In the water/triethanolamine/ethanol system, TiCl4 aqueous solution is used as the precursor to regulate the conversion rate of TiCl4 by changing the reaction temperature, water volume, pH value, and ethanol amount. The experiment uses a single-factor method to investigate the dynamic relationship between Ti4+ concentration and time under various factors, thereby achieving controllable TiO2 production. The experimental results showed that under a single factor, the conversion rate showed a trend of first steep and then slow growth within 180 min. After 180 min, the conversion rate tended to stabilize. Considering various factors, it was found that VTiCl4:VC6H15NO3:VH2O:VC2H5OH = 1:6:15:30, pH = 7, reaction time at room temperature was 4 h, and the hydrolysis effect was good. The final conversion rate was 90.46%, and the hydrolysis reaction conforms to the first-order reaction equation. Kinetic parameters: pre-factor (A) = 0.107, activation energy (Ea) = 4488.65 J mol-1. watertriethanolamineethanol triethanolamine system TiCl volume value amount singlefactor factor Ti4 Ti factors TiO production 18 min stabilize VTiCl4VC6H15NO3VH2OVC2H5OH VTiClVCHNOVHOVCHOH VTiCl4 VC6H15NO3 VH2O VC2H5OH VTiCl VC H NO VH O OH 161530, 161530 1 6 15 30, 30 1:6:15:30 7 h good 9046 90 46 90.46% firstorder order equation parameters prefactor pre A (A 0107 0 107 0.107 Ea (Ea 448865 4488 65 4488.6 mol1. mol1 mol 1. mol-1 OVC VCHNO VC6H15NO VHO VCHOH 16153 3 1:6:15:3 904 9 90.46 010 10 0.10 44886 448 4488. mol- 1615 1:6:15: 90.4 01 0.1 44 161 1:6:15 90. 0. 16 1:6:1 1:6: 1:6 1:

ABSTRACT Over the last two decades, coastal conservation has transitioned from traditional engineering methods to more comprehensive, nature-based solutions, marking a pivotal era in coastal protection from 2000 to 2023. This literature review delves into the evolution of coastal protection technologies by analyzing 99 articles selected from extensive database searches covering the period up to December 2023. It highlights the significant technologies linked to stakeholder involvement, forthcoming challenges, and emerging trends in coastal defense. The insights gained underscore the importance of collaborative efforts among stakeholders to enhance coastal protection practices, fostering a sustainable coastal economy. Ultimately, effective coastal defense is crucial for the immediate safety of coastal communities and the enduring health of coastal ecosystems and economies. decades comprehensive naturebased nature based solutions 200 2023 9 involvement challenges practices economy Ultimately economies 20 202 2

RESUMEN En las últimas dos décadas, la conservación costera ha pasado de métodos tradicionales de ingeniería a soluciones más integrales y basadas en la naturaleza, marcando una era crucial en la protección costera desde 2000 hasta 2023. Esta revisión profundiza en la evolución de las tecnologías de protección costera a través del análisis de 99 artículos seleccionados de extensas búsquedas en bases de datos, cubriendo el período hasta diciembre de 2023. Destaca las tecnologías significativas relacionadas con la participación de los interesados, los desafíos futuros y las tendencias emergentes en la defensa costera. Las percepciones obtenidas subrayan la importancia de los esfuerzos colaborativos entre los interesados para mejorar las prácticas de protección costera, fomentando una economía costera sostenible. En última instancia, una defensa costera efectiva es crucial no solo para la seguridad inmediata de las comunidades costeras, sino también para la salud a largo plazo de los ecosistemas y economías costeras. décadas naturaleza 200 2023 9 datos sostenible instancia costeras 20 202 2

