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1.
Scientific diving in Brazil: history, present and perspectives Brazil history
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Leite, Tatiana S.
; Pinheiro, Igor E.
; Berchez, Flávio
; Bertoncini, Áthila A.
; Cima, Oswaldo M. Del
; Demetrescu, Irene E.
; Francini-Filho, Ronaldo B.
; Kikuchi, Ruy K.P
; Machado, Arthur A.
; Maia-Nogueira, Rodrigo
; Martins, Flavio L.
; Mendes, Liana F.
; Rambelli, Gilson
; Sampaio, Claudio L.S.
; Segal, Barbara
; Aguiar, Aline A.
; Auler, Augusto S.
; Barroco-Neto, José
; Bonaldo, Roberta M.
; Buchmann, Francisco S.
; Calippo, Flavio
; Cesar, Augusto
; Gama, Matheus A.C.
; Ghilardi-Lopes, Natalia
; Leão, Zelinda M.A.N.
; Lessa, Guilherme C.
; Menegola, Carla
; Pinheiro, Hudson T.
; Rocha, Luiz A.
; Sabino, José
; Seoane, José C.S.
; Sestokas, Julia
; Tiago, Cláudio C.
; Wegner, Ewerton
; Lotufo, Tito
.
Abstract Scientific diving (SD) is defined as any diving activity that applies scientific procedures to produce subsidies for studies and technical works in underwater environments. The first report of an underwater scientific study in Brazil dates to the 19th century, in the Abrolhos reefs. Currently, in Brazil, scientific diving has been performed in various areas, from shallow coastal regions to remote and sometimes hard-to-reach places, such as oceanic islands, flooded caves, and icy areas like Antarctica. However, the regulation of SD in Brazil still lacks more concrete actions towards an effective and efficient self-regulation that offers physical safety to practitioners and institutional safeguards for organizations that use it in their research projects. Thus, this article aims to contribute to a better understanding of this critical issue in Brazil and to serve as a reference and incentive for the training of professionals and the development of these activities in the country. It includes: 1) a historical review of SD; 2) a diagnosis of the training and application of SD in Brazil; 3) the evolution of marine sciences in Brazil from the perspective of SD; 4) a review of the use of environmental assessment and underwater conservation techniques in oceans and internal waters; 5) an analysis of the evolution of scientific diver training in Brazil, including a diagnosis on training; 6) the history and updates of the rules, regulations, and safety of SD. Given all the potential of diving combined with specific techniques for research, monitoring, and marine and limnic science in Brazil, we aim to understand the evolution of scientific diving teaching and to outline perspectives in the country, as it is crucial for the training of qualified scientists capable of performing these underwater tasks. Finally, we present future plans for the development of this activity in Brazil from the point of view of research and the labor market. (SD environments th century reefs Currently hardtoreach hard reach places islands caves Antarctica However selfregulation self projects Thus country includes 1 2 3 4 waters 5 6 rules regulations monitoring tasks Finally market
2.
Mastitis in cattle due to Mycobacteroides abscessus - case report
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Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
- Journal Metrics
RESUMO A mastite é considerada uma das principais doenças que afetam rebanhos leiteiros ao redor do mundo e é causada principalmente por Staphylococcus aureus e Streptococcus spp. ambientais. Eventualmente, patógenos não convencionais, como Mycobacterium de crescimento rápido (RGM), podem também causar mastite crônica, a qual não respondera ao tratamento com antimicrobianos. O diagnóstico de mastite causada por RGM é uma tarefa difícil, e a maioria das vezes esse agente pode ser subdiagnosticado. Neste relato, descreveu-se um caso de mastite clínica em uma vaca, no sul do Brasil, causada por RGM Mycobacteroides abscessus, confirmado por caracterização microbiológica e molecular. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de um diagnóstico laboratorial detalhado para a identificação do agente e a inclusão deste como diagnóstico diferencial no reconhecimento de mastite crônica não responsiva ao tratamento.
