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RESUMO Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa determinar e avaliar o comportamento da forma e do tamanho do feijão mungo durante a secagem. O feijão mungo tem sido destaque no meio científico e agronômico devido suas propriedades nutricionais, medicinais e produtivas, e o conhecimento de suas propriedades físicas em diferentes teores de água é fundamental para otimização dos processos de plantio, colheita e pós-colheita. Os grãos foram colhidos com o teor de água de aproximadamente 27% (base úmida, bu), e posteriormente submetidos à secagem artificial com ventilação natural, até atingirem o teor de água de aproximadamente 9% (bu). Ao longo do processo de secagem a forma e o tamanho dos grãos foram avaliados mediante determinação dos eixos ortogonais, comprimento, largura e espessura em 30 grãos por repetição. De posse desses dados foram calculados a circularidade, esfericidade, volume, área superficial, área projetada, relação superfície-volume e diâmetro geométrico. A secagem reduz o tamanho dos grãos de feijão mungo, sem alterar de maneira expressiva a sua forma, que pode ser considerada circular e esférica. O comprimento e a largura dos grãos se reduzem em proporção maior que à espessura. A relação superfície/volume aumenta com a secagem, e a área projetada, área superficial e diâmetro geométrico diminuem. Objetivouse Objetivou nutricionais produtivas plantio póscolheita. póscolheita pós colheita. pós-colheita 27 base úmida bu, bu , bu) natural 9 bu. . (bu) ortogonais 3 repetição circularidade esfericidade volume projetada superfícievolume superfície esférica diminuem 2 (bu

ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of drying on the shape and size of mung beans (Vigna radiata L.), which are well-regarded for their nutritional, medicinal, and agronomic benefits. Understanding their physical properties at varying moisture levels is crucial for improving agricultural practices from planting through post-harvest. Initially harvested at about 27% moisture content (wet basis, wb), the beans were air-dried naturally to approximately 9% moisture content (wb). The analysis involved measuring the orthogonal axes, length, width, and thickness of 30 representative beans. Parameters such as circularity, sphericity, volume, surface area, projected area, surface-to-volume ratio, and geometric diameter were calculated based on these measurements. Findings indicate that drying reduces the size of mung beans but maintains their circular and spherical shape. The length and width diminish more than the thickness. As drying progresses, the surface-to-volume ratio increases, while the projected area, surface area, and geometric diameter decrease. Vigna L., L L. , L.) wellregarded well regarded nutritional medicinal benefits postharvest. postharvest post harvest. harvest post-harvest 27 wet basis wb, wb wb) airdried air dried 9 wb. . (wb) axes 3 circularity sphericity volume area surfacetovolume measurements progresses increases decrease 2 (wb

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v29n3e281100

[SciELO Preprints] - Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy – 2024
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Fernandes, Fabio Simões, Marcus V. Correia, Edileide de Barros Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana G. Coelho-Filho, Otavio Rizzi Mesquita, Cláudio Tinoco Mathias-Junior, Wilson Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo Ramires, Felix José Alvarez Alves, Silvia Marinho Martins Montera, Marcelo Westerlund Lopes, Renato Delascio Oliveira-Junior, Mucio Tavares Scolari, Fernando L. Avila, Walkiria Samuel Canesin, Manoel Fernandes Bacal, Fernando Bocchi, Edimar Alcides Moura, Lídia Ana Zytynski Saad, Eduardo Benchimol Scanavacca, Mauricio I. Valdigem, Bruno Pereira Cano , Manuel Nicolas Abizaid , Alexandre Ribeiro, Henrique Barbosa Lemos-Neto, Pedro Alves Ribeiro, Gustavo Calado de Aguiar Jatene, Fabio Biscegli Dias, Ricardo Ribeiro Beck-da-Silva, Luis Rohde, Luis Eduardo P. Bittencourt, Marcelo Imbroinise Pereira, Alexandre Krieger, José Eduardo Villacorta, Humberto Martins, Wolney de Andrade Figueiredo-Neto, José Albuquerque de Cardoso , Juliano Novaes Pastore, Carlos Alberto Jatene, Ieda Biscegli Tanaka, Ana Cristina Sayuri Hotta, Viviane Tiemi Romano, Minna Moreira Dias Albuquerque, Denilson Campos de Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão Brito, Fabio Sandoli de Caramelli , Bruno Calderaro, Daniela Farsky, Pedro Silvio Colafranceschi , Alexandre Siciliano Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli Vieira , Marcelo Luiz Campos Danzmann, Luiz Claudio Barberato , Silvio Henrique Mady, Charles Martinelli-Filho, Martino Torbey , Ana Flavia Malheiros Schwartzmann, Pedro Vellosa Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli Ferreira , Silvia Moreira Ayub Schmidt, Andre Melo , Marcelo Dantas Tavares de Lima-Filho, Moysés Oliveira Sposito, Andrei C. Brito, Flavio de Souza Biolo, Andreia Madrini-Junior, Vagner Rizk, Stéphanie Itala Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco

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Publication date: 2024-04-08

Abstract: Pt Es En

A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (CMH) é uma forma de doença do músculo cardíaco de causa genética, caracterizada pela hipertrofia das paredes ventriculares. O diagnóstico requer detecção por métodos de imagem (Ecocardiograma ou Ressonância Magnética Cardíaca) de qualquer segmento da parede do ventrículo esquerdo com espessura > 15 mm, sem outra causa provável. A análise genética permite identificar mutações de genes codificantes de diferentes estruturas do sarcômero responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento da CMH em cerca de 60% dos casos, permitindo o rastreio de familiares e aconselhamento genético, como parte importante do manejo dos pacientes e familiares. Vários conceitos sobre a CMH foram recentemente revistos, incluindo sua prevalência de 1 em 250 indivíduos, não sendo, portanto, uma doença rara, mas subdiagnosticada. A vasta maioria dos pacientes é assintomática. Naqueles sintomáticos, a obstrução do trato de saída do ventrículo esquerdo (OTSVE) é o principal distúrbio responsável pelos sintomas, devendo-se investigar a sua presença em todos os casos. Naqueles em que o ecocardiograma em repouso ou com Manobra de Valsalva não detecta gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), devem ser submetidos à ecocardiografia com esforço físico para detecção da OTSVE.   Pacientes com sintomas limitantes e grave OTSVE, refratários ao uso de betabloqueadores e verapamil, devem receber terapias de redução septal ou uso de novas drogas inibidoras da miosina cardíaca. Por fim, os pacientes adequadamente identificados com risco aumentado de morta súbita podem receber medida profilática com implante de cardiodesfibrilador implantável (CDI).

