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1.
Impact of diets containing spineless cactus associated with lipid sources or levels of urea on physiological parameters of lambs: preliminary studies lambs
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Silva, T.G.P.
; Medeiros, R.B.
; Silva, B.B.
; Nascimento, F.S.
; Silva Neto, J.F.
; Silva, L.W.L.
; Guim, A.
; Carvalho, F.F.R. de
.








Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
- Journal Metrics
RESUMO Dois experimentos foram realizados para avaliar as respostas fisiológicas de cordeiros confinados, alimentados com palma forrageira (PF) e feno de Tifton-85 (FT) associados a fontes lipídicas ou a níveis crescentes de ureia. No primeiro, 24 cordeiros machos, sem raça definida, foram alimentados com três dietas contendo diferentes fontes lipídicas (caroço de algodão, gérmen de milho integral extragordo ou película de coco seco). No segundo, 40 cordeiros machos da raça Santa Inês foram distribuídos em quatro tratamentos: dietas com substituição do farelo de soja por níveis crescentes de ureia (0; 7,3; 14,6 e 21,9g/kg na matéria seca). No experimento 1, a frequência cardíaca (FC) e a respiratória (FR), a temperatura retal (TR) e a superficial (ºC), em diferentes regiões corporais dos cordeiros, não foram afetadas pelas dietas (P>0,05). Porém, FC, TR e temperatura da canela, no turno da tarde, apresentaram aumento (+10,5 batimentos/minuto; +0,2ºC; e +1,05ºC, respectivamente) em relação ao turno da manhã (P<0,05). Para o experimento 2, não houve efeito dos níveis de ureia (P>0,05) sobre o consumo de matéria seca e de fibra, a FC, a FR e a TR dos cordeiros. Portanto, dietas contendo fontes lipídicas ou níveis de ureia associados à PF e à FT não prejudicam importantes parâmetros fisiológicos de cordeiros. confinados (PF Tifton85 Tifton 85 Tifton-8 (FT primeiro 2 definida caroço algodão seco. seco . seco) segundo 4 tratamentos 0 (0 7,3 73 7 3 146 14 6 14, 219gkg gkg 21 9g kg g seca. seca) 1 FC (FC FR, , (FR) (TR ºC, ºC (ºC) P>0,05. P005 P P>0,05 05 Porém canela tarde +10,5 105 10 5 (+10, batimentos/minuto batimentosminuto batimentos minuto +0,2ºC 02ºC 2ºC 105ºC 05ºC +1,05ºC respectivamente P<0,05. P<0,05 (P<0,05) (P>0,05 fibra Portanto Tifton8 8 Tifton- ( 7, (FR (ºC P00 P>0,0 +10, (+10 P<0,0 (P<0,05 (P>0,0 P0 P>0, +10 (+1 P<0, (P<0,0 (P>0, P>0 +1 (+ P<0 (P<0, (P>0 P> + P< (P<0 (P> (P< (P
2.
Aerobic exercise prevents cardiomyocyte damage caused by oxidative stress in early cardiovascular disease by increasing vascularity while L-arginine supplementation prevents it by increasing activation of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase
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Bertoldi, J.M.C.R.J.
; Kindlovits, R.
; Rocha, H.N.M.
; Fernandes-Santos, C.
; Gomes, J.L.P.
; Oliveira, E.M.
; Muniz, I.C.
; Santos, M.M.
; Pereira, J.F.
; Rocha, N.G.
; Nóbrega, A.C.L. da
; Medeiros, R.F.
.












Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
- Journal Metrics
L-Arginine and chronic exercise reduce oxidative stress. However, it is unclear how they affect cardiomyocytes during cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. The aim of this research was to investigate the possible effects of L-arginine supplementation and aerobic training on systemic oxidative stress and their consequences on cardiomyocytes during cardiometabolic disease onset caused by excess fructose. Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: control (C), fructose (F, 10% fructose in water), fructose training (FT; moderate running, 50-70% of the maximal velocity), and fructose arginine (FA; 880 mg/kg/day). Fructose was given for two weeks and fructose plus treatments for the subsequent eight weeks. Body composition, blood glucose, insulin, lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, nitrite, metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity, left ventricle histological changes, microRNA-126, -195, and -146, eNOS, p-eNOS, and TNF-α expressions were analyzed. Higher abdominal fat mass, triacylglycerol level, and insulin level were observed in the F group, and both treatments reversed these alterations. Myocardial vascularization was impaired in fructose-fed groups, except in FT. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was observed in all fructose-fed groups. TNF-α levels were higher in fructose-fed groups than in the C group, and p-eNOS levels were higher in the FA than in the C and F groups. Lipid peroxidation was higher in the F group than in the FT and C groups. During CVD onset, moderate aerobic exercise reduced lipid peroxidation, and both training and L-arginine prevented metabolic changes caused by excessive fructose. Myocardial vascularization was impaired by fructose, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy appeared to be influenced by pro-inflammatory and oxidative environments.
3.
Neurological diseases of cattle in the state of Goiás, Brazil (2010-2017)
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Terra, Juliano P.
Blume, Guilherme R.
Rabelo, Rogério E.
Medeiros, Jussara T.
Rocha, Caio G.N.
Chagas, Imara N.
Aguiar, Marília da S.
Sant’Ana, Fabiano J.F. de
RESUMO: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo de doenças neurológicas de bovinos no estado de Goiás durante o período de março de 2010 a agosto de 2017, analisando amostras de três laboratórios de diagnóstico veterinário. De 407 bovinos que apresentaram sinais clínicos neurológicos, o diagnóstico foi estabelecido em 170 casos. Desses casos, foram pesquisadas nas fichas as características epidemiológicas, clínicas e anatomopatológicas. As principais doenças diagnosticadas foram causadas por vírus (raiva 29,41%, meningoencefalite por herpesvírus bovino 15,88% e febre catarral maligna 1,76%), de origem metabólica (polioencefalomalacia 17,06%), por bactérias (botulismo 5,88%, meningite supurativa 3,53%, abscessos encefálicos 2,94%, listeriose 1,76% e meningoencefalite trombótica 1,76%), sem causa definida (meningoencefalite linfoplasmocítica 11,18%, hemorragias traumáticas 3,53% e malacia multifocal com gliose 1,18%), congênitas (hidrocefalia 1,18% e malformações múltiplas 0,59%), tóxicas (intoxicação por ureia 1,18% e intoxicação por inseticida 0,59%), e parasitária (meningoencefalite associada à infecção por Trypanosoma sp. 0,59%).
ABSTRACT: A retrospective study was conducted on neurological diseases of cattle in the state of Goiás, Brazil, from March 2010 to August 2017. Samples of three veterinary diagnostic laboratories were analyzed. Diagnosis was established in 170 out of 407 cattle with neurological signs. Epidemiological, clinical, and anatomic pathology features of each case were researched in the files. Main disorders included diseases caused by viruses (rabies 29.41%, meningoencephalitis by bovine herpesvirus 15.88%, and malignant catarrhal fever 1.76%), by bacteria (botulism 5.88%, suppurative meningitis 3.53%, encephalic abscesses 2.94%, listeriosis 1.76%, and thrombotic meningoencephalitis 1.76%), of metabolic origin (polioencephalomalacia 17.06%), of indefinite cause (lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalitis 11.18%, traumatic hemorrhages 3.53%, and multifocal malacia with gliosis 1.18%), congenital (hydrocephaly 1.18% and multiple malformations 0.59%), toxic (urea poisoning 1.18% and insecticide poisoning 0.59%), and parasitic (meningoencephalitis associated with infection by Trypanosoma sp. 0.59%).
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5768
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4.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
Leitman, Paula
Souza, Vinícius C.
Walter, Bruno M.T.
Pirani, José R.
Morim, Marli P.
Queiroz, Luciano P.
Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
Mansano, Vidal F.
Forzza, Rafaela C.
Abreu, Maria C.
Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
Agra, Maria F.
Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
Almeida, Rafael F.
Alves, Flávio M.
Alves, Marccus
Alves-Araujo, Anderson
Amaral, Maria C.E.
Amorim, André M.
Amorim, Bruno
Andrade, Ivanilza M.
Andreata, Regina H.P.
Andrino, Caroline O.
Anunciação, Elisete A.
Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
Aranguren, Yani
Aranha Filho, João L.M.
