Abstract One of the crucial aspects to be considered for successful in vitro production (IVP) of embryos is the composition of the various media used throughout the stages of this reproductive biotechnology. The cell culture media employed should fulfill the metabolic requirements of both gametes during oocyte maturation and sperm development, as well as the embryo during its initial cell divisions. Most IVP protocols incorporate blood serum into the media composition as a source of hormones, proteins, growth factors, and nutrients. Numerous studies have suggested Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) as a substitute for fetal sera in cell culture, particularly for stem cells. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assess the potential use of PRP as a replacement for fetal bovine serum (FBS) during oocyte maturation for in vitro production of bovine embryos. During in vitro maturation (IVM), cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were allocated into the following experimental groups: Group G1 (IVM medium with 5% PRP); Group G2 (MIV medium with 5% PRP and 5% SFB); Group G3 (MIV medium with 5% SFB); and Group G4 (MIV medium without either PRP or SFB). Subsequently, the cumulus-oocyte complexes were fertilized with semen from a single bull, and the resulting zygotes were cultured for seven days. Cleavage and blastocyst formation rates were assessed on days 2 and 7 of embryonic development, respectively. The quality of matured COCs was also evaluated by analyzing the gene expression of HSP70, an important protein associated with cellular stress. The results demonstrated that there were no significant differences among the experimental groups in terms of embryo production rates, both in the initial cleavage stages and blastocyst formation (except for the G4 group, which exhibited a lower blastocyst formation rate on D7, as expected). This indicates that PRP could be a cost-effective alternative to SFB in the IVP of embryos. (IVP biotechnology development divisions hormones proteins factors nutrients PlateletRich Platelet Rich (PRP cells Therefore FBS (FBS IVM, IVM , (IVM) cumulusoocyte cumulus (COCs G 5 PRP) MIV SFB) SFB. . Subsequently bull respectively HSP70 HSP stress except group D7 D expected. expected expected) costeffective cost effective HSP7

ABSTRACT Background: Converting açaí waste fibers into kraft pulp and paper demands high amounts of preserved fibers. Manual removal preserves the fibers, but mechanical methods are faster. Therefore, this work aimed to compare three methods to extract açaí fibers from the seed’s surface concerning efficiency and fiber quality for cellulose pulping. Results: Açaí waste fibers have ≈ 34 % of cellulose and ≈ 61% of non-cellulose structural components (based on extractive free mass) and ≈ 6% of non-structural extractives and ashes (based on total mass). They occur united into bundles that dissociate into short (388 µm) fiber cells. Their pulp-paper quality indexes were aspect ratio (31.8-41.2), wall fraction (52.8 %), flexibility coefficient (47.2 %), boiler index (0.6), Runkel index (1.2), and Mulsteph index (0.8). The manual removal preserved the fibers but had the lowest efficiency (0.1 g/min). The food processor provided intermediate preservation of the fibers and efficiency (0.5 g/min). Despite the highest efficiency (3.9 g/min) of the hammer mill method, the friction with the hammers damaged the fibers and increased the levels of extractives from 4 to 8% and hemicelluloses from 34 to 40%. Conclusion: Açaí waste fiber bundles are dissociable into short fibers and have a favorable chemistry for kraft pulping and developing cellulose products. The fiber morphology is not ideal, but not limiting, demanding adjustments in the future kraft pulping parameters. The extraction of the fiber by the food processor is recommended, which is manageable to the local communities to support an integrated bioeconomy of the açaí waste. Background faster Therefore seeds seed s Results 3 61 noncellulose non based mass 6 nonstructural mass. . 388 (38 µm cells pulppaper 31.841.2, 318412 31.8 41.2 , 31 8 41 2 (31.8-41.2) 52.8 528 52 (52. %, %) 47.2 472 47 (47. 0.6, 06 0.6 0 (0.6) 1.2, 12 1.2 1 (1.2) 0.8. 08 0.8 (0.8) 0.1 01 (0. g/min. gmin g/min g min 0.5 05 5 3.9 39 9 (3. method 40 40% Conclusion products ideal limiting parameters recommended 38 (3 841 31.841.2 31841 318 31. 412 41. (31.8-41.2 52. (52 47. (47 0. (0.6 1. (1.2 (0.8 (0 3. ( 84 31.841. 3184 (31.8-41. (5 (4 (1. 31.841 (31.8-41 (1 31.84 (31.8-4 (31.8- (31.8 (31. (31

