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au:Marino, Celso Luis

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Seleção de genótipos de eucalipto resistentes à ferrugem (Puccinia psidii) através de parâmetros monocíclicos
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Ferreira, Karina Carnielli Zamprogno

; Marino, Celso Luis

; Furtado, Edson Luiz

Summa Phytopathologica

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jun 2017, Volume 43 N. 2 Pages 103 - 110

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A variabilidade genética dentro do gênero Eucalyptus para resistência à doenças e a fatores abióticos estão presentes, particularmente, com a ferrugem do eucalipto (Puccinia psidii WINTER), cuja primeira medida de controle é evitar o plantio comercial de materiais suscetíveis. A busca de caracteres quantitativos da resistência pode levar a genótipos superiores com resistência mais durável. Por isso, este estudo objetivou identificar parâmetros monocíclicos de avaliação da ferrugem em eucalipto, mais proximamente relacionados à resistência genética e estabelecer um ranking com os genótipos de maior resistência à ferrugem para compor um programa de melhoramento genético, além de relacionar a resposta do hospedeiro às vias metabólicas de defesa. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo comparativo entre a avaliação da ferrugem no campo, com auxilio de escala qualitativa de severidade da doença com parâmetros monocíclicos quantitativos da doença em ambiente controlado. O predomínio de indivíduos suscetíveis indicou possíveis distorções de segregação nos cruzamentos, corroborando com hipóteses de estudos anteriores. Os resultados demonstraram, que o gene de resistência presente nesta população é dependente da ação de outros genes indiretamente relacionados à resistência e que participam das vias metabólicas de defesa das plantas.

ABSTRACT Genetic variability within the genus Eucalyptus for resistance to diseases and abiotic factors is present, especially for eucalyptus rust (Puccinia psidii WINTER), the first control measure of which is to prevent commercial planting of susceptible plants. Search for quantitative resistance traits can lead to superior genotypes with durable resistance. This study aimed to identify monocyclic parameters for evaluating rust in eucalyptus, most closely related to genetic resistance, and to establish a ranking of genotypes with greater resistance to rust in order to prepare a breeding program, besides relating the host response to the plant defense pathways. Therefore, a comparative study was conducted between assessment of rust in the field, based on a qualitative disease severity scale, and quantitative monocyclic parameters of the disease in a controlled environment. Prevalence of susceptible individuals indicated possible segregation distortions, corroborating hypotheses of previous studies. Results showed that the resistance gene present in this population is dependent on the action of other genes that are indirectly related to resistance and that participate in the metabolic defense pathways of Eucalyptus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/2062 1802 downloads

Genome-wide analysis of EgEVE_1, a transcriptionally active endogenous viral element associated to small RNAs in Eucalyptus genomes
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Marcon, Helena Sanches

; Costa-Silva, Juliana

; Lorenzetti, Alan Péricles Rodrigues

; Marino, Celso Luis

; Domingues, Douglas Silva

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2017, Volume 40 N. 1 Pages 217 - 225

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) are the result of heritable horizontal gene transfer from viruses to hosts. In the last years, several EVE integration events were reported in plants by the exponential availability of sequenced genomes. Eucalyptus grandis is a forest tree species with a sequenced genome that is poorly studied in terms of evolution and mobile genetic elements composition. Here we report the characterization of E. grandis endogenous viral element 1 (EgEVE_1), a transcriptionally active EVE with a size of 5,664 bp. Phylogenetic analysis and genomic distribution demonstrated that EgEVE_1 is a newly described member of the Caulimoviridae family, distinct from the recently characterized plant Florendoviruses. Genomic distribution of EgEVE_1 and Florendovirus is also distinct. EgEVE_1 qPCR quantification in Eucalyptus urophylla suggests that this genome has more EgEVE_1 copies than E. grandis. EgEVE_1 transcriptional activity was demonstrated by RT-qPCR in five Eucalyptus species and one intrageneric hybrid. We also identified that Eucalyptus EVEs can generate small RNAs (sRNAs),that might be involved in de novo DNA methylation and virus resistance. Our data suggest that EVE families in Eucalyptus have distinct properties, and we provide the first comparative analysis of EVEs in Eucalyptus genomes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0086 1262 downloads