Araújo, Andrea O.
Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
Araújo, Diogo
Arbo, María M.
Assis, Leandro
Assis, Marta C.
Assunção, Vivian A.
Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
Azevedo, Cecilia O.
Baitello, João B.
Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
Barbosa, Maria R.V.
Barros, Fábio
Barros, Lucas A.V.
Barros, Michel J.F.
Baumgratz, José F.A.
Bernacci, Luis C.
Berry, Paul E.
Bigio, Narcísio C.
Biral, Leonardo
Bittrich, Volker
Borges, Rafael A.X.
Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
Bove, Cláudia P.
Bovini, Massimo G.
Braga, João M.A.
Braz, Denise M.
Bringel Jr., João B.A.
Bruniera, Carla P.
Buturi, Camila V.
Cabral, Elza
Cabral, Fernanda N.
Caddah, Mayara K.
Caires, Claudenir S.
Calazans, Luana S.B.
Calió, Maria F.
Camargo, Rodrigo A.
Campbell, Lisa
Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
Carauta, Jorge P.P.
Cardiel, José M.
Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
Carneiro, Camila R.
Carneiro, Cláudia E.
Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
Carrijo, Tatiana T.
Caruzo, Maria B.R.
Carvalho, Maria L.S.
Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
Castello, Ana C.D.
Cavalheiro, Larissa
Cervi, Armando C.
Chacon, Roberta G.
Chautems, Alain
Chiavegatto, Berenice
Chukr, Nádia S.
Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
Coelho, Marcus A.N.
Coelho, Rubens L.G.
Cordeiro, Inês
Cordula, Elizabeth
Cornejo, Xavier
Côrtes, Ana L.A.
Costa, Andrea F.
Costa, Fabiane N.
Costa, Jorge A.S.
Costa, Leila C.
Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
Costa-Lima, James L.
Cota, Maria R.C.
Couto, Ricardo S.
Daly, Douglas C.
De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
De Toni, Karen
Dematteis, Massimiliano
Dettke, Greta A.
Di Maio, Fernando R.
Dórea, Marcos C.
Duarte, Marília C.
Dutilh, Julie H.A.
Dutra, Valquíria F.
Echternacht, Lívia
Eggers, Lilian
Esteves, Gerleni
Ezcurra, Cecilia
Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
Feres, Fabíola
Fernandes, José M.
Ferreira, D.M.C.
Ferreira, Fabrício M.
Ferreira, Gabriel E.
Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
Ferreira, Silvana C.
Ferrucci, Maria S.
Fiaschi, Pedro
Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
Firens, Marcela
Flores, Andreia S.
Forero, Enrique
Forster, Wellington
Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
Fortunato, Reneé H.
Fraga, Cléudio N.
França, Flávio
Francener, Augusto
Freitas, Joelcio
Freitas, Maria F.
Fritsch, Peter W.
Furtado, Samyra G.
Gaglioti, André L.
Garcia, Flávia C.P.
Germano Filho, Pedro
Giacomin, Leandro
Gil, André S.B.
Giulietti, Ana M.
A.P.Godoy, Silvana
Goldenberg, Renato
Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
Gomes, Mário
Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
Graham, Shirley
Groppo, Milton
Guedes, Juliana S.
Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
Guimarães, Elsie F.
Gutierrez, Raul
Harley, Raymond
Hassemer, Gustavo
Hattori, Eric K.O.
Hefler, Sonia M.
Heiden, Gustavo
Henderson, Andrew
Hensold, Nancy
Hiepko, Paul
Holanda, Ana S.S.
Iganci, João R.V.
Imig, Daniela C.
Indriunas, Alexandre
Jacques, Eliane L.
Jardim, Jomar G.
Kamer, Hiltje M.
Kameyama, Cíntia
Kinoshita, Luiza S.
Kirizawa, Mizué
Klitgaard, Bente B.
Koch, Ingrid
Koschnitzke, Cristiana
Krauss, Nathália P.
Kriebel, Ricardo
Kuntz, Juliana
Larocca, João
Leal, Eduardo S.
Lewis, Gwilym P.
Lima, Carla T.
Lima, Haroldo C.
Lima, Itamar B.
Lima, Laíce F.G.
Lima, Laura C.P.
Lima, Leticia R.