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as influências sociodemográficas e ambientais de trabalho na qualidade de vida de profissionais de saúde. Método: Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratório, transversal, analítico e quantitativo. Constituiu-se de 94 profissionais de saúde, sendo técnicos em enfermagem, enfermeiros e fisioterapeutas atuantes em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, em um município do extremo sul do Brasil, no ano de 2023. Foi utilizado o teste de t-student e a Correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Houve correlação positiva significativa na variável sociodemográfica do sexo feminino com o domínio psicológico; renda associou-se positivamente com o domínio social e ambiente; horas de trabalho relacionou-se inversamente com a Qualidade de Vidas (QV) geral; volume de serviço interferiu negativamente no domínio físico, psicológico e QV geral; mobília influenciou, de maneira negativa, o domínio psicológico e equipamentos relacionou-se negativamente com domínio físico e psicológico. Conclusão: Verificou-se que as características do ambiente de trabalho interferem em diversos domínios da qualidade de vida. Objetivo saúde Método Tratouse Tratou se descritivoexploratório, descritivoexploratório descritivo exploratório, exploratório descritivo-exploratório transversal quantitativo Constituiuse Constituiu 9 enfermagem Intensiva Brasil 2023 tstudent t student Spearman Resultados associouse associou relacionouse relacionou (QV geral influenciou negativa Conclusão Verificouse Verificou 202 20 2

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the sociodemographic and occupational influences on health professionals’ quality of life. Method: This descriptive-exploratory, cross-sectional, analytical, and quantitative study addressed 94 health workers, including nursing technicians, nurses, and physical therapists working in Intensive Care Units in a town in the extreme south of Brazil in 2023. The student’s t-test and Spearman correlation were used. Results: A significant positive correlation was found between being a woman and the psychological domain and between income and the social and environmental domain while working hours were inversely related to general QoL. Additionally, workload negatively impacted the physical, psychological, and general QOL, furniture negatively influenced the psychological domain, and equipment was negatively associated with the physical and psychological domain. Conclusion: The characteristics of the work environment interfere with several areas of quality of life. Objective professionals life Method descriptiveexploratory, descriptiveexploratory descriptive exploratory, exploratory descriptive-exploratory crosssectional, crosssectional cross sectional, sectional cross-sectional analytical 9 workers technicians nurses 2023 students student s ttest t test used Results QoL Additionally QOL Conclusion 202 20 2

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las influencias sociodemográficas y ambientales de trabajo en la calidad de vida de profesionales de la salud. Método: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo exploratorio, transversal, analítico y cuantitativo. Estuvo constituido por 94 profesionales de la salud, siendo técnicos en enfermería, enfermeros y fisioterapeutas, actuantes en Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, en un municipio del extremo sur de Brasil, en el año de 2023. Fue utilizado el test t de Student y la Correlación de Spearman. Resultados: Se encontró correlación positiva significativa en la variable sociodemográfica del sexo femenino con el dominio psicológico; la renta se asoció positivamente con el dominio social y el ambiente; las horas de trabajo se relacionaron inversamente con la CV general; el volumen de servicio interfirió negativamente en el dominio físico, psicológico y CV general; el mobiliario influenció de manera negativa el dominio psicológico; y, los equipamientos se relacionaron negativamente con el dominio físico y psicológico. Conclusión: se verificó que las características del ambiente de trabajo interfieren en diversos dominios de la calidad de vida. Objetivo salud Método exploratorio transversal cuantitativo 9 enfermería fisioterapeutas Intensiva Brasil 2023 Spearman Resultados general Conclusión 202 20 2

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar os resíduos do pecíolo do miriti em substituição parcial da madeira de pinus e avaliar os efeitos dessa incorporação nas propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos painéis aglomerados. Os painéis foram produzidos com 0, 25, 50 e 75% de miriti em substituição parcial de madeira e 12% de adesivo uréia-formaldeído. As propriedades físico-químicas dos resíduos de miriti mostraram potencial de produção de aglomerados, uma vez que foram semelhantes às do pinus. Quanto às propriedades físicas, os painéis foram classificados como de baixa densidade. Houve aumento na taxa de compressão e, consequentemente, na higroscopicidade. Para as propriedades mecânicas, observou-se que o módulo de elasticidade (MOE) e o módulo de ruptura (MOR) não houve diferença estatística. Para tração perpendicular (TP) houve redução significativa de 50%. Considerando uma análise geral das propriedades físicas e mecânicas, é possível uma substituição em até 40% de miriti, pois nessa situação atendem as propriedades mencionadas na CS-236-66, com exceção da TP para a comercialização dos painéis. aglomerados 0 25 5 75 12 uréiaformaldeído. uréiaformaldeído uréia formaldeído. formaldeído uréia-formaldeído físicoquímicas físico químicas densidade consequentemente higroscopicidade observouse observou se MOE (MOE MOR (MOR estatística (TP 50% 40 CS23666, CS23666 CS 236 66, 66 CS-236-66 2 7 1 4 CS2366 23 6 CS-236-6 CS236 CS-236- CS23 CS-236 CS2 CS-23 CS-2 CS-

