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Silicon as an attenuator of the toxic effects of aluminum in Schinus terebinthifolius plants
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Aguilar, M. V. M.

; Mattos, J. P. O.

; Wertonge, G. S.

; Rosa, F. C. R.

; Lovato, L. R.

; Valsoler, D. V.

; Azevedo, T. D.

; Nicoloso, F. T.

; Tabaldi, L. A.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e271301

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O alumínio (Al) é altamente tóxico para as plantas, pois causa estresse e inibe o crescimento vegetal. O silício (Si) é conhecido por atenuar o estresse causado pelo Al em diversas espécies vegetais. Assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar os efeitos suavizantes do Si sobre variáveis morfofisiológicas e fotossintéticas, e os atributos associados ao estresse oxidativo em plantas de Schinus terebinthifolius expostas ao Al. Os tratamentos seguiram um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições baseadas nas seguintes combinações Al/Si (em mM): Tratamento 1: 0 Al + 0 Si; Tratamento 2: 0 Al + 2,5 Si; Tratamento 3: 1,85 Al + 0 Si; Tratamento 4: 1,85 Al + 2,5 Si; Tratamento 5: 3,71 Al + 0 Si; Tratamento 6: 3,71 Al + 2,5 Si. Cada unidade amostral constou de uma bandeja com 15 plantas, totalizando quarenta e cinco plantas por tratamento. Variáveis morfológicas da parte aérea e da raiz, variáveis fotossintéticas, pigmentos fotossintéticos, concentração de peróxido de hidrogênio, peroxidação lipídica (MDA), enzimas guaiacol peroxidase (POD) e superóxido dismutase (SOD) e antioxidantes não enzimáticos como ácido ascórbico (AsA) e grupos tiós não protéicos (NPSH) foram avaliadas. A inibição do crescimento radicular seguida de alterações nas variáveis morfológicas radiculares afetaram negativamente a produção de biomassa radicular e aérea em plantas submetidas apenas ao Al. No entanto, a adição de 2,5 mM de Si ao tratamento atenuou os efeitos tóxicos causados por 1,85 mM de alumínio em plantas de S. terebinthifolius. (Al vegetal (Si vegetais Assim fotossintéticas casualizado AlSi mM) 1 2 25 5 2, 3 185 85 1,8 4 371 71 3,7 6 raiz fotossintéticos hidrogênio MDA, MDA , (MDA) POD (POD SOD (SOD AsA (AsA NPSH (NPSH avaliadas entanto S 18 8 1, 37 7 3, (MDA

Abstract Aluminum (Al) is highly toxic to plants, since it causes stress and inhibits plant growth. Silicon (Si) is known to mitigate the stress caused by Al in several plant species. Thus, the current study aims to investigate the soothing effects of Si on morphophysiological and photosynthetic variables, and the attributes associated with oxidative stress in Schinus terebinthifolius plants exposed to Al. Treatments have followed a completely randomized design, with three repetitions based on the following Al/Si combinations (in mM): Treatment 1: 0 Al + 0 Si; Treatment 2: 0 Al + 2.5 Si; Treatment 3: 1.85 Al + 0 Si; Treatment 4: 1.85 Al + 2.5 Si; Treatment 5: 3.71 Al + 0 Si; Treatment 6: 3.71 Al + 2.5 Si. Each sampling unit consisted of a tray with 15 plants, totaling forty-five per treatment. Shoot and root morphological variables, photosynthetic variables, photosynthetic pigments, hydrogen peroxide concentration, lipid peroxidation (MDA), guaiacol peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, and non-enzymatic antioxidant such as Ascorbic acid (AsA) and non-protein thiol (NPSH) concentration were assessed. Root growth inhibition followed by changes in root morphological variables have negatively affected root and shoot biomass production in plants only subjected to Al. However, adding 2.5 mM Si to the treatment has mitigated the toxic effects caused by 1.85 mM of aluminum on S. terebinthifolius plants. (Al (Si species Thus design AlSi mM) 1 2 25 5 2. 3 185 85 1.8 4 371 71 3.7 6 fortyfive forty five pigments MDA, MDA , (MDA) POD (POD SOD (SOD enzymes nonenzymatic non enzymatic AsA (AsA nonprotein protein NPSH (NPSH assessed However S 18 8 1. 37 7 3. (MDA

