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) to detect anti- Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies and establish the immunological status of each of the participants. One year later, children’s memory and fixation of concepts regarding hygiene habits, as well as transmission and prevention of toxoplasmosis were tested in the same schools, by means of a questionnaire application, using students who did not participate in the first intervention as controls. The prevalence of positive anti- T. gondii IgG among students was 50% (82/164). One year later, 45 children had more knowledge on toxoplasmosis (28/45 vs 29/147) and they drew the cat’s involvement in the transmission of toxoplasmosis more often than controls (28/45 vs 29/147). Sorted according to the presence of specific IgG in saliva, recovered positive students presented worse memory of the above cited knowledge as did saliva-negative IgG students, but both groups had isolated higher frequency of fixed knowledge than non-intervened students. Our data show that there is a high prevalence of T. gondii infection in school-children from low-income areas; saliva is an alternative to blood for anti- T. gondii IgG detection; and a one-day educational intervention in school-children was effective in promoting knowledge fixation on hygiene and toxoplasmosis transmission and prevention after one year.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201961048
825 downloads
6.
Avaliação da técnica de ELISA para pesquisa de IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii em exsudatos de carnes de sol
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Resumo Toxoplasmose é uma importante zoonose de veiculação hídrica e alimentar, cujo agente é o Toxoplasma gondii. A toxoplasmose acomete seres humanos e animais de produção. É uma zoonose cosmopolita e sua prevalência está relacionada ao consumo de carne crua ou mal cozida, sendo este hábito considerado um dos principais fatores de risco. O controle do potencial de transmissão da toxoplasmose pela carne é relevante, principalmente em produtos artesanais, como as carnes de sol, que são processadas artesanalmente e podem ser consumidas cruas ou mal passadas. Neste estudo, propomos a avaliação da presença de imunoglobulinas da classe IgG anti-T. gondii pela técnica de imunoensaio ELISA, padronizando uma diluição do exsudato cárneo obtido pelo descongelamento das carnes de sol produzidas a partir de músculos de animais experimentais e também de carnes de sol comercializadas em “Casas do Norte”. Nossos resultados demonstram que o potencial do exsudato cárneo como um material biológico é limitado em carnes processadas, possibilitando o ensaio somente das amostras que obtiveram uma absorbância em densidade óptica (DO) igual ou superior a 0,116, faixa que garante a presença de sangue suficiente para o ensaio da ELISA, permitindo aferir imunoglobulinas específicas anti-T. gondii. Dentre as 32 amostras de carne de sol obtidas de cortes de bovinos experimentais, somente nove (28%) apresentaram sangue suficiente para ser ensaiadas, mensuradas pela DO igual ou superior a 0,116, sendo sete positivas, obtidas de cortes de animais infectados, e duas negativas, confeccionadas com cortes de animais controle. Dentre as 42 amostras de exsudatos de carne de sol obtidas no varejo, somente seis (14,28%) apresentaram sangue suficiente para serem ensaiadas e somente uma apresentou imunoglobulinas anti-T. gondii, concordante com dados da literatura. Nossos resultados são promissores e demonstram a importância do desenvolvimento de pesquisa e novas abordagens no controle sanitário dos alimentos ofertados à população.
Abstract Toxoplasmosis is an important waterborne and foodborne zoonosis, whose agent is Toxoplasma gondii, and it affects both humans and production animals. This zoonosis is cosmopolitan and its prevalence is related to the consumption of raw or undercooked meat, this habit being considered one of the main risk factors. The control of the potential transmission of toxoplasmosis by meat is relevant, especially in artisanal products such as sun dried meats, which are handcrafted and may be consumed raw or undercooked. In this study, we proposed to evaluate the presence of immunoglobulins of the IgG anti T. gondii class by an ELISA immunoassay technique, standardizing a dilution of the meat juice obtained by defrosting sun dried meat produced from the muscles of experimentally infected animals and also from sun dried meats commercialized in shops in the north of Brazil. The results showed that the potential of the meat juice as a biological material was limited in processed meats, and the test was only possible in samples that showed an optical density (OD) equal to or greater than 0.116, a range that guaranteed the presence of sufficient blood for the ELISA assay, allowing for the measurement of specific anti-T. gondii immunoglobulins. Of the 32 samples of beef obtained from cuts from experimental cattle, only 9 (28%) presented sufficient blood to be tested, as measured by an OD equal to or greater than 0.116, 7 being positive, obtained from cuts from infected experimental animals, and 2 negative, obtained from cuts from control animals. Of the 42 samples of juice from retail sun dried meat, only 6 (14.28%) presented enough blood for the tests and only one presented anti T. gondii immunoglobulins, in agreement with data from the literature. The results were promising and demonstrated the importance of developing research and new approaches in the sanitary control of food offered to the population.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.00917
3232 downloads
7.