Abstract This study aimed to use the petiole residues of miriti to partially replace pine wood and evaluate the effects of this incorporation on the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards. Panels were produced with 0, 25, 50, and 75% of miriti in partial replacement of wood and 12% of urea-formaldehyde adhesive. The chemical-physical properties of miriti residues showed potential particleboard production as they were similar to those of pinewood. For the physical properties, the panels were classified as low density. There was an increase in the compression ratio and, consequently, in the hygroscopicity . For the mechanical properties, it was observed that the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) did not show any statistical differences. For perpendicular traction (PT), there was a significant reduction in 50%. Considering a general analysis of the physical and mechanical properties, up to 40% of mirti can be substituted, as in this situation they meet the properties mentioned in CS-236-66, except for PT for commercialization of the panels. particleboards 0 25 50 75 12 ureaformaldehyde urea formaldehyde adhesive chemicalphysical chemical pinewood density consequently MOE (MOE MOR (MOR differences PT, , (PT) 50% 40 substituted CS23666, CS23666 CS 236 66, 66 CS-236-66 2 5 7 1 (PT 4 CS2366 23 6 CS-236-6 CS236 CS-236- CS23 CS-236 CS2 CS-23 CS-2 CS-

ABSTRACT Background: Patauá (Oenocarpus bataua Mart.) is a palm tree belonging to the botanical family Arecaceae that occurs throughout the Amazon. Like açaí, an edible pulp is extracted from its fruits, remaining a fiber-rich waste. Revealing the potential of such raw or thermochemically modified fibers for producing bioproducts is a novelty in the literature. Therefore, this work aimed to characterize patauá fibers in natural and alkali-treated conditions to support future bioproduct applications. Alkaline treatments were performed under mechanical stirring combining two NaOH levels (5 and 10%) and two temperatures (80 and 100°C). Morphological characterization was performed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The contents of the structural and non-structural chemical components were determined, and chemical groups were evaluated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The physical characterization included moisture content, apparent density, and water absorption tests. Results: The macerate revealed short fibers with typical elongated morphology, mean cell wall thickness (4.10 µm) greater than the mean lumen width (3.01 µm), and mean length of 445 µm. The alkaline treatments partially individualized the fibers from bundles, cleaned extractives from the surface, and unblocked superficial pits by removing silica-rich structures. They substantially removed non-cellulosic components, but FTIR showed condensed lignin exposed on the fiber surface. Density and water uptake increased concerning natural fibers. Patauá’s short length and susceptibility to modification through thermochemical treatments that concentrated cellulose up to 50% indicated great potential for developing composites and nanofibers. Regardless of the NaOH content, 100°C was more efficient in concentrating cellulose. Conclusion: Patauá fibers have unique natural characteristics. They occur as flatted fiber bundles, have silicon-rich structures obstructing their superficial pits, and comprise more lignin than cellulose. Background Oenocarpus Mart. Mart Amazon açaí fruits fiberrich rich waste literature Therefore alkalitreated alkali treated applications 5 ( 10% 10 80 (8 100°C. 100C C . 100 100°C) SEM. SEM (SEM) nonstructural non determined Fouriertransform Fourier transform FTIR. (FTIR) content density tests Results morphology 4.10 410 4 (4.1 µm 3.01 301 3 01 (3.0 µm, , 44 bundles surface silicarich silica noncellulosic cellulosic Patauás s 50 nanofibers Conclusion characteristics siliconrich silicon 1 8 (SEM (FTIR 4.1 41 (4. 3.0 30 0 (3. 4. (4 3. (3

RESUMO A instituição de áreas de elevado valor biológico por meio da criação Unidades de Conservação (UC’s) tem se tornado importante instrumento de proteção aos recursos ambientais no país, frente ao desenfreado avanço antrópico sobre ambientes naturais. Os estudos de vulnerabilidade ambiental aliados à geotecnologia têm se mostrado uma relevante ferramenta na identificação de áreas mais vulneráveis, e, consequentemente, no gerenciamento e proteção das UC’s. Este trabalho objetivou analisar a vulnerabilidade ambiental no entorno do Monumento Natural do Itabira (MONAI), localizado no município de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim/ES, por meio de ferramentas geotecnológicas e inteligência artificial. As etapas metodológicas necessárias para este estudo foram: a) fotointerpretação do uso e ocupação da terra; b) seleção das variáveis antrópicas; c) aplicação da distância euclidiana nos vetores representativos das variáveis; d) aplicação da lógica Fuzzy nas matrizes das variáveis de distância euclidiana; e) aplicação do método Hierárquico Analítico (AHP); e f) espacialização das áreas de vulnerabilidade ambiental no entorno do MONAI. Os conflitos de uso e ocupação da terra demonstraram presença majoritária de pastagens, representando 49,80% da área de estudo, corroborando com o cálculo da distância euclidiana que atribuiu a esta variável o menor valor linear em relação à UC, 836 metros. Dentre as 5 classes de vulnerabilidade definidas pelas quebras naturais de Jenks, observou-se que 57,14% do entorno do MONAI é representado pelas classes alta e muito alta. A desatualização da lei de criação do MONAI e a inexistência de plano de manejo implicam no mapeamento de uma zona de amortecimento majoritariamente vulnerável ambientalmente. O presente estudo pode subsidiar a elaboração do plano de manejo e a demarcação da zona de amortecimento do MONAI. UCs UC s (UC’s país vulneráveis consequentemente UCs. s. UC’s MONAI, , (MONAI) ItapemirimES Itapemirim ES Itapemirim/ES artificial foram b antrópicas c d AHP (AHP) f pastagens 4980 49 80 49,80 83 metros Jenks observouse observou 5714 57 14 57,14 ambientalmente (MONAI (AHP 498 4 8 49,8 571 1 57,1 49, 57,