Variations in the sensitivity of different primers for detecting Wolbachia in Anastrepha (diptera: tephritidae)
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Marcon, Helena Sanches

; Coscrato, Virgínia Elias

; Selivon, Denise

; Perondini, André Luiz Paranhos

; Marino, Celso Luis

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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jun 2011, Volume 42 N. 2 Pages 778 - 785

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Wolbachia are endosymbiont bacteria of the family Rickettsiacea that are widespread in invertebrates and occur between 20% and 60% of Neotropical insects. These bacteria are responsible for reproductive phenomena such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, male killing, feminization and parthenogenesis. Supergroups A and B of Wolbachia are common in insects and can be identified using primers for 16S rDNA, ftsZ and wsp; these primers vary in their ability to detect Wolbachia. The ftsZ primer was the first primer used to detect Wolbachia in Anastrepha fruit flies. The primers for 16S rDNA, ftsZ and wsp and the corresponding PCR conditions have been optimized to study the distribution of Wolbachia and their effect on the biology of Anastrepha in Brazil. In this work, we examined the ability of these primers to detect Wolbachia in Anastrepha populations from three regions in the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. All of the samples were positive for Wolbachia supergroup A when screened with primers for 16S A rDNA and wsp A; the wsp B primer also gave a positive result, indicating cross-reactivity. The ftsZ primer showed a poor ability to detect Wolbachia in Anastrepha and generated false negatives in 44.9% of the samples. These findings indicate that reliable PCR detection of Wolbachia requires the use of primers for 16S rDNA and wsp to avoid cross-reactions and false negatives, and that the ftsZ primer needs to be redesigned to improve its selectivity.

2556 downloads

Diversidade genética em populações-núcleo de Eucalyptus grandis
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Souza, Helenize Gabriela de

; Doria, Karolina Marie Alix Benedictte Van Sebroech

; Basseto, Marco Antonio

; Rosa, Daniel Dias

; Furtado, Edson Luiz

; Marino, Celso Luis

Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy

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dec 2010, Volume 32 N. 4 Pages 621 - 625

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

No melhoramento genético de espécies florestais, uma população base ou indivíduos superiores pré-selecionados tem importância fundamental para a manutenção do programa. Indivíduos de melhores procedências e de ampla base genética propiciam a obtenção de ganhos de forma contínua. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade genética em duas populações-núcleo de Eucalyptus grandis. Foram avaliados 39 indivíduos, sendo 19 pertencentes à população 1 e 20, à população 2, utilizando-se 14 primers microssatélite. Os fragmentos foram identificados e analisados a partir dos programas GeneScan e Genotyper, utilizando-se um sequenciador automático ABI Prism 3100. O número de alelos encontrados para cada primer variou de cinco a 15 para a população 1 e, de 8 a 18 para a população 2. A heterozigosidade estimada foi maior na população 2, 0,869, contra 0,843 na população 1. A média da distância genética entre os indivíduos da população 1 foi 0,6220 e na população 2 foi 0,6112. Com a caracterização molecular dos indivíduos destas populações foi construído um banco de dados que permitirá, a partir dos parâmetros de genética de populações, monitorar esses programas de melhoramento em diferentes ciclos de seleção.

In genetic breeding of forest species, a base population or pre-selected higher individuals have a fundamental importance to program maintenance due to their better origins and large genetic basis, which continuously propitiates gains. The aim of this study was to verify the variability level in two Eucalyptus grandis nucleus populations. Thus, 39 individuals were evaluated - 19 in population 1, and 20 in population 2. Fourteen microsatellite primers were measured, identified and analyzed using GeneScan and Genotyper software through an ABI Prism 3100 automatic sequencer. The number of alleles in each primer varied between 5 and 15 in population 1, and from 8 to 18 in population 2. Heterozygosity was higher in population 2 - 0.869, versus 0.843 in population 1. Mean genetic distance among individuals was 0.6220 in population 1 and 0.6112 in population 2. After individual molecular characterization, a database was compiled to allow the control of these improvement programs in different selection cycles based on population genetic parameters.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v32i4.3727 2382 downloads

Eucalyptus ESTs involved in mechanisms against plant pathogens and environmental stresses
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Rosa, Daniel Dias

