Bile acids are closely associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and their accumulation has cytotoxic effects on cells. However, the specific bile acid subtype involved in NEC and its underlying mechanisms remains poorly understood, limiting the therapeutic potential of bile acids as treatment targets. In the present study, deoxycholic acid (DCA) accumulation in the intestinal lumen exacerbated NEC-induced intestinal damage. DCA suppressed the expression of mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET), a proto-oncogene located on chromosome 7q31.2 that encodes c-Met, in the mouse intestine through transcription factors and increased nuclear translocation of p-STAT3. MET is a receptor tyrosine kinase that participates in cell proliferation and migration processes. Increasing concentrations of DCA downregulated MET expression and reduced the proliferation and migration of intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. MET knockdown reduced the proliferation and migration of intestinal epithelial cells but increased STAT3 phosphorylation. These findings indicated that MET mediated STAT3 involvement in intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and migration, demonstrating that the inhibitory effect of DCA on MET disrupted this process. These results elucidated the damaging effects and mechanisms of DCA accumulation in NEC, providing new insights into the use of DCA as a therapeutic target for NEC. , (NEC) However understood targets study (DCA NECinduced induced damage mesenchymalepithelial mesenchymal MET, (MET) protooncogene proto oncogene 7q312 q 7q31 2 7q31. cMet, cMet c Met, Met c-Met pSTAT3. pSTAT3 pSTAT p STAT3. STAT p-STAT3 processes vitro phosphorylation process (NEC (MET 7q3 p-STAT 7q

Abstract Background Fibrous scars frequently form at the sites of bone nonunion when attempts to repair bone fractures have failed. However, the detailed mechanism by which fibroblasts, which are the main components of fibrous scars, impede osteogenesis remains largely unknown. Results In this study, we found that fibroblasts compete with osteogenesis in both human bone nonunion tissues and BMP2-induced ectopic osteogenesis in a mouse model. Fibroblasts could inhibit the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via direct and indirect cell competition. During this process, fibroblasts modulated the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of YAP in MSCs. Knocking down YAP could inhibit osteoblast differentiation of MSCs, while overexpression of nuclear-localized YAP-5SA could reverse the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation of MSCs caused by fibroblasts. Furthermore, fibroblasts secreted DKK1, which further inhibited the formation of calcium nodules during the late stage of osteogenesis but did not affect the early stage of osteogenesis. Thus, fibroblasts could inhibit osteogenesis by regulating YAP localization in MSCs and secreting DKK1. Conclusions Our research revealed that fibroblasts could modulate the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of YAP in MSCs, thereby inhibiting their osteoblast differentiation. Fibroblasts could also secrete DKK1, which inhibited calcium nodule formation at the late stage of osteogenesis.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEG) between females and males in early bovine embryos. Superovulated cattle (n = 4) in the age span of 16–18 months were artificially inseminated with semen from the same bull that has been proven to be fertile. Blastocysts were collected by routine non-surgical uterine flushing on day 7 after insemination. This study determines the sex of embryos using a micro-injection pipette to collect a few blastomeres through the Zona pellucida. The remaining blastomeres were used for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis on the Illumina platform, followed by differential expression analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) function analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. The criteria for identifying DEG will be set at |log2(Fold change)| ≥ 1 and P<0.05. A total of 8004 DEG were detected in female (Denoted as BLX, n = 3) and male (Denoted as BLY, n = 3) blastocysts. Transcripts highly expressed in the female embryos were related to catalytic activity, nucleotide binding, and catabolic process, while transcripts highly expressed in the male embryos were linked to oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrion, and the ribosome. Nine genes that may be involved in blastocyst growth and development were screened, suggesting that their differential expression may be responsible for the differences in the development of male and female embryos. This study provides important information on potential genes and pathways associated with differences in early female and male embryonic development. (DEG 4 1618 16 18 16–1 fertile nonsurgical non surgical insemination microinjection micro injection pellucida singlecell single cell scRNAseq scRNA seq (scRNA-seq platform GO (GO KEGG (KEGG |log2Fold log2Fold logFold |log2 Fold log2 log change| change | change) P005 P 0 05 P<0.05 800 Denoted BLX 3 BLY blastocysts activity binding process phosphorylation mitochondrion ribosome screened 161 16– |log P00 P<0.0 80 P0 P<0. 8 P<0 P<