ABSTRACT The institution of biological value areas through the creation of Natural Protected Areas is an essential tool for protecting the country’s environmental resources to face advanced anthropic development in natural areas, either to increase agriculture production or for economic growth. Environmental vulnerability studies combined with geotechnological tools have been vital to identifying the most vulnerable areas and consequently help Conservation Units protection. This study aimed to analyze environmental vulnerability at the buffer zone of Itabira Natural Monument (MONAI) in Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, Brazil. The necessary methodological steps for this study were as follows: a) Photointerpretation of land use; b) Anthropic variables selection; c) Application of Euclidean distance function in variables vector images; d) Application of fuzzy membership function in variables raster images; e) Application of Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP); and f) Spatial classification of environmental vulnerability around MONAI. Land use conflicts reveal a relevant presence of pasture areas, representing 49.80% of the buffer zone. This fact corroborates with its Euclidean distance value, which showed the lowest linear value, 836 meters. Eight anthropic variables have been incorporated, highlighting crops, urban areas, exposed soil and pasture. Jenks natural breaks defined five vulnerability classes. According to the results, 57.14% of the entire MONAI buffer zone is represented by the high and very high classes. The outdated law creation of MONAI and the need for a management plan result in a vulnerable buffer zone. The present study can support management plan formulation and assist MONAI’s buffer zone delimitation. countrys country s growth protection (MONAI Itapemirim Brazil follows b selection c images d e AHP (AHP) f 4980 49 80 49.80 83 meters incorporated crops classes results 5714 57 14 57.14 MONAIs delimitation (AHP 498 4 8 49.8 571 5 1 57.1 49. 57.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Many American and Caribbean countries consider the right to food as constitutional right. Chile does not have this explicit right in the Constitution. Objective: To describe comparatively how the right to food is explicit in the constitutions of American and Caribbean countries, generating inputs for those countries that do not have this constitutional right, such as the case of Chile. Data sources: This research was carried out on platforms: Food and Nutritional Security (SAN-CELAC), Right to Food in the World (FAO) and Constitute Project which presents constitutions of the world. Revision method: A revision was made of all available constitutions of American and independent Caribbean countries, dependent territories and overseas departments in the Region. Subsequently, in those countries which explicitly consider the right to food in constitutional texts, a review of general characteristics and right to food-associated concepts, suggested by FAO, was carried out. The review was carried out between June and September 2020. Results: Of the total of countries reviewed (n= 42), 40.5% presented the right to food in constitutional text. The most frequently associated concept was food security. Conclusion: Most of the revised constitutions accompany the right to food with food safety, availability and accessibility characteristics, and include kinds of judicialization, concepts that should be incorporated into the new Magna Carta of Chile.

RESUMEN Introducción: Numerosos países de América y el Caribe cuentan con el derecho constitucional a la Alimentación. Chile no cuenta con este derecho constitucionalizado. Objetivo: Describir comparativamente cómo se encuentra explícito el derecho a la alimentación (DA) en la Constitución de los países de América y el Caribe, generando insumos para aquellos países que no cuentan con este derecho explícito, como en Chile. Fuentes de datos: Esta búsqueda se realizó en las plataformas: Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional (SAN-CELAC), Derecho a la Alimentación en el Mundo (FAO) y Constitute Project que presenta las constituciones del mundo. Método de revisión: Se realizó una revisión todas las constituciones disponibles de los países independientes de América y el Caribe y de países con territorios dependientes y departamentos de ultramar en la Región. Posteriormente, en aquellos países que presentan el DA de forma explícita en su texto constitucional, se realizó una revisión sobre las características generales del texto constitucional y de los conceptos asociados a la definición del DA, sugeridos por la FAO. La revisión se llevó a cabo entre los meses de junio y septiembre de 2020. Resultados: Del total de los países revisados (n= 42), solo el 40,5% presentó el DA explícito en su texto constitucional. La seguridad alimentaria es el concepto que aparece con mayor frecuencia. Conclusión: La mayor parte de las constituciones acompañan el DA con características de seguridad alimentaria, disponibilidad y accesibilidad, e incluyen alguna forma de judicialización, conceptos que deberían ser incorporadas la nueva Carta Magna de Chile.