Lima, Luís F.P.
Lima, Rita B.
Lírio, Elton J.
Liro, Renata M.
Lleras, Eduardo
Lobão, Adriana
Loeuille, Benoit
Lohmann, Lúcia G.
Loiola, Maria I.B.
Lombardi, Julio A.
Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
Lopes, Rosana C.
Lorencini, Tiago S.
Louzada, Rafael B.
Lovo, Juliana
Lozano, Eduardo D.
Lucas, Eve
Ludtke, Raquel
Luz, Christian L.
Maas, Paul
Machado, Anderson F.P.
Macias, Leila
Maciel, Jefferson R.
Magenta, Mara A.G.
Mamede, Maria C.H.
Manoel, Evelin A.
Marchioretto, Maria S.
Marques, Juliana S.
Marquete, Nilda
Marquete, Ronaldo
Martinelli, Gustavo
Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
Martins, Ângela B.
Martins, Erika R.
Martins, Márcio L.L.
Martins, Milena V.
Martins, Renata C.
Matias, Ligia Q.
Maya-L., Carlos A.
Mayo, Simon
Mazine, Fiorella
Medeiros, Debora
Medeiros, Erika S.
Medeiros, Herison
Medeiros, João D.
Meireles, José E.
Mello-Silva, Renato
Melo, Aline
Melo, André L.
Melo, Efigênia
Melo, José I.M.
Menezes, Cristine G.
Menini Neto, Luiz
Mentz, Lilian A.
Mezzonato, A.C.
Michelangeli, Fabián A.
Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
Miotto, Silvia T.S.
Miranda, Vitor F.O.
Mondin, Cláudio A.
Monge, Marcelo
Monteiro, Daniele
Monteiro, Raquel F.
Moraes, Marta D.
Moraes, Pedro L.R.
Mori, Scott A.
Mota, Aline C.
Mota, Nara F.O.
Moura, Tania M.
Mulgura, Maria
Nakajima, Jimi N.
Nardy, Camila
Nascimento Júnior, José E.
Noblick, Larry
Nunes, Teonildes S.
O'Leary, Nataly
Oliveira, Arline S.
Oliveira, Caetano T.
Oliveira, Juliana A.
Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
Oliveira, Regina C.
Oliveira, Renata S.
Oliveira, Reyjane P.
Paixão-Souza, Bruno
Parra, Lara R.
Pasini, Eduardo
Pastore, José F.B.
Pastore, Mayara
Paula-Souza, Juliana
Pederneiras, Leandro C.
Peixoto, Ariane L.
Pelissari, Gisela
Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
Pennington, Toby
Perdiz, Ricardo O.
Pereira, Anna C.M.
Pereira, Maria S.
Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
Pessoa, Clenia
Pessoa, Edlley M.
Pessoa, Maria C.R.
Pinto, Luiz J.S.
Pinto, Rafael B.
Pontes, Tiago A.
Prance, Ghillean T.
Proença, Carolyn
Profice, Sheila R.
Pscheidt, Allan C.
Queiroz, George A.
Queiroz, Rubens T.
Quinet, Alexandre
Rainer, Heimo
Ramos, Eliana
Rando, Juliana G.
Rapini, Alessandro
Reginato, Marcelo
Reis, Ilka P.
Reis, Priscila A.
Ribeiro, André R.O.
Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
Riina, Ricarda
Ritter, Mara R.
Rivadavia, Fernando
Rocha, Antônio E.S.
Rocha, Maria J.R.
Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
Rodrigues, Karina F.
Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
Rodrigues, William
Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
Romão, Gerson O.
Romero, Rosana
Roque, Nádia
Rosa, Patrícia
Rossi, Lúcia
Sá, Cyl F.C.
Saavedra, Mariana M.
Saka, Mariana
Sakuragui, Cássia M.
Salas, Roberto M.
Sales, Margareth F.
Salimena, Fatima R.G.
Sampaio, Daniela
Sancho, Gisela
Sano, Paulo T.
Santos, Alessandra
Santos, Élide P.
Santos, Juliana S.
Santos, Marianna R.
Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
Santos-Silva, Fernanda
São-Mateus, Wallace
Saraiva, Deisy P.
Saridakis, Dennis P.
Sartori, Ângela L.B.