; Furtado, Edson Luiz

; Boava, Leonardo Pires

; Marino, Celso Luis

; Mori, Edson Seizo

; Guerrini, Iraê Amaral

; Veline, Edivaldo Domingues

; Wilcken, Carlos Frederico

Summa Phytopathologica

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dec 2010, Volume 36 N. 4 Pages 282 - 290

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A cultura do Eucalipto tem importância econômica muito elevada no Brasil e vem sofrendo inúmeros ataques de patógenos, além de essa cultura estar sujeita aos inúmeros estresses ambientais. A resistência e sobrevivência desta cultura frente às circunstâncias ambientais desfavoráveis, e ataques de pragas e doenças, revelaram que o Eucalipto apresenta um sistema de defesa evoluído e altamente eficiente. Aqui nós apresentamos os resultados obtidos no projeto do genoma de ESTs do Eucalyptus (FORESTs). Agrupando as seqüências de cDNA expressas (ESTs) obtidas pelo projeto, montou-se grupos (contigs) de seqüências similares provenientes de cada biblioteca de cDNA induzidas e não induzidas por agentes estressantes, identificou-se os grupos de seqüências de cDNA similares a outras moléculas já conhecidas, como moléculas de plantas-sinalizadoras, fitoalexinas e biossíntese de vias de lignina, proteínas-RP e supostos genes correspondendo às enzimas envolvidas na detoxificação de moléculas de oxigênio reativo. Apresentamos também, considerações gerais sobre os mecanismos de defesa do Eucalipto contra o estresse biótico e abiótico. Estas informações são de extraordinário valor para a produção de Eucalipto e ajudaram no futuro a direcionar programas de melhoramento do Eucalipto, visando assim obter plantas com melhor resistência contra os patógenos e estresses ambientais.

Eucalypt plantation has high economical importance in Brazil; however, it has been attacked by various pathogens under different environmental stress conditions. Disease resistance and survival under unfavorable environmental conditions have revealed that the eucalypt has developed highly efficient defense systems. Here we show the results of the Eucalyptus ESTs Genome Project (FORESTs). Using the expressed sequence tags (ESTs) obtained by the Project, contigs of similar sequences from each cDNA library induced and not induced by stress agents were formed, and cDNA sequences similar to other already known molecules, such as plant-signaling molecules, phytoalexins, lignin biosynthesis pathways, PR-proteins and putative genes corresponding to enzymes involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species, were identified. We also present general considerations about the mechanisms of Eucalyptus defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. These data are of extreme importance for future eucalypt breeding programs aimed at developing plants with enhanced resistance against pathogens and environmental stresses.

5564 downloads

RAPD analysis of genetic variability in a multiprovenance base population of Eucalyptus grandis hill ex maiden
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Leite, Susi Meire Maximino

; Mori, Édson Seizo

; Valle, Celina Ferraz do

; Bonine, César Augusto Valencise

; Marino, Celso Luís

Revista Árvore

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dec 2008, Volume 32 N. 6 Pages 961 - 967

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este estudo visou avaliar a variabilidade e distância genética dentro de uma população-base de melhoramento genético de Eucalyptus grandis. A avaliação da variabilidade genética tem como objetivos principais analisar a base genética da população-base e montar um banco de dados marcadores moleculares da população em análise. Essa população é formada por 327 indivíduos, principalmente das procedências de Coff's Harbour, Atherton e Rio Claro. Devido à heterozigosidade natural dessa população, ela pode ser dividida em diversas subpopulações, de acordo com a latitude e longitude de origem; e dentro de subpopulações, em função do grau de melhoramento genético já realizado do material analisado no Brasil. Isso permitiu avaliar quanto da variabilidade detectada dentro da população-base foi devido a esses fatores: procedência e grau de melhoramento. A aplicação da técnica RAPD permitiu avaliar 70 locos polimórficos, que foram analisados utilizando-se o coeficiente de Jaccard, o que resultou em matrizes de similaridade genética entre os indivíduos. Os dados de similaridade genética posteriormente foram submetidos à análise estatística. Osdados indicaram que a população-base apresenta ampla base genética, com média de similaridade genética de 0,328. O subgrupo denominado Região 3, composto por material selvagem da macrorregião de Atherton, juntamente com material de APS da macrorregião de Coff's Harbour, foi um dos que mais contribuíram para a ampla base genética da população-base. Foi possível detectar diferença estatística entre as populações selvagens das procedências de Atherton e Coff's Harbour, assim como entre essas procedências e a de Rio Claro.