ABSTRACT Mastitis is considered the main disease that affects dairy cattle worldwide, and it is caused mainly by Staphylococcus aureus and environmental Streptococcus spp. Eventually, nonconventional pathogens, as rapidly growing mycobacteria(RGM), may also cause chronic mastitis, which will not be responsive to antibiotic treatments. Diagnosis of mastitis caused by RGM is a difficult task, and most of time this agent may be misdiagnosed. Here we describe a case of clinical mastitis caused by the RGM Mycobacteroides abscessus in a cow from Southern Brazil, confirmed by microbiological and molecular characterization. Our results reinforce the necessity of a detailed laboratorial identification of the agent and to include this agent in differential diagnosis of chronical clinical mastitis nonresponsive to treatment.
3.
Figuras de movimento na tragédia ateniense do século V a.C.
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RESUMO Este artigo tem por objetivo colocar a dança no centro da análise histórica da tragédia ateniense do século V a.C. Para tanto, é proposta uma trajetória que parte da cultura da performance, passa pela cultura dos festivais, pela dança do coro e pelo ensinamento do velho sátiro bêbado, até chegar na revisão dos conceitos de opsis e psuchagôgia, presentes na Poética de Aristóteles. Desse modo, busca-se compreender como a performance cívico-ritual dos atores-cantores-dançarinos gregos antigos, a partir da criação de figuras de movimento, era também um ato de evocação das almas no contexto de uma festividade pública.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to place dance at the center of the historical analysis of Athenian tragedy of the 5th century BC. To do so, a trajectory is proposed that begins with the culture of performance, passes through the culture of festivals, the dance of the chorus and the teaching of the old drunken satyr, and then reviews the concepts of opsis and psuchagôgia in Aristotle's Poetics. Thus, the objective is to understand how the ritual-civic performance of the ancient Greek actors-singers-dancers, based on the creation of figures of movement, was also an act of evoking souls in the context of a public festivity.
RÉSUMÉ Cet article vise à placer la danse au centre de l'analyse historique de la tragédie athénienne du Ve siècle av. JC . Pour cela, une trajectoire est proposée qui part de la culture de la performance, passe par la culture de fêtes, par la danse du chœur et par l'enseignement du vieux satyre ivre, jusqu'à arriver à la révision des concepts d'opsis et de psuchagôgia, présents dans la Poétique d'Aristote. De cette manière, c’est cherché à comprendre comment la performance civique-rituelle des acteurs-chanteurs-danseurs grecs antiques, à partir de la création de figures de mouvement, était aussi un acte d'évocation des âmes dans le cadre d'une fête publique.
4.
Poor prognosis indicators of type-2 diabetic COVID-19 patients
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Gorjão, R.
; Hirabara, S.M.
; Masi, L.N.
; Serdan, T.D.A.
; Gritte, R.B.
; Hatanaka, E.
; Souza-Siqueira, T.
; Pithon-Curi, A.C.
; Lima, T.M. de
; Pithon-Curi, T.C.
; Marchini, J.F.M.
; Machado, M.C.C.
; Souza, H.P.
; Curi, R.
.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
- Journal Metrics
Diabetes is associated with a worse prognosis and a high risk of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. We aimed to evaluate the main factors involved in the poor prognosis in diabetic patients. A total of 984 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital were included in this study. Patients were first divided into type-2 diabetic (DM+) and non-diabetic (DM–) groups. The participants were analyzed based on the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and on the Quick-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) to find the best prognostic risk score for our study. The DM+ and DM– groups were divided into non-severe and severe groups. Comparative and correlative analyses were used to identify the physiological parameters that could be employed for creating a potential risk indicator for DM+ COVID-19 patients. We found a poorer prognosis for the DM+ COVID-19 patients with a higher ICU admission rate, mechanical ventilation rate, vasopressor use, dialysis, and longer treatment times compared with the DM– group. DM+ COVID-19 patients had increased plasma glucose, lactate, age, urea, NEWS, and D-dimer levels, herein referred to as the GLAUND set, and worse prognosis and outcomes when compared with infected DM– patients. The NEWS score was a better indicator for assessing COVID-19 severity in diabetic patients than the q-SOFA score. In conclusion, diabetic COVID-19 patients should be assessed with the NEWS score and GLAUND set for determining their prognosis COVID-19 prognosis.