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.271301

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. (SB Brazil However programs SANSED cruise SANAGU 356 (35 201 2021/2022. 20212022 2021/2022 . 2021 2022 2021/2022) ecology biogeochemistry masses patterns geomorphology sedimentology chemistry board approaches analyses GOMEXtype GOMEX type 0.25 025 0 (0.2 m² 0.75 075 75 (0.7 10 240 depth station physicochemical physico chemical micro, micro , micro- meio, meio meio- system 6 community pico macroplankton vertical horizontal 20, 20 (20 200 50 size, size) CTDrosette CTD rosette sampler PCRBS PCR BS (PCR-BS IBAMA Development 35 (3 2021202 2021/202 202 0.2 02 (0. 0.7 07 7 1 (2 5 3 ( 202120 2021/20 0. (0 20212 2021/2 2021/

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Apremilast: A Study Using Ketoreductases and Lipases
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Vega, Kimberly B.

; Cruz, Daniel M. V.

; Oliveira, Artur R. T.

; Silva, Marcos R. da

; Lemos, Telma L. G. de

; Oliveira, Maria C. F.

; Bernardo, Ricardo D. S.

; Sousa, Jackson R. de

; Zanatta, Geancarlo

; Nasário, Fábio D.

; Marsaioli, Anita J.

; Mattos, Marcos C. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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may 2021, Volume 32 N. 5 Pages 1100 - 1110

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The key step in the chemoenzymatic synthesis of apremilast was to produce the chiral alcohol (R)-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethanol, (R)-3. Two enzymatic approaches were evaluated to obtain (R)-3, one using ketoreductases and the other lipases. Bioreduction of 1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethanone (2), using ketoreductase KRED-P2-D12, led to (R)-3 with 48% conversion and 93% enantiomeric excess (ee). Kinetic resolution of rac-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl acetate (rac-4), via hydrolysis reaction, with 20% of n-butanol, catalyzed by lipase from Aspergillus niger yielded (R)-3 with > 99% ee, 50% conversion and E-value (enantiomeric ratio) > 200. The reaction between enantiomerically pure (R)-3 and 4-acetylamino-isoindol-1,3-dione (8) afforded apremilast in 65% yield and 67% ee.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210012 180 downloads

Challenges and opportunities in the science of research to practice: lessons learned from a randomized controlled trial of a sexual risk-reduction intervention for psychiatric patients in a public mental health system
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Wainberg, Milton L.

; Mann, Claudio G.

; Norcini-Pala, Andrea

; McKinnon, Karen

; Pinto, Diana

; Pinho, Veronica

; Cavalcanti, Maria T.

; Cheng-Shiun, Leu

; Guimarães, Mark D.

; Mattos, Paulo

; Hughes, Elizabeth

; Palinkas, Lawrence A.

; Otto-Salaj, Laura

; Remien, Robert H.

; Cournos, Francine

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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aug 2020, Volume 42 N. 4 Pages 349 - 359

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Objective: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention efficacy trials with psychiatric patients have been conducted in research settings in high-resourced countries, establishing short-term efficacy for reducing sexual risk behavior. None has been implemented within systems of care. In the last decade, overcoming this research-to-practice gap has become a focus of implementation science. This paper describes the first and only HIV Prevention intervention trial for psychiatric patients conducted in real-world outpatient psychiatric settings facilitated by trained clinic-based providers. Methods: The HIV Prevention intervention, which uses the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model to achieve sexual risk-reduction, was rigorously adapted to the local context and clinic services’ needs. Participants from eight clinics were randomized to HIV Prevention or Health Promotion conditions. Results: HIV Prevention participants showed significant improvement in Information-Motivation-Behavioral domains; in this group, behavioral intentions were associated with significantly fewer unprotected sex occasions, but reduction of unprotected sex occasions was similar in both conditions. Conclusion: Our trial was conducted before implementation studies became widely funded. Transporting an intervention to a new culture or into real-world practice settings may require adaptations. Our results demonstrate that clear guidelines are needed regarding whether to conduct efficacy, effectiveness, and/or implementation research as the most appropriate next step. Clinical trial registration: NCT00881699

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0737 567 downloads

Aplicação intracoronária de nanopartículas de paclitaxel durante intervenção percutânea para supressão da hiperplasia intimal após implante de stents não-farmacológicos
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Chamié, Daniel

; Abizaid, Alexandre

; Costa Jr., J. Ribamar

; Feres, Fausto

; Gama, Gustavo T.