Scalon, Viviane R.
Schneider, Ângelo
Sebastiani, Renata
Secco, Ricardo S.
Senna, Luisa
Senna-Valle, Luci
Shirasuna, Regina T.
Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
Silva, Anádria S.
Silva, Christian
Silva, Genilson A.R.
Silva, Gisele O.
Silva, Márcia C.R.
Silva, Marcos J.
Silva, Marcos J.
Silva, Otávio L.M.
Silva, Rafaela A.P.
Silva, Saura R.
Silva, Tania R.S.
Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
Simões, André O.
Simpson, Beryl
Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
Siqueira Filho, José A.
Siqueira, Carlos E.
Siqueira, Josafá C.
Smith, Nathan P.
Snak, Cristiane
Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
Soares, Kelen P.
Soares, Marcos V.B.
Soares, Maria L.
Soares, Polyana N.
Sobral, Marcos
Sodré, Rodolfo C.
Somner, Genise V.
Sothers, Cynthia A.
Sousa, Danilo J.L.
Souza, Elnatan B.
Souza, Élvia R.
Souza, Marcelo
Souza, Maria L.D.R.
Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
Spina, Andréa P.
Stapf, María N.S.
Stefano, Marina V.
Stehmann, João R.
Steinmann, Victor
Takeuchi, Cátia
Taylor, Charlotte M.
Taylor, Nigel P.
Teles, Aristônio M.
Temponi, Lívia G.
Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
Thode, Veronica
Thomas, W.Wayt
Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
Torke, Benjamin M.
Torres, Roseli B.
Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
Trad, Rafaela J.
Trevisan, Rafael
Trovó, Marcelo
Valls, José F.M.
Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
Versieux, Leonardo
Viana, Pedro L.
Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
Vieira, Ana O.S.
Vieira, Diego D.
Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
Vilar, Thaisa
Vinhos, Franklin
Wallnöfer, Bruno
Wanderley, Maria G.L.
Wasshausen, Dieter
Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
Weigend, Maximilian
Welker, Cassiano A.D.
Woodgyer, Elizabeth
Xifreda, Cecilia C.
Yamamoto, Kikyo
Zanin, Ana
Zenni, Rafael D.
Zickel, Carmem S
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
33340 downloads
5.
Eficiência no uso da água e interferência de plantas daninhas no meloeiro cultivado nos sistemas de plantio direto e convencional
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Teófilo, T.M.S.
Freitas, F.C.L.
Medeiros, J.F.
Fernandes, D.
Grangeiro, L.C.
Tomaz, H.V.Q.
Rodrigues, A.P.M.S.
Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito dos sistemas de plantio direto e convencional e estratégias de manejo de plantas daninhas na economia de água de irrigação na cultura do melão (Cucumis melo), conduziu-se um experimento na horta didática do Departamento de Ciências Vegetais da Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, em Mossoró-RN, utilizando o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, no esquema de parcelas subdivididas. Nas parcelas foram avaliados dois sistemas de plantio (plantio direto e convencional) e, nas subparcelas, três sistemas de manejo de plantas daninhas (cobertura com filme de polietileno, mantido no limpo por meio de capinas e testemunha sem capinas). Avaliaram-se a densidade e a massa seca das plantas daninhas aos 30 dias após o transplante, a produtividade comercial e total e o consumo diário de água. O manejo da água foi realizado mediante a curva característica de água no solo para cada sistema de plantio a 15 e 30 cm de profundidade, e o controle da lâmina de água foi feito com base na leitura diária de um conjunto de tensiômetros instalados nas mesmas profundidades, de modo que se mantivesse a umidade do solo sempre acima de 75% da água disponível total. A partir da produtividade e do consumo de água, determinou-se a eficiência no uso da água (EUA), dada em kg m-3. Verificou-se que o sistema de plantio direto na palha reduziu a densidade populacional e a massa seca acumulada pelas plantas daninhas em 86,7 e 61%, respectivamente, em relação ao plantio convencional, e a interferência destas reduziu a produtividade comercial em 100% no plantio convencional e 36,5% no direto. A cobertura do solo com filme de polietileno no plantio convencional e no plantio direto e a palhada no plantio direto reduziram o consumo de água em 23% (388,8 m³ ha-1), 21% (363,0 m³ ha-1) e 13% (215,0 m³ ha-1), respectivamente, em relação ao tratamento com capinas no plantio convencional. A cobertura do solo com filme de polietileno nos dois sistemas de plantio ou com cobertura morta no plantio direto aumentou a eficiência no uso da água em relação ao solo sem cobertura. No tratamento sem capinas no sistema de plantio convencional, além da perda total na produtividade comercial, a interferência das plantas daninhas aumentou o consumo de água em 9,6%.