This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variability among individuals of a base population of Eucalyptus grandis and to build a molecular marker database for the analyzed populations. The Eucalyptus grandis base population comprised 327 individuals from Coff's Harbour, Atherton and Rio Claro. A few plants came from other sites (Belthorpe MT. Pandanus, Kenilworth, Yabbra, etc.). Since this base population had a heterogeneous composition, the groups were divided according to geographic localization (latitude and longitude), and genetic breeding level. Thus, the influence of those two factors (geographic localization and genetic breeding level) on the genetic variability detected was discussed. The RAPD technique allowed the evaluation of 70 loci. The binary matrix was used to estimate the genetic similarity among individuals using Jaccard's Coefficient. Parametric statistical tests were used to compare within-group similarity of the means. The obtained results showed that the base population had wide genetic variability and a mean genetic similarity of 0.328. Sub-group 3 (wild materials from the Atherton region) showed mean genetic similarity of 0.318. S.P.A. (from Coff's Harbour region) had a mean genetic similarity of 0.322 and was found to be very important for maintenance of variation in the base population. This can be explained since the individuals from those groups accounted for most of the base population (48.3% for it). The base population plants with genetic similarity higher than 0.60 should be phenotypically analyzed again in order to clarify the tendency of genetic variability during breeding programs.

1798 downloads

Boron influence on concentration of polyols and other sugars in Eucalyptus
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Leite, Susi Meire Maximino

; Valle, Celina Ferraz do

; Bonine, César Augusto Valencise

; Marino, Celso Luís

Revista Árvore

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oct 2008, Volume 32 N. 5 Pages 815 - 820

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Embora a função do elemento Boro (B) nas plantas ainda não tenha sido bem esclarecida, várias hipóteses vêm sido levantadas. Uma das funções atribuídas a esse elemento é a síntese de carboidratos. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do B sobre a síntese de alguns polióis e açúcares em Eucalyptus grandis e híbridos "urograndis", estes foram submetidos à situação de suprimento e restrição de B. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação de acordo com o delineamento de blocos casualizados com cinco repetições, e os elementos nutricionais, assim como o B, foram fornecidos na forma de solução nutritiva. Não se observou diferença significativa nos teores de manitol, sorbitol, myo-inositol e scyllo-inositol e dos açúcares α-glicose e β-glicose entre E. grandis e híbridos. Arabinose foi o único a apresentar maior teor em E. grandis em restrição de B. O efeito da presença do B foi bastante expressivo, mas em suprimento do elemento as plantas apresentaram acréscimo significativo na síntese dos compostos avaliados.

Although the functions of the element Boron (B) in plants have not been sufficiently clarified, several hypotheses have been raised. Some of the functions attributed to this element are synthesis and transport of carbohydrates. To evaluate the effect of B on the synthesis of some polyols and sugars in Eucalyptus grandis and hybrids "urograndis", these species were submitted to situations of supply and restriction of B. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, arranged in a randomized block design in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme, with 5 replicates of each genotype. The B levels were provided in the form of nutrient solution. No significant difference was observed in the content of mannitol, sorbitol, myo-inositol and scyllo-inositol and sugars α-glucose and β-glucose between E. grandis and hybrids. Arabinose was the only one to present a higher content in E. grandis on restriction of B. The effect of the presence of B was very expressive, but regarding B supply, the plants showed significant increase in the synthesis of the compounds evaluated.