; Belzares, Oward

; Staico, Rodolfo

; Mattos, Luiz Alberto

; Costa, Ricardo A.

; Siqueira, Dimytri

; Abizaid, Andréa

; Chaves, Áurea J.

; Centemero, Marinella

; Tanajura, Luiz Fernando

; Sousa, Amanda G. M. R.

; Sousa, J. Eduardo

Revista Brasileira de Cardiologia Invasiva

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jun 2010, Volume 18 N. 2 Pages 140 - 150

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

INTRODUÇÃO: Embora os stents farmacológicos tenham reduzido de forma inconteste o crescimento neointimal e sua consequência clínica direta, a reestenose, questionamentos acerca de sua segurança a longo prazo têm motivado o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias. A aplicação sistêmica de fármacos antiproliferativos teria o potencial de solucionar o problema da reestenose e ao mesmo tempo amenizar a questão da segurança tardia inerente aos polímeros sintéticos. Recentemente, estudo investigando a administração intravenosa de uma solução de paclitaxel ligado à albumina (ABI-007) produziu efeito discreto na redução da formação de tecido neointimal. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar, por meio da angiografia e do ultrassom intracoronário (USIC) seriados, a efetividade da aplicação intracoronária do ABI-007 na supressão da hiperplasia neointimal após implante de stents não-farmacológicos MÉTODO: Entre novembro de 2006 e maio de 2007, pacientes portadores de lesões coronárias de novo, com extensão < 18 mm, em vasos nativos de 2,5 mm a 3,5 mm de diâmetro, foram submetidos a intervenção coronária percutânea com implante de stents não-farmacológicos, seguida de injeção intracoronária de 70 mg/m² de ABI-007. Avaliação com angiografia e USIC foi programada para todos os pacientes imediatamente após o procedimento e aos seis meses de seguimento. Desfecho primário era a perda luminal tardia (QCA) e o porcentual de obstrução volumétrica gerado pela hiperplasia neointimal (USIC) aos seis meses RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 11 pacientes, com média de idade de 58,4 ± 7,3 anos, 54% do sexo feminino e 18,2% de diabéticos. A artéria descendente anterior foi o vaso mais frequentemente tratado (45,5%) e a maioria das lesões era do tipo A/B1 (63,7%). A administração de ABI-007 foi bem tolerada por todos os pacientes. Aos seis meses, a perda luminal tardia foi de 0,84 ± 0,46 mm, tendo sido identificados três casos (27,3%) de reestenose binária. Ao USIC, o porcentual de obstrução volumétrica foi de 38,4 ± 16,2%. Não houve casos de remodelamento vascular significativo, nem de má-aposição tardia dos stents. Ao final de dois anos, não houve ocorrência de eventos cardíacos maiores CONCLUSÃO: Embora a administração intracoronária de ABI-007 tenha sido bem tolerada, sem efeitos tóxicos adversos reportados, essa modalidade terapêutica apresentou baixa capacidade de suprimir a formação de tecido neointimal após implante de stents nãofarmacológicos, com perda tardia e porcentual de obstrução volumétrica semelhantes aos observados após implante de stents não-farmacológicos isolados.