Abstract Objective: To present an updated and evidence-based guideline for the use of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to assess body composition in clinical practice. Materials and methods: This Official Position was developed by the Scientific Committee of the Brazilian Association of Bone Assessment and Metabolism ( Associação Brasileira de Avaliação Óssea e Osteometabolismo , ABRASSO) and experts in the field who were invited to contribute to the preparation of this document. The authors searched current databases for relevant publications in the area of body composition assessment. In this second part of the Official Position, the authors discuss the interpretation and reporting of body composition parameters assessed by DXA and the use of DXA for body composition evaluation in special situations, including evaluation of children, persons with HIV, and animals. Conclusion: This document offers recommendations for the use of DXA in body composition evaluation, including indications, interpretation, and applications, to serve as a guiding tool in clinical practice and research for health care professionals in Brazil.

RESUMO Objetivo. Estimar a prevalência pontual e os intervalos prováveis de hipertensão induzida pela gravidez, pré-eclâmpsia, diabetes gestacional, baixo peso ao nascer e parto prematuro na América Latina e no Caribe e avaliar a heterogeneidade das estimativas. Métodos. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática com metanálise de estudos observacionais que relatam a prevalência de desfechos maternos e perinatais adversos em populações da América Latina e do Caribe, publicados entre 2000 e 2019 em inglês, espanhol ou português. Os bancos de dados PubMed, Embase e LILACS foram pesquisados. Estimou-se a prevalência pontual e avaliou-se a heterogeneidade geral, bem como, em análises de subgrupo, a heterogeneidade por delineamento do estudo e o nível de viés. Resultados. De 1 087 registros encontrados, 50 artigos foram incluídos na revisão: dois sobre distúrbios hipertensivos da gravidez, 14 sobre pré-eclâmpsia, seis sobre diabetes gestacional, nove sobre baixo peso ao nascer e 19 sobre parto prematuro. Não foi possível realizar metanálise para distúrbios hipertensivos da gravidez devido ao pequeno número de estudos. As estimativas de prevalência pontual e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC) para pré-eclâmpsia, diabetes gestacional, baixo peso ao nascer e parto prematuro foram: 6,6%; (IC 95%: 4,9–8,6%), 8,5% (IC 95%: 3,9–14,7%), 8,5% (IC 95%: 7,2–9,8%) e 10,0% (IC 95%: 8,0–12,0%), respectivamente. Observou-se heterogeneidade considerável, tanto em geral como por delineamento de estudo. Não foram observadas diferenças importantes nas estimativas por nível de viés. Conclusões. Os resultados deste estudo fornecem estimativas atualizadas de alguns dos desfechos gestacionais e perinatais adversos mais prevalentes na América Latina e no Caribe. Destacam a existência de uma importante heterogeneidade nas estimativas de prevalência, o que pode refletir a diversidade das populações da região.

ABSTRACT Objective. To estimate the point prevalence and likely ranges of pregnancy-induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, low birth weight and preterm delivery in Latin America and the Caribbean, and evaluate the heterogeneity of the estimates. Methods. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies reporting the prevalence of maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes in populations in Latin American and the Caribbean published between 2000 and 2019 in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. We searched PubMed, Embase, and LILACS. We estimated the point prevalence and evaluated overall heterogeneity and, in sub-group analyses, heterogeneity by study design and level of bias. Results. Of 1087 records retrieved, 50 articles were included in the review: two on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, 14 on pre-eclampsia, six on gestational diabetes, nine on low birth weight and 19 on preterm birth. No meta-analysis for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy could be done because of the small number of studies. Point prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, low birth weight, and preterm birth were: 6.6% (95% CI: 4.9%, 8.6%), 8.5% (95% CI: 3.9%, 14.7%), 8.5% (95% CI: 7.2%, 9.8%), and 10.0% (95% CI: 8.0%, 12.0%), respectively. We observed substantial heterogeneity overall and by study design. No major differences in estimates were observed by level of bias. Conclusions. The results of this study provide updated estimates of some of the most prevalent adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in Latin America and the Caribbean. They highlight that important heterogeneity exists in prevalence estimates, which may reflect the diversity of populations in the region.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia puntual y los rangos probables de hipertensión provocada por embarazo, preeclampsia, diabetes gestacional, peso bajo al nacer y parto prematuro en América Latina y el Caribe, y evaluar la heterogeneidad de las estimaciones. Métodos. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática y metanálisis de los estudios de observación que notificaron la prevalencia de resultados adversos perinatales y maternos en poblaciones de América Latina y el Caribe, publicados entre los años 2000 y 2019 en inglés, español o portugués. Se realizaron búsquedas en PubMed, Embase y LILACS. Se estimó la prevalencia puntual y se evaluó la heterogeneidad general y, en los análisis de subgrupos, la heterogeneidad según el diseño del estudio y nivel de sesgo. Resultados. De 1 087 registros recuperados, se incluyeron 50 artículos en la revisión: 2 sobre los trastornos hipertensivos en el embarazo, 14 sobre preeclampsia, 6 sobre la diabetes gestacional, 9 sobre peso bajo al nacer y 19 sobre parto prematuro. No se pudo realizar ningún metanálisis de los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo debido al número reducido de estudios. Las estimaciones de prevalencia puntual y los intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95% para la preeclampsia, la diabetes gestacional, el peso bajo al nacer y el parto prematuro fueron: 6,6% (IC de 95%: 4,9%, 8,6%), 8,5% (IC de 95%: 3,9%, 14,7%), 8,5% (IC de 95%: 7,2%, 9,8%) y 10,0% (IC de 95%: 8,0%, 12,0%), respectivamente. Se observó una heterogeneidad significativa en general, así como según el diseño del estudio. No se advirtieron grandes diferencias en las estimaciones según el nivel del sesgo. Conclusiones. Los resultados de este estudio ofrecen cálculos actualizados de algunos de los resultados adversos perinatales y del embarazo con mayor prevalencia en América Latina y el Caribe. Estos resultados ponen de manifiesto que existe una gran heterogeneidad en las estimaciones de prevalencia, que podría reflejar la diversidad de la población de la región.