2597 downloads

IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE MARCADOR RAPD E SCAR RELACIONADOS AO CARACTERE FLORESCIMENTO PRECOCE EM Eucalyptus grandis
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Domingues, Douglas Silva

; Farro, Ana Paula Cazerta

; Coscrato, Virgínia Elias

; Mello, Eduardo José de

; Oda, Shinitiro

; Marino, Celso Luís

Ciência Florestal

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sep 2006, Volume 16 N. 3 Pages 251 - 260

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO No melhoramento genético de eucalipto, existem ainda poucos instrumentos disponíveis para acelerar a seleção de genótipos superiores, e uma das principais estratégias sugeridas para se acelerar este processo é a identificação de marcadores moleculares ligados a caracteres de interesse. Foram avaliados 81 marcadores RAPD em uma progênie F1 de Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden segregante para o caractere florescimento precoce utilizando-se a técnica de Bulked Segregant Analysis (BSA). Dentre esses marcadores, um se mostrou relacionado ao caractere, sendo então convertido em Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR), avaliado em cada indivíduo da progênie e validado em outras progênies que apresentam o caractere. O SCAR mostrou-se informativo na progênie que apresenta um dos parentais como doador do fragmento polimórfico, com eficiência de 60%. Esses resultados descrevem o primeiro marcador SCAR desenvolvido para eucalipto e confirmam a utilidade da técnica de BSA como ferramenta molecular no melhoramento genético florestal e que poderia ser empregada para localização de marcadores ligados a diferentes caracteres silviculturais.

ABSTRACT There are few available tools in eucalyptus breeding to accelerate the selection of superior genotypes, and one of the main tools to improve this process is the use of molecular markers linked to traits of interest. Using “Bulked Segregant Analysis”, we evaluated 81 RAPD molecular markers in a Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden progeny that segregates for early flowering, and one marker was identified as related to this trait. This RAPD marker was converted into a Sequence-Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR), which was then evaluated in a F1 progeny, and validated in other progenies that presents this trait. The SCAR marker was informative in the progeny in which one of the parental was the donor of the band, with an efficiency of 60%. These results describe the first SCAR marker developed for eucalypt and confirm this technique as a useful molecular tool for forestry breeding which could be employed to locate markers linked to other silvicultural traits.

https://doi.org/10.5902/198050981906 1047 downloads

Brazilian coffee genome project: an EST-based genomic resource
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Vieira, Luiz Gonzaga Esteves

; Andrade, Alan Carvalho

; Colombo, Carlos Augusto

; Moraes, Ana Heloneida de Araújo

; Metha, Ângela

; Oliveira, Angélica Carvalho de

; Labate, Carlos Alberto

; Marino, Celso Luis

; Monteiro-Vitorello, Claúdia de Barros

; Monte, Damares de Castro

; Giglioti, Éder

; Kimura, Edna Teruko

; Romano, Eduardo

; Kuramae, Eiko Eurya

; Lemos, Eliana Gertrudes Macedo

; Almeida, Elionor Rita Pereira de

; Jorge, Érika C.

; Albuquerque, Érika V. S.

; Silva, Felipe Rodrigues da

; Vinecky, Felipe

; Sawazaki, Haiko Enok

; Dorry, Hamza Fahmi A.

; Carrer, Helaine

; Abreu, Ilka Nacif

; Batista, João A. N.

; Teixeira, João Batista

; Kitajima, João Paulo

; Xavier, Karem Guimarães

; Lima, Liziane Maria de

; Camargo, Luis Eduardo Aranha de

; Pereira, Luiz Filipe Protasio

; Coutinho, Luiz Lehmann

; Lemos, Manoel Victor Franco

; Romano, Marcelo Ribeiro

; Machado, Marcos Antonio

; Costa, Marcos Mota do Carmo

; Sá, Maria Fátima Grossi de

; Goldman, Maria Helena S.

; Ferro, Maria Inês T.

; Tinoco, Maria Laine Penha

; Oliveira, Mariana C.