La miocardiopatía hipertrófica (MCH) es una forma de enfermedad cardíaca de origen genético, caracterizada por el engrosamiento de las paredes ventriculares. El diagnóstico requiere la detección mediante métodos de imagen (Ecocardiograma o Resonancia Magnética Cardíaca) que muestren algún segmento de la pared ventricular izquierda con un grosor > 15 mm, sin otra causa probable. El análisis genético permite identificar mutaciones en genes que codifican diferentes estructuras del sarcómero responsables del desarrollo de la MCH en aproximadamente el 60% de los casos, lo que permite el tamizaje de familiares y el asesoramiento genético, como parte importante del manejo de pacientes y familiares. Varios conceptos sobre la MCH han sido revisados recientemente, incluida su prevalencia de 1 entre 250 individuos, por lo tanto, no es una enfermedad rara, sino subdiagnosticada. La gran mayoría de los pacientes son asintomáticos. En los casos sintomáticos, la obstrucción del tracto de salida ventricular izquierdo (TSVI) es el trastorno principal responsable de los síntomas, y su presencia debe investigarse en todos los casos. En aquellos en los que el ecocardiograma en reposo o la maniobra de Valsalva no detecta un gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), deben someterse a ecocardiografía de esfuerzo para detectar la obstrucción del TSVI. Los pacientes con síntomas limitantes y obstrucción grave del TSVI, refractarios al uso de betabloqueantes y verapamilo, deben recibir terapias de reducción septal o usar nuevos medicamentos inhibidores de la miosina cardíaca. Finalmente, los pacientes adecuadamente identificados con un riesgo aumentado de muerte súbita pueden recibir medidas profilácticas con el implante de un cardioversor-desfibrilador implantable (CDI).

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a form of genetically caused heart muscle disease, characterized by the thickening of the ventricular walls. Diagnosis requires detection through imaging methods (Echocardiogram or Cardiac Magnetic Resonance) showing any segment of the left ventricular wall with a thickness > 15 mm, without any other probable cause. Genetic analysis allows the identification of mutations in genes encoding different structures of the sarcomere responsible for the development of HCM in about 60% of cases, enabling screening of family members and genetic counseling, as an important part of patient and family management. Several concepts about HCM have recently been reviewed, including its prevalence of 1 in 250 individuals, hence not a rare but rather underdiagnosed disease. The vast majority of patients are asymptomatic. In symptomatic cases, obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) is the primary disorder responsible for symptoms, and its presence should be investigated in all cases. In those where resting echocardiogram or Valsalva maneuver does not detect significant intraventricular gradient (> 30 mmHg), they should undergo stress echocardiography to detect LVOT obstruction. Patients with limiting symptoms and severe LVOT obstruction, refractory to beta-blockers and verapamil, should receive septal reduction therapies or use new drugs inhibiting cardiac myosin. Finally, appropriately identified patients at increased risk of sudden death may receive prophylactic measure with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.8394

Salicylic acid reduces harmful effects of salt stress in Tropaeolum majus
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Silva, João H. B. da

; Silva, Adjair J. da

; Silva, Toshik I. da

; Henschel, Juliane M.

; Lopes, Adriano S.

; Alves, Júlio C. G.

; Silva, Ramon F. da

; Araújo, Daniele B.

; Santos, João P. de O.

; Martins, Arthur H. P. da C.

; Nascimento, Marlene P. do

; Leal, Márcia P. da S.

; Rego, Mailson M. do

; Dias, Thiago J.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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apr 2024, Volume 28 N. 4 elocation e278566

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O estresse salino limita o crescimento e a fisiologia da capuchinha (Tropaeolum majus), devido a distúrbios bioquímicos, fisiológicos e anatômicos. A aplicação de ácido salicílico é uma alternativa para mitigar os efeitos prejudiciais do estresse salino, no entanto, em capuchinha os estudos são escassos. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de ácido salicílico via foliar em capuchinha cultivada sob estresse salino. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 x 3, referente a 0 (sem estresse) 50 (estresse salino moderado) e 100 (estresse salino severo) mM de NaCl e aplicação de 0, 0,5 e 1 mM de ácido salicílico, com seis repetições. O crescimento (altura de planta, diâmetro do caule e número de folhas), trocas gasosas (condutância estomática, fotossíntese, transpiração, concentração interna de CO2, eficiência intrínseca do uso da água, eficiência instantânea do uso da água e eficiência intrínseca de carboxilação) e os índices de clorofila e fluorescência da clorofila a foram avaliados. O estresse salino afetou as variáveis analisadas neste estudo. A aplicação de ácido salicílico teve um efeito positivo na mitigação dos efeitos do estresse salino severo, resultando em um aumento significativo no número de folhas, sendo a dose mais eficaz a concentração de 1 mM, levando ainda, a melhorias notáveis na eficiência no uso da água e na eficiência fotoquímica. No entanto, as demais combinações de salinidade e ácido salicílico reduziram o crescimento e as trocas gasosas nas plantas de capuchinha. Tropaeolum majus, majus , majus) bioquímicos anatômicos entanto escassos Assim objetivouse objetivou se casualizado sem 5 moderado 10 severo 05 repetições altura planta folhas folhas) condutância estomática fotossíntese transpiração CO2 CO carboxilação avaliados estudo ainda fotoquímica

