We created a fast and effective thin-layer chromatography method to detect homoisoflavones in Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce (POD), demonstrating high sensitivity, specificity, and stability. Utilizing this method, we assessed the quality of 20 commercial batches of POD. Our results indicated that homoisoflavones (III, IV, and V) were present in 8 samples, absent in 7, and detected in 5. This method facilitates the effective evaluation of POD germplasm resources, laying a strong foundation for enhancing quality standards. This advancement aids in the standardization and quality control of POD, ensuring the consistency of its active ingredients and thereby supporting its therapeutic applications. thinlayer thin layer Mill. Mill (Mill. , (POD) sensitivity specificity stability 2 III, III (III IV V samples 7 5 resources standards applications (Mill (POD

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to develop and internally validate a prediction model for estimating the risk of spontaneous abortion in early pregnancy. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 9,895 pregnant women who received prenatal care at a maternal health facility in China from January 2021 to December 2022. Data on demographics, medical history, lifestyle factors, and mental health were collected. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to develop the prediction model with spontaneous abortion as the outcome. The model was internally validated using bootstrapping techniques, and its discrimination and calibration were assessed. Results: The spontaneous abortion rate was 5.95% (589/9,895) 1. The final prediction model included nine variables: maternal age, history of embryonic arrest, thyroid dysfunction, polycystic ovary syndrome, assisted reproduction, exposure to pollution, recent home renovation, depression score, and stress score 1. The model showed good discrimination with a C-statistic of 0.88 (95% CI 0.87‒0.90) 1, and its calibration was adequate based on the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (p = 0.27). Conclusions: The prediction model demonstrated good performance in estimating spontaneous abortion risk in early pregnancy based on demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors. Further external validation is recommended before clinical application. Objective Methods 9895 9 895 9,89 202 2022 demographics factors collected outcome techniques assessed Results 595 5 95 5.95 589/9,895 5899895 589 (589/9,895 1 variables age arrest dysfunction syndrome reproduction pollution renovation Cstatistic C statistic 088 0 88 0.8 95% (95 0.87‒0.90 087090 87 90 HosmerLemeshow Hosmer Lemeshow p 0.27. 027 0.27 . 27 0.27) Conclusions demographic application 989 89 9,8 20 59 5.9 589/9,89 589989 58 (589/9,89 08 8 0. (9 0.87‒0.9 08709 02 0.2 2 98 9, 5. 589/9,8 58998 (589/9,8 ( 0.87‒0. 0870 589/9, 5899 (589/9, 0.87‒0 087 589/9 (589/9 0.87‒ 589/ (589/ 0.87 (589 (58 (5

A series of 4H-pyran derivatives were synthesized through a three-component condensation reaction in a pot using aromatic aldehyde, cyclohexanedione, and malononitrile in the dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid/H2O microemulsion system. This protocol is attractive because dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid microemulsion is superior for organic reaction due to its dual catalysis. On the one hand, dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid acts as a Brønsted acid to catalyze the reaction; on the other hand, it can form a microemulsion as surfactant to enlarge the boundary area and entrap water produced during esterification reaction. In addition, the reaction process is simple, with high liaison formation effciency, good yields, and environmentally harmless reaction conditions. The dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid/H2O microemulsion system was equally effective when used in consecutive reactions. 4Hpyran Hpyran 4H pyran H threecomponent three component aldehyde cyclohexanedione acidH2O acidHO H2O O catalysis hand addition simple effciency yields conditions reactions acidH HO