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the conventional and no-tillage systems and weed management strategies on water use efficiency in melon crop (Cucumis melo). Thus, an experiment was carried out in a randomized block design in split-plots in Mossoró-RN. The plots were constituted of two tillage systems (conventional and no-tillage) and the sub-plots of three weed management systems (plastic mulch, weeding, and no weeding). Density and dry weight of the weeds at 30 days after transplanting, commercial and total yield and daily consumption of water were evaluated. Irrigation management was performed by the characteristic soil water curve for each cropping system at 15 and 30 cm of depth and water control by daily reading a set of tensiometers installed to keep the soil above 75% of field capacity. Water use efficiency (USA), given in kg of fruit per m3, was determined based on the crop's yield and water consumption. It was found that the no-tillage system reduced weed density and dry matter in 86.7 and 61%, respectively, compared to conventional tillage, and weed interference reduced commercial yield by 100% under conventional tillage and 36.5% under no-tillage. Soil with plastic mulch under no-tillage and conventional systems, and straw mulching under no-tillage reduced water consumption by 23% (388.8 m3 ha-1), 21% (363.0 m3 ha-1) and 13% (215.0 m3 ha-1), respectively, compared to the weeding treatment under conventional tillage. Soil with plastic mulch under the two tillage systems, or straw mulching under no-tillage increased the efficiency of water use from the ground without cover. In the no-weeding treatment under conventional tillage, weed interference caused total productivity loss and increased water consumption by 9.6%.
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6.
Sleep-wake pattern of medical students: early versus late class starting time
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Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
- Journal Metrics
The sleep-wake cycle of students is characterized by delayed onset, partial sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality. Like other circadian rhythms, the sleep-wake cycle is influenced by endogenous and environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of different class starting times on the sleep-wake pattern of 27 medical students. The data were collected during two medical school semesters having different class starting times. All subjects answered the Portuguese version of the Horne and Östberg Morningness/Eveningness Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and kept a sleep diary for two weeks during each semester. Better sleep quality (PSQI = 5.3 vs 3.4), delayed sleep onset (23:59 vs 0:54 h) and longer sleep duration (6 h and 55 min vs 7 h and 25 min) were observed with the late schedule. We also found reduced sleep durations during weekdays and extended sleep durations during weekends. This pattern was more pronounced during the semester with the early class schedule, indicating that the students were more sleep deprived when their classes began earlier in the morning. These results require further investigation regarding the temporal organization of our institutions.
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7.
Heparan sulfates and heparins: similar compounds performing the same functions in vertebrates and invertebrates?
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Nader, H.B.
Chavante, S.F.
dos-Santos, E.A.
Oliveira, F.W.
de-Paiva, J.F.
Jerônimo, S.M.B.
Medeiros, G.F.
de-Abreu, L.R.D.
Leite, E.L.
de-Sousa-Filho, J.F.
Castro, R.A.B.
Toma, L.
Tersariol, I.L.S.
Porcionatto, M.A.
Dietrich, C.P.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
- Journal Metrics
The distribution and structure of heparan sulfate and heparin are briefly reviewed. Heparan sulfate is a ubiquitous compound of animal cells whose structure has been maintained throughout evolution, showing an enormous variability regarding the relative amounts of its disaccharide units. Heparin, on the other hand, is present only in a few tissues and species of the animal kingdom and in the form of granules inside organelles in the cytoplasm of special cells. Thus, the distribution as well as the main structural features of the molecule, including its main disaccharide unit, have been maintained through evolution. These and other studies led to the proposal that heparan sulfate may be involved in the cell-cell recognition phenomena and control of cell growth, whereas heparin may be involved in defense mechanisms against bacteria and other foreign materials. All indications obtained thus far suggest that these molecules perform the same functions in vertebrates and invertebrates.
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