ABSTRACT Salt stress hampers the growth and physiology of nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus), due to biochemical, physiological, and anatomical disruptions. The application of salicylic acid stands as an alternative to alleviate the detrimental effects of salt stress, but studies on nasturtium are scarce. Thus, the aim of present study was to assess the effects of foliar application of salicylic acid on nasturtium cultivated under salt stress. The experiment followed a completely randomized design in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme, with 0 (no stress), 50 (moderate salt stress), and 100 (severe salt stress) mM of NaCl, and application of 0, 0.5, and 1 mM of salicylic acid, each with six replications. Growth (plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves), gas exchange (stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration, intrinsic water use efficiency, instantaneous water use efficiency, and intrinsic carboxylation efficiency), as well as chlorophyll indices and chlorophyll a fluorescence were evaluated. Salt stress affected the variables analyzed in this study. The application of salicylic acid had a positive effect on mitigating the effects of severe salt stress, resulting in a significant increase in the number of leaves. The most effective dose was 1 mM, also leading to notable improvements in water use efficiency and photochemical efficiency. However, other combinations of salinity and salicylic acid reduced growth and gas exchange in nasturtium plants. Tropaeolum majus, majus , majus) biochemical physiological disruptions scarce Thus scheme no 5 moderate 10 NaCl 05 0.5 replications plant height diameter leaves, leaves leaves) stomatal conductance photosynthesis transpiration CO concentration efficiency) evaluated However plants 0.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v28n4e278566

Infectious etiology and indicators of malabsorption or intestinal injury in childhood diarrhea
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Martins, Adson Santos

; Santos, Samara Alves

; Lisboa, Claudia Alves da Silva

; Barros, Tânia Fraga

; Ribeiro, Tereza Cristina Medrado

; Costa-Ribeiro Junior, Hugo da

; Mattos, Ângela Peixoto de

; Mendes, Patrícia Silva de Almeida

; Mendes, Carlos Maurício Cardeal

; Souza, Edna Lúcia

; Amor, Ana Lúcia Moreno

; Soares, Neci Matos

; Teixeira, Márcia Cristina Aquino

Biomédica

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mar 2024, Volume 44 N. 1 Pages 80 - 91

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction. The multifactorial etiology of gastroenteritis emphasizes the need for different laboratory methods to identify or exclude infectious agents and evaluate the severity of diarrheal disease. Objective. To diagnose the infectious etiology in diarrheic children and to evaluate some fecal markers associated with intestinal integrity. Materials and methods. The study group comprised 45 children with diarrheal disease, tested for enteropathogens and malabsorption markers, and 76 children whose feces were used for fat evaluation by the traditional and acid steatocrit tests. Results. We observed acute diarrhea in 80% of the children and persistent diarrhea in 20%. Of the diarrheic individuals analyzed, 40% were positive for enteropathogens, with rotavirus (13.3%) and Giardia duodenalis (11.1%) the most frequently diagnosed. Among the infected patients, occult blood was more evident in those carrying pathogenic bacteria (40%) and enteroviruses (40%), while steatorrhea was observed in infections by the protozoa G. duodenalis (35.7%). Children with diarrhea excreted significantly more lipids in feces than non-diarrheic children, as determined by the traditional (p<0.0003) and acid steatocrit (p<0.0001) methods. Moreover, the acid steatocrit method detected 16.7% more fecal fat than the traditional method. Conclusions. Childhood diarrhea can lead to increasingly severe nutrient deficiencies. Steatorrhea is the hallmark of malabsorption, and a stool test, such as the acid steatocrit, can be routinely used as a laboratory tool for the semi-quantitative evaluation of fat malabsorption in diarrheic children.

Resumen Introducción. La etiología multifactorial de la gastroenteritis enfatiza la necesidad de usar diferentes métodos de laboratorio para identificar o excluir agentes infecciosos y evaluar la gravedad de la enfermedad diarreica. Objetivo. Diagnosticar la etiología infecciosa de la diarrea en niños y evaluar algunos marcadores fecales asociados con la integridad intestinal. Materiales y métodos. Se estudiaron 45 niños con enfermedad diarreica, en los cuales se evaluaron la presencia de enteropatógenos y los marcadores de malabsorción. Se analizaron las muestras fecales de 76 niños, mediante las pruebas de esteatocrito tradicional y esteatocrito ácido, para la cuantificación de la grasa. Resultados. Se observó diarrea aguda en el 80 % de los niños y diarrea persistente en el 20 %. De los individuos con diarrea, el 40 % fue positivo para enteropatógenos; los más diagnosticados fueron rotavirus (13,3 %) y Giardia duodenalis (11,1 %). Entre los pacientes infectados, la sangre oculta fue más evidente en aquellos portadores de bacterias patógenas (40 %) o enterovirus (40%), mientras que la esteatorrea se observó en infecciones por el protozoo G. duodenalis (35,7 %). Los niños con diarrea excretaron significativamente más lípidos en las heces que aquellos sin diarrea, según lo determinado por los métodos de esteatocrito tradicional (p<0,0003) y esteatocrito ácido (p<0,0001). Conclusiones. La diarrea infantil puede provocar deficiencias graves de nutrientes. La esteatorrea es distintiva de la malabsorción intestinal y puede detectarse mediante la estimación del esteatocrito ácido. Esta prueba podría utilizarse de forma rutinaria como una herramienta de laboratorio para la evaluación semicuantitativa de la malabsorción de grasas en niños con diarrea.

https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.6913

Physicochemical characterization of fruits, biometry and dormancy of marula seeds fruits
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Santos, João Rafael Prudêncio dos

; Maia, Victor Martins

; David, Andréia Marcia Santos de Souza

; Oliveira, Fernanda Soares

; Souza, Mirna Ariane Taveira de Sousa e

; Silva, Bruno Soares da

Ciência Rural

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2024, Volume 54 N. 2 elocation e20220210