; Van Sluys, Marie-Anne

; Shimizu, Milton Massao

; Maluf, Mirian Perez

; Eira, Mirian Therezinha Souza da

; Guerreiro Filho, Oliveiro

; Arruda, Paulo

; Mazzafera, Paulo

; Mariani, Pilar Drummond Sampaio Correa

; Oliveira, Regina L.B.C. de

; Harakava, Ricardo

; Balbao, Silvia Filippi

; Tsai, Siu Mui

; Mauro, Sonia Marli Zingaretti di

; Santos, Suzana Neiva

; Siqueira, Walter José

; Costa, Gustavo Gilson Lacerda

; Formighieri, Eduardo Fernandes

; Carazzolle, Marcelo Falsarella

; Pereira, Gonçalo Amarante Guimarães

Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology

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mar 2006, Volume 18 N. 1 Pages 95 - 108

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O café é um dos principais produtos agrícolas, sendo considerado o segundo item em importância do comércio internacional de "commodities". O gênero Coffea pertence à família Rubiaceae que também inclui outras plantas importantes. Este gênero contém aproximadamente 100 espécies, mas a produção comercial é baseada somente em duas espécies, Coffea arabica e Coffea canephora, que representam aproximadamente 70 % e 30 % do mercado total de café, respectivamente. O Projeto Genoma Café Brasileiro foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de disponibilizar os modernos recursos da genômica à comunidade científica e aos diferentes segmentos da cadeia produtiva do café. Para isso, foram seqüenciados 214.964 clones escolhidos aleatoriamente de 37 bibliotecas de cDNA de C. arabica, C. canephora e C. racemosa representando estádios específicos do desenvolvimento de células e de tecidos do cafeeiro, resultando em 130.792, 12.381 e 10.566 seqüências de cada espécie, respectivamente, após processo de trimagem. Os ESTs foram agrupados em 17.982 contigs e em 32.155 singletons. A comparação destas seqüências pelo programa BLAST revelou que 22 % não tiveram nenhuma similaridade significativa às seqüências no banco de dados do National Center for Biotechnology Information (de função conhecida ou desconhecida). A base de dados de ESTs do cafeeiro resultou na identificação de cerca de 33.000 unigenes diferentes. Os resultados de anotação das seqüências foram armazenados em base de dados "online" em <A HREF="http://www.lge.ibi.unicamp.br/cafe">http://www.lge.ibi.unicamp.br/cafe</A>. Os recursos desenvolvidos por este projeto disponibilizam ferramentas genéticas e genômicas que podem ser decisivas para a sustentabilidade, a competitividade e a futura viabilidade da agroindústria cafeeira nos mercados interno e externo.

Coffee is one of the most valuable agricultural commodities and ranks second on international trade exchanges. The genus Coffea belongs to the Rubiaceae family which includes other important plants. The genus contains about 100 species but commercial production is based only on two species, Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora that represent about 70 % and 30 % of the total coffee market, respectively. The Brazilian Coffee Genome Project was designed with the objective of making modern genomics resources available to the coffee scientific community, working on different aspects of the coffee production chain. We have single-pass sequenced a total of 214,964 randomly picked clones from 37 cDNA libraries of C. arabica, C. canephora and C. racemosa, representing specific stages of cells and plant development that after trimming resulted in 130,792, 12,381 and 10,566 sequences for each species, respectively. The ESTs clustered into 17,982 clusters and 32,155 singletons. Blast analysis of these sequences revealed that 22 % had no significant matches to sequences in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database (of known or unknown function). The generated coffee EST database resulted in the identification of close to 33,000 different unigenes. Annotated sequencing results have been stored in an online database at <A HREF="http://www.lge.ibi.unicamp.br/cafe">http://www.lge.ibi.unicamp.br/cafe</A>. Resources developed in this project provide genetic and genomic tools that may hold the key to the sustainability, competitiveness and future viability of the coffee industry in local and international markets.

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10.

Boron transport in Eucalyptus. 2. Identification in silico of a putative boron transporter for xylem loading in eucalypt
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Domingues, Douglas Silva

; Leite, Susi Meire Maximino

; Farro, Ana Paula Cazerta

; Coscrato, Virgínia Elias

; Mori, Edson Seizo

; Furtado, Edson Luiz

; Wilcken, Carlos Frederico

; Velini, Edivaldo Domingues

; Guerrini, Iraë Amaral

; Maia, Ivan Godoy

; Marino, Celso Luis

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2005, Volume 28 N. 3 Pages 625 - 629

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Boron (B) is a low mobility plant micronutrient whose molecular mechanisms of absorption and translocation are still controversial. Many factors are involved in tolerance to Boron excess or deficiency. Recently, the first protein linked to boron transport in biological systems, BOR1, was characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana. This protein is involved in boron xylem loading and is similar to bicarbonate transporters found in animals. There are indications that BOR1 is a member of a conserved protein family in plants. In this work, FORESTS database was used to identify sequences similar to this protein family, looking for a probable BOR1 homolog in eucalypt. We found five consensus sequences similar to BOR1; three of them were then used in multiple alignment analysis. Based on amino acid similarity and in silico expression patterns, a consensus sequence was identified as a candidate BOR1 homolog, helping deeper experimental assays that could identify the function of this protein family in Eucalyptus.