5.
Yellow grease in sheep diets: intake and digestibility
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Rêgo, A.C.
; Oliveira, C.S.B.
; Afonso, L.E.F.
; Azevedo, J.C.
; Machado Neto, O.R.
; Monteiro, E.M.M.
; Domingues, F.N.
; Faturi, C.
.
Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
- Journal Metrics
RESUMO Objetivou-se, com o estudo, avaliar os efeitos do óleo residual de fritura, em dietas para ovinos, sob o consumo, a digestibilidade e o balanço de nitrogênio. Foram utilizados 20 cordeiros Santa Inês, com idade de 95 ± 10 dias e peso corporal de 19,29 ± 3,17kg, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso. As dietas continham óleo de fritura nas concentrações de 0; 20; 40; 60 e 80gkg-1 da matéria seca (MS) do concentrado. As dietas tinham relação volumoso:concentrado de 50:50. O período experimental foi de 19 dias, incluindo 14 dias em adaptação e cinco dias de coleta do fornecido, das sobras, das fezes e da urina. A suplementação com óleo de fritura não alterou o consumo de MS, proteína bruta (PB), matéria orgânica (MO), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e carboidratos não fibrosos (CNF). Entretanto, o consumo de extrato etéreo (EE) aumentou com a inclusão do óleo. Não foi observado efeito na digestibilidade da MS, da PB, da FDN, dos CNF e no balanço de nitrogênio. A digestibilidade do EE aumentou com a inclusão do óleo. Assim, a inclusão de óleo de fritura em dietas para ovinos pode ser utilizada em até 80gkg-1 da MS do concentrado, sem limitar ingestão e digestibilidade dos nutrientes.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the effects of yellow grease supplementation on the intake, digestibility, and nitrogen balance in sheep. Twenty Santa Inês lambs with a mean age of 95 ± 10 d and body weight of 19.29 ± 3.17kg were evaluated in a completely randomized design. The diets were supplemented with oil at concentrations of 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 gkg-1 of dry matter (DM) of the concentrate. The diets were based on roughage and concentrate (50:50). The experimental period lasted 19 d and included 14 adaptation days and five collection days for the total supplied diet, orts, feces, and urine. Supplementation with yellow grease had no significant effect on the intake of DM, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), or non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC). However, the ether extract (EE) intake increased linearly with supplementation of yellow grease. Moreover, no effect was observed for DM, CP, NDF, and NFC digestibility and nitrogen balance. EE digestibility increased linearly with the yellow grease dietary supplementation. Thus, sheep dietary supplementation with yellow grease may be used at a level of up to 80 gkg-1 of DM of concentrate without impairing nutrient intake and digestibility.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12110
135 downloads
6.
Two phytocompounds from Schinopsis brasiliensis show promising antiviral activity with multiples targets in Influenza A virus
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SETTE-DE-SOUZA, PEDRO HENRIQUE
; COSTA, MOAN J.F.
; ARAÚJO, FÁBIO A.C.
; ALENCAR, EVERTON N.
; AMARAL-MACHADO, LUCAS
.
Abstract Influenza A virus, the main flu agent, affects billions of people worldwide. Conventional treatments still present limitations related to drug-resistance and severe side effects. As a result, natural product-derived molecules have been increasingly investigated as prospect drug candidates. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible anti-flu activity and to evaluate the toxicity and pharmacokinetic parameters, by in silico approaches, of the Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. phytochemical compounds. Nine phytocompounds and six antiviral drugs (Amantadine, Umifenovir, Favipiravir, Nitazoxanide, Oseltamivir, Zanamivir) were selected for the analyses against four Influenza A proteins: neuraminidase, polymerase basic protein 2, hemagglutinin and M2 ion channel protein. The molecular docking, the predicted antiviral activity, the predicted toxicity and the pharmacokinetics investigations were conducted. The obtained results demonstrated that Syringaresinol and Cycloartenone display promising in silico antiviral activity (binding energy < 5.0 and ≥ 9.0 kcal/mol) and safety (low toxicity than commercial anti-flu drugs). Overall, this study corroborated the hypothesis that S. brasiliensis barks extract has a biological activity against Influenza A virus. Additionally, Syringaresinol and Cycloartenone have multiple targets in Influenza A virus and showed themselves as the most promising phytocompounds to be isolated and considered for the therapeutic arsenal against the flu.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120210964
1 downloads
7.