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar as características físico-químicas de frutos, biometria e superação da dormência de sementes de marula. Para a caracterização físico-química foram utilizados 200 frutos maduros. Realizou-se a biometria utilizando uma amostra aleatória de 400 sementes e foram avaliados: peso, comprimento, largura e espessura de frutos e sementes. Para o estudo da superação de dormência foram realizados dois experimentos com os tratamentos pré-germinativos constituídos pela imersão das sementes em ácido sulfúrico concentrado (96%) e água a temperatura de 65 ºC por cinco tempos (0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 minutos), sendo o tempo zero a testemunha, onde utilizou-se apenas água destilada, com quatro repetições de 25 sementes por tratamento. Os frutos de marula apresentaram valores médios de 21,65 ± 3,44 g, 35,5±2,38 e 34,8±2,73 mm de peso, diâmetro e comprimento, respectivamente e sólidos solúveis (SS), Potencial Hidrogeniônico ( pH), acidez titulável (AT) e ratio (AT/SS) foram de 14,74 ± 1,0 ºBrix, 3,93 ± 0,49 pH, 0,63 ± 0,22 e 27,07 ± 12,10 respectivamente. As sementes apresentaram valores médios de 3.576 ± 188,4 g para o peso de mil sementes. Para as dimensões, largura, comprimento e diâmetro de sementes, apresentaram valores médios de 22,9 ± 2,11; 23,7 ± 2,04; e 14,9 ± 2,09 mm respectivamente. A imersão das sementes procedentes de frutos recém colhidos em ácido sulfúrico por até 30 minutos e o armazenamento por seismeses promove incrementos na sua qualidade fisiológica. RESUMO Objetivouse Objetivou se físicoquímicas físico químicas físicoquímica química 20 maduros Realizouse Realizou 40 avaliados prégerminativos pré germinativos 96% 96 (96% 6 0, 0 (0 15 4 minutos, , minutos) testemunha utilizouse utilizou destilada 2 tratamento 2165 21 21,6 344 3 44 3,4 355238 35 5 38 35,5±2,3 348273 34 8 73 34,8±2,7 SS, SS (SS) pH pH) AT (AT AT/SS ATSS (AT/SS 1474 14 74 14,7 10 1 1, ºBrix 393 93 3,9 049 49 0,4 063 63 0,6 022 22 0,2 2707 27 07 27,0 1210 12 12,1 3576 576 3.57 1884 188 188, dimensões 229 9 22, 2,11 211 11 237 23 7 23, 2,04 204 04 149 14, 209 09 2,0 fisiológica (96 216 21, 3, 35523 35,5±2, 34827 34,8±2, (SS 147 39 06 02 270 27, 121 12, 357 57 3.5 18 2,1 2, (9 3552 35,5±2 3482 34,8±2 3. 355 35,5± 348 34,8± 35,5 34,8 35, 34,

ABSTRACT: This study recorded the physicochemical properties of the marula fruits, the biometry and breaking the dormancy in the marula seeds. Using 200 ripe fruits, the physicochemical characterization was done. From a random sample of 400 seeds, an assessment of the biometrics was performed, and the weight, length, width and thickness of the fruits and seeds were evaluated. Two experiments were conducted to study dormancy breaking using pre-germination treatments, which included immersing the marula seeds five times (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes) in concentrated sulfuric acid (96%) and water, at 65 ºC temperature. The control was time zero, using plain distilled water, with 25 seeds per treatment and four replications. The marula fruits revealed average values of 21.65 ± 3.44 g, 35.5 ± 2.38 and 34.8 ± 2.73, respectively, for weight, diameter and length. The soluble solids (SS), Hydrogenonic Potential (pH), titratable acidity (AT) and ratio (AT/SS) were 14.74 ± 1.0º Brix, 3.93 ± 0.49 pH, 0.63 ± 0.22 and 27.07 ± 12.10, respectively. For the weight of one thousand seeds, the average value was 3.576 ± 188.4 g. The mean values for the dimensions of the width, length and diameter of the seeds were 22.9 ± 2.11; 23.7 ± 2.04; and 14.9 ± 2.09 mm, respectively. The physiological quality of these seeds was enhanced by immersing the seeds from freshly picked fruits in sulfuric acid for a maximum of 30 minutes and storing them for six months. ABSTRACT 20 done 40 performed evaluated pregermination pre germination treatments 0, 0 (0 15 4 6 96% 96 (96% water temperature zero 2 replications 2165 21 21.6 344 3 44 3.4 g 355 35 5 35. 238 38 2.3 348 34 8 34. 273 73 2.73 respectively SS, SS , (SS) pH (pH) AT (AT AT/SS ATSS (AT/SS 1474 14 74 14.7 10º º 1 0º Brix 393 93 3.9 049 49 0.4 063 63 0.6 022 22 0.2 2707 27 07 27.0 1210 12 10 12.10 3576 576 3.57 1884 188 188. 229 9 22. 2.11 211 11 237 23 7 23. 2.04 204 04 149 14. 209 09 2.0 mm months ( (96 216 21. 3. 2. 2.7 (SS (pH 147 39 0. 06 02 270 27. 121 12.1 357 57 3.5 18 2.1 (9 12.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220210

Spatiotemporal distribution of Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) and its natural enemy Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus) in graniferous sorghum crops
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Lopes, P. C.

; Souza, P. G. C.

; Santos, J. C. B.

; Borges, C. E.

; Araújo, F. H. V.

; Martins, J. C.

; Picanço, M. C.

; Soares, M. A.

; Veloso, R. V. S.

; Oliveira, J. R.

; Rossini, L. C.

; Siqueira, F. C.

; Silva, R. C. da

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e261972

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Em uma escala global o Sorghum bicolor (L.) é uma das culturas mais importantes, ocupando o quinto lugar entre todos os cereais. É cultivada na África, Ásia, Oceania e Américas, onde serve como fonte de alimento e ração para humanos e animais, respectivamente. No entanto, a produção é limitada por vários fatores, incluindo pragas e doenças. Entre as pragas que atacam o sorgo, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), comumente chamado de pulgão verde dos cereais, é a praga mais destrutiva do sorgo. O dano de S. graminum ao sorgo é agravado pelo déficit hídrico que favorece sua ocorrência. Informações limitadas sobre a distribuição espacial da praga e seus inimigos naturais impedem o desenvolvimento de estratégias de manejo ecologicamente corretas. Portanto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a distribuição espaço-temporal de S. graminum e seu inimigo natural Coccinella septempunctata (L.) durante a fase vegetativa e reprodutiva da cultura por meio de análise geoestatística. A distribuição espaço-temporal de S. graminum foi influenciada pelo estágio de desenvolvimento do sorgo, paisagem circundante e presença de seu principal predador C. septempunctata. Além disso, a abundância de C. septempunctata foi influenciada pela densidade de S. graminum. Os resultados deste estudo são necessários para o desenvolvimento de estratégias sustentáveis de manejo de pragas contra S. graminum.