CD19 LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION INDUCED BY Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis IN C57BL/6 MICE EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED WITH Toxoplasma gondii
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RIBEIRO, Claudia de Mello
; ZORGI, Nahiara Esteves
; MEIRELES, Luciana Regina
; GARCIA, João Luis
; ANDRADE JUNIOR, Heitor Franco de
.
Toxoplasmosis is frequently acquired through the oral route by the ingestion of cysts or oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii. Once ingested, the parasites penetrate the intestinal epithelial cells and rapidly disseminate to all organs in the host. During T. gondii infection, the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in stimulating a protective immune response against the parasite. In this sense the use of probiotics is worthy of note since they are live microorganisms that have beneficial effects on the host through stimulation of the immune response that can be important in the control of T. gondii proliferation and dissemination in the host. In the present study, the action of the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis was investigated in C57BL/6 mice infected with oocysts of ME49 strain of T. gondii. The probiotic had an immunomodulatory action, inducing CD19 lymphocyte proliferation and consequently increasing anti-T. gondii antibody level. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis provided protection in supplemented mice, compared to the control group. In addition, supplemented animals had milder inflammatory process in the small intestine, indicating that the probiotic protects the intestinal mucosa during infection with T. gondii. It was concluded that the probiotic B. animalis subsp. lactis induces humoral immune response capable of providing protection against T. gondii infection.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201658026
2155 downloads
8.
HUMAN TOXOPLASMOSIS OUTBREAKS AND THE AGENT INFECTING FORM. FINDINGS FROM A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
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MEIRELES, Luciana Regina
; EKMAN, Claudio Cesar Jaguaribe
; ANDRADE JR, Heitor Franco de
; LUNA, Expedito José de Albuquerque
.
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
- Journal Metrics
RESUMO Toxoplasmose, infecção zoonótica altamente prevalente no mundo, é transmitida pela ingestão de oocistos em água e solo ou cistos teciduais em carne crua ou mal cozida. Um debate em andamento é se há diferenças nas características clínicas e epidemiológicas de surtos devido a uma ou outra forma infectante do agente. Realizamos revisão sistemática a partir de 437 relatos de surtos da doença, selecionando 38 artigos completos que descreveram a forma infectante do Toxoplasmacom dados clínicos e epidemiológicos. Não houve seleção por gênero ou faixa etária nos surtos, descritos mais frequentemente nas Américas. Quantidade maior de indivíduos foi afetada quando oocistos, associados com solo ou água contaminados com fezes de gato, foram considerados a fonte de transmissão. O início dos sintomas ocorreu mais precocemente quando a infecção foi atribuída a cistos na carne (11,4 ± 6,7 dias) com distribuição temporal nítida de casos, embora um aspecto mais amplo e prolongado de novos casos foi observado quando oocistos na água foram a fonte de infecção (20 ± 7 dias, p< 0.001). Essas informações podem ser úteis no desenvolvimento e implantação de estratégias de controle.