In this experiment, a ZnO-fibre complex was prepared using the hydrothermal methods of "water solubility," "coupling agent," and "high temperature and high pressure". Binding rate, antibacterial activity, microstructure, and the infrared spectrum were measured using biomimetic digestion, bacterial proliferation tests, and ultra-fine electron microscopes. At first, ZnO-fibre complexes were prepared with different ratios of material and water. They was divided into five groups with ratios of 1:0, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8, and 1:10, respectively. The ZnO-fibre complexes were prepared with different coupling agents on the basis of experiment 1. They were divided into four groups. The ratio for material and water in the control group was 1:0, and in the treatment group, was 1:4. Treatment groups 2 and 3 had 10% guar gum or 10% bamboo fibre polymer composites (BFP) added on the basis of group 1. A ZnO-fibre complex was successfully prepared by adding 10% BFP at a ratio of material:water of 1:4, at a high temperature of 120 °C and a high pressure of 0.3 MPa for 20 min. The ZnO-binding rate reached 99.05%. The zinc oxide may bind to the carbonyl group of bamboo powder and adhere to the surface of and gaps in the bamboo fibre. The growth inhibition rate of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus was double that of the common ZnO additive and Zn concentration. It is expected to be used as a slow-release ZnO additive.

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi investigar os efeitos da atividade física (AF) na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) em crianças e adolescentes. Realizamos uma pesquisa nas bases Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer-Link e EBSCO-host. A Escala Newcastle-Ottawa revisada foi utilizada para avaliar o risco de enviesamento. Um total de 21 estudos foi incluído. De forma geral, foram encontradas associações de médio porte entre AF e baixa frequência e alta frequência em crianças e adolescentes. O alto nível de AF teve um desvio padrão significativamente maior dos intervalos e raiz da média da soma dos quadrados de diferenças entre os intervalos RR adjacentes em crianças e adolescentes. Os efeitos de AF sobre VFC foram consistentes em crianças e adolescentes. Nossa revisão sistemática e meta-análise revelou que AF e VFC em crianças e adolescentes são de médio porte. Promover a participação de crianças e adolescentes em atividade física de moderada à vigorosa (AFMV) aumentará a atividade nervosa parassimpática e diminuirá a atividade nervosa simpática. Nossas descobertas apoiam a motivação de crianças e adolescentes a se envolverem mais na AFMV em suas vidas diárias para melhorar o funcionamento do sistema nervoso autônomo e promover a segurança cardiovascular.

Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of physical activity (PA) on heart rate variability (HRV) in children and adolescents. We conducted a research of Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer-Link and EBSCO-host. The revised Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used in an investigative analysis to assess bias risk. A total of 21 studies were included. Overall, medium-sized associations were found between PA and low frequency and high frequency in children and adolescents. High PA level had significantly higher standard deviation of RR intervals and root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent RR intervals in children and adolescents. The effects of PA on HRV were consistent in children and adolescents. Our systematic review and meta-analysis revealed medium-sized between PA and HRV in children and adolescents. Promoting children’s and adolescents’ participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) will increase parasympathetic nerve activity and decreased sympathetic nerve activity. Our findings support motivating children and adolescents to engage in more MVPA in their daily lives to improve autonomic nervous system function and promote cardiovascular safety.