Abstract At the global level, Sorghum bicolor (L.), is one of the most important crops, which ranks fifth among all cereals. It is cultivated in Africa, Asia, Oceania and the Americas, where it serves as a source of food and feed for humans and animals, respectively. However, production is constrained by several factors including pests and diseases. Among the pests that are known to attack Sorghum, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), commonly called the green cereal aphid, is the most destructive pest of sorghum. S. graminum damage to sorghum is worsen by water deficit which favors its occurrence. Limited information on the spatial distribution of the pest and its natural enemies impedes the development of ecologically friendly management strategies. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the spatiotemporal distribution of S. graminum and its natural enemy Coccinella septempunctata (L.) during the vegetative and reproductive stage of the crop using geostatistical analysis. The spatiotemporal distribution of S. graminum was influenced by Sorghum development stage, surrounding landscape, and presence of its main predator C. septempunctata. Moreover, the abundance of C. septempunctata was influenced by the density of S. graminum. The findings from this study are required for developing sustainable pest management strategies against S. graminum.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.261972

Oxidative and osmotolerant effects in Salvator merianae (Squamata: Teiidae) red blood cells during hibernation
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Vicente-Ferreira, G. S.

; Martins, G. S.

; Chaves, N. A.

; Silva, D. G. H.

; Bonini-Domingos, C. R.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e249617

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A hibernação é uma condição natural dos animais que vivem na zona temperada, embora alguns lagartos tropicais também experenciem hibernação anualmente, como é o caso do lagarto nativo da América do Sul, Salvator merianae ou “teiú”. Embora as características fisiológicas e metabólicas associadas à hibernação tenham sido amplamente estudadas, possíveis alterações na integridade das hemácias durante esse período ainda permanecem obscuras. A desidratação e o jejum são consequências naturais da hibernação por vários meses e podem estar relacionadas a algumas modificações celulares. Neste estudo, investigamos se a tolerância osmótica de hemácias do lagarto teiú sob hibernação são diferentes das células obtidas de animais em atividade normal. Além disso, investigamos indiretamente por meio da quantificação de biomoléculas oxidadas e da atividade de enzimas antioxidantes se a membrana das hemácias dos teiús em hibernação poderia estar associada à oxidação. Nossos resultados sugerem que as hemácias possuem maior fragilidade durante o período de hibernação, embora não tenhamos encontrado evidências de um cenário de estresse oxidativo associado à essa fragilidade acentuada. Embora não tenhamos excluído a possibilidade de dano oxidativo durante a hibernação, sugerimos que um aumento no volume das hemácias como consequência de sangue hipoosmótico durante a hibernação também poderia afetar a integridade de hemácias, tal como foi observado.

Abstract Hibernation is a natural condition of animals that lives in the temperate zone, although some tropical lizards also experience hibernation annually, such as the lizard native from South America, Salvator merianae, or “tegu” lizard. Even though physiological and metabolic characteristic associated with hibernation have been extensively studied, possible alterations in the red blood cells (RBC) integrity during this period remains unclear. Dehydration and fasting are natural consequences of hibernating for several months and it could be related to some cellular modifications. In this study, we investigated if the osmotic tolerance of RBCs of tegu lizard under hibernation is different from the cells obtained from animals while normal activity. Additionally, we indirectly investigated if the RBCs membrane of hibernating tegus could be associated with oxidation by quantifying oxidized biomolecules and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Our findings suggest that RBCs are more fragile during the hibernation period, although we did not find evidence of an oxidative stress scenario associated with the accentuated fragility. Even though we did not exclude the possibility of oxidative damage during hibernation, we suggested that an increased RBCs volume as a consequence of hypoosmotic blood during hibernation could also affect RBCs integrity as noted.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.249617 172 downloads

Microstructure Evolution During the Sintering of Freeze-Cast Alumina FreezeCast Freeze Cast
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Athayde, Daniel D.

; Lima, Luiz F.S.

; Weidler, Peter G.

; Silva, Alysson Martins Almeida

; Vasconcelos, Wander L.

Materials Research

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2024, Volume 27 elocation e20230380

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Reports on freeze-cast ceramic materials frequently focus on the study of the organized macroporosity and the properties of the materials. This study aims to describe the microstructure evolution of freeze-cast alumina during the sintering process, analyzing grain growth, densification, pore elimination and crystal structure at different sintering temperatures (1300-1500 °C). Aqueous suspensions with 20 vol% alumina were freeze-cast in liquid N2 and sintered. The microstructure was analyzed by stereological analysis, N2 adsorption and X-ray diffraction. Grain sizes varied within 237-500 nm, and the intergranular porosity decreased from 8.8% at 1300 °C to 1.4% at 1500 °C. N2 isotherm analysis revealed pore shrinking from the region of macro and mesopores (20-80 nm), to smaller residual mesopores (3.7-15 nm) at temperatures above 1400 °C. Rietveld refinement of the XRD diffractograms confirmed increased crystallite size and decreased lattice strain at higher sintering temperatures. This comprehensive description of microstructural evolution of the freeze-cast alumina contributes to understanding the sintering of highly porous ceramics produced via freeze-casting. freezecast freeze cast process growth densification 13001500 (1300-150 C . °C) 2 vol N sintered Xray X ray diffraction 237500 237 500 237-50 nm 88 8 8.8 130 14 1 4 1.4 150 2080 80 (20-8 , 3.715 3715 3.7 15 3 7 (3.7-1 140 freezecasting. freezecasting casting. casting freeze-casting 1300150 (1300-15 23750 23 50 237-5 8. 13 1. 208 (20- 715 3.71 371 37 3. (3.7- 130015 (1300-1 2375 5 237- (20 71 (3.7 13001 (1300- (2 (3. (1300 ( (3 (130 (13 (1

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2023-0380

Assessing the reaction to and efficacy of the Screener drug discovery and development board game as a pedagogical tool in postgraduate courses
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Noël, F.