BACKGROUND: Although drug-eluting stents have proven to be highly effective in decreasing neointimal hyperplasia and its direct clinical consequence, restenosis, concerns regarding their long-term safety have led to the development of new technologies. The systemic use of antiproliferative drugs may resolve restenosis while minimizing the longterm safety issues inherent to synthetic polymers. Recently, a study investigating the intravenous administration of albumin-bound paclitaxel (ABI-007) showed that it produced a mild effect on the reduction of neointimal tissue formation. The present study was aimed at investigating, by means of serial angiography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), the efficacy of intracoronary ABI-007 administration in the suppression of neointimal hyperplasia after bare-metal stent implantation METHOD: From November 2006 and May 2007, patients with de novo coronary lesions < 18 mm were submitted to percutaneous coronary intervention using bare-metal stents, followed by a 70 mg/m² intracoronary injection of ABI-007. Angiography and IVUS assessment was planned for all of the patients immediately after the procedure and at the six-month follow-up. The primary end-point was late lumen loss (LL) and percent neointimal volume obstruction caused by neointimal hyperplasia (IVUS) at 6 months RESULTS: 11 patients were included, with mean age of 58.4 ± 7.3 years, 54% were female and 18.2% diabetics. Left anterior descending artery was the most frequent vessel treated (45.5%) and most of the lesions were type A/B1 (63.7%). ABI-007 administration was well tolerated by all patients. At the 6-month follow-up, LL was 0.84 ± 0.46 mm and three cases (27.3%) of binary restenosis were identified. IVUS percent volumetric obstruction was 38.4 ± 16.2%. No cases of significant vascular remodeling or late acquired stent malapposition were observed. After two years, there were no cases of major adverse cardiac events CONCLUSION: Although the intracoronary ABI-007 administration was well tolerated, with no adverse toxic events reported, this treatment modality demonstrated a low capacity of suppressing neointimal tissue formation after bare-metal stent implantation, with late loss and percent of volumetric obstruction percentages similar to those observed after bare-metal stent implantation alone.

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Tratamento de reestenose intrastent com o novo stent farmacológico FirebirdTM, liberador de sirolimus: resultados angiográficos e ultrassonográficos de um ano de evolução
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Freitas, Leandro Zacarias F. de

; Feres, Fausto

; Costa Jr., J. Ribamar

; Abizaid, Alexandre

; Staico, Rodolfo

; Costa, Ricardo

; Siqueira, Dimytri

; Collet, Carlos A.

; Gama, Gustavo T.

; Rêgo, Marcel A. G.

; Slhessarenko, Juliano

; Mattos, Luiz Alberto

; Maldonado, Galo

; Braga, Sérgio

; Chaves, Áurea J.

; Tanajura, Luiz Fernando

; Centemero, Marinella

; Marcelino, Danielle Peixoto

; Abizaid, Andréa

; Sousa, Amanda G. M. R.

; Sousa, J. Eduardo

Revista Brasileira de Cardiologia Invasiva

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2010, Volume 18 N. 4 Pages 379 - 386

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

INTRODUÇÃO: A reestenose intrastent (RIS), resultante da excessiva resposta reparadora neointimal após o implante da prótese, é uma das principais limitações da intervenção coronária percutânea. A despeito da eficácia dos stents farmacológicos (SF) de primeira geração no tratamento da RIS, questões relacionadas à segurança e ao perfil de flexibilidade/navegabilidade dessas próteses estimularam o desenvolvimento de novas gerações de SF. O novo SF FirebirdTM (Microport Co. Ltd., Xangai, China) combina uma plataforma de aço inoxidável (316 L) de hastes finas (0,0040 polegada), um potente agente antiproliferativo (sirolimus, na dose de 9 µg/mm²) e um revestimento que inclui três camadas de polímero durável, que controla a liberação do fármaco. Apesar de ser um dos SF mais utilizados na China, pouco se conhece sobre seu desempenho, sobretudo em subgrupos de maior complexidade. MÉTODO: Entre fevereiro e dezembro de 2009, pacientes portadores de lesão reestenótica única, de stents não-farmacológicos, foram submetidos a intervenção coronária percutânea com implante de stent FirebirdTM. Avaliação com angiografia e ultrassom intracoronário (USIC) foi programada para todos os pacientes aos 12 meses de seguimento. O desfecho primário foi a perda luminal tardia (QCA) e o porcentual de obstrução volumétrica intrastent (USIC) aos 12 meses. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 25 pacientes com média de idade de 56,8 ± 7,7 anos, 80% dos quais eram do sexo masculino e 40%, diabéticos. A artéria descendente anterior foi o vaso mais frequentemente tratado (44%) e a maioria das lesões era do tipo difuso/proliferativo (64%). Aos 12 meses, a perda luminal tardia foi de 0,3 ± 0,24 mm, não tendo sido identificado nenhum caso de reestenose binária. Ao USIC, o porcentual de obstrução volumétrica intrastent foi de 2,6 ± 1,9%. CONCLUSÃO: Neste estudo unicêntrico, o novo SF FirebirdTM demonstrou resultados angiográficos e ultrassonográficos favoráveis para o tratamento da RIS de stents não-farmacológicos, no acompanhamento de um ano.