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi investigar os efeitos da atividade física (AF) na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) em crianças e adolescentes. Realizamos uma pesquisa nas bases Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer-Link e EBSCO-host. A Escala Newcastle-Ottawa revisada foi utilizada para avaliar o risco de enviesamento. Um total de 21 estudos foi incluído. De forma geral, foram encontradas associações de médio porte entre AF e baixa frequência e alta frequência em crianças e adolescentes. O alto nível de AF teve um desvio padrão significativamente maior dos intervalos e raiz da média da soma dos quadrados de diferenças entre os intervalos RR adjacentes em crianças e adolescentes. Os efeitos de AF sobre VFC foram consistentes em crianças e adolescentes. Nossa revisão sistemática e meta-análise revelou que AF e VFC em crianças e adolescentes são de médio porte. Promover a participação de crianças e adolescentes em atividade física de moderada à vigorosa (AFMV) aumentará a atividade nervosa parassimpática e diminuirá a atividade nervosa simpática. Nossas descobertas apoiam a motivação de crianças e adolescentes a se envolverem mais na AFMV em suas vidas diárias para melhorar o funcionamento do sistema nervoso autônomo e promover a segurança cardiovascular.

Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of physical activity (PA) on heart rate variability (HRV) in children and adolescents. We conducted a research of Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer-Link and EBSCO-host. The revised Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used in an investigative analysis to assess bias risk. A total of 21 studies were included. Overall, medium-sized associations were found between PA and low frequency and high frequency in children and adolescents. High PA level had significantly higher standard deviation of RR intervals and root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent RR intervals in children and adolescents. The effects of PA on HRV were consistent in children and adolescents. Our systematic review and meta-analysis revealed medium-sized between PA and HRV in children and adolescents. Promoting children’s and adolescents’ participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) will increase parasympathetic nerve activity and decreased sympathetic nerve activity. Our findings support motivating children and adolescents to engage in more MVPA in their daily lives to improve autonomic nervous system function and promote cardiovascular safety.

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the resistance mechanism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium. We retrospectively analyzed the drug resistance of P.a isolated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. Drug-resistant P.a strains were constructed, then wild-type (WT) and drug-resistant (DR) strains were compared using protein and gene microarrays to determine differences between DR and WT strains. The resistance rates of P. aeruginosa during 2013, 2014 and 2015 were 21.2%, 21.4%, and 24.6% respectively. Among 242 protein peaks of WT and DR bacteriophage proteins, 41 were differentially expressed between the two groups. The expression of 26 and 15 proteins were respectively upregulated and downregulated in the DR compared with the WT group. Gene microarray results revealed 679 mutant loci in the DR group, of which 42 with the top 50 Q values were found in the NCBI database. The rate of P.a resistance to cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium remained high between 2013 and 2015. The numbers of different proteins and genetic variations in the DR strains suggested that the resistance mechanism of P.a to cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium involves multiple genes and proteins that might be key to controlling P.a resistance to cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the role of renal denervation (RDN) on endogenous ouabain (EO) secretion in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods: Sixteen 12-week-old male SHR were randomly separated into the renal denervation group (RDNX group) and sham operation group (sham group), and eight age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were served as control group. EO concentrations, the Na+- K+-ATPaseactivity, and the expression of Na+-K+-ATPase were assessed. Results: EO levels in serum, kidneys and hypothalamus of sham group were higher than in RDNX group (p < 0.05). Renal Na+-K+-ATPase activity subjected to denervation surgery showed significantly reduction when compared with the sham groups (p < 0.05). A positive correlation existed between norepinephrine (NE) content and Na+-K+-ATPase activity in the kidney (r2 = 0.579). Renal Na+-K+-ATPase α1 subunit mRNA expression was down-regulated in the RDNX group compared with the sham group (P < 0.05), while renal Na+-K+-ATPase α1 subunit mRNA expression was no statistical significance between the groups (P = 0.63). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that there were significant differences in the renal expression of Na+-K+-ATPasebetween the three groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: These experiments demonstrate that RDN exerted an anti-hypertensive effect with reduction of EO levels and Na+-K+-ATPase activity and Na+-K+-ATPase α1 subunit expression of kidney in SHR. Purpose (RDN (EO . (SHR) Methods 12weekold weekold 12 week old group, , agematched age matched WKY (WKY concentrations Na+ Na K+ATPaseactivity, KATPaseactivity K+ ATPaseactivity, K ATPaseactivity K+-ATPaseactivity Na+K+ATPase NaKATPase ATPase assessed Results serum p 0.05. 005 0.05 0 05 0.05) NE (NE r2 r (r 0.579. 0579 0.579 579 0.579) α downregulated down regulated P 0.05, 0.63. 063 0.63 63 0.63) Na+K+ATPasebetween NaKATPasebetween ATPasebetween Conclusions antihypertensive anti (SHR 1 K+ATPaseactivity 00 0.0 057 0.57 57 06 0.6 6 0. 0.5 5