; Xexéo, G.

; Martins, M.A.

; Silva, E.J.R.

; Pupo, A.S.

; Magalhães, P.J.C.

; Lima-Júnior, R.C.P.

; Gadelha, K.K.L.

; Lima-Silva, K.

; Raimundo, J.M.

; Ghedini, P.C.

; Crespo-Lopez, M.E.

; Arrifano, G.P.

; Ferreira, J.

; Prediger, R.D.

; Militão, G.C.G.

; Oliveira, R.B.

; Hollais, A.W.

; Rodrigues, L.C.M.

; Carvalho, D.T.

; Costa, S.K.P.

; Martins, D.T.O.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2024, Volume 57 elocation e13258

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Screener, a board game supplemented with online resources, was introduced and distributed by the Brazilian Society of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics to postgraduate programs as an instructional tool for the process of drug discovery and development (DDD). In this study, we provided a comprehensive analysis of five critical aspects for evaluating the quality of educational games, namely: 1) description of the intervention; 2) underlying pedagogical theory; 3) identification of local educational gaps; 4) impact on diverse stakeholders; and 5) elucidation of iterative quality enhancement processes. We also present qualitative and quantitative assessments of the effectiveness of this game in 11 postgraduate courses. We employed the MEEGA+ online survey, comprising thirty-three close-ended unipolar items with 5-point Likert-type response scales, to assess student perceptions of the quality and utility of Screener. Based on 115 responses, the results indicated a highly positive outlook among students. In addition, we performed a preliminary evaluation of learning outcomes in two courses involving 28 students. Pre- and post-quizzes were applied, each consisting of 20 True/False questions directly aligned with the game's content. The analysis revealed significant improvement in students' performance following engagement with the game, with scores rising from 8.4 to 13.3 (P<0.0001, paired t-test) and 9.7 to 12.7 (P<0.0001, paired t-test). These findings underscore the utility of Screener as an enjoyable and effective tool for facilitating a positive learning experience in the DDD process. Notably, the game can also reduce the educational disparities across different regions of our continental country. resources DDD. . (DDD) study games namely 1 intervention 2 theory 3 gaps 4 stakeholders 5 processes MEEGA survey thirtythree thirty three closeended close ended 5point point Likerttype Likert type scales responses students addition Pre postquizzes post quizzes applied TrueFalse True False s content 84 8 8. 133 13 13. P<0.0001, P00001 P 0 0001 (P<0.0001 ttest t test t-test 97 9 7 9. 127 12 12. ttest. Notably country (DDD P<0.0001 P0000 000 (P<0.000 P<0.000 P000 00 (P<0.00 P<0.00 P00 (P<0.0 P<0.0 P0 (P<0. P<0. (P<0 P<0 (P< P< (P

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2023e13258

10.

The growth performance and parasite load of angelfish juveniles Pterophyllum scalare kept at different stocking densities in two rearing systems
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Santos, R. F. B.

; Zanella, J.

; Ferreira, A. C. V.

; Couto, M. V.

; Dias, H. M.

; Abe, H. A.

; Ramos, F. M.

; Paixão, P. E. G.

; Martins, M. L.

; Fujimoto, R. Y.

; Honorato, C. A.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e280128

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este estudo avaliou o desempenho de crescimento e a carga parasitária de juvenis de peixe anjo Pterophyllum scalare mantidos em diferentes densidades de estocagem usando dois sistemas de criação. O experimento foi conduzido em esquema fatorial (4 x 2) com quatro densidades de estocagem (0,1, 0,4, 0,7 e 1,0 g/L), dois aquários (aquários de vidro e cerâmica) e quatro repetições. O experimento durou 60 dias utilizando 148 peixes juvenis (3,05 ± 0,09 g) distribuídos aleatoriamente em 32 aquários (50 L) equipados com filtros e aeração. Todos os peixes receberam duas refeições diárias ad libitum (8h e 16h). Parâmetros de qualidade da água como temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, pH e amônia total foram medidos. Ao final do experimento, todos os peixes foram medidos e pesados para determinação do desempenho de crescimento e posteriormente submetidos à análise parasitológica. Os dados foram analisados por meio de ANOVA a dois fatores com teste post-hoc de Tukey (p<0,05). Não foram observados efeitos no desempenho do crescimento em diferentes densidades de estocagem. Entretanto, houve um aumento na infestação por Capillaria pterophylli na alta densidade de estocagem dentro dos aquários cerâmicos. Assim, este estudo recomenda o uso de 1,0 g/L para o sistema intensivo de aquicultura de acarás de água doce, e aplicação de manejo de limpeza para evitar a infestação parasitária, principalmente em aquários cerâmicos. criação 4 ( 2 0,1, 01 0 1 (0,1 04 0,4 07 7 0, 10 1, g/L, gL , g L g/L) cerâmica repetições 6 14 3,05 305 3 05 (3,0 009 09 0,0 50 (5 aeração 8h h 16h. 16h . 16h) temperatura dissolvido parasitológica posthoc post hoc p<0,05. p005 p p<0,05 (p<0,05) Entretanto cerâmicos Assim doce 0,1 (0, 3,0 30 (3, 00 5 p00 p<0,0 (p<0,05 (0 3, (3 p0 p<0, (p<0,0 p<0 (p<0, p< (p<0 (p< (p