2369 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

11.

Eucalyptus ESTs associated with resistance to herbicide inhibitors of aromatic and branched-chain amino acid synthesis
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Velini, Edivaldo Domingues

; Trindade, Maria Lúcia Bueno

; Alves, Elza

; Catâneo, Ana Catarina

; Marino, Celso Luis

; Maia, Ivan de Godoy

; Mori, Edson Seizo

; Furtado, Edson Luiz

; Guerrini, Iraê Amaral

; Wilcken, Carlos Frederico

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2005, Volume 28 N. 3 Pages 575 - 581

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Herbicides inhibit enzymatic systems of plants. Acetolactate synthase (ALS, EC = 4.1.3.18) and 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS, EC 2.5.1.19) are key enzymes for herbicide action. Hundreds of compounds inhibit ALS. This enzyme is highly variable, enabling the selective control of weeds in a number of crops. Glyphosate, the only commercial herbicide inhibiting EPSPS is widely used for non-selective control of weeds in many crops. Recently, transgenic crops resistant to glyphosate were developed and have been used by farmers. The aim of this study was the data mining of eucalypt expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in the FORESTs Genome Project database (<A HREF="https://forests.esalq.usp.br">https://forests.esalq.usp.br</A>) related to these enzymes. Representative amino acid sequences from the NCBI database associated with ALS and EPSPS were blasted with ESTs from the FORESTs database using the tBLASTx option of the blast tool. The best blasting reads and clusters from FORESTs, represented as nucleotide sequences, were blasted back with the NCBI database to evaluate the level of similarity with available sequences from different species. One and seven clusters were identified as showing high similarity with EPSPS and ALS sequences from the literature, respectively. The alignment of EPSPS sequences allowed the identification of conserved regions that can be used to design specific primers for additional sequencings.

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12.

Eucalyptus ESTs corresponding to the enzyme glutamine synthetase and the protein D1, sites of action of herbicides that cause oxidative stress
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Velini, Edivaldo Domingues

; Trindade, Maria Lúcia Bueno

; Alves, Elza

; Catâneo, Ana Catarina

; Marino, Celso Luis

; Maia, Ivan de Godoy

; Mori, Edson Seizo

; Furtado, Edson Luiz

; Guerrini, Iraê Amaral

; Wilcken, Carlos Frederico

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2005, Volume 28 N. 3 Pages 555 - 561

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This work was aimed at locating Eucalyptus ESTs corresponding to the GS enzyme (Glutamine Synthetase, EC = 6.3.1.2) and to the D1 protein, which are directly related to resistance to herbicides that promote oxidative stress. Glutamine Synthetase corresponds to the site of action of the herbicide glufosinate. Herbicides that belong to groups such as ureas, uracils, triazines and triazinones act on the D1-Qb complex (receptor of electrons from the Photosystem II) by inactivating it. The clusters EGEQRT3302E01.g, EGEQRT3001F12.b; EGEZLV1203B04.g; EGBGFB1211H06.g and EGEZLV1205F09.g enclosed complete sequences (with 356 amino acids) of the Glutamine Synthetase enzyme. The cluster EGEQSL1054G06.g is a consensus of four reads and enclosed a complete sequence of D1 Protein (with 353 amino acids). The comparison of the sequences of Protein D1 from different species showed that the substitutions of serine (S) by glycine (G) or serine (S) by threonine (T) at the position 264 could produce plants resistant to herbicides that act on electron flow on Photosystem II. The sequence of amino acids corresponding to the cluster EGEQSL1054G06.g had a serine in position 264 indicating sensitivity of the Eucalyptus plants to herbicides that act on this site.

2108 downloads

13.