Abstract To observe the influence of thalidomide on tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α) of spontaneous type-2 diabetes rat (kk-Ay rat) model, and to explore the clinical value of TNF-a mediated inflammation approach to improve the injury on epithelial cell of kidney tubules. There are 30 kk-Ay rates being chosen to establish the Diabetic Nephropathy model and divided into thalidomide group and the model control group, 15 pieces for each group respectively. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, interleukin -6 (IL-6) and interleukin -18 (IL-18) of kk-Ay in the thalidomide group and the model control group were both at a higher level before treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05); The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, interleukin -6 (IL-6) and interleukin -18 (IL-18) in kk-Ay rats 8/10/12 weeks after the treatment in the thalidomide group were significantly decreased, with statistically significant differences compared with the model control group (P < 0.05). The histopathological changes of kidney tubules epithelial cell injury on rats were observed through dissection. Thalidomide will effectively lower TNF-α and IL-1β expression levels in kk-Ay rat models, reduce inflammatory response, and thus improve damage on kidney tubules epithelial cell, which is worthy of further exploration and application.

Abstract Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide (EP) is a water-soluble sulfated polysaccharide with many types of biological activities. In this study, the crude polysaccharide was extracted from Enteromorpha prolifera and degraded by different physical, chemical, and biological methods. The results showed that the enzymatic degradation products displayed the best tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The optimal enzymatic degradation conditions were as follows: 30 °C, pH 5.5, 750 U/mL enzyme dosage for 2 h. The enzymatic hydrolysates were then divided into six EP fractions (EPFs) by an ultrafiltration membrane. The in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory activity of these fractions showed that the smaller the molecular weight of EPF, the better the inhibitory effect on tyrosinase. The antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory effect of the most effective EPF, a molecular weight below 5 kDa, (EPF5), was further confirmed on B16 cells. A kinetic study of tyrosinase inhibitory activity revealed that EPF5 is a competitive-uncompetitive mixed-type inhibitor of tyrosinase. These findings suggested that EPF5 has significant potential as a skin-whitening agent in cosmetics as well as an antibrowning agent in the food and agriculture industries.

Abstract Purpose This study aims to validate the money management intention screening questionnaire under the framework of theory of planned behavior, which includes attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and intention. Design/methodology/approach A total of 919 undergraduate students with loans were randomly selected and grouped into four sub-studies to address the psychometric properties of the imposed structure. The item–object congruence, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), test–retest reliability method and other statistical tests were carried out for item selection and confirmation. Two self-reported measures, namely, Saving Behavior Scale and Short Dark Triad (SD3-Thai version), were applied for the measure concurrent validation. Findings The final 12 items with four-component structures were deemed reliable and generally valid in university students with loans, with CFA results indicating good fit indices (χ2= 96.44, df = 43; CFI = 0.96; GFI = 0.94; RMSEA = 0.06). The test–retest method indicated values between 0.66 (subjective norm) and 0.71 (attitude). Machiavellianism from SD3-TH and saving attitude from the Saving Behavior Scale showed the strongest significant relation among the items. The abbreviation of the 12-item structure was labeled in the Money Management Intention Questionnaire (MMIQ-TPB). Research limitations/implications This study provided a reliable and valid substantial structure for identifying money management intention. However, there was a consideration that MMIQ-TPB questions referred to cognitive influences through intention; thus, it was designed to cover the intended preparation and not in the action stage. Practical implications Great money management practically predicts a lower likelihood of being in debt. Attentive educators or loan providers can thus benefit from this alternative structure as a screening scale for identifying risky cognitive mismanagement. Social implications The evidence provided in this study highlights the possibility of identifying students who necessarily need a program to improve their monetary management skills during their studying periods. Policymakers could address this problem at the first stage of the general mode in the loan providing operation. Originality/value This study bridges the gap in the literature on financial behavioral changes for establishing money management intention among undergraduate students with loans. Furthermore, it confirms the advantages and disadvantages of having certain dark personality traits in a financial context.