Abstract This study evaluated the growth performance and parasite load of angelfish juveniles Pterophyllum scalare kept at different stocking densities using two rearing systems. The experiment was conducted in a factorial design (4x2) with four stocking densities (0.1, 0.4, 0.7, and 1.0 g/L), two type of aquarium tanks (glass and ceramic aquariums), and four replicates. The experiment lasted 60 days using 148 juvenile fish (3.05 ± 0.09 g) randomly placed in 32 aquariums (50 L) equipped with filters and aeration. All fish received two meals a day ad libitum (8:00 and 16:00). Water quality parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and total ammonia were measured. At the end of the experiment, all fish were measured and weighed to determine growth performance and then subjected to parasitological analysis. The data were analyzed with a two-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey test (p<0.05). No effects on growth performance at different stocking densities were observed. However, there was an increase in Capillaria pterophylli infestation in the high stocking density within ceramic aquariums. Thus, this study recommends the use of 1.0 g/L for the intensive aquaculture system of freshwater angelfish, and applying cleaning management to avoid parasite infestation, particularly in ceramic aquariums. systems 4x2 x (4x2 0.1, 01 0 1 (0.1 04 4 0.4 07 7 0.7 10 1. g/L, gL , g L g/L) glass aquariums, aquariums) replicates 6 14 3.05 305 3 05 (3.0 009 09 0.0 50 (5 aeration 800 8 00 (8:0 1600. 1600 16 . 16:00) temperature oxygen pH analysis twoway way posthoc post hoc p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 (p<0.05) observed However Thus 4x (4x 0.1 (0. 0. 3.0 30 (3. 5 ( 80 (8: 160 16:00 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 (0 3. (3 (8 16:0 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 16: p<0 (p<0. p< (p<0 (p< (p

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.280128

11.

CLASSIFICATION OF THE OCCURRENCE OF BROADLEAF WEEDS IN NARROW-LEAF CROPS NARROWLEAF NARROW LEAF
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Martins, Cenneya L.

; Oliveira, Agda L. G.

; Cunha, Isabella A. da

; Oldoni, Henrique

; Pereira, Juliana C.

; Amaral, Lucas R. do

Engenharia Agrícola

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2024, Volume 44 elocation e20230148

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Considering the spectral differences between broadleaf weeds and narrow-leaf crops and the influence of terrain and soil variables on weed infestations, integrating such information into a machine-learning algorithm can lead to accurate weed maps. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of these variables in classifying the occurrence of broadleaf weeds in narrow-leaf crops. Weed data was collected at georeferenced points across two areas covering 200 ha (pasture) and 106 ha (sorghum), creating classes 0 (absence) and 1 (presence). For each sample point, we obtained 11 variables: soil clay content, cation exchange capacity, soil organic matter, terrain elevation, slope, NDVI, EVI, CIgreen, BGND (derived from PlanetScope images), and spatial information (X and Y coordinates). These variables were used as predictors of broadleaf weed presence and absence in the Random Forest classification algorithm. The presence and absence of broadleaf weeds were correctly classified in 84% and 74% of all predictions in the test sample sets for pasture and sorghum areas, respectively. This strategy represents an efficient way to map and manage the occurrence of broadleaf weeds in narrow-leaf crops. narrowleaf narrow leaf infestations machinelearning machine learning maps Therefore 20 (pasture 10 sorghum, , (sorghum) (absence presence. . (presence) point content capacity matter elevation slope NDVI EVI CIgreen derived images, images images) X coordinates. coordinates coordinates) 84 74 respectively 2 (sorghum (presence 8 7

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v44e20230148/2024

12.

Anatomopathological changes in laying quails
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NEIVA, DÉBORA C.

; CANDIDO, MATHEUS J. DOS S.

; ASSIS, AMANDA A.

; TAVARES, THAIS G.

; CORREIA, MÁRCIO P.A.

; SOUZA, EMERSON A. DE O.

; DONATELE, DIRLEI M.

; CRUZ, IGOR C.K. DA

; MARTINS, ISABELLA V.F.

; SILVA, MARIA A. DA

; BOELONI, JANKERLE N.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2024, Volume 96 N. 2 elocation e20230815

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The objective of the current study was to carry out a survey of the main anatomopathological alterations in raising quails and evaluate possible interference of these in the bone tissue. To obtain the data, 23 quails were collected from farm in the central Serrana region of Espírito Santo. Necropsies with macroscopic descriptions, microbiological, coproparasitological, radiographic and histomorphometric tests were carried out. It was done data descriptive analysis and average comparision using Student T test. It was found that they presented lesions predominantly in the digestive system, followed by urinary and reproductive, and muscular system, were the altered color of the liver (47%) was the most frequent lesion. In the parasitological exams, it was found oocysts of Eimeira sp. (39.13%). In the microbiological exams, it was detected predominantly Escherichia coli (83%). Moderate osteopenia in quails, but the percentage of trabecular bone on bones was similar between healthy and diseased quails, without bone changes in histology. Microscopically, it was observed lung congestion as predominant lesion. It is concluded that there was predominance of alterations in the digestive system and mild parasitic infection; and although there was moderate level of osteopenia, there wasn’t bone change as a result of the observed infections. tissue 2 Santo descriptions coproparasitological test reproductive 47% 47 (47% lesion exams sp 39.13%. 3913 39.13% . 39 13 (39.13%) 83%. 83 83% (83%) histology Microscopically infection wasnt wasn t infections 4 (47 391 39.13 3 1 (39.13% 8 (83% (4 39.1 (39.13 (83 ( 39. (39.1 (8 (39. (39 (3

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420230815

13.

Fatigue behavior of sintered, glazed and glass-infiltrated surfaces of 5Y-PSZ bonded plates sintered glassinfiltrated glass infiltrated 5YPSZ YPSZ 5Y PSZ Y
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Silva, Ana Carolina da

; Ortiz, Laura Patrícia Nadal

; Alves, Larissa Márcia Martins

; Dapieve, Kiara Serafini

; Campos, Tiago Moreira Bastos

; Bottino, Marco Antonio

; Thim, Gilmar Patrocínio

; Valandro, Luiz Felipe

; Marinho, Renata Marques de Melo

Brazilian Oral Research

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2024, Volume 38 elocation e027