RESUMO Nas últimas duas décadas, a conservação costeira passou de métodos tradicionais de engenharia para soluções mais abrangentes e baseadas na natureza, marcando uma era crucial na proteção costeira de 2000 a 2023. Esta revisão aprofunda-se na evolução das tecnologias de proteção costeira por meio de uma análise de 99 artigos selecionados a partir de extensas pesquisas em bases de dados, cobrindo o período até dezembro de 2023. Destaca as tecnologias significativas relacionadas ao envolvimento dos interessados, aos desafios futuros e às tendências emergentes na defesa costeira. As percepções obtidas sublinham a importância dos esforços colaborativos entre os interessados para melhorar as práticas de proteção costeira, fomentando uma economia costeira sustentável. Em última análise, uma defesa costeira eficaz é crucial não só para a segurança imediata das comunidades costeiras, mas também para a saúde duradoura dos ecossistemas e economias costeiras. décadas natureza 200 2023 aprofundase aprofunda se 9 dados sustentável costeiras 20 202 2

ABSTRACT Background: Ovarian cancer is a fatal gynecologic malignancy. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been verified to serve as key regulator in ovarian cancer tumorigenesis. Objective: The aim of the study was to study the functions and mechanism of lncRNA PITPNA-AS1 in ovarian cancer cellular process. Methods: Clinical ovarian cancer samples were collected and stored at an academic medical center. Cellular fractionation assays and fluorescence in situ hybridization were conducted to locate PITPNA-AS1 in OC cells. TUNEL staining, colony-forming assays, and Transwell assays were performed for evaluating cell apoptosis as well as proliferative and migratory abilities. Western blot was conducted for quantifying protein levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers. The binding relation between genes was verified by RNA pulldown, RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays. Gene expression levels in ovarian cancer tissues and cells were subjected to RT-qPCR. Results: PITPNA-AS1 level was downregulated in ovarian cancer samples and cells. PITPNA-AS1 overexpression contributed to the accelerated ovarian cancer cell apoptosis and inhibited cell migration, proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. In addition, PITPNA-AS1 interacted with miR-223-3p to regulate RHOB. RHOB knockdown partially counteracted the repressive impact of PITPNA-AS1 on ovarian cancer cell activities. Conclusion: PITPNA-AS1 inhibited ovarian cancer cellular behaviors by targeting miR-223-3p and regulating RHOB. (Rev Invest Clin. 2024;76(2):103-15)

Resumo Gardenia jasminoides Ellis é um fitoterápico chinês com valor medicinal e econômico, mas seu mecanismo de resposta ao estresse hídrico permanece obscuro. Neste estudo, o “método de potes duplos” foi usado para simular o estresse hídrico de G. jasminoides Ellis e explorar seu mecanismo de resposta fisiológica e transcriptômica. Não encontramos danos significativos aos lipídios da membrana de G. jasminoides Ellis durante o estresse. POD desempenhou um papel antioxidante vital, o enriquecimento KEGG mostrou que metabólitos secundários, como flavonoides, também podem desempenhar um papel antioxidante e PRO desempenhou um ajuste osmótico significativo. Os hormônios endógenos regulam o crescimento e o desenvolvimento de G. jasminoides Ellis e desempenham um papel na transdução de sinal. Entre eles, o estresse hídrico leve é retardado. Ao mesmo tempo, havia 19631, 23693 e 15045 genes diferencialmente expressos de G. jasminoides Ellis nos dias 5, 10 e 15 sob estresse hídrico. Esses genes foram intimamente associados ao proteassoma, endopeptidase, ribossomo, transdução de sinal MAPK e transdução de sinal de hormônio endógeno, interação planta-patógeno e biossíntese de fenilpropanoides e outras vias fisiológicas e metabólicas, que regulam o turnover e transporte de proteínas, o reforço e adesão das paredes celulares, a indução do fechamento estomático, reações alérgicas, reações de defesa, movimentos foliares, entre outros. Também podem absorver os raios ultravioleta para reduzir a geração de radicais livres de oxigênio, alterar a forma de utilização da energia e ajustar a pressão osmótica das células vegetais.