RESUMEN La pandemia por COVID-19 y las medidas sanitarias para su control han afectado la alimentación de las personas, lo que probablemente lleve a cifras elevadas de malnutrición en todas sus formas. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las percepciones de un grupo de actores clave sobre el aseguramiento del derecho a la alimentación en contexto de pandemia en Chile. El presente es un estudio cualitativo realizado en Chile. Los/as entrevistados fueron seleccionados/as por conveniencia y con una visión transdisciplinaria. Se realizaron 26 entrevistas semiestructuradas online, durante septiembre y octubre de 2020. El análisis de los datos se realizó utilizando un enfoque inductivo y un análisis temático, organizando la información en el software Atlas.ti 9.0. Los discursos de las y los participantes permitieron obtener 4 temas: 1. Seguridad alimentaria en tiempos de pandemia, 2. Apreciación de las estrategias alimentarias gubernamentales, 3. Respuesta comunitaria a la pandemia y 4. Otras miradas para el enfrentamiento de la pandemia. Se concluye que el acceso a los alimentos es la dimensión del derecho a la alimentación más afectada en el país en pandemia. Se reconocen estrategias estatales para mantener la alimentación de la población, sin embargo, estas se perciben como insuficientes. Por otro lado, se destaca la relevancia de la organización comunitaria. Se hace necesario realizar un seguimiento sobre las acciones tomadas para garantizar el derecho a la alimentación en el país y conocer la experiencia de otros países de América Latina y el Caribe para prepararse para futuras crisis.

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic and the sanitary measures to control it have affected people’s diets, which is likely to lead to high rates of malnutrition in all its forms. The objective of this study was to describe the perceptions of a group of key actors on the assurance of the right to food in the context of a pandemic. This was a qualitative study conducted in Chile. The interviewees were selected by convenience with a transdisciplinary approach. We conducted 26 semi-structured interviews online, during September and October 2020. Data analysis was carried out using an inductive approach and a thematic analysis. We organized information using Atlas.ti 9.0 software. From the participants’ narratives, we obtained 4 themes: 1. Food security in times of pandemic, 2. Appreciation of government food strategies, 3. Community response to the pandemic and 4. Other perspectives for facing the pandemic. We concluded that access to food is the dimension of the right to food most affected during the pandemic. State strategies are recognized as maintaining the population’s nutrition; however, these are perceived as insufficient. On the other hand, the relevance of community organization stands out. It is necessary to monitor the actions taken to guarantee the right to food in the country and learn about the experience of other Latin American and Caribbean countries to prepare for future crises.

Abstract The period of functional adaptation to a new conventional complete denture embraces many transitory issues, and this period is directly related to the rehabilitation success. Objective This clinical trial evaluated the influence of the height of mandibular ridge on the masticatory function of complete denture (CD) wearers during the adaptation period. Methodology A total of 28 individuals wearing new CDs (NR, n=14, normal mandibular ridges, 64±12.5 years, 9 female; RR, n=14, resorbed mandibular ridges, 69±6.8 years, 9 female) were assessed at 24 hours, 30 days, three months and six months after the insertion of the CDs for masticatory performance (MP, sieves method), satisfaction with CDs (questionnaire) and maximum occlusal bite force (MOBF) (gnatodynamometer). The classification of the mandibular ridges followed the Kapur index. Data of MP and MOBF were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and satisfaction with CDs was analyzed by Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE), α=.05. Results Participants with NR presented better masticatory performance (p=.000 - NR 30.25±9.93%, RR 12.41±7.17%), general satisfaction (p=.047), retention of mandibular denture (p=.001), chewing ability (p=.037), and comfort of wearing a mandibular denture (p=.000). Regardless of the mandibular ridge, MP (p=.000) was higher at three (21.26±12.07%) and six months (24.25±12.26%) in comparison to 24 hours (18.09±10.89%), the MOBF (p=.000) was higher at three months (78.50±6.49 N) compared to 24 hours (57.34±5.55 N) and 30 days (62.72±5.97 N), and the comfort of wearing a mandibular denture (p=.002) at three months (1.61 ± 0.07) was greater than 24 hours (1.29±0.10) and 30 days (1.36±10). Conclusions The study suggests that the participants with NR have higher MP and satisfaction with their CD, regardless of the follow-up period after the insertion of the new CD. After subjects received the CD, a period of 3 months was necessary for achieving better achievement MOBF, MP, and self-perceived comfort with the mandibular denture, regardless of the height of the mandibular ridge.