SUMMARY Toxoplasmosis, a worldwide highly prevalent zoonotic infection, is transmitted either by the oocysts, from water and soil, or the tissue cysts, in raw or undercooked infected meat, of Toxoplasma gondii. An ongoing debate is whether there are differences between the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the outbreaks due to one or the other infective form of the agent. We performed a systematic review, recovering 437 reported outbreaks of which 38 were selected. They were complete reports containing ascribed Toxoplasma infecting form, and clinical and demographic data. There was no gender or age group selection in the outbreaks, which were described more often in the Americas. A large number of individuals were affected when oocysts, associated with soil and water contaminated with cat feces, were considered the transmission source. Onset of symptoms occurred early when the infection was ascribed to meat tissue cysts (11.4 ± 6.7 days) with sharpened temporal distribution of cases, while a broader and prolonged appearance of new cases was observed when oocysts in water were the source of the infection (20 ± 7 days, p < 0.001). Such information may be useful in the design and implementation of control strategies.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652015000500001
3073 downloads
9.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
33340 downloads
10.
Canine visceral leishmaniasis and Chagas disease among dogs in Araguaína, Tocantins
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Morais, Arielle Nunes
; Sousa, Marlos Gonçalves
; Meireles, Luciana Regina
; Kesper Jr., Norival
; Umezawa, Eufrosina Setsu
.
Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária
- Journal Metrics
Neste estudo foram analisadas amostras de soros de 111 cães machos e fêmeas, de idades variadas, provenientes do município de Araguaína, estado do Tocantins, Brasil. O diagnóstico sorológico para leishmaniose visceral canina foi realizado, inicialmente, no Laboratório Central (LACEN) de Araguaína, resultando em 61 amostras positivas na Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta - RIFI (≥1:40) e 50 amostras não reativas. As mesmas amostras foram analisadas no Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo (IMTSP) peloEnzyme-Linked-Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), sendo 57 amostras positivas (51,35%) e 54 amostras negativas (48,64%), com coeficiente de concordância entre os testes (Kappa = 0,74). Os soros foram submetidos também a um teste de diagnóstico para Trypanosoma cruzi(Trypomastigote Excreted/Secreted Antigens-TESA-blot), o qual detectou cinco animais suspeitos, dos quais três foram positivos para leishmaniose no ELISA, mas negativos na RIFI. Estas observações mostram que a população canina de Araguaína pode também estar infectada simultaneamente com Leishmania chagasi e T. cruzi. Estes resultados mostram a dificuldade da sorologia na detecção da Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC), reforçando a necessidade de um teste de referência para o diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina, principalmente em regiões endêmicas para tais infecções.
The present study analyzed serum samples from 111 male and female dogs of various ages from the municipality of Araguaína in the State of Tocantins, Brazil. Serological diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) was initially performed at the Central Laboratory (Laboratório Central – LACEN) of Araguaína, resulting in 61 positive samples by an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIFA) (≥1:40) and 50 non-reactive samples. The same samples were analyzed at the São Paulo Institute of Tropical Medicine (Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo – IMTSP) by an enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA), resulting in 57 positive samples (51.35%) and 54 negative samples (48.64%). The Kappa coefficient of agreement between the tests was 0.74. The serum samples were also subjected to a diagnostic assay for Trypanosoma cruzi(Trypomastigote Excreted/Secreted Antigens -TESA-blot) that detected five suspect animals; three of those animals were positive for leishmaniasis by ELISA but negative by IIFA. These findings suggest that the canine population of Araguaína may be simultaneously infected withLeishmania chagasi and T. cruzi. The results obtained demonstrate the difficulty of using serology to detect CVL, thus emphasizing the necessity for a reference test to diagnose CVL, particularly in regions where the infection is endemic.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612013005000024
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11.
Case-control study of an outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis in an industrial plant in the state of São Paulo, Brazil
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Ekman, Claudio Cesar Jaguaribe
; Chiossi, Maria Fernanda do Valle
; Meireles, Luciana Regina
; Andrade Júnior, Heitor Franco de
; Figueiredo, Walter Manso
; Marciano, Maria Aparecida Moraes
; Luna, Expedito José de Albuquerque
.