Abstract Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is a Chinese herbal medicine with medicinal and economic value, but its mechanism of response to waterlogging stress remains unclear. In this study, the “double pots method” was used to simulate the waterlogging stress of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis to explore its physiological and transcriptomic response mechanism. We found no significant damage to Gardenia jasminoides Ellis membrane lipid during stress. POD played a vital antioxidant role, KEGG enrichment showed that secondary metabolites such as flavonoids might also play an antioxidant role, and PRO played a significant osmotic adjustment. Endogenous hormones regulate the Gardenia jasminoides Ellis's growth and development and play a role in signal transduction. Among them, light waterlogging stress is delayed. At the same time, there were 19631, 23693, and 15045 differentially expressed genes on the 5th, 10d, and 15d of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis under waterlogging stress. These genes were closely associated with the proteasome, endopeptidase, ribosome, MAPK signal transduction, and endogenous hormone signal transduction, plant-pathogen interaction and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and other physiological and metabolic pathways, which regulate the turnover and transportation of protein, the reinforcement and adhesion of cell walls, the induction of stomatal closure, allergic reactions, defense reactions, leaf movements and others. It also can absorb ultraviolet rays to reduce the generation of oxygen free radicals, change the way of energy utilization and adjust the osmotic pressure of plant cells.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of seasonal thermal stress on serum hormones, oxidative status, and immune response of periparturient dairy cows. A total of 32 healthy Holstein dairy cows in the perinatal period with the same date of delivery were selected (eight cows per season) and housed in a free-stall barn. Different seasons corresponded to different temperature-humidity indices (THI). Regression analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between THI and rectal temperature and respiratory rate. On the day of calving, the level of progesterone and oestradiol increased and prolactin decreased substantially at a high THI. For oxidative stress biomarkers, the contents of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were substantially higher at a low THI. Glutathione peroxidase was increased at a high THI. For immune responses, the data indicated that low and high THI conditions led to an increase in interleukin-2 and interleukin-10. Low THI cows exhibited a substantially higher level of tumour necrosis factor-a before calving. Oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and endocrine imbalance therefore occur in lactating dairy cows in hot summers and cold-wet winters in comparison with comfortable seasons.

Résumé: Après la promulgation de la loi sur le mariage de la République populaire de Chine en 1950, les œuvres littéraires dérivées du besoin de publicité ont des implications politiques et une signification disciplinaire distinctes. Parce que le problème du divorce a la rationalité des “droits libres” et la sensibilité de l’agitation sociale, le récit du “divorce” à cette époque se situe dans une certaine mesure entre la politique et la réalité. D’une part, les œuvres littéraires doivent promouvoir positivement le concept juridique de “liberté de divorce” et, d’autre part, elles doivent être soumises à un traitement narratif insensible. Les récits de divorce sont donc vagues et capricieux. Toutefois, la littérature a comblé dans une certaine mesure le fossé entre la loi et la réalité en réimaginant les problèmes réels causés par le divorce. Résumé 1950 distinctes droits libres lagitation l agitation sociale “divorce Dune D part liberté dautre d autre insensible capricieux Toutefois 195 19 1

Abstract: After the promulgation of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China in 1950, literary works engendered from the exigencies of publicity held distinct policy implications and disciplinary significance. Given that the issue of divorce encapsulates both the rationale of “free rights” and the sensibility of social disorder, the narrative of “divorce” during this period is, to some extent, situated between politics and reality. On the one hand, literary works must positively advocate the legal concept of “divorce freedom”, while, on the other hand, they must also undergo a delicately nuanced narrative processing to circumvent sensitivities. Consequently, the depiction of divorce narratives is characterized by ambiguity and capriciousness. Nonetheless, literature has to some extent bridged the gap between law and reality by reimagining the genuine predicaments triggered by divorce. Abstract Peoples People s 1950 significance free rights disorder hand freedom, freedom , freedom” while sensitivities Consequently capriciousness Nonetheless 195 19 1