Kahweol, a natural diterpene from coffee, induces peripheral antinociception by endocannabinoid system activation
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Guzzo, L.S.
; Oliveira, C.C.
; Ferreira, R.C.M.
; Machado, D.P.D.
; Castor, M.G.M.
; Perez, A.C.
; Piscitelli, F.
; Marzo, V. Di
; Romero, T.R.L.
; Duarte, I.D.G.
.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
- Journal Metrics
Kahweol is a compound derived from coffee with reported antinociceptive effects. Based on the few reports that exist in the literature regarding the mechanisms involved in kahweol-induced peripheral antinociceptive action, this study proposed to investigate the contribution of the endocannabinoid system to the peripheral antinociception induced in rats by kahweol. Hyperalgesia was induced by intraplantar injection of prostaglandin E2(PGE2) and was measured with the paw pressure test. Kahweol and the drugs to test the cannabinoid system were administered locally into the right hind paw. The endocannabinoids were purified by open-bed chromatography on silica and measured by LC-MS. Kahweol (80 µg/paw) induced peripheral antinociception against PGE2-induced hyperalgesia. This effect was reversed by the intraplantar injection of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonist AM251 (20, 40, and 80 μg/paw), but not by the CB2 cannabinoid receptor antagonist AM630 (100 μg/paw). Treatment with the endocannabinoid reuptake inhibitor VDM11 (2.5 μg/paw) intensified the peripheral antinociceptive effect induced by low-dose kahweol (40 μg/paw). The monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibitor, JZL184 (4 μg/paw), and the dual MAGL/fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor, MAFP (0.5 μg/paw), potentiated the peripheral antinociceptive effect of low-dose kahweol. Furthermore, kahweol increased the levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide, but not of the other endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol nor of anandamide-related N-acylethanolamines, in the plantar surface of the rat paw. Our results suggested that kahweol induced peripheral antinociception via anandamide release and activation of CB1 cannabinoid receptors and this compound could be used to develop new drugs for pain relief.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2021e11071
58 downloads
8.
Association of Mechanical and Chemical Methods for Cotton Stalk Destruction
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FRANCISCHINI, A.C.
; CONSTANTIN, J.
; MATTE, W.D.
; OLIVEIRA JR., R.S.
; RIOS, F.A.
; MACHADO, F.G.
.
RESUMO: A destruição de soqueiras do algodoeiro após a colheita é uma medida profilática que visa reduzir a população de insetos-praga e de inóculos de doenças que podem permanecer alojados nos restos culturais e plantas de algodoeiro remanescentes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar métodos integrados de manejo das soqueiras, conciliando controle mecânico e químico, que promovam a erradicação de soqueiras do algodoeiro. Dessa maneira, foi instalado experimento fatorial 7x5, em que foram testados sete diferentes métodos de manejo da soqueira do algodoeiro e cinco tratamentos herbicidas. Avaliou-se a porcentagem de controle e o número de plantas rebrotadas por metro aos 14, 28 e 50 dias após a aplicação dos herbicidas. Ainda, ao final do experimento foi avaliado o tamanho de rebrote, aos 50 dias. Os métodos de manejo com roçada associada a uma aplicação no toco seguida por outra aplicação no rebrote e roçada com duas aplicações sequenciais nos rebrotes, para os tratamentos herbicidas 2,4-D + glyphosate em associação com [imazapic + imazapyr]) ou saflufenacil, promoveram as maiores taxas de controle das soqueiras do algodoeiro. Visando a eficácia e a velocidade de controle, o manejo com aplicação do tratamento 2,4-D + glyphosate + saflufenacil no toco, logo após a roçada, associado à outra aplicação no rebrote, proporcionou 100% de controle aos 14 dias após a última aplicação e inibiu totalmente o rebrote das soqueiras, sendo considerado o mais eficaz na destruição das soqueiras do algodoeiro.