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
- Journal Metrics
Doenças transmitidas por alimentos representam riscos operacionais em restaurantes industriais. Descrevemos surto de nove casos agrupados de doença aguda semelhante à toxoplasmose em indústria de 2300 funcionários. Estes pacientes e outros 36 funcionários assintomáticos foram diagnosticados por ELISA para o título e avidez de IgG anti-T. gondii. Foram excluídos 14 pacientes com toxoplasmose crônica e alta avidez: 13 de controles e um de doença aguda não relacionada à infecção por T. gondii. Também identificamos três empregados assintomáticos com infecção aguda por T.gondii, que como os restantes agudos apresentavam anti-T.gondii IgM ELISA positivo. Conduzimos estudo caso controle por entrevista em 11 infecções agudas e 20 controles negativos. A ingestão de vegetais, mas não de carne ou água, foi associada com a incidência da doença aguda. Esses dados reforçam a importância do controle sanitário em restaurantes industriais e também demonstram a necessidade de melhoria no controle de qualidade sobre vegetais em risco de contaminação por oocistos de T. gondii. Enfatizamos o diagnóstico preciso de casos e a detecção de infecções assintomáticas para determinar a extensão do surto de toxoplasmose.
Foodborne diseases represent operational risks in industrial restaurants. We described an outbreak of nine clustered cases of acute illness resembling acute toxoplasmosis in an industrial plant with 2300 employees. These patients and another 36 similar asymptomatic employees were diagnosed with anti-T. gondii IgG titer and avidity by ELISA. We excluded 14 patients based on high IgG avidity and chronic toxoplasmosis: 13 from controls and one from acute disease other than T. gondii infection. We also identified another three asymptomatic employees with T.gondii acute infection and also anti-T. gondii IgM positive as remaining acute cases. Case control study was conducted by interview in 11 acute infections and 20 negative controls. The ingestion of green vegetables, but not meat or water, was observed to be associated with the incidence of acute disease. These data reinforce the importance of sanitation control in industrial restaurants and also demonstrate the need for improvement in quality control regarding vegetables at risk for T. gondii oocyst contamination. We emphasized the accurate diagnosis of indexed cases and the detection of asymptomatic infections to determine the extent of the toxoplasmosis outbreak.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652012000500001
5310 downloads
12.
Evaluación de la actividad bactericida de aceites esenciales de hojas de guayabo, pitango y arazá
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de Souza Prestes, Luciana
; Damé Schuch, Luiz Filipe
; Hörnke Alves, Gabriela
; Ziemann dos Santos, Marco Aurélio
; Alves Rodrigues, Maria Regina
; Araújo Meireles, Mario Carlos
.
Introduction: Guava, Surinam cherry and strawberry guava are native South American fruit trees and the tea from their leaves is traditionally used to treat diarrhea. Objective: to evaluate the antimicrobial action of Psidium guajava L., Eugenia uniflora L. and Psidium cattleyanum Sabine and their constituents. Methods: the essential oils were extracted by a modified Clevenger. The analysis of essential oils was performed on chromatograph (GC/MS). The antimicrobial activity of obtained oils against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated by broth microdilution assay to determine their minimum bactericidal concentration. Results: the guava oil showed bactericidal activity against E. coli at 2 % and 8 % concentration rates against S. aureus and S. typhimurium. The strawberry guava oil showed no bactericidal activity against tested microorganisms whereas Surinam cherry had bactericidal activity at 8 % concentration against S. aureus and S. typhimurium. The main constituents commonly found in the three plant oils were a-copaene and a-humulene. Conclusions: the oils showed bactericidal activity against tested microorganisms and the constituents are comparable to those found in other studies.