BACKGROUND: In-stent restenosis (ISR), resulting from excessive neointimal hyperplasia, is a major limitation of percutaneous coronary intervention. Despite the efficacy of first generation drug-eluting stents (DES) in the treatment of ISR, issues related to the safety and flexibility/navigability profile have encouraged the development of new generations of DES. The new FirebirdTM DES (Microport Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China) combines a stainless steel platform (L316) of fine struts (0,0040'), a powerful anti-proliferative agent (sirolimus, at a dose of 9 µg/mm²) and a coating that includes three layers of a durable polymer, which controls drug release. Though it is a most used DES in China, little is known about its performance, particularly in subgroups of greater complexity. METHOD: Between February and December 2009, patients with single bare metal stent restenotic lesions, were submitted to percutaneous coronary intervention with FirebirdTM stent implantation. Angiography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) were scheduled for all patients at 12 months of follow-up. The primary end-point was late loss and the percentage of in-stent volumetric obstruction at 12 months. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients with mean age of 56.8 ± 7.7 years were included, of which 80% were males and 40% diabetics. The anterior descending artery was the most frequently treated vessel (44%) and most lesions had a diffuse/proliferative pattern (64%). At 12 months, late luminal loss was 0.3 ± 0.24 mm, and no case of binary restenosis was identified. IVUS percent volumetric obstruction was 2.6 ± 1.9%. CONCLUSION: In this single center study, the new FirebirdTM DES showed favorable angiographic and IVUS results for the treatment of bare metal ISR at the one year follow-up.

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A new method to study stochastic growth equations: application to the Edwards-Wilkinson equation
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Mattos, T. G.

; Moreira, J. G.

; Atman, A. P. F.

Brazilian Journal of Physics

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sep 2006, Volume 36 N. 3a Pages 746 - 749

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In this work we introduce a method to study stochastic growth equations, which follows a dynamics based on cellular automata modeling. The method defines an interface growth process that depends on height differences between neighbors. The growth rules assign a probability p i(t) for site i to receive a particle at time t, where p i(t) = rho exp[<FONT FACE=Symbol>kG</FONT>i(t)]. Here r and k are two parameters and gammai(t) is a kernel that depends on height h i(t) of site i and on heights of its neighbors, at time t. We specify the functional form of this kernel by the discretization of the deterministic part of the equation that describes some growth process. In particular, we study the Edwards-Wilkinson (EW) equation which describes growth processes where surface relaxation plays a major role. In this case we have a Laplacian term dominating in the growth equation and gammai(t) = h i+1(t)+h i-1(t)-2h i(t), which follows from the discretization of <FONT FACE=Symbol>Ñ</FONT>2h. By means of simulations and statistical analysis of the height distributions of the profiles, we obtain the roughening exponents, beta, alpha and z, whose values confirm that the processes defined by the method are indeed in the universality class of the original growth equation.

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Estudo prospectivo e randomizado de pacientes tratados com e sem stents revestidos com carbeto de silício amorfo para a prevenção da reestenose coronariana. Avaliação ultra-sonográfica
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Tanajura, Luiz Fernando Leite

; Sousa, J. Eduardo M. R.

; Sousa, Amanda G. M. R.

; Abizaid, Alexandre

; Paula, João Eduardo T.

; Albertal, Mariano

; Feres, Fausto

; Mattos, Luiz Alberto P.