ABSTRACT: The destruction of cotton stalks after harvesting is a prophylactic measure aimed at reducing the population of insects and disease inoculants that may remain in the crop residues and remaining cotton plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate integrated methods of management of the cotton stalks, combining mechanical and chemical control, to promote the eradication of cotton stalks. A 7x5 factorial experiment was installed where seven different methods of mechanical control of cotton stalk and five herbicide treatments were tested. The percentage of control (visual scale of 0 to 100%) and the number of plants regrowth per meter were evaluated at 14, 28 and 50 days after herbicide application treatment. At the end of the experiment, the size of the regrowth was evaluated at 50 days. The methods of management with mowing associated with an application on the stalk followed by another application to plant regrowth’s and mowing with two sequential applications in the sprouts, for the herbicidal treatments 2,4-D + glyphosate in association with [imazapic + imazapyr]) or saflufenacil, promoted the highest control rates of cotton stalks. Aiming at the effectiveness and speed of control, the management with the application of the treatment with 2,4-D + glyphosate + saflufenacil on the stalk, after mowing, associated to another application in the regrowth, provided 100% control at 14 days after the last application and totally inhibited the regrowth of the stalks, and was considered the most effective in the destruction of cotton stalks.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582019370100141
787 downloads
9.
Safflower seeds in the diet of feedlot lambs improved fat carcass, colour, and fatty acid profile of the meat
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Ferreira, M.S.
; Goes, R.H.T.B.
; Martinez, A.C.
; Gandra, J.R.
; Fernandes, A.R.M.
; Gonçales, W.A.
; Cardoso, C.A.L.
; Brabes, K.C.S.
; Machado Neto, O.R.
.
The aim of this study was to evaluate intake, performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of lambs fed finishing diets containing 0%, 7.5% and 15% safflower seeds (Carthamus tinctorius) as a replacement for corn and soybean meal. Thirty-six male lambs with mean bodyweight of 17.9 ± 1.8 kg were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: C0: no safflower seeds, C7.5: 7.5%safflower seeds in diet (DM basis), and C15: 15% safflower seeds in diet (DM basis). The lambs were fed in pens of two and thus there were six replicates per treatment. Performance and carcass characteristics were not affected by including safflower seeds in their diet. Animals fed 7.5% safflower seeds had greater dry matter intake. There was a linear effect of increasing the redness (a*) of meat with the amount of safflower, where a mean of 15.77 was found for lambs that received the C15 diet. With increasing levels of safflower, the concentration of fatty acids C14:0, C17:0, and C22:1 increased. However, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, C18:2) was reduced in lambs fed C15. A concentration of 0.461 g/100 g meat was observed for animals that consumed C7.5. Thus, lambs fed a diet containing 7.5% safflower had the greatest dry matter intake, carcass fat, and concentration of conjugated linoleic acid in their meat, and enhanced meat colour.
https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v49i5.16
243 downloads
10.
Incidence of skin tumors in dogs in Salvador, Bahia state, Brazil (2007-2016)
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Machado, Gessica A.C.
; Fontes, Thanielle N.
; Larangeira, Daniela F.
; Estrela-Lima, Alessandra
; Moreira, Eduardo L.T.
; Ribeiro, Lorena S.
; Pinto, Marcela P.R.
; Peixoto, Tiago C.
.