Introducción: guayabo, pitango y arazá son árboles fructíferos, nativos de América del Sur. El té de sus hojas es utilizado popularmente en el tratamiento de la diarrea. Objetivo: evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de los aceites de las hojas Psidium guajava L., Eugenia uniflora L. y Psidium cattleyanum Sabine y sus constituyentes. Métodos: los aceites esenciales fueron extraídos con un aparato tipo Clevenger modificado. Su análisis se realizó en cromatógrafo (GC/MS). Se evaluó la actividad antimicrobiana de los aceites obtenidos frente a Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium y Staphylococcus aureus, mediante la técnica de microdilución en caldo con determinación de la concentración bactericida mínima del aceite. Resultados: el aceite del guayabo presentó actividad bactericida frente a E. coli en la concentración de 2 y 8 % frente al Staphylococcus aureus y Salmonella typhimurium. El aceite de arazá no presentó actividad bactericida frente a los microorganismos testados y el aceite de pitango presentó actividad bactericida en la concentración de 8 % frente al Staphylococcus aureus y Salmonella typhimurium. Los constituyentes principales encontrados en común en los aceites de las 3 plantas fueron el a-copaeno y a-humuleno. Conclusiones: los aceites presentaron actividad bactericida frente a los microorganismos testados y los constituyentes en ellos encontrados son compatibles con los encontrados en otros trabajos.
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13.
Preliminary report of HIV and Toxoplasma gondii occurrence in pregnant women from Mozambique
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Sitoe, Sonia Paula Benedito Luis
; Rafael, Bernardete
; Meireles, Luciana Regina
; Andrade Jr., Heitor Franco de
; Thompson, Ricardo
.
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
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Toxoplasmose, uma protozoonose, causa doença grave em fetos de mulheres grávidas com infecção aguda e encefalite letal em portadores de HIV. Apesar de muitos estudos sobre sua prevalência no Mundo, existem apenas alguns relatos da toxoplasmose na África Austral, geralmente anedóticos. Estudamos por ELISA dois grupos de amostras de Moçambique, usando 150 amostras de soros de mulheres grávidas e seis amostras de Liquido Cefalorraquidiano (LCR) de pacientes com AIDS e encefalite. O estado da infecção pelo HIV foi confirmado e a contagem de células CD4+ no sangue foi obtida das pacientes grávidas infectadas pelo HIV. No grupo das gestantes, IgG anti T.gondii foi encontrada em 18.7% (28/150), mais freqüente em pacientes HIV positivas (31.3%, 18/58) do que em HIV negativas (10.9%, 10/92). A ocorrência de ambas as doenças aumenta com a idade, mais claramente vista na toxoplasmose (p < 0.005) do que na infecção pelo HIV, devido maior transmissão do HIV após a infância. Na encefalite em pacientes HIV+, a sorologia do LCR mostrou uma ocorrência de 33% de IgG especifica de alta avidez, que está de acordo com a ocorrência neste grupo etário, baseado nos dados de nossas gestantes. A menor ocorrência de ambas as infecções em grupos etários mais idosos pode ser explicada pela mortalidade cumulativa por qualquer causa nos grupos mais idosos, resultando em menor ocorrência relativa. Usando as contagens de células CD4+ como marcadores da progressão da infecção pelo HIV e corrigindo para grupos etários, as gestantes HIV+ com contato com T. gondii tem menores níveis de células CD4+ do que as gestantes HIV+ sem contato com T.gondii. A ocorrência maior da toxoplasmose em gestantes HIV+ pode ser atribuída a fatores de risco semelhantes, como exposição a maior contato social. A baixa ocorrência da toxoplasmose em grupos mais jovens pode se relacionar com menor acesso a carne contendo cistos, já que a transmissão ambiental por oocistos está associada à maior incidência em crianças. Todos estes dados reforçam a necessidade de pesquisa da toxoplasmose na África Austral, especialmente na presença da epidemia pelo HIV.