SUMMARY Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) is a rare adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH)-independent Cushing's syndrome (CS). Pediatric patients with PPNAD typically have unusual skin lesions and slow growth with unknown causes. We present a case of a female Chinese patient with PPNAD caused by the germline PRKACA gene copy number gain of chromosome 19. The patient initially presented with kidney stones, short stature, and obesity. After further testing, it was discovered that the patient had diabetes, mild hypertension, low bone mass, a low ACTH level, and hypercortisolemia, and neither the low-dose or high-dose dexamethasone suppression test was able to inhibit hematuric cortisol, which paradoxically increased. PPNAD was pathologically diagnosed after unilateral adrenalectomy. Chromosome microarrays and whole exon sequencing analyses of the peripheral blood, as well as testing of sectioned adrenal tissue, showed a rise in the copy number of the duplication-containing PRKACA gene on chromosome 19p13.13p13.12, a de novo but not heritable gene defect that causes disease. The clinical signs and symptoms supported the diagnosis of Carney complex (CNC). One significant mechanism of CNC pathogenesis may be the rise in germline PRKACA copy number of chromosome 19. When assessing PPNAD patients for CNC, the possibility of PRKACA gene amplification should be considered. The effect of PRKACA gene amplification on the clinical manifestations of CNC needs to be confirmed by more cases. (PPNAD ACTHindependent independent Cushings Cushing s CS. CS . (CS) 19 stones stature obesity diabetes hypertension mass level hypercortisolemia lowdose dose highdose high cortisol increased adrenalectomy blood tissue duplicationcontaining duplication containing 19p1313p1312 pp 19p13 13p13 12 p 19p13.13p13.12 CNC. (CNC) considered cases (CS 1 19p1313p131 19p1 13p1 19p13.13p13.1 (CNC 19p1313p13 19p 13p 19p13.13p13. 19p1313p1 19p13.13p13 19p1313p 19p13.13p1 19p13.13p

ABSTRACT The study aimed to investigate the effect of methionine deficiency on conventional nutrient composition, NO and NOS activity in the liver and kidney, and expression of genes related to the NF-κB signal pathway. One hundred 1-day-old broilers were divided into control and methionine deficiency group, and provided with a standard diet. The methionine-deficient group was fed with a methionine-deficient diet for 42 days. Moisture content, protein content, and crude lipid content were determined by freeze drying, the Kjeldahl method, and the ether extraction method. The concentration of NO was measured using the nitrate reductase method, and the activity of NOS was measured using colorimetry. mRNA expression of related genes in the NF-κB signal pathway was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed the contents of crude protein and crude lipid in the liver and kidney of the methionine-deficient group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05 or p<0.01). There was no significant change in dry matter (p>0.05). Methionine deficiency resulted in significantly increased NO concentration and total nitric oxide synthase (TNOS) activities in the liver and kidney (p<0.01). In contrast, cNOS and inducible iNOS activities significantly decreased (p<0.01). The expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1, and IL-6 mRNA, which are related to the NF-κB signal pathway of the methionine-deficient group, were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05 or p<0.01). It is concluded that long-term feeding diets lacking methionine will lead to changes in nutrient composition and inflammatory injury of the liver and kidney. NFκB NF κB 1dayold dayold 1 day old methioninedeficient deficient 4 days drying method colorimetry transcriptionpolymerase transcription polymerase RTPCR. RTPCR RT PCR . (RT-PCR) p<0.05 p005 p 0 05 (p<0.0 p<0.01. p001 p<0.01 01 p<0.01) p>0.05. p>0.05 (p>0.05) TNOS (TNOS (p<0.01) contrast NFκB, κB, TNFα, TNFα TNF α, α TNF-α IFNγ, IFNγ IFN γ, γ IFN-γ IL1, IL1 IL 1, IL-1 IL6 6 IL- longterm long term (RT-PCR p<0.0 p00 (p<0. p>0.0 (p>0.05 (p<0.01 p<0. p0 (p<0 p>0. (p>0.0 p<0 (p< p>0 (p>0. p< (p p> (p>0 (p>