Eucalyptus ESTs corresponding to the protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase enzyme related to the synthesis of heme, chlorophyll, and to the action of herbicides
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Velini, Edivaldo Domingues

; Trindade, Maria Lúcia Bueno

; Alves, Elza

; Catâneo, Ana Catarina

; Marino, Celso Luis

; Maia, Ivan de Godoy

; Mori, Edson Seizo

; Furtado, Edson Luiz

; Guerrini, Iraê Amaral

; Wilcken, Carlos Frederico

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2005, Volume 28 N. 3 Pages 548 - 554

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This work was aimed at locating Eucalyptus ESTs corresponding to the PROTOX or PPO enzyme (Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase, E.C. 1.3.3.4) directly related to resistance to herbicides that promote oxidative stress, changing the functionality of this enzyme. PROTOX, which is the site of action of diphenyl-ether (oxyfluorfen, lactofen, fomesafen), oxadiazole (oxadiazon and oxadiargyl), and aryl triazolinone (sulfentrazone and carfentrazone) herbicides, acts on the synthesis route of porphyrins which is associated with the production of chlorophyll a, catalases, and peroxidases. One cluster and one single read were located, with e-values better than e-70, associated to PROTOX. The alignment results between amino acid sequences indicated that this enzyme is adequately represented in the ESTs database of the FORESTs project.

3281 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

14.

Putative metabolic pathway of mannitol and sorbitol and in sugarcane
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Marino, Celso Luís

; Leite, Susi Meire Maximino

; Farro, Ana Paula Cazerta

; Sassaki, Flávio Tetsuo

; Campos, Henrique Luis Veronezi de

; Coscrato, Virgínia Elias

Scientia Agricola

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dec 2003, Volume 60 N. 4 Pages 723 - 728

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Até meados da década de 50 acreditava-se que o boro tinha uma importante função no transporte de açúcares em plantas. Na verdade, o boro depende de açúcares álcoois para serem mobilizados dentro da planta. Em alguns organismos os principais açúcares envolvidos neste processo são o sorbitol e o manitol, que formam complexos estáveis com o micronutriente. O objetivo deste estudo foi procurar seqüências no banco de dados SugarCane EST Genome Project (SUCEST) que codificam enzimas participantes na via metabólica destes açúcares através da comparação de enzimas de outros organismos. Dezoito "contigs" de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum sp.) apresentaram similaridade com onze seqüências de enzimas que compõem a provável via metabólica de sorbitol e manitol a partir de frutose. Destes "contigs", sete apresentaram uma alta similaridade entre as seqüências depositadas no GenBank.

Until the mid 1950s, boron was believed to play an important role in the transport of sugars in plants. However, boron actually depends on sugar alcohols to be taken up by the plant. In some cases, the main sugars involved in this process are sorbitol and mannitol which form stable complexes with boron. In this study, the sequences of the SugarCane EST Genome Project (SUCEST) database were searched for enzymes involved in the metabolism of these sugars by comparing them with enzymes from other organisms. Eighteen contigs from sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) presented high similarity with 11 enzymes involved in the putative biosynthetic pathway of sorbitol and mannitol from fructose in sugarcane. Seven of these contigs had high homology with sequences deposited in GenBank.

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15.

Acid phosphatase polymorphism within and among populations of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var botrytis)
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Marino, Celso Luis

; Gimenes, Marcos Aparecido

; Silva, Norberto da

; Lopes, Catalina Romero

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2002, Volume 25 N. 1 Pages 81 - 84

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Eighty-one lines of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) from 12 populations used to produce commercial hybrids in Brazil were screened for polymorphism in the acid phosphatase system, in order to evaluate the usefulness of this marker for the determination of the parental contamination level in hybrid seeds. Little polymorphism was detected in the examined lines, but the system appeared to be very useful for hybrid identification, since the only condition required was polymorphism between the two parental lines. If the analyzed lines were used for hybrid production, 8.4% and 12.3% of the possible crosses would result in hybrids which can be positively identified using the APS-1 and B1 loci, respectively. If only one plant of each homozygous type (SS or FF) was analyzed in each population, 41% and 50% of the possible crosses would result in hybrids which can be positively identified using the APS-1 and B1 loci, respectively.

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