Toxoplasmosis, a protozoan disease, causes severe disease in fetuses during pregnancy and deadly encephalitis in HIV patients. There are several studies on its seroprevalence around the world, but studies focusing on African countries are limited in number and mostly anecdotal. We studied two groups of samples from Mozambique by ELISA, using serum samples from 150 pregnant women and six Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from AIDS patients with encephalitis. HIV status was confirmed, and CD4 blood counts were obtained from HIV-positive pregnant women. IgG seroprevalence of the group as a whole was 18.7% (28/150), with a higher prevalence in HIV-positive individuals compared to those who were HIV-negative (31.3%, [18/58] vs. 10.9%, [10/92]) patients. These data may be biased due to cumulative effects of exposition affecting disease prevalence. If corrected, this data may indicate an interaction of HIV and T. gondii. Prevalence of both diseases increases with age, but this is more clearly seen for toxoplasmosis (p < 0.005) than HIV infection, possibly explained by higher transmission of HIV after childhood. In HIV patients suffering from encephalitis, CSF serology showed that 33% of specific IgG CSF had a high avidity, which was in accordance with the data from the group of pregnant women. Lower prevalence rates of both infections in older groups could be explained by more deaths in the infected groups, resulting in an artificially lower prevalence. Using CD4 counts as a marker of time of HIV infection, and correcting for age, patients with contact with T. gondii had fewer CD4 cells, suggesting prolonged HIV disease or other causes. Toxoplasma IgG prevalence is higher in HIV+ groups, which could be ascribed to HIV- and T. gondii-associated risk factors, such as exposure to higher and more diverse social contacts. The low incidence of Toxoplasma IgG in younger age groups shows that transmission could be related to better access to cyst-containing meat in adulthood, as environmental transmission due to oocysts is usually blamed for higher incidence in children. Taken together, these data support the urgent need of research in toxoplasmosis in Africa, especially in the presence of HIV epidemics.
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14.
Avaliação no Ensino Médico: o papel do portfólio nos currículos baseados em metodologias ativas
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Gomes, Andréia Patrícia
; Arcuri, Mariana Beatriz
; Cristel, Etelka Czako
; Ribeiro, Regina Meireles
; Souza, Luciana M. Borges da Matta
; Siqueira-Batista, Rodrigo
.
As atuais mudanças na educação médica - relacionadas às transformações em curso nas sociedades democráticas contemporâneas - têm colocado em questão, de modo cada vez mais incisivo, os aspectos relativos à avaliação dos processos de ensino-aprendizagem, cabendo a formulação de novos métodos/estratégias, capazes de ultrapassar a orientação somativa prevalecente na avaliação. Neste contexto, discutem-se, no presente artigo, elementos para a construção desta nova avaliação, destacando-se o uso do portfólio.
Current changes in medical education related to transformations in contemporary democratic societies have increasingly posed issues pertaining to the evaluation of teaching-learning processes. New methods and strategies are thus needed to supplant the prevailing summative grading approach. The current article thus discusses elements to construct such a new approach to evaluation, highlighting the portfolio as an evaluation tool.
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Cited 7 times in SciELO
15.
Increased frequency of anti-retina antibodies in asymptomatic patients with chronic t. gondii infection
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Cursino, Sylvia Regina Temer
; Costa, Thaís Boccia da
; Yamamoto, Joyce Hisae
; Meireles, Luciana Regina
; Silva, Maria Antonieta Longo Galvão
; Andrade Junior, Heitor Franco de
.
PURPOSE: To search for anti-retina antibodies that serve as markers for eye disease in uveitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Stored sera from patients with uveitis, ocular toxoplasmosis (n = 30) and non-infectious, immune-mediated uveitis (n = 50) and from asymptomatic individuals who were positive (n = 250) and negative (n = 250) for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies were tested. Serum anti-retina IgG was detected by an optimized ELISA using a solid-phase whole human retina extract, bovine S-antigen or interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein. RESULTS: Uveitis patients showed a higher mean reactivity to whole human retina extract, interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein and S-antigen in comparison to the asymptomatic population. These findings were independent of the uveitis origin and allowed the determination of the lower anti-retina antibody cut-off for the three antigens. Asymptomatic anti-Toxoplasma serum-positive individuals showed a higher frequency of antihuman whole retina extract antibodies in comparison to asymptomatic anti-Toxoplasma serum-negative patients. The bovine S-antigen and interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein ELISAs also showed a higher mean reactivity in the uveitis groups compared to the asymptomatic group, but the observed reactivities were lower and overlapped without discrimination. CONCLUSION: We detected higher levels of anti-retina antibodies in uveitis patients and in a small fraction of asymptomatic patients with chronic toxoplasmosis. The presence of anti-retina antibodies in sera might be a marker of eye disease in asymptomatic patients, especially when whole human retina extract is used in a solid-phase ELISA.
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