RESUMO: Objetivou-se com esse estudo determinar a frequência de dermatopatias tumorais (lesões proliferativas cutâneas que cursam com aumento de volume de natureza neoplásicas ou não neoplásicas) em cães, diagnosticadas por exame histopatológico no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV) da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA) na série histórica de 10 anos (2007-2016). Dos 1.945 exames histopatológicos realizados no período, 503 tratava-se de biópsias cutâneas, dentre os quais, foram diagnosticados 617 dermatopatias (87 cães, 17,3%, apresentavam mais de um diagnóstico). Dos 617 diagnósticos de dermatopatias 546 (88,49%) foram tumorais e 71 (11,51%) não tumorais. As 546 dermatopatias tumorais, estudadas com mais ênfase, foram diagnosticadas em 453 cães, 468 (85,7%) eram neoplásicas e 78 (14,3%) não neoplásicas. Das 468 dermatopatias tumorais neoplásicas encontradas 230 foram benignas (49,14%), 215 malignas (45,94%), 23 borderline/epiteliomas (4,91%), 51,92% (243/468) de origem mesenquimal, 42,74% (200/468) epiteliais, 4,91% (23/468) melanocíticas e 0,43% (2/468) metastáticas para a pele (primárias de glândula mamária). As dermatopatias neoplásicas mais diagnosticadas foram o mastocitoma (14,7%) e o lipoma (7,48%). Dentre as 78 dermatopatias tumorais não neoplásicas (14,3%), os cistos de inclusão epidermal (39,74%) e o tricogranuloma (15,38%) foram os mais frequentes. As dermatopatias caninas representaram 26% da casuística no LPV/UFBA. A ocorrência de dermatopatias tumorais simultâneas distintas foi comum nos cães desse estudo (um a cada seis); como podem ter origens celulares e comportamentos biológicos diferentes, enfatiza-se a importância da coleta e envio para exame histopatológico de fragmentos das diferentes lesões cutâneas.
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to establish the incidence of skin tumors (cutaneous proliferative lesions of neoplastic or non-neoplastic nature) in dogs diagnosed by histopathological evaluation at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory (LPV) of the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) in a 10-year (2007-2016) historical series. Of the 1945 histopathological diagnoses made in this period, 503 were skin biopsies, and 617 dermatological problems (87 dogs, 17.3%, presented more than one positive diagnosis) were found. Of the 617 diagnoses of dermatopathy, 546 (88.49%) were tumors and 71 (11.51%) were non-tumorous alterations. The 546 conditions more profoundly studied were from 453 dogs, 468 (85.7%) neoplastic and 78 (14.3%) non-neoplastic tumors. The 468 neoplasms were classified as follows: 230 benign (49.14%), 215 malignant (45.94%), 23 borderline (epitheliomas) (4.91%), 51.92% (243/468) mesenchymal, 42.74% (200/468) epithelial, 4.91% (23/468) melanocytic, and 0.43% (2/468) metastatic (mammary gland). The most commonly diagnosed neoplastic dermatopathies were mastocytoma (14.7%) and lipoma (7.48%). Among the 78 non-neoplastic conditions (14.3%), epidermal inclusion cyst (39.74%) and trichogranuloma (15.38%) were the most frequent. Canine dermatopathies accounted for 26% of the biopsy files of the LPV-UFBA. Distinct simultaneous dermatological problems were frequently found in the dogs assessed (one in six). Considering that these conditions can present with different cellular origin and biological behavior, it is crucial that histopathological evaluation be performed in fragments from the different cutaneous lesions.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5686
1649 downloads
11.
Cardiac troponin I, fructosamine, and cardiovascular parameters in dogs with diabetes mellitus
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Soares, Frederico A.C.
; Machado, Letícia
; Carvalho, Guilherme L.
; González, Félix H.D.
; Poppl, Álan G.