Abstract Objective To explore the feasibility of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in regenerative endodontics by comparing the effect of i-PRF and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the biological behavior and angiogenesis of human stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs). Methodology i-PRF and PRF were obtained from venous blood by two different centrifugation methods, followed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to quantify the growth factors. SCAPs were cultured with different concentrations of i-PRF extract (i-PRFe) and PRF extract (PRFe), and the optimal concentrations were selected using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The cell proliferation and migration potentials of SCAPs were then observed using the CCK-8 and Transwell assays. Mineralization ability was detected by alizarin red staining (ARS), and angiogenesis ability was detected by tube formation assay. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to evaluate the expression of genes related to mineralization and angiogenesis. The data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results i-PRF and PRF showed a similar three-dimensional fibrin structure, while i-PRF released a higher concentration of growth factors than PRF ( P <.05). 1/4× i-PRFe and 1/4× PRFe were selected as the optimal concentrations. The cell proliferation rate of the i-PRFe group was higher than that of the PRFe group ( P <.05), while no statistical difference was observed between them in terms of cell mitigation ( P >.05). More importantly, our results showed that i-PRFe had a stronger effect on SCAPs than PRFe in facilitating mineralization and angiogenesis, with the consistent result of RT-qPCR ( P <.05). Conclusion This study revealed that i-PRF released a higher concentration of growth factors and was superior to PRF in promoting proliferation, mineralization and angiogenesis of SCAPs, which indicates that i-PRF could be a promising biological scaffold for application in pulp regeneration. plateletrich platelet rich iPRF i (i-PRF (PRF SCAPs. . (SCAPs) methods hematoxylineosin hematoxylin eosin HE (HE SEM. SEM (SEM) Enzymelinked Enzyme linked ELISA (ELISA iPRFe (i-PRFe PRFe, , (PRFe) Kit8 Kit 8 Kit- CCK8 CCK (CCK-8 CCK- assays ARS, ARS (ARS) Realtime Real time RTqPCR RT qPCR (RT-qPCR analysis threedimensional three dimensional structure <.05. 05 <.05 <.05) 14 1 4 1/4 <.05, >.05. >.05 >.05) importantly regeneration (SCAPs (SEM (PRFe (CCK- (ARS 0 <.0 1/ >.0 (CCK <. >. < >

Abstract Background Dermatomyositis (DM) is an infrequent disease subgroup of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies characterized by distinct skin lesions. However, high heterogeneity makes clinical diagnosis and treatment of DM very challenging. Objectives Unsupervised classification in DM patients and analysis of key factors related to clinical outcomes. Methods This retrospective study was conducted between 2017 and 2022 at the Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University. 162 DM patients were enrolled for unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis. In addition, we divided the clinical outcomes of DM patients into four subgroups: withdrawal, stabilization, aggravation, and death, and compared the clinical profiles amongst the subgroups. Results Out of 162 DM patients, three clusters were defined. Cluster 1 (n = 40) was mainly grouped by patients with prominent muscular involvement and mild Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD). Cluster 2 (n = 72) grouped patients with skin rash, anti-Melanoma Differentiation Associated protein 5 positive (anti-MDA5+), and Rapid Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease (RP-ILD). Cluster 3 (n = 50) grouped patients with the mildest symptoms. The proportion of death increased across the three clusters (cluster 3 < cluster 1 < cluster 2). Study limitations The number of cases was limited for the subsequent construction and validation of predictive models. We did not review all skin symptoms or pathological changes in detail. Conclusions We reclassified DM into three clusters with different risks for poor outcome based on diverse clinical profiles. Clinical serological testing and cluster analysis are necessary to help clinicians evaluate patients during follow-up and conduct phenotype-based personalized care in DM. (DM lesions However challenging 201 202 Rheumatology Hospital University 16 addition subgroups withdrawal stabilization aggravation defined n 40 ILD. ILD . (ILD) 72 rash antiMelanoma anti Melanoma antiMDA5+, antiMDA5 antiMDA MDA5+ , MDA5 MDA (anti-MDA5+) RPILD. RPILD RP (RP-ILD) 50 2. 2) models detail followup follow up phenotypebased phenotype 20 4 (ILD 7 antiMDA5+ (anti-MDA5+ (RP-ILD (anti-MDA5 (anti-MDA