Abstract Transvaginal follicular aspiration technique together with in vitro embryo production are the biotechnological alternatives currently available to support genetic improvement breeding programs in buffalo species. However, aspects related to animal management, lack of knowledge of the metabolic needs and biochemical peculiarities of gametes and embryos, as well as the reproductive physiology characteristics have hampered progress in the results. Despite the low availability of good quality oocytes collected after OPU in donors as a physiological characteristic of buffalo species, high rates of oocyte maturation, modest embryo cleavage, blastocyst production and pregnancy rates after transvaginal embryo transfer in recipients could be obtained in buffalo in vitro embryo production programs. The results of implementing an in vitro embryo production program in buffaloes in the northern region of Pará state, Brazil, and results published by other groups demonstrate the feasibility of implementing this biotechnology in the routine of breeding programs. Nevertheless, in order to achieve better and consistent results, it is necessary to deepen the knowledge on the peculiarities of reproductive biology in this specie. Selection of donor animals based on ovarian size and ovarian follicular reserve and on the rate of blastocyst production is presented as an effective alternative to increase the efficiency of the in vitro embryo production technique applied to the buffalo species.

Resumen Introducción: la enfermedad de Parkinson es una patología neurodegenerativa, que se manifiesta por signos y síntomas motores y no motores, que comprometen la calidad de vida de los pacientes. El Parkinson Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) es el instrumento más utilizado para evaluar la calidad de vida en pacientes con esta enfermedad. Los objetivos del trabajo fueron identificar los aspectos relacionados con la Calidad de Vida desde la perspectiva de los pacientes, compararlos con los aspectos considerados por el PDQ-39 y describir las estrategias adoptadas por los pacientes para superar las dificultades. Materiales y métodos: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo. Se realizó un grupo focal con seis pacientes. Los datos fueron analizados usando el método de análisis de contenido. Resultados: aspectos relacionados a todos los dominios del PDQ-39 fueron mencionados por los pacientes, destacándose aquellos relacionados con las limitaciones de la movilidad y el desarrollo de actividades diarias, y aspectos relacionados con el bienestar emocional. No obstante, algunos aspectos considerados en el dominio movilidad del PDQ-39 no fueron mencionados, y fueron detectadas limitaciones del dominio bienestar emocional. Los pacientes diseñan diversas estrategias para superar las dificultades, en las que el soporte social es importante. Conclusión: conocer y reflexionar sobre las percepciones de persona con enfermedad de Parkinson sobre su calidad de vida contribuye para la comprensión de la enfermedad y auxilia la propuesta de intervenciones clínicas adecuadas para lograr el cuidado integral. Se sugiere la revisión y adaptación del PDQ-39 al contexto actual, los avances tecnológicos y de conocimientos sobre la enfermedad de Parkinson.

Abstract Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder manifested by motor and non-motor symptoms that compromise patients' quality of life. The instrument used to assess Parkinson's disease patients' quality of life is the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). This study aims to identify issues related to quality of life from the patients' perspective, compare the results obtained with the aspects included in the PDQ-39, and describe some strategies that patients have adopted to overcome difficulties. Materials and methods: This is a qualitative and descriptive study based on a focus group consisting of six patients. Data were analyzed using the content analysis method. Results: Aspects related to all PDQ-39 domains were mentioned by the patients, highlighting those related to limitations on their mobility and daily activities, as well as aspects related to their emotional wellbeing. The patients did not mention some aspects of mobility that are included in the PDQ-39, but limitations in the domain of emotional wellbeing that are included in the PDQ-39 were detected. In order to overcome difficulties, patients devise various strategies that require social support. Conclusion: Understanding and reflecting on Parkinson's disease patients' perceptions of their quality of life contributes to our understanding of the disease and stimulates proposals for adequate clinical interventions to provide comprehensive care. It is suggested that the PDQ-39 be reviewed and adapted to the current context, taking into account the most recent knowledge and technological advances related to Parkinson's disease.