.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrinopathy in dogs, however, the relationship between canine DM and cardiomyopathy is still unclear. The aims of this study were: to evaluate serum troponin I concentrations in diabetic dogs under treatment with insulin; to evaluate the hypothesis that the time of DM diagnosis could influence the troponin I concentration; and to evaluate the relationship between biochemical and cardiovascular parameters in diabetic dogs. This is a cross-sectional study including diabetic canine patients under NPH insulin treatment. Troponin I concentration, systolic blood pressure (SBP), complete blood count, serum fructosamine concentration, biochemical profile, and Doppler echocardiography assesments were carried out in each patient, as well as in age- and size- matched healthy controls. All diabetic dogs had concentrations of troponin I below the limits of detection of the assay. There was no difference between cardiovascular parameters between diabetic and healthy control dogs. There was no correlation between time of DM diagnosis and cardiovascular parameters. There was a significant positive correlation between SBP and fructosamine in diabetic dogs (r=0.54; P<0.01). Diabetic dogs receiving insulin treatment, regardless of the time of diagnosis, do not have significantly elevated serum troponin I. The results also suggest that fructosamine levels can be associated with high blood pressure, suggesting a possible correlation between fructosamine levels and vascular complications.
480 downloads
12.
Renovascular hypertension increases serum TNF and CX3CL1 in experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection
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Silva, M.C.
; Azevedo, M.A.
; Figueiredo, V.P.
; Moura Junior, M.R.
; Coelho Junior, D.
; Martinelli, P.M.
; Machado, R.P.
; Alzamora, A.C.
; Talvani, A.
.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
- Journal Metrics
Trypanosoma cruzi triggers a progressive inflammatory response affecting cardiovascular functions in humans and experimental models. Angiotensin II, a key effector of the renin-angiotensin system, plays roles in mediating hypertension, heart failure, and inflammatory responses. T. cruzi and AngII can induce inflammatory responses by releasing inflammatory mediators. The aim of this study was to evaluate systemic AngII, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and CX3CL1 mediators in a two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) renovascular hypertension model using Wistar rats infected with T. cruzi. Our data showed an increase in serum AngII in uninfected and T. cruzi-infected rats 1 week after 2K1C surgery compared to non-2K1C (Sham) animals. The baseline systolic blood pressure was higher in both uninfected and infected 2K1C rats. Despite no difference in circulating parasites in the acute phase of infection, elevated serum TNF and CX3CL1 were observed at 8 weeks post-infection in 2K1C rats in association with higher cardiac inflammatory infiltration. In summary, AngII-induced hypertension associated with T. cruzi infection may act synergistically to increase TNF and CX3CL1 in the 2K1C rat model, thereby intensifying cardiac inflammatory infiltration and worsening the underlying inflammation triggered by this protozoan.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20186690
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13.
Antiproliferative activity in tumor cell lines, antioxidant capacity and total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents of Myrciaria floribunda
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TIETBOHL, LUIS A.C.
; OLIVEIRA, ADRIANA P.
; ESTEVES, RICARDO S.
; ALBUQUERQUE, RICARDO D.D.G.
; FOLLY, DIOGO
; MACHADO, FRANCISCO P.
; CORRÊA, ARTHUR L.
; SANTOS, MARCELO G.
; RUIZ, ANA L.G.
; ROCHA, LEANDRO
.
ABSTRACT Myrciaria floribunda (H. West ex Willd.) O. Berg, Myrtaceae, is a native plant species of the Atlantic Rain Forest, from north to south of Brazil. The lyophilized ethyl acetate extract from the leaves of M. floribunda was investigated for its antiproliferative activity in tumor cell lines, antioxidant capacity and its total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents. Antiproliferative activity was tested in vitro against seven human cancer cells and against immortalized human skin keratinocytes line (HaCat, no cancer cell). Antioxidant activity was determined using 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC) assays and total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents were determined by spectrophotometric techniques. Ethyl acetate extract of M. floribunda exhibited antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines with total growth inhibition (TGI) between 69.70 and 172.10 µg/mL. For HaCat cell, TGI value was 213.60 µg/mL. M. floribunda showed a strong antioxidant potential: EC50 of 45.89±0.42 µg/mL and 0.55±0.05 mmol TE/g for DPPH and ORAC, respectively. Total phenolic content was 0.23±0.013g gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g extract and exhibited 13.10±1.60% of tannins content. The content of flavonoid was 24.08±0.44% expressed as rutin equivalents. These results provide a direction for further researches about the antitumoral potential of M. floribunda.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720160461
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14.