Abstract Hanyou 3015 is a new Indica hybrid of water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR), combining rapid maturation and high yield potential. Whole genome sequencing results show that Hanyou 3015 carries many superior alleles that could explain its drought tolerance, high water use efficiency, rapid maturation, and wide adaptability. 301 watersaving saving droughtresistance resistance WDR, WDR , (WDR) potential tolerance efficiency adaptability 30 (WDR 3

Abstract Background Varicocele is an abnormal expansion of the pampininias venous plexus in the scrotum, resulting in impaired sperm production and reduced sperm quality. The exact pathophysiological mechanism leading to varicocele-related infertility has not been fully elucidated. Although treatable, varicocele may lead to male infertility. Objective To investigate the relationship between semen parameters, serum InhB and INSL-3 levels, and the degree of varicocele in male patients. Methods Serum InhB and INSL-3 were detected. To evaluate the relationship between semen parameters and serum InhB and INSL-3 levels. To evaluate the value of semen parameters and serum InhB and INSL-3 levels in distinguishing disease severity in patients with varicocele. Results Serum INSL-3 in patients with varicocele decreased with the severity of the disease. Serum INSL-3 was positively correlated with total sperm count and frequency of normal sperm morphology. There was a weak correlation between serum InhB and semen volume, concentration, and total sperm. Patients with different disease severity were similar within the groups, with partial overlap or similarity between varicocele Grade I and Grade II, and significant differences between Grade III and Grade I and II. Semen volume, concentration, total sperm, normal sperm morphology, and serum InhB and INSL-3 levels could distinguish the degree of varicocele. Conclusion Semen parameters and the combination of serum InhB and INSL-3 levels in patients with varicocele are closely related to the severity of the disease. Serum INSL-3 is expected to be a potential biomarker for early clinical intervention. scrotum quality varicocelerelated elucidated treatable INSL3 INSL 3 INSL- detected morphology volume concentration groups II intervention

ABSTRACT Despite good hepatitis B virus (HBV) inhibition by nucleoside analogs (NAs), cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still occur. This study proposed a non-invasive predictive model to assess HCC risk in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) receiving NAs treatment. Data were obtained from a hospital-based retrospective cohort registered on the Platform of Medical Data Science Academy of Chongqing Medical University, from 2013 to 2019. A total of 501 patients under NAs treatment had their FIB-4 index updated semiannually by recalculation based on laboratory values. Patients were divided into three groups based on FIB-4 index values: < 1.45, 1.45–3.25, and ≥ 3.25. Subsequently, HCC incidence was reassessed every six months using Kaplan-Meier curves based on the updated FIB-4 index. The median follow-up time of CHB patients after receiving NAs treatment was 2.5 years. HCC incidences with FIB-4 index < 1.45, 1.45–3.25, and ≥ 3.25 were 1.18%, 1.32%, and 9.09%, respectively. Dynamic assessment showed that the percentage of patients with FIB-4 index < 1.45 significantly increased semiannually (P < 0.001), and of patients with FIB-4 index ≥ 3.25 significantly decreased (P < 0.001). HCC incidence was the highest among patients with FIB-4 index ≥ 3.25. The FIB-4 index effectively predicted HCC incidence, and its dynamic assessment could be used for regular surveillance to implement early intervention and reduce HCC risk. HBV (HBV NAs, , (NAs) (HCC occur noninvasive non invasive (CHB hospitalbased hospital University 201 2019 50 FIB4 FIB 4 FIB- values 145 1 45 145325 3 25 1.45–3.25 325 Subsequently KaplanMeier Kaplan Meier followup follow up 2 5 2. years 3.2 118 18 1.18% 132 32 1.32% 909 9 09 9.09% respectively 1.4 P 0.001, 0001 0.001 0 001 0.001) 0.001. . (NAs 20 14 14532 1.45–3.2 3. 11 1.18 13 1.32 90 9.09 1. 000 0.00 00 1453 1.45–3. 1.1 1.3 9.0 0.0 1.45–3 9. 0. 1.45–