; Staico, Rodolfo

; Pinto, Ibraim M.F.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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dec 2004, Volume 83 N. spe Pages 59 - 63

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: A reestenose intra-stent é a maior limitação das intervenções coronárias percutâneas. O carbeto de silício amorfo (SiC-a), substância antitrombótica e antiinflamatória capaz de reduzir a deposição de fibrina, plaquetas e leucócitos sobre o stent, apresenta potencial de prevenir a hiperplasia neo-intimal e a reestenose. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo, randomizado e tipo rótulo aberto comparando pacientes com doença coronariana tratados com e sem stents revestidos com o SiC-a, utilizando a angiografia quantitativa e o ultra-som intracoronário. Foram incluídos 100 pacientes (50 em cada grupo) a fim de mensurar o volume de hiperplasia neo-intimal intra-stent/extremidades. Como os stents comparados apresentavam extensões diferentes, o volume de hiperplasia foi analisado em valores absolutos (por paciente) e relativos (por milímetro de extensão do stent). Avaliaram-se ainda os eventos cardíacos maiores e os resultados da angiografia quantitativa. RESULTADOS: Os grupos apresentaram características de base semelhantes. Todos os pacientes foram tratados com sucesso. No 6° mês de evolução foram reestudados 94% dos casos dos dois grupos, obtendo-se ultra-som em 92%. O volume de hiperplasia neo-intimal absoluto foi significativamente maior nos tratados com os stents revestidos (51.2 DP 18.8 mm³ vs 41.9 DP 16.4 mm³; p=0.014), porém o relativo foi semelhante (2.9 DP 1.0 mm³/mm stent vs 2.5 DP 0.9 mm³/mm stent; p=0.108). A obstrução volumétrica da luz também foi similar (36.4 DP 11.1% vs 37.9 DP 10.9%; p=0.505). O diâmetro mínimo da luz (1.9 DP 0.7 mm vs 1.8 DO 0.6 mm; p=0.552), a reestenose (19.1% vs 17%; p>0.999) e a revascularização do vaso-alvo (16% vs 14%; p>0.999) não diferiram. CONCLUSÃO: Os stents revestidos apresentaram resultados clínicos, angiográficos e ultra-sonográficos similares aos controles.

OBJECTIVE: In-stent restenosis remains a major limitation following coronary stent implantation. Amorphous silicon-carbide (a-SiC) coating has been shown to improve stent biocompatibility, therefore, reducing local inflammation and thrombus generation. Due to the latter, a-SiC coating might have an impact on the prevention of neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) and restenosis. METHODS: This prospective, randomized, open-label trial compared a-SiC-coated (group A) versus uncoated (group B) stent implantation in de novo lesions. We included 100 patients (50 patients in each group) and the primary end-point was in-stent volume of NIH measured by intravascular ultrasound. RESULTS: All patients underwent successful stent deployment. Although absolute NIH volume was greater in A (51.2 mm³ SD 18.8 mm³ versus 41.9 mm³ SD 16.4 mm³; P = 0.014), relative (divided per mm of stent length) NIH volume was similar (2.9 mm³/mm stent SD 1.0 mm³/mm stent versus 2.5 mm³/mm stent SD 0.9 mm³/mm stent; P = 0.108). Late loss, restenosis, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were similar. CONCLUSION: A-SiC-coated stents did not reduce either NIH or MACE at long-term follow-up.

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Universality classes of chaotic cellular automata
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Mattos, T. G.

; Moreira, J. G.

Brazilian Journal of Physics

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jun 2004, Volume 34 N. 2a Pages 448 - 451

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Cellular automata (CA) are discrete, spatially-homogeneous, locally-interacting dynamical systems of very simple construction, but which exhibit a rich intrinsic behavior. Even starting from disordered initial configurations, CA can evolve into ordered states with complex structures crystallized in space-time patterns. In this paper we concentrate on deterministic one-dimensional CA defined by rules that lead to chaotic patterns. In order to find universality classes for these rules we associate a growth process with the CA dynamics and study the temporal behavior of the growth exponent, skewness and kurtosis of the height distribution of the interface. We obtain four universality classes characterized by different values of the growth exponent. These are related to the random deposition and directed percolation classes.

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