Resumo Fundamento: A taxa de falha de enxerto de veia safena um ano após a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio varia de 10% a 25%. O objetivo deste estudo foi de investigar se a atorvastatina pode reduzir o acúmulo de células musculares lisas vasculares para inibir a hiperplasia intimal por meio da inibição da via p38 MAPK. Métodos: Quarenta e cinco ratos Sprague-Dawley foram randomizados em três grupos. Trinta ratos foram submetidos à cirurgia de enxerto de veia e randomizados para tratamento com veículo ou atorvastatina; quinze ratos foram submetidos à cirurgia sham. Detectamos a hiperplasia intimal por meio de coloração com hematoxilina-eosina e a expressão de proteínas relacionadas por meio de análise imuno-histoquímica e Western blot. Foram realizadas as comparações por análise de variância de fator único e pelo teste da diferença mínima significativa de Fisher, com p < 0,05 considerado significativo. Resultados: A íntima analisada pela coloração com hematoxilina-eosina era dramaticamente mais espessa no grupo controle que no grupo atorvastatina e no grupo sham (p < 0,01). Os resultados da coloração imuno-histoquímica de α-SMA demonstraram que a porcentagem de células positivas para α-SMA no grupo controle era mais alta que no grupo atorvastatina (p < 0,01). Nós também avaliamos α-SMA, PCNA, p38 MAPK e fosforilação de p38 MAPK após o tratamento com estatina por meio de análise de Western blot e os resultados indicaram que a atorvastatina não levou à redução de p38 MAPK (p < 0,05); no entanto, resultou na inibição da fosforilação de p38 MAPK (p < 0,01) e reduziu significativamente os níveis de α-SMA e PCNA, em comparação com o grupo controle (p < 0,01). Conclusão: Nós demonstramos que a atorvastatina pode inibir o acúmulo de células musculares lisas vasculares por meio da inibição da via p38 MAPK e é capaz de inibir a hiperplasia intimal em modelos de enxerto de veia em ratos.

Abstract Background: The rate of saphenous vein graft failure one year after coronary artery bypass grafting ranges from 10% to 25%. The aim of this study was to explore whether atorvastatin can reduce accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells to inhibit intimal hyperplasia via p38 MAPK pathway inhibition. Methods: Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to three groups. Thirty rats received a vein graft operation, and they were randomized to be treated with vehicle or atorvastatin; fifteen rats received a sham operation. We detected intimal hyperplasia by hematoxylin-eosin staining and related protein expression by immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis. Comparisons were analyzed by single-factor analysis of variance and Fisher's least significant difference test, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: The intima analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin staining was dramatically thicker in the control group than in the atorvastatin group and sham group (p < 0.01). The outcomes of immunohistochemical staining of α-SMA demonstrated that the percentage of α-SMA-positive cells in the control group was higher than in the atorvastatin group (p < 0.01). We also evaluated α-SMA, PCNA, p38 MAPK, and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK after statin treatment by Western blot analysis, and the results indicated that atorvastatin did not lead to p38 MAPK reduction (p < 0.05); it did, however, result in inhibition of p38 MAPK phosphorylation (p < 0.01), and it significantly reduced α-SMA and PCNA levels, in comparison with the control group (p < 0.01). Conclusion: We have demonstrated that atorvastatin can inhibit accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells by inhibiting the p38 MAPK pathway, and it is capable of inhibiting intimal hyperplasia in a rat vein graft model.