Abstract Objective This study investigated the significance of serum hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α/HIF-2 α and Chitinase 3-Like protein 1 (YKL-40) levels in the assessment of vascular invasion and prognostic outcomes in patients with Follicular Thyroid Cancer (FTC). Methods This prospective study comprised 83 patients diagnosed with FTC, who were subsequently categorized into a recurrence group (17 cases) and a non-recurrence group (66 cases). The pathological features of tumor vascular invasion were classified. Serum HIF-1α/HIF-2α and YKL-40 were quantified using a dual antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while serum Thyroglobulin (Tg) levels were measured using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method. The Spearman test was employed to assess the correlation between serum factors, and the predictive value of diagnostic factors was determined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was utilized to analyze independent factors influencing prognosis. Results Serum HIF-1α, HIF-2α, YKL-40, and Tg were elevated in patients exhibiting higher vascular invasion. A significant positive correlation was observed between Tg and HIF-1α, as well as between HIF-1α and YKL-40. The cut-off values for HIF-1α and YKL-40 in predicting recurrence were 48.25 pg/mL and 60.15 ng/mL, respectively. Patients exceeding these cut-off values experienced a lower recurrence-free survival rate. Furthermore, serum levels surpassing the cut-off value, in conjunction with vascular invasion (v2+), were identified as independent risk factors for recurrence in patients with FTC. Conclusion Serum HIF-1α/HIF-2α and YKL-40 levels correlate with vascular invasion in FTC, and the combination of HIF-1α and YKL-40 predicts recurrence in patients with FTC. hypoxiainducible hypoxia inducible HIF1α/HIF2 HIF1αHIF2 HIFαHIF HIF 1α/HIF 2 1α (HIF)-1α/HIF- 3Like Like 3 YKL40 YKL 40 (YKL-40 FTC . (FTC) 8 17 (1 cases nonrecurrence non 66 (6 cases. classified HIF1α/HIF2α HIF1αHIF2α HIFαHIFα 2α YKL-4 enzymelinked enzyme linked assay (Tg method analysis prognosis HIF1α, HIF1α HIFα 1α, HIF2α, HIF2α 2α, HIF-2α YKL40, 40, YKL40. 40. cutoff cut off 4825 48 25 48.2 pgmL pg mL 6015 60 15 60.1 ngmL ng ng/mL respectively recurrencefree free rate Furthermore v2+, v2 v v2+ , (v2+) HIF2 HIF1α/HIF αHIF HIF1αHIF 1αHIF (HIF)-1α/HIF YKL4 4 (YKL-4 (FTC ( 6 YKL- 482 48. 601 60. (v2+ (YKL- (v2 (YKL (v

Abstract Background The role of parent support for adolescents has been validated in online learning. However, less attention has been paid to undergraduates. Main body The research used self-reported questionnaires to investigate the mediating effects of self-regulation in parent autonomy support and academic engagement (cognitive, behavioral, and emotional dimensions) within the online environment in the context of Chinese culture. Objective The present study recruited 1908 undergraduates in China. Methods The students completed measures of parent autonomy support, self-regulation and three sub-dimensions of academic engagement. Results The results indicated that parent autonomy support exerted a direct and significant effect on the three sub-dimensions of academic engagement in online learning. Self-regulation partially mediated the relations between parent autonomy support and three sub-dimensions of academic engagement. Conclusion These findings showed parents should autonomously support students to promote their cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement. Moreover, the partial mediation explained how parent autonomy support affected three sub-dimensions of academic engagement. Limitations and educational implications were also discussed. learning However selfreported self reported selfregulation regulation cognitive (cognitive behavioral dimensions culture 190 China subdimensions sub Selfregulation Self Moreover discussed 19 1