Fixed-flexion knee radiography using a new positioning device produced highly repeatable measurements of joint space width: ELSA-Brasil Musculoskeletal Study (ELSA-Brasil MSK)
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Telles, Rosa Weiss
; Costa-Silva, Luciana
; Machado, Luciana A.C.
; Reis, Rodrigo Citton Padilha dos
; Barreto, Sandhi Maria
.
Resumo Objetivo: Descrever o desempenho de um protocolo radiográfico em flexão fixa sem fluoroscopia em incidência PA com um novo posicionador, desenvolvido para a avaliação da osteoartrite de joelho (OA) no estudo ELSA-Brasil ME. Material e métodos: Fez-se um estudo de teste e reteste que incluiu 19 adultos (38 imagens de joelho). A viabilidade do protocolo radiográfico foi avaliada por meio de parâmetros de qualidade da imagem e presença de alinhamento radioanatômico de acordo com as medidas da distância intermarginal (DIM). Avaliaram-se a repetibilidade dos valores de DIM e do espaço articular (EA) em três locais diferentes. Resultados: Aproximadamente 90% das imagens de joelho apresentaram uma qualidade excelente. As frequências de imagens com alinhamento radioanatômico quase perfeito (DIM<1mm) variaram de 29% a 50%, e de alinhamento satisfatório (DIM<1,5mm e <1,7mm) de 71% a 76%, respectivamente. As análises de repetibilidade produziram os seguintes resultados: DIM [DP da média das diferenças = 1,08; coeficiente de variação (% CV) = 54,68%; coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) (IC 95%) = 0,59 (0,34 a 0,77)]; EA [DP da média das diferenças = 0,34 a 0,61; % CV = 4,48% a 9,80%; CCI (IC 95%) = 0,74 (0,55 a 0,85) a 0,94 (0,87 a 0,97]. Encontraram-se medidas adequadamente reprodutíveis de DIM e EA em 68% e 87% das imagens, respectivamente. Conclusões: Apesar da dificuldade de obter um alinhamento radioanatômico consistente entre radiografias repetidas em termos de DIM, o protocolo produziu medições de EA altamente repetíveis quando essas foram tomadas no ponto médio e a 10 mm da extremidade medial do platô tibial medial. Portanto, as medidas de EA nesses locais podem ser consideradas adequadas para a avaliação da OA de joelho no estudo ELSA-Brasil ME.
Abstract Objective: To describe the performance of a non-fluoroscopic fixed-flexion PA radiographic protocol with a new positioning device, developed for the assessment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health Musculoskeletal Study (ELSA-Brasil MSK). Material and methods: A test–retest design including 19 adults (38 knee images) was conducted. Feasibility of the radiographic protocol was assessed by image quality parameters and presence of radioanatomic alignment according to intermargin distance (IMD) values. Repeatability was assessed for IMD and joint space width (JSW) measured at three different locations. Results: Approximately 90% of knee images presented excellent quality. Frequencies of nearly perfect radioanatomic alignment (IMD ≤1 mm) ranged from 29% to 50%, and satisfactory alignment was found in up to 71% and 76% of the images (IMD ≤1.5 mm and ≤1.7 mm, respectively). Repeatability analyses yielded the following results: IMD [SD of mean difference = 1.08; coefficient of variation (%CV) = 54.68%; intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (95%CI) = 0.59 (0.34–0.77)]; JSW [SD of mean difference = 0.34–0.61; %CV = 4.48%–9.80%; ICC (95%CI) = 0.74 (0.55–0.85)–0.94 (0.87–0.97)]. Adequately reproducible measurements of IMD and JSW were found in 68% and 87% of the images, respectively. Conclusions: Despite the difficulty in achieving consistent radioanatomic alignment between subsequent radiographs in terms of IMD, the protocol produced highly repeatable JSW measurements when these were taken at midpoint and 10 mm from the medial extremity of the medial tibial plateau. Therefore, measurements of JSW at these locations can be considered adequate for the assessment of knee OA in ELSA-Brasil MSK.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbre.2016.11.010
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15.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
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