ABSTRACT: Yellowing is a key stage in the curing of flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum L.) as much of the chemical transformation occurs during this period. This study examined the effect of different yellowing degrees on the value of flue-cured tobacco leaves at the farm level for both processing and manufacturing. The study was conducted in the counties of Chuxiong, Dali, and Yuxi in Yunnan, China over two years. Yellowing treatments have been designed to have either a mild or a regular yellowing degree. Yield, value, appearance, suction property, smoking characteristics, and physical resistance to further processing were investigated to evaluate the effect of degree of yellowing on the industrial utilization of flue-cured tobacco leaves. The regular yellowing degree enhanced yield, value, and appearance compared to the mild yellowing degree, regardless of cultivar or location; however, physical resistance to further processing and the suction property of the mild yellowing degree treatment were better than with the regular yellowing degree regardless of cultivar or location. Furthermore, although the regular yellowing degree recorded higher smoking characteristic scores than the mild yellowing degree immediately after flue-curing, the scores of mild yellowing degree leaves could be further augmented by increasing intensity in the re-drying stage. The smoking characteristic score in the regular yellowing degree can only be increased by low intensity re-drying, and significantly decreased by mild and high intensity re-drying. Therefore, in terms of industrial utilization, mild yellowing is the better choice for flue-curing tobacco. This study also suggested that the current regular yellowing stage in Yunnan should be shortened to meet the demands of the traditional tobacco industry.

ABSTRACT Addition of livestock manures and plant residues is a feasible practice to largely mitigate soil-degradative trends by the soil-dwelling fungi. However, long-term impacts of these fertilization regimes on the fungal community are poorly documented in tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) plantations in subtropical areas. In this study, MiSeq sequencing approach was used to estimate the diversity and composition of fungal communities in soils treated with 10 yr of non-fertilization control (CK), chemical fertilizers only (CF), and integrated use of chicken manure and legume straw with chemical fertilizers (IF), respectively. We found that different fertilization treatments produced little effect on the richness and diversity of soil fungi compared to those of the controls. In addition, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, and Chytridiomycota were the five most abundant phyla in soils under different fertilization treatments. Moreover, IF resulted in the prevalence of the genera Fusarium, unclassified Microascaceae, and unclassified Ascomycota, which accounted for 30.04%, 18.77%, and 6.92% of the total fungi, respectively. Additionally, the relative abundance of the phylum Ascomycota was positively correlated with pH, total N (TN), soil organic C (SOC), soil moisture (SM) and silt (SI) contents; however, these soil physicochemical properties were negatively correlated with the relative abundance of the phylum Basidiomycota. Together, these results suggest that the changes of the fungal community structure at the genus and phylum level under IF treatment could be the result of their responses to variations of soil pH, SM, TN, SOC, and SI contents.

OBJECTIVES: Limited information is available concerning the post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in critical limb ischemia patients who receive conservative therapy. Accordingly, this study was designed to evaluate the predictive value of the post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in critical limb ischemia patients without surgery. METHOD: From January 2009 to January 2011, critical limb ischemia patients were admitted to a vascular center. The demographic data, patient histories, comorbidities and risk factors were documented, and the differential cell count was determined at admission and seven days later after conservative therapy. The cutoff value of the post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was determined by an ROC curve. Patients were divided into groups A and B according to the cutoff value. Amputation-free survival was compared between groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify independent risk factors. RESULT: A total of 172 patients were identified with a mean age 71.98±10.09 years; among them, 122 were male. A value of 3.8 was identified as the cutoff value of the post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio. Groups A (post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio ≥3.8) and B (post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio <3.8) showed a significant difference in amputation-free survival (P<0.001). The 1-year, 2-year and 3-year amputation-free survival rates were 79.6%, 55.6% and 46.3%, respectively, in group A; however, in group B, these values were 89.7%, 79.3% and 75.9%, respectively. The post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was identified as an independent predictive factor for amputation in critical limb ischemia patients (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is an independent predictive factor for amputation in critical limb ischemia patients. Patients with a post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio ≥3.8 are likely to suffer from amputation; amputation-free survival usually occurs in patients with a post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio <3.8.