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of different occlusal surface finishes (glaze and silica glass infiltration) on surface characteristics and fatigue behavior of partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) plates adhesively bonded onto epoxy resin discs. PSZ disc specimens (n = 15; Katana blocks STML, Kuraray Noritake Dental) were produced (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 1.2 mm) and allocated into 3 groups: As sintered (S), silica glass infiltration (SGI), and glaze application (G). The PSZ intaglio surface was air-abraded with 50-µm alumina powder followed by bonding agent application. All produced PSZ were adhesively cemented onto dentin analogue discs made of epoxy resin material (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 2 mm). Step stress fatigue test was performed (load ranging from 200 to 1800 N; step size 100 N and 10,000 cycles; 20 Hz). The topographic, microstructural, and fractographic analyses were performed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: No statistically significant difference in fatigue behavior was detected among the groups. All failures started at the bonding surface. Silica glass-infiltration and glaze layer application provided a smoothing effect, while the sintered group had a surface with grooves. The occlusal surface finishing method (silica glass infiltration or glazing) had no deleterious effect on fatigue behavior of adhesively bonded PSZ plates. (PSZ n 15 STML Dental Ø 1 mm 12 1. groups S, S , (S) SGI, SGI (SGI) G. G . (G) airabraded air abraded 50µm µm 50 mm. load 180 10000 000 10,00 cycles Hz. Hz Hz) topographic microstructural microscopy Results glassinfiltration grooves glazing (S (SGI (G 5 18 1000 00 10,0 0 10,

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0027

14.

BOAS PRÁTICAS E EQUÍVOCOS NAS MEDIDAS DE ATIVIDADE CATALÍTICA DE MATERIAIS EM TERMOCATÁLISE
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Martins, Leandro

; Silva, Laura L.

; Possato, Luiz G.

Química Nova

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2024, Volume 47 N. 2 elocation e-20230099

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

As catalysis grows as a multidisciplinary research area, many questions arise regarding the procedures used to determine the activity of materials in different chemical reactions. To correct inconsistencies, whether in definitions, concepts, or experimental methods, some catalysis science journals have been publishing editorials warning less-aware authors. In this work, we present some common concepts and procedures in thermo-catalysis, reviewing good practices and pointing out frequent failures that make it difficult to reliably compare the activity between materials of the same family and results from the scientific literature. area reactions inconsistencies definitions methods lessaware less aware authors work thermocatalysis, thermocatalysis thermo catalysis, thermo-catalysis literature

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230099

15.

Reproductive biology of Donax striatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mollusca: Bivalvia) on Gado Bravo Beach, municipality of Tibau do Norte, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil Linnaeus, Linnaeus (Linnaeus 1758 Mollusca (Mollusca Bivalvia Beach Norte 175 17 1
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Pereira, J. N.

; Martins, I. X.

; Barreira, C. A. Rocha

; Oliveira, M. F.

; Silva, G. B.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e282016

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Aspectos da biologia reprodutiva de Donax striatus foram estudados. Os indivíduos foram coletados mensalmente de fevereiro de 2021 a janeiro de 2022 na praia Gado Bravo, no município de Tibau do Norte, estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Donax striatus é uma espécie dióica sem dimorfismo macroscópico externo (na concha) ou interno (gônadas). Assim, é necessário um exame microscópico das células reprodutivas. Para a caracterização dos estágios de desenvolvimento gonadal e determinação do tamanho na primeira maturidade sexual (L50), 30 espécimes foram selecionados mensalmente entre fevereiro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022 e submetidos ao processamento histológico. O índice de Condição (IC) de cada indivíduo foi estimado e as variações mensais foram estatisticamente avaliadas. O tamanho de primeira maturação (L50) foi estimado em 14,2 mm de comprimento de concha. Para promover a conservação da espécie, recomenda-se a captura de indivíduos maiores que 14,2 mm. Os menores índices de condição foram encontrados na estação seca, com maior ocorrência de organismos em fase de eliminação e exibindo reorganização do tecido gonadal. Índices maiores foram encontrados no período chuvoso, com presença de indivíduos maduros. A natureza contínua da gametogênese em Donax stritatus reflete a influência das chuvas na região. Machos e fêmeas apresentam pico de eliminação de gametas com pausas durante o ano, mas com presença de indivíduos em maturação e eliminação ao longo do ano. Como a mariscagem visando Donax striatus é excessiva na Praia de Gado Bravo, no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, espera-se que os resultados do presente estudo possam contribuir para o estabelecimento de medidas de manejo da atividade e estratégias de conservação da espécie. estudados 202 Bravo Norte Brasil concha gônadas. gônadas . (gônadas) Assim reprodutivas L50, L50 L , 3 histológico IC (IC avaliadas (L50 142 14 2 14, recomendase recomenda se seca chuvoso maduros região ano esperase espera 20 (gônadas L5 (L5 1 (L

Abstract Aspects of the reproductive biology of Donax striatus were studied from individuals collected from Gado Bravo Beach in the municipality of Tibau do Norte, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Donax striatus is a dioic species without external (on the shell) or internal (gonads) macroscopic dimorphism. Thus, a microscopic examination of the reproductive cells is necessary. For the characterization of the gonadal development stages and determination of the size at first sexual maturity (L50), 30 specimens were selected monthly between February 2021 and January 2022 and submitted to histological processing. The condition index (CI) of each individual was estimated and monthly variations were statistically assessed. The size at first maturity (L50) was estimated to be 14.2 mm in shell length. To foster conservation of the species, catches of individuals larger than 14.2 mm is recommended. The lowest condition indices were found in the dry season, with a greater occurrence of organisms in the elimination stage and exhibiting gonad tissue reorganization. Higher indices were found in the rainy season, with the presence of mature individuals. The continuous nature of gametogenesis in Donax stritatus reflects the influence of rainfall in the region. Males and females have peak gamete elimination with pauses during the year, but with the presence of maturing and eliminating individuals throughout the year. As shellfish gathering targeting Donax striatus is excessive on Gado Bravo Beach in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, it is hoped that the results of the present study can contribute to the establishment of management measures for the activity and conservation strategies for the species. Norte Brazil gonads (gonads dimorphism Thus necessary L50, L50 L , 3 202 processing CI (CI assessed (L50 142 14 2 14. length recommended season reorganization region year L5 20 (L5 1 (L

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.282016

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