Resumo Introdução: a doença de Parkinson é uma patologia neurodegenerativa, que se manifesta por signos e sintomas motores e não motores, que comprometem a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O Parkinson Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) é o instrumento mais utilizado para avaliar a qualidade de vida de em pacientes com esta doença. Os objetivos do trabalho foram identificar os aspetos relacionados com a Qualidade de Vida desde a perspectiva dos pacientes, compará-los com os aspetos considerados pelo PDQ-39 e descrever as estratégias adotadas pelos pacientes para superar as dificuldades. Materiais e métodos: estudo qualitativo, descritivo. Realizou-se um grupo focal com seis pacientes. Os dados foram analisados usando o método de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: aspetos relacionados a todos os domínios do PDQ-39 foram mencionados pelos pacientes, destacando-se aqueles relacionados com as limitações da mobilidade e o desenvolvimento de atividades diárias, e aspetos relacionados com o bem-estar emocional. No entanto, alguns aspectos considerados no domínio mobilidade do PDQ-39 não foram mencionados, e foram detectadas limitações do domínio bem-estar emocional. Os pacientes desenham diversas estratégias para superar as dificuldades, nas que o suporte social é importante. Conclusão: conhecer e reflexionar sobre as percepções de pessoas com Doença de Parkinson sobre sua qualidade de vida contribui para a compreensão da doença e auxilia a proposta de intervenções clínicas adequadas para conseguir o cuidado integral. Sugere-se a revisão e adaptação do PDQ-39 ao contexto atual, os avanços tecnológicos e de conhecimentos sobre a Doença de Parkinson.

Resumo Introdução As disfunções temporomandibulares (DTM) podem comprometer a capacidade mastigatória devido à presença de dor, disfunção muscular e limitação dos movimentos mandibulares. Melhorias substanciais da dor relacionada à DTM podem ser alcançadas através de abordagens terapêuticas incluindo a educação e os autocuidados. Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o impacto dessas modalidades de tratamento no desempenho mastigatório de mulheres com DTM dolorosa. Material e método Cinquenta e duas mulheres foram divididas aleatoriamente em três grupos: Grupo Controle (CG); Grupo Educação (receberam instruções sobre DTM) (EG); Grupo de Autocuidado e Educação (receberam instruções sobre DTM e instruções sobre terapias de autocuidado) (SEG). As instruções de educação sobre DTM e terapias de autocuidado foram transmitidas através de vídeo e material ilustrativo impresso. O desempenho mastigatório foi avaliado através do método dos tamises com alimentos testes naturais nos períodos de avaliação: atendimento inicial, 30 dias após e ao fim de 60 dias de acompanhamento. Os dados obtidos, em porcentagem, foram analisados e foi utilizado o teste paramétrico ANOVA one-way para comparação das médias dos grupos CG, EG e SEG (α= 0,05). Resultado O desempenho mastigatório dos participantes foi semelhante, independentemente dos tratamentos, no atendimento inicial (p=0,604), após 30 dias (p=0,450) e após 60 dias (p=0,669). Conclusão Os resultados indicam que o tratamento com terapias educativas e de autocuidado durante um período de 60 dias não teve impacto no desempenho mastigatório das mulheres com DTM dolorosa.

Abstract Introduction Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) can compromise masticatory performance due to the presence of pain, muscular dysfunction and limitation of mandibular movements. Substantial improvements in TMD pain can be achieved through therapeutic approaches including education and self-care. Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of these treatment modalities in the masticatory performance of women with painful TMD. Material and method Fifty-two women were randomly divided into three groups: Control Group (CG); Education Group (received education about TMD) (EG); Self-Care and Education Group (received education about TMD and instructions self-care therapies) (SEG). The education instructions about TMD and self-care therapies were transmitted through a video and printed illustrative material. The masticatory performance was evaluated through the sieves method with natural tested foods in the evaluation periods: baseline evaluation, 30 days after and 60 days of follow-up. Data were analyzed and used with a one-way ANOVA parametric test for mean comparison of CG, EG and SEG groups (α = 0.05). Result The masticatory performance of the participants was similar, irrespective of the proposed treatments, at baseline (p=.604), 30 days (p=.450) and 60 days (p=.669). Conclusions The results indicated that treatment with educational and self-care therapies over a period of 60 days had no impact on the masticatory performance of women with painful TMD.

The biochemical pathways involved in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis converge at the enzymatic step catalysed by nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT, EC: 2.7.7.1). The majority of NMNATs are assembled into homo-oligomeric states that comprise 2-6 subunits. Recently, the NMNAT of Plasmodium falciparum (PfNMNAT) has been identified as a pharmacological target. The enzymatic characterisation, cellular location, and tertiary structure of the PfNMNAT protein have been reported. Nonetheless, its quaternary structure remains to be explored. The present study describes the oligomeric assembly of the 6 x His-PfNMNAT recombinant protein using immobilised metal affinity chromatography coupled with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and native protein electrophoresis combined with Ferguson plot graphing. These chromatographic approaches resulted in the elution of an active monomer from the SEC column, whereas the Ferguson plot indicated a dimeric assembly of the 6 x His-PfNMNAT protein.