Abstract This study aimed to compare the effects of diet and exercise of different intensities on antioxidant function, aortic endothelial cell function and serum lipids in NAFLD (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) rats. Fifty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (180-220g) were randomly divided into two experimental groups and fed either a standard rodent chow diet (CON; n=10) or a high-fat diet (HFD; n=40). After 16 weeks, the animals that received the HFD were randomly separated into a high-fat control group (HFC; n=10) or three exercise training groups: HFD and low-intensity exercise (LE; n=10), HFD and moderate-intensity exercise (ME; n=10), and HFD and incremental intensity exercise (IE; n=10). These experimental rats keep sedentary or trained for the next six weeks. A detection kit was used to detect nitric oxide synthase (NOs), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and other markers of aortic oxidative stress. The expression levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (e-NOS) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were detected by immunohistochemistry. TC, TG, and other lipid metabolism parameters were detected by an automatic analyzer. Exercise with different intensities could improve lipid metabolism, enhance antioxidant function, reduce MDA (P<0.01), increase NO (P<0.01), and improve the expression of e-NOS and ET-1 (P<0.01) protein levels in NAFLD rats. Decreased blood lipids were exhibited in all exercise groups. Notably, the moderate-intensity exercise demonstrated more effect on increasing glutathione (GSH) contents (P<0.01) and decreased the expression of ET-1 protein levels (P<0.01). The results showed that exercise at different intensities improved lipid metabolism and enhanced anti-oxidation function. Moderate exercise could improve the function of aortic endothelial cells.

Resumen Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar los efectos de la dieta y el ejercicio a diferentes intensidades sobre la función antioxidante, la función de las células endoteliales aórticas y los lípidos séricos en ratas NAFLD (con enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico) y alimentados con una dieta estándar para roedores (CON; n = 10) o con una dieta alta en grasas (HFD; n = 40). Después de 16 semanas, los animales que recibieron HFD se separaron aleatoriamente en un grupo de control alto en grasas (HFC; n=10) o tres grupos de entrenamiento físico: HFD y ejercicio de baja intensidad (LE; n=10), HFD y ejercicio de intensidad moderada (ME; n=10), y HFD y ejercicio de intensidad incremental (IE; n=10). Estas ratas experimentales se mantuvieron sedentarias o entrenadas durante las próximas seis semanas. Se utilizó un kit de detección para determinar óxido nítrico sintetasa (NO), óxido nítrico (NO), malondialdehído (MDA) y otros marcadores de estrés oxidativo aórtico. Los niveles de expresión de la óxido nítrico sintetasa endotelial (e-NOS) y endotelina-1 (ET-1) se detectaron mediante inmunohistoquímica. El analizador automático detectó TC, TG y otros parámetros del metabolismo de los lípidos. El ejercicio con diferente intensidad mejoró el metabolismo de los lípidos, mejoró la función antioxidante, redujo la MDA (P <0,01), aumentó el NO (P <0,01) y mejoró la expresión de los niveles de proteína e-NOS y ET-1 (P <0,01) en ratas NAFLD. Se observó una disminución de los lípidos en sangre en todos los grupos de ejercicio. En particular, el ejercicio de intensidad moderada demostró un mayor efecto en el aumento del contenido de glutatión (GSH) (P<0,01) y disminuyó la expresión de los niveles de proteína ET-1 (P<0,01). Los resultados mostraron que el ejercicio a diferentes intensidades mejoró el metabolismo de los lípidos y mejoró función antioxidante. El ejercicio moderado podría mejorar la función de las células endoteliales aórticas.

A series of novel 2-(thiophen-2-yl)-4H-chromen-3-yl-sulfonate derivatives (4a-4n) were synthesized and investigated for their in vitro free radical scavenging potential as well as cytotoxic efficacies against selected cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity of the 4H-chromene derivatives (4a-4n) was evaluated according to three human cancer cell lines (HepG2, A549, HeLa) by utilizing a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Accordingly, part of the results exhibited better cytotoxic activities than that of the positive controls (4H-chromen-4-one and apigenin). Among them, compounds 4c-4g exhibited better training to the positive control against the three human cancer cell lines (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 3.87 ± 0.12 to 21.38 ± 0.52 μM). Moreover, the extract of the 4H-chromene derivatives (4a-4n) showed better activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) in antioxidant assays compared to that of the positive control ascorbic acid (IC50 = 12.72 ± 0.27, 5.09 ± 0.21 μg mL−1). Thus, it can be confirmed from the bioassay results that the overall structural design, as well as proper substitution, is crucial in delivering anticipated biological effects. In this regard, spectroscopic techniques such as 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) were also carried